Dostoyevsky - Notes From Underground

NOTES FROM
UNDERGROUND
Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®,
GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Translated by Constance Garnett
PSAT is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit
Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT is a registered
trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE, AP and
Advanced Placement are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither
sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management
Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT is a
registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses this
product. All rights reserved.
Notes from Underground
Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®,
GMAT®, and AP® English Test Preparation
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Translated by Constance Garnett
PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit
Scholarship Corporation neither of which sponsors or endorses this book; SAT® is a registered
trademark of the College Board which neither sponsors nor endorses this book; GRE®, AP® and
Advanced Placement® are registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service which neither
sponsors nor endorses this book, GMAT® is a registered trademark of the Graduate Management
Admissions Council which is neither affiliated with this book nor endorses this book, LSAT® is a
registered trademark of the Law School Admissions Council which neither sponsors nor endorses
this product. All rights reserved.
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Notes from Underground: Webster’s Thesaurus Edition for PSAT®, SAT®, GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT®,
and AP® English Test Preparation
This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005

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ISBN 0-497-01049-6
iii
Contents
PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1
PART I: UNDERGROUND ................................................................................................. 3

I................................................................................................................................. 5
II ............................................................................................................................... 9
III ............................................................................................................................ 13
IV ............................................................................................................................ 17
V ............................................................................................................................. 19
VI ............................................................................................................................ 23
VII ........................................................................................................................... 25
VIII .......................................................................................................................... 31
IX ............................................................................................................................ 37
X ............................................................................................................................. 41
XI ............................................................................................................................ 43
PART II: A PROPOS OF THE WET SNOW ........................................................................ 47

I............................................................................................................................... 49
II ............................................................................................................................. 61
III ............................................................................................................................ 67
IV ............................................................................................................................ 77
V ............................................................................................................................. 89
VI ............................................................................................................................ 95
VII ......................................................................................................................... 107
VIII ........................................................................................................................ 115
IX .......................................................................................................................... 125
X ........................................................................................................................... 133
GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 139

Fyodor Dostoyevsky 1
PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR
Designed for school districts, educators, and students seeking to maximize performance on
standardized tests, Webster’s paperbacks take advantage of the fact that classics are frequently
assigned readings in English courses. By using a running thesaurus at the bottom of each page, this
edition of Notes from Underground by Fyodor Dostoyevsky was edited for students who are
actively building their vocabularies in anticipation of taking PSAT®, SAT®, AP® (Advanced
Placement®), GRE®, LSAT®, GMAT® or similar examinations.1
Webster’s edition of this classic is organized to expose the reader to a maximum number of
synonyms and antonyms for difficult and often ambiguous English words that are encountered in
other works of literature, conversation, or academic examinations. Extremely rare or idiosyncratic
words and expressions are given lower priority in the notes compared to words which are “difficult,
and often encountered” in examinations. Rather than supply a single synonym, many are provided
for a variety of meanings, allowing readers to better grasp the ambiguity of the English language,
and avoid using the notes as a pure crutch. Having the reader decipher a word’s meaning within
context serves to improve vocabulary retention and understanding. Each page covers words not
already highlighted on previous pages. If a difficult word is not noted on a page, chances are that it
has been highlighted on a previous page. A more complete thesaurus is supplied at the end of the
book; Synonyms and antonyms are extracted from Webster’s Online Dictionary.
Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-online-

dictionary.org. Please send suggestions to websters@icongroupbooks.com
The Editor
Webster’s Online Dictionary
www.websters-online-dictionary.org
1 PSAT® is a registered trademark of the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit
PART I:
UNDERGROUND
I %am a sick man... I am a spiteful man. I am an unattractive man. I believe

my liver is diseased. However, I know nothing at all about my disease, and do
not know for certain what ails me. I don't consult a doctor for it, and never have,
though I have a respect for medicine and doctors. Besides, I am extremely
superstitious, sufficiently so to respect medicine, anyway (I am well-educated
enough not to be superstitious, but I am superstitious). No, I refuse to consult a
doctor from spite. That you probably will not understand. Well, I understand it,
though. Of course, I can't explain who it is precisely that I am mortifying in this
case by my spite: I am perfectly well aware that I cannot "pay out" the doctors by
not consulting them; I know better than anyone that by all this I am only injuring
myself and no one else. But still, if I don't consult a doctor it is from spite. My
liver is bad, well—let it get worse!
I have been going on like that for a long time—twenty years. Now I am forty.
I used to be in the government service, but am no longer. I was a spiteful official.
I was rude and took pleasure in being so. I did not take bribes, you see, so I was
bound to find a recompense in that, at least. (A poor jest, but I will not scratch it
out. I wrote it thinking it would sound very witty; but now that I have seen
myself that I only wanted to show off in a despicable way, I will not scratch it
out on purpose!)
Thesaurus
despicable: (adj) vile, base, don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, prohibition. indemnification, indemnity; (v)
abominable, mean, abject, miserable, jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v) compensate, reimburse.
dishonorable, filthy, dirty, hateful, jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird, ANTONYMS: (v) penalize, receive;
ignoble. ANTONYMS: (adj) sneer, clown. (n) penalty.
honorable, creditable, praiseworthy, mortifying: (adj) embarrassing, spiteful: (adj) malicious, malevolent,
worthy, noble, loveable, likable, demeaning, humbling, undignified, sinister, nasty, malignant, venomous,
laudable, endearing, commendable, off, awkward, unpleasant; (v) despiteful, ill-natured, vindictive,
lovable. annoying, aggravating, irritating, cruel, hateful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
diseased: (adj) bad, ailing, sickly, stinging. ANTONYM: (adj) dignified. benevolent, harmless, merciful,
unsound, sick, ill, unhealthy, recompense: (n, v) pay, redress; (n) kindhearted, friendly, pleasant,
pathological, infected, unwholesome, compensation, amends, atonement, loving, benign, generous, gentle,
infirm. ANTONYMS: (adj) well, fit. payment, consideration, flattering.
6 Notes from Underground
When petitioners used to come for information to the table at which I sat, I
used to grind my teeth at them, and felt intense enjoyment when I succeeded in
making anybody unhappy. I almost did succeed. For the most part they were all
timid people—of course, they were petitioners. But of the uppish ones there was
one officer in particular I could not endure. He simply would not be humble,
and clanked his sword in a disgusting way. I carried on a feud with him for
eighteen months over that sword. At last I got the better of him. He left off
clanking it. That happened in my youth, though. But do you know, gentlemen,
what was the chief point about my spite? Why, the whole point, the real sting of
it lay in the fact that continually, even in the moment of the acutest spleen, I was
inwardly conscious with shame that I was not only not a spiteful but not even an
embittered man, that I was simply scaring sparrows at random and amusing
myself by it. I might foam at the mouth, but bring me a doll to play with, give
me a cup of tea with sugar in it, and maybe I should be appeased. I might even
be genuinely touched, though probably I should grind my teeth at myself
afterwards and lie awake at night with shame for months after. That was my
way.%
I was lying when I said just now that I was a spiteful official. I was lying
from spite. I was simply amusing myself with the petitioners and with the
officer, and in reality I never could become spiteful. I was conscious every
moment in myself of many, very many elements absolutely opposite to that. I
felt them positively swarming in me, these opposite elements. I knew that they
had been swarming in me all my life and craving some outlet from me, but I
would not let them, would not let them, purposely would not let them come out.
They tormented me till I was ashamed: they drove me to convulsions and—
sickened me, at last, how they sickened me! Now, are not you fancying,
gentlemen, that I am expressing remorse for something now, that I am asking
your forgiveness for something? I am sure you are fancying that ... However, I
assure you I do not care if you are...
It was not only that I could not become spiteful, I did not know how to
become anything; neither spiteful nor kind, neither a rascal nor an honest man,
Thesaurus
appeased: (adj) content, pacate. sour, indignant, disappointed, sparrows: (n) sparrow, finches, order
convulsions: (n) convulsion, spasm, crestfallen, dissatisfied, frustrated, Passeriformes, Passeriformes, robins,
epilepsy, eclampsia, mirth. disenchanted; (v) resent. ANTONYM: rooks, etc.
craving: (n) appetite, addiction, (adj) idealistic. swarming: (adj) full, crowded, alive,
appetence, eagerness, hankering, yen, fancying: (n) daydream, fantasy. packed, populous, sensitive, thick; (v)
hunger; (n, v) desire, appetency; (adj, gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs. dense, crowded to suffocation,
n) longing; (adj) eager. ANTONYMS: rascal: (n) villain, rapscallion, monkey, serried, closely packed.
(n) disgust, hatred, distaste, miscreant, knave, scoundrel, scamp, ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, deserted.
repulsion, aversion, apathy, rogue, varlet, vagabond, brat. uppish: (adj) snotty, snooty, proud,
disinclination; (adj) unconcerned, scaring: (adj) appalling. persnickety, supercilious, snobbish,
disinterested. sickened: (adj) aghast, horrified, assuming, arrogant, condescending,
embittered: (adj) bitter, disillusioned, appalled, shocked. pernickety.
neither a hero nor an insect. Now, I am living out my life in my corner, taunting
myself with the spiteful and useless consolation that an intelligent man cannot
become anything seriously, and it is only the fool who becomes anything. Yes, a
man in the nineteenth century must and morally ought to be pre-eminently a
characterless creature; a man of character, an active man is pre-eminently a
limited creature. That is my conviction of forty years. I am forty years old now,
and you know forty years is a whole lifetime; you know it is extreme old age. To
live longer than forty years is bad manners, is vulgar, immoral. Who does live
beyond forty? Answer that, sincerely and honestly I will tell you who do: fools
and worthless fellows. I tell all old men that to their face, all these venerable old
men, all these silver-haired and reverend seniors! I tell the whole world that to
its face! I have a right to say so, for I shall go on living to sixty myself. To
seventy! To eighty! ... Stay, let me take breath ...%
You imagine no doubt, gentlemen, that I want to amuse you. You are
mistaken in that, too. I am by no means such a mirthful person as you imagine,
or as you may imagine; however, irritated by all this babble (and I feel that you
are irritated) you think fit to ask me who I am—then my answer is, I am a
collegiate assessor. I was in the service that I might have something to eat (and
solely for that reason), and when last year a distant relation left me six thousand
roubles in his will I immediately retired from the service and settled down in my
corner. I used to live in this corner before, but now I have settled down in it. My
room is a wretched, horrid one in the outskirts of the town. My servant is an old
country- woman, ill-natured from stupidity, and, moreover, there is always a
nasty smell about her. I am told that the Petersburg climate is bad for me, and
that with my small means it is very expensive to live in Petersburg. I know all
that better than all these sage and experienced counsellors and monitors... But I
am remaining in Petersburg; I am not going away from Petersburg! I am not
going away because ... ech! Why, it is absolutely no matter whether I am going
away or not going away.
But what can a decent man speak of with most pleasure?
Answer: Of himself.
Thesaurus
assessor: (n) inspector, examiner, ANTONYMS: (adj) inspiring, pre-eminently: (adv) principally,
surveyor, tax assessor, bureaucrat, interesting, inspired, soulful, special. eminently.
judge, valuer, estimator, evaluator, collegiate: (adj) academic, scholastic; taunting: (n) twit, taunt, ridicule,
umpire, checker. (n) college, collegian, varsity. scorn, witty; (adj) mocking, gibelike,
babble: (n, v) drivel, gossip, chat, ANTONYMS: (adj) mature, worldly. sarcastic, jeering, unkind; (adj, n)
burble, prattle; (v) ripple, gab, talk, ill-natured: (adj) cantankerous, satirical.
blab, smatter, bubble. ANTONYMS: peevish, sour, surly, catty, crabbed, venerable: (adj) ancient, reverend,
(n, v) stillness, quietness; (n) sense. gruff, disagreeable, malignant, estimable, August, respectable, aged,
characterless: (adj) commonplace, malicious, malevolent. distinguished, sacred, worthy, of
nondescript, colorless, boring, mirthful: (adj) gay, jolly, merry, long standing, revered. ANTONYMS:
insipid, featureless, pedestrian, banal, festive, gleeful, glad, blithe, amusing, (adj) unworthy, unimpressive,
mediocre, mundane, null. jocund, laughable, comical. undignified, disreputable.
Well, %so I will talk about myself.
Thesaurus
myself: (pron) me, itself, herself,
oneself, themselves, yourself; (n) I,
yourselves; (adv) in person, for
myself, in my opinion. ANTONYMS:
(adv) universally, generally.
talk: (n, v) discourse, gossip, converse,
lecture, chatter, chat, address; (v)
articulate, speak, prattle; (n)
language. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse;
(n) silence.
II
I %want now to tell you, gentlemen, whether you care to hear it or not, why I
could not even become an insect. I tell you solemnly, that I have many times
tried to become an insect. But I was not equal even to that. I swear, gentlemen,
that to be too conscious is an illness—a real thorough-going illness. For man's
everyday needs, it would have been quite enough to have the ordinary human
consciousness, that is, half or a quarter of the amount which falls to the lot of a
cultivated man of our unhappy nineteenth century, especially one who has the
fatal ill-luck to inhabit Petersburg, the most theoretical and intentional town on
the whole terrestrial globe. (There are intentional and unintentional towns.) It
would have been quite enough, for instance, to have the consciousness by which
all so-called direct persons and men of action live. I bet you think I am writing
all this from affectation, to be witty at the expense of men of action; and what is
more, that from ill-bred affectation, I am clanking a sword like my officer. But,
gentlemen, whoever can pride himself on his diseases and even swagger over
them?
Though, after all, everyone does do that; people do pride themselves on their
diseases, and I do, may be, more than anyone. We will not dispute it; my
contention was absurd. But yet I am firmly persuaded that a great deal of
consciousness, every sort of consciousness, in fact, is a disease. I stick to that.
Let us leave that, too, for a minute. Tell me this: why does it happen that at the
Thesaurus
affectation: (n) pretension, feint, pose, inhabit: (v) reside, abide, occupy, swagger: (n, v) strut, prance; (adj, n, v)
display, airs, affectedness, lodge, settle, people, live, indwell, be, bluster; (v) boast, show off, parade,
ostentation, show, pretense, exist; (n) habit. ANTONYMS: (v) ruffle, flourish; (adj, v) bully; (adj)
mannerism, sham. ANTONYMS: (n) desert, vacate. groovy; (n) bragging.
artlessness, honesty, modesty. intentional: (adj, v) voluntary; (adj) unintentional: (adj) unconscious,
globe: (n) earth, world, orb, circle, deliberate, calculated, willful, undesigned, inadvertent,
eyeball, round, planet, bolus, fireball, knowing, conscious, premeditated, unintended, unwitting, coincidental,
bulb; (adj, n) sphere. designed, planned, advised, wilful. accidental, chance, spontaneous,
ill-bred: (adj) boorish, discourteous, ANTONYMS: (adj) accidental, unthinking, fortuitous. ANTONYMS:
impertinent, graceless, gruff, unintentional, involuntary, (adj) intentional, planned, designed,
uncouth, uncivil, ill-mannered, spontaneous, undesigned, intended, voluntary, conscious.
crude, inurbane, indelicate. unconscious, casual. whether: (pron) where.
very, %yes, at the very moments when I am most capable of feeling every
refinement of all that is "sublime and beautiful," as they used to say at one time,
it would, as though of design, happen to me not only to feel but to do such ugly
things, such that ... Well, in short, actions that all, perhaps, commit; but which, as
though purposely, occurred to me at the very time when I was most conscious
that they ought not to be committed. The more conscious I was of goodness and
of all that was "sublime and beautiful," the more deeply I sank into my mire and
the more ready I was to sink in it altogether. But the chief point was that all this
was, as it were, not accidental in me, but as though it were bound to be so. It was
as though it were my most normal condition, and not in the least disease or
depravity, so that at last all desire in me to struggle against this depravity
passed. It ended by my almost believing (perhaps actually believing) that this
was perhaps my normal condition. But at first, in the beginning, what agonies I
endured in that struggle! I did not believe it was the same with other people,
and all my life I hid this fact about myself as a secret. I was ashamed (even now,
perhaps, I am ashamed): I got to the point of feeling a sort of secret abnormal,
despicable enjoyment in returning home to my corner on some disgusting
Petersburg night, acutely conscious that that day I had committed a loathsome
action again, that what was done could never be undone, and secretly, inwardly
gnawing, gnawing at myself for it, tearing and consuming myself till at last the
bitterness turned into a sort of shameful accursed sweetness, and at last—into
positive real enjoyment! Yes, into enjoyment, into enjoyment! I insist upon that.
I have spoken of this because I keep wanting to know for a fact whether other
people feel such enjoyment? I will explain; the enjoyment was just from the too
intense consciousness of one's own degradation; it was from feeling oneself that
one had reached the last barrier, that it was horrible, but that it could not be
otherwise; that there was no escape for you; that you never could become a
different man; that even if time and faith were still left you to change into
something different you would most likely not wish to change; or if you did wish
to, even then you would do nothing; because perhaps in reality there was
nothing for you to change into.
Thesaurus
accursed: (adj) execrable, abominable, decency, goodness. mud; (v) involve, bog down.
detestable, accurst, hateful, damned, gnawing: (v) corroding, biting; (n) purposely: (adj, adv) designedly,
damnable, maledict, blasted; (v) arrosion. advisedly, knowingly; (adv)
atrocious, stranded. loathsome: (adj) foul, hideous, intentionally, on purpose, by design,
depravity: (n) corruption, evil, distasteful, disgusting, hateful, consciously, by choice, calculatedly,
degeneracy, depravation, abominable, revolting, execrable, explicitly; (adj) wittingly.
debauchery, degeneration, loathly, nauseous, horrible. ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally.
degradation, wickedness, vice, ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, nice, undone: (adj) ruined, unfinished,
turpitude; (adj) demoralization. noble, inoffensive, pleasant, sunk, done for, finished, behindhand,
ANTONYMS: (n) honor, justice, admirable, good, attractive. decayed; (adj, v) doomed; (v)
morality, nobility, purity, restraint, mire: (n, v) bog, muck; (n) filth, marsh, accursed, to be pitied, devoted.
uprightness, virtue, righteousness, quagmire, dirt, sludge, clay; (adj, n, v)
And the worst of it was, and the root of it all, that it was all in accord with the
normal fundamental laws of over-acute consciousness, and with the inertia that
was the direct result of those laws, and that consequently one was not only
unable to change but could do absolutely nothing. Thus it would follow, as the
result of acute consciousness, that one is not to blame in being a scoundrel; as
though that were any consolation to the scoundrel once he has come to realise
that he actually is a scoundrel. But enough... Ech, I have talked a lot of
nonsense, but what have I explained? How is enjoyment in this to be explained?
But I will explain it. I will get to the bottom of it! That is why I have taken up
my pen...%
I, for instance, have a great deal of amour propre. I am as suspicious and
prone to take offence as a humpback or a dwarf. But upon my word I sometimes
have had moments when if I had happened to be slapped in the face I should,
perhaps, have been positively glad of it. I say, in earnest, that I should probably
have been able to discover even in that a peculiar sort of enjoyment—the
enjoyment, of course, of despair; but in despair there are the most intense
enjoyments, especially when one is very acutely conscious of the hopelessness of
one's position. And when one is slapped in the face—why then the
consciousness of being rubbed into a pulp would positively overwhelm one.
The worst of it is, look at it which way one will, it still turns out that I was always
the most to blame in everything. And what is most humiliating of all, to blame
for no fault of my own but, so to say, through the laws of nature. In the first
place, to blame because I am cleverer than any of the people surrounding me. (I
have always considered myself cleverer than any of the people surrounding me,
and sometimes, would you believe it, have been positively ashamed of it. At any
rate, I have all my life, as it were, turned my eyes away and never could look
people straight in the face.) To blame, finally, because even if I had had
magnanimity, I should only have had more suffering from the sense of its
uselessness. I should certainly have never been able to do anything from being
magnanimous—neither to forgive, for my assailant would perhaps have slapped
me from the laws of nature, and one cannot forgive the laws of nature; nor to
forget, for even if it were owing to the laws of nature, it is insulting all the same.
Thesaurus
amour: (n) affair, affaire, love, love liberality; (n) largesse, greatness, miscreant, crook, rapscallion, varlet,
affair, liaison, flirtation, romance, charity, munificence, tolerance, scalawag.
relationship, passion; (n, v) intrigue; nobleness, nobility, kindness, largess. slapped: (adj) mistreated.
(adj) amourette. ANTONYM: (n) pettiness. uselessness: (n) inutility, fruitlessness,
assailant: (n) raider, attacker, overwhelm: (v) overpower, defeat, pointlessness, impracticableness,
assaulter, invader, enemy, fighter, inundate, flood, overthrow, drown, impracticability, unusefulness,
opponent, antagonist, foe, mugger; deluge, crush, engulf, astound, vanity, idleness, ineffectualness,
(adj) aggressive. overturn. ANTONYMS: (v) senselessness; (adj) useless.
humpback: (n) crookback, hump, encourage, amplify, capitulate, incite, ANTONYMS: (n) value, competence,
hunchback, stoop, bent, cripple, install, lose, protect, submit. helpfulness, effectiveness,
humpback whale, baleen whale. scoundrel: (n, v) rascal; (n) knave, fruitfulness, skill, utility, worthiness,
magnanimity: (adj, n) generosity, blackguard, cad, villain, ruffian, worth, ability; (adj) purposeful.
Finally, %even if I had wanted to be anything but magnanimous, had desired on

the contrary to revenge myself on my assailant, I could not have revenged
myself on any one for anything because I should certainly never have made up
my mind to do anything, even if I had been able to. Why should I not have made
up my mind? About that in particular I want to say a few words.
Thesaurus
certainly: (adv) assuredly, definitely, harmonious, helpful, obliging, miserly, unforgiving, petty.
positively, clearly, necessarily, compatible, complaisant, concordant, revenge: (n) retribution, vengeance,
undoubtedly, actually, securely, parallel, agreeable, cooperative, reprisal, retaliation, repayment,
confidently, absolutely; (adj, adv) favorable. grudge, punishment; (v) retaliate,
really. ANTONYMS: (adv) desired: (adj) coveted, desirable, repay, requite, vindicate.
doubtfully, possibly, equivocally, favorite, wanted, welcome, needed, wanted: (adj) welcome, cherished,
perhaps. beloved, required, most wanted; (adj, precious, treasured, marketable,
contrary: (adj, n) contradictory, v) chosen; (v) consenting. invited, necessary, needed, desirable,
reverse; (adj) adverse, conflicting, magnanimous: (adj) generous, great, desired, loved. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unfavorable, perverse, cross, noble, bountiful, exalted, big, unwanted, unwelcome.
disobedient, alien, different, handsome, lofty, large, charitable,
obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj) similar, considerate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
III
With %people who know how to revenge themselves and to stand up for
themselves in general, how is it done? Why, when they are possessed, let us
suppose, by the feeling of revenge, then for the time there is nothing else but that
feeling left in their whole being. Such a gentleman simply dashes straight for his
object like an infuriated bull with its horns down, and nothing but a wall will
stop him. (By the way: facing the wall, such gentlemen—that is, the "direct"
persons and men of action—are genuinely nonplussed. For them a wall is not an
evasion, as for us people who think and consequently do nothing; it is not an
excuse for turning aside, an excuse for which we are always very glad, though
we scarcely believe in it ourselves, as a rule. No, they are nonplussed in all
sincerity. The wall has for them something tranquillising, morally soothing,
final—maybe even something mysterious ... but of the wall later.)
Well, such a direct person I regard as the real normal man, as his tender
mother nature wished to see him when she graciously brought him into being on
the earth. I envy such a man till I am green in the face. He is stupid. I am not
disputing that, but perhaps the normal man should be stupid, how do you
know? Perhaps it is very beautiful, in fact. And I am the more persuaded of that
suspicion, if one can call it so, by the fact that if you take, for instance, the
antithesis of the normal man, that is, the man of acute consciousness, who has
come, of course, not out of the lap of nature but out of a retort (this is almost
Thesaurus
antithesis: (n) foil, opposite, avoidance, subterfuge, prevarication; furious, incensed, angered, mad,
antagonism, contrast, reverse, (n) escape, quibble, dodge, excuse, exasperated, provoked, boiling, livid,
opposition, converse, contrary, elusion, casuistry, circumvention. wrathful, annoyed. ANTONYM: (adj)
contrariety, difference; (adj) ANTONYMS: (n) facing, pleased.
inversion. confrontation, confronting, meeting. nonplussed: (adj) puzzled, confused,
bull: (n) rot, ox, hogwash, absurdity, graciously: (adv) gracefully, mildly, at a loss, disconcerted, confounded,
bear, buck, guff, shit, male; (n, v) politely, courteously, benevolently, perplexed, blank, distraught; (n)
bullshit; (adj, n) blunder. benignantly, civilly, sympathetically, graveled, stranded; (adv) aground.
ANTONYMS: (n) truth, bear. mercifully, leniently, suavely. retort: (n, v) answer, return, riposte;
disputing: (adj) opposed; (v) ANTONYMS: (adv) bitterly, coarsely, (n) response, rejoinder, repartee,
disputant. poorly, ungraciously, harshly. comeback; (v) respond, repay, rejoin,
evasion: (n, v) equivocation, infuriated: (adj, v) enraged; (adj) alembic.
mysticism, %gentlemen, but I suspect this, too), this retort-made man is

sometimes so nonplussed in the presence of his antithesis that with all his
exaggerated consciousness he genuinely thinks of himself as a mouse and not a
man. It may be an acutely conscious mouse, yet it is a mouse, while the other is a
man, and therefore, et caetera, et caetera. And the worst of it is, he himself, his
very own self, looks on himself as a mouse; no one asks him to do so; and that is
an important point. Now let us look at this mouse in action. Let us suppose, for
instance, that it feels insulted, too (and it almost always does feel insulted), and
wants to revenge itself, too. There may even be a greater accumulation of spite
in it than in l'homme de la nature et de la verite. The base and nasty desire to vent
that spite on its assailant rankles perhaps even more nastily in it than in l'homme
de la nature et de la verite. For through his innate stupidity the latter looks upon
his revenge as justice pure and simple; while in consequence of his acute
consciousness the mouse does not believe in the justice of it. To come at last to
the deed itself, to the very act of revenge. Apart from the one fundamental
nastiness the luckless mouse succeeds in creating around it so many other
nastinesses in the form of doubts and questions, adds to the one question so
many unsettled questions that there inevitably works up around it a sort of fatal
brew, a stinking mess, made up of its doubts, emotions, and of the contempt spat
upon it by the direct men of action who stand solemnly about it as judges and
arbitrators, laughing at it till their healthy sides ache. Of course the only thing
left for it is to dismiss all that with a wave of its paw, and, with a smile of
assumed contempt in which it does not even itself believe, creep ignominiously
into its mouse-hole. There in its nasty, stinking, underground home our
insulted, crushed and ridiculed mouse promptly becomes absorbed in cold,
malignant and, above all, everlasting spite. For forty years together it will
remember its injury down to the smallest, most ignominious details, and every
time will add, of itself, details still more ignominious, spitefully teasing and
tormenting itself with its own imagination. It will itself be ashamed of its
imaginings, but yet it will recall it all, it will go over and over every detail, it will
invent unheard of things against itself, pretending that those things might
happen, and will forgive nothing. Maybe it will begin to revenge itself, too, but,
Thesaurus
ignominious: (adj) dishonorable, injured, huffy. (adj, n) unpleasantness. ANTONYMS:
shameful, disreputable, infamous, nastily: (adv) meanly, offensively, (n) amiability, niceness, goodwill,
base, discreditable, dishonourable, obscenely, sordidly, distastefully, generosity, decency, charity,
inglorious, black, despicable, maliciously, wickedly, repellently, pleasantness, politeness, friendliness.
degrading. ANTONYMS: (adj) vulgarly; (adv, v) foully, filthily. spitefully: (adv) maliciously,
honorable, glorious. ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, malevolently, resentfully,
ignominiously: (adv) disgracefully, kindly, amiably, respectfully, vindictively, viciously, venomously,
shamefully, discreditably, politely, tamely, mercifully, malignantly, meanly, nastily,
dishonorably, scandalously, innocently, agreeably, benevolently. rancorously, hatefully. ANTONYMS:
dishonourably, opprobriously, nastiness: (n) filthiness, foulness, (adv) kindly, friendly, harmoniously,
infamously, basely, vilely, foully. meanness, spite, malice, beastliness, genially, mercifully, benevolently,
insulted: (adj) affronted, offended, dirt, dirtiness, indecency, bitchiness; compassionately, innocently.
as it were, piecemeal, in trivial ways, from behind the stove, incognito, without
believing either in its own right to vengeance, or in the success of its revenge,
knowing that from all its efforts at revenge it will suffer a hundred times more
than he on whom it revenges itself, while he, I daresay, will not even scratch
himself. On its deathbed it will recall it all over again, with interest accumulated
over all the years and ...%
But it is just in that cold, abominable half despair, half belief, in that
conscious burying oneself alive for grief in the underworld for forty years, in
that acutely recognised and yet partly doubtful hopelessness of one's position, in
that hell of unsatisfied desires turned inward, in that fever of oscillations, of
resolutions determined for ever and repented of again a minute later—that the
savour of that strange enjoyment of which I have spoken lies. It is so subtle, so
difficult of analysis, that persons who are a little limited, or even simply persons
of strong nerves, will not understand a single atom of it. "Possibly," you will add
on your own account with a grin, "people will not understand it either who have
never received a slap in the face," and in that way you will politely hint to me
that I, too, perhaps, have had the experience of a slap in the face in my life, and
so I speak as one who knows. I bet that you are thinking that. But set your
minds at rest, gentlemen, I have not received a slap in the face, though it is
absolutely a matter of indifference to me what you may think about it. Possibly,
I even regret, myself, that I have given so few slaps in the face during my life.
But enough ... not another word on that subject of such extreme interest to you.
I will continue calmly concerning persons with strong nerves who do not
understand a certain refinement of enjoyment. Though in certain circumstances
these gentlemen bellow their loudest like bulls, though this, let us suppose, does
them the greatest credit, yet, as I have said already, confronted with the
impossible they subside at once. The impossible means the stone wall! What
stone wall? Why, of course, the laws of nature, the deductions of natural science,
mathematics. As soon as they prove to you, for instance, that you are descended
from a monkey, then it is no use scowling, accept it for a fact. When they prove
to you that in reality one drop of your own fat must be dearer to you than a
Thesaurus
abominable: (adj, v) odious, foul; (adj) burying: (n) entombment, inhumation. collapse, dip, settle. ANTONYMS: (v)
abhorrent, detestable, dreadful, daresay: (v) assume, deem. strengthen, excite.
awful, execrable, terrible, loathsome, descended: (v) extraught. underworld: (n) Hades, Hel,
cursed, wicked. ANTONYMS: (adj) incognito: (adv) incog; (adj) covert, netherworld, infernal region,
nice, lovable, admirable, alluring, secret, nameless, disguised, gangland, inferno, perdition, sin,
appealing, commendable, laudable, undercover, concealed; (n) hereafter, Aidoneus; (adj) infernal.
delightful, desirable, enjoyable, pseudonym. unsatisfied: (adj) dissatisfied,
likable. scowling: (adj) frowning, angry, dire, disgruntled, unsatiated, unsated,
bellow: (n, v) shout, growl, yell, cry, frowny, grim, threatening, ugly, ungratified, restless, discontent,
snarl, scream, howl, call, holler; (v) unfriendly, dark. fidgety, fretful, unsatiable; (v)
bawl; (n) bay. ANTONYMS: (v) subside: (v) diminish, decline, abate, unslaked. ANTONYMS: (adj)
murmur, mutter. lessen, fall, sink, calm, descend, pleased, happy.
hundred thousand of your fellow-creatures, and that this conclusion is the final
solution of all so-called virtues and duties and all such prejudices and fancies,
then you have just to accept it, there is no help for it, for twice two is a law of
mathematics. Just try refuting it.%
"Upon my word, they will shout at you, it is no use protesting: it is a case of
twice two makes four! Nature does not ask your permission, she has nothing to
do with your wishes, and whether you like her laws or dislike them, you are
bound to accept her as she is, and consequently all her conclusions. A wall, you
see, is a wall ... and so on, and so on."
Merciful Heavens! but what do I care for the laws of nature and arithmetic,
when, for some reason I dislike those laws and the fact that twice two makes
four? Of course I cannot break through the wall by battering my head against it
if I really have not the strength to knock it down, but I am not going to be
reconciled to it simply because it is a stone wall and I have not the strength.
As though such a stone wall really were a consolation, and really did contain
some word of conciliation, simply because it is as true as twice two makes four.
Oh, absurdity of absurdities! How much better it is to understand it all, to
recognise it all, all the impossibilities and the stone wall; not to be reconciled to
one of those impossibilities and stone walls if it disgusts you to be reconciled to
it; by the way of the most inevitable, logical combinations to reach the most
revolting conclusions on the everlasting theme, that even for the stone wall you
are yourself somehow to blame, though again it is as clear as day you are not to
blame in the least, and therefore grinding your teeth in silent impotence to sink
into luxurious inertia, brooding on the fact that there is no one even for you to
feel vindictive against, that you have not, and perhaps never will have, an object
for your spite, that it is a sleight of hand, a bit of juggling, a card- sharper's trick,
that it is simply a mess, no knowing what and no knowing who, but in spite of
all these uncertainties and jugglings, still there is an ache in you, and the more
you do not know, the worse the ache.
Thesaurus
battering: (n) batter, beating, combat, beneficent, forgiving. ANTONYMS: pleasant, tasty, delicious, edible,
fighting, fight, whipping, attack, (adj) pitiless, merciless, unforgiving, lovable, delightful, appealing, lovely.
mugging, physical attack, spanking, spiteful, harsh, impatient, severe, sleight: (adj, n) trick; (n) dexterity,
rough treatment. hardhearted. imposture, skill, manual dexterity,
juggling: (n) jugglery, performance, refuting: (n) determination, finding, guile; (adj) facility, knack,
rearrangement, prestidigitation, falsification, debate, falsifying; (adj) proficiency, callidity, competence.
deception, cheating, legerdemain, refutatory. vindictive: (adj) vengeful, malicious,
hocus-pocus; (adj) prestigious, revolting: (adj) offensive, loathsome, revengeful, unforgiving, punitive,
prestigiatory. nasty, foul, detestable, nauseating, malevolent, remorseless, implacable,
merciful: (adj) humane, gracious, nauseous, horrible, hideous, despiteful, vindicative, virulent.
lenient, compassionate, kind, repellent; (adj, v) sickening. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, charitable,
clement, benign, kindly, gentle, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, forgiving, helpful, merciful, tolerant.
IV
"Ha, ha, ha! You will be finding enjoyment in toothache next," you cry, with
a laugh.%
"Well, even in toothache there is enjoyment," I answer. I had toothache for a
whole month and I know there is. In that case, of course, people are not spiteful
in silence, but moan; but they are not candid moans, they are malignant moans,
and the malignancy is the whole point. The enjoyment of the sufferer finds
expression in those moans; if he did not feel enjoyment in them he would not
moan. It is a good example, gentlemen, and I will develop it. Those moans
express in the first place all the aimlessness of your pain, which is so humiliating
to your consciousness; the whole legal system of nature on which you spit
disdainfully, of course, but from which you suffer all the same while she does
not. They express the consciousness that you have no enemy to punish, but that
you have pain; the consciousness that in spite of all possible Wagenheims you
are in complete slavery to your teeth; that if someone wishes it, your teeth will
leave off aching, and if he does not, they will go on aching another three months;
and that finally if you are still contumacious and still protest, all that is left you
for your own gratification is to thrash yourself or beat your wall with your fist as
hard as you can, and absolutely nothing more. Well, these mortal insults, these
jeers on the part of someone unknown, end at last in an enjoyment which
sometimes reaches the highest degree of voluptuousness. I ask you, gentlemen,
Thesaurus
aimlessness: (n) absence of motive, contumeliously, sneeringly, reaches: (n) recess.
inanity. ANTONYMS: (n) arrogantly, insultingly, thrash: (v) flog, whip, beat, pound,
purposefulness, confidence. condescendingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) defeat, whack, lam, drub, baste, lick,
contumacious: (adj) refractory, humbly, hopefully. clobber.
recalcitrant, insubordinate, stubborn, insults: (adj) insulting; (n) abuse, toothache: (v) tic douloureux,
obstinate, defiant, perverse, swearing. torticollis, tormina; (n) aerodontalgia.
rebellious, disobedient, restive, malignancy: (n) malignance, evil, voluptuousness: (n) shapeliness,
wayward. ANTONYMS: (adj) malice, malignity, malevolence, lewdness, lasciviousness,
subordinate, tractable. disease, maliciousness, grudge, curvaceousness, lust, prurience,
disdainfully: (adv) contemptuously, enmity; (adj) carcinoma, leukemia. delicacy, lechery, gratification,
superciliously, haughtily, proudly, ANTONYM: (n) benignity. luxury, fullness.
cavalierly, derogatorily, moans: (adj) moaning.
listen %sometimes to the moans of an educated man of the nineteenth century

suffering from toothache, on the second or third day of the attack, when he is
beginning to moan, not as he moaned on the first day, that is, not simply because
he has toothache, not just as any coarse peasant, but as a man affected by
progress and European civilisation, a man who is "divorced from the soil and the
national elements," as they express it now-a-days. His moans become nasty,
disgustingly malignant, and go on for whole days and nights. And of course he
knows himself that he is doing himself no sort of good with his moans; he knows
better than anyone that he is only lacerating and harassing himself and others for
nothing; he knows that even the audience before whom he is making his efforts,
and his whole family, listen to him with loathing, do not put a ha'porth of faith
in him, and inwardly understand that he might moan differently, more simply,
without trills and flourishes, and that he is only amusing himself like that from
ill-humour, from malignancy. Well, in all these recognitions and disgraces it is
that there lies a voluptuous pleasure. As though he would say: "I am worrying
you, I am lacerating your hearts, I am keeping everyone in the house awake.
Well, stay awake then, you, too, feel every minute that I have toothache. I am
not a hero to you now, as I tried to seem before, but simply a nasty person, an
impostor. Well, so be it, then! I am very glad that you see through me. It is
nasty for you to hear my despicable moans: well, let it be nasty; here I will let
you have a nastier flourish in a minute..." You do not understand even now,
gentlemen? No, it seems our development and our consciousness must go
further to understand all the intricacies of this pleasure. You laugh? Delighted.
My jests, gentlemen, are of course in bad taste, jerky, involved, lacking self-
confidence. But of course that is because I do not respect myself. Can a man of
perception respect himself at all?
Thesaurus
disgustingly: (adv) distastefully, bothering, pestering, tormenting, abhorrence, detestation, nausea,
nauseatingly, sickeningly, foully, worrying, annoy, harass. antipathy, execration. ANTONYMS:
loathsomely, repulsively, vilely, impostor: (n) fraud, cheat, hypocrite, (n) love, adoration, liking, delight,
offensively, repellently, nastily, fake, imposter, sham, charlatan, goodwill.
grossly. ANTONYMS: (adv) deceiver, faker, cheater, pretender. self-confidence: (n) confidence,
appealingly, pleasantly. jerky: (adj) uneven, abrupt, rough, assurance, pride, egoism, effrontery,
flourishes: (n) added extras, unsteady, jerking, arrhythmic, determination, morale.
trappings, superfluities, trimmings, spasmodic, shaky; (n) biltong, jerked voluptuous: (adj) luscious, voluptuary,
accompaniments, additions, meat, meat. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensual, carnal, sybaritic, epicurean,
embellishments. smooth, graceful. buxom, sexy, sensuous, lascivious,
harassing: (adj) troublesome, carking, loathing: (n, v) abomination, aversion, erotic. ANTONYM: (adj)
galling, thorny, vexatious; (v) dislike, distaste; (n) hate, hatred, underdeveloped.
Come, %can a man who attempts to find enjoyment in the very feeling of his
own degradation possibly have a spark of respect for himself? I am not saying
this now from any mawkish kind of remorse. And, indeed, I could never endure
saying, "Forgive me, Papa, I won't do it again," not because I am incapable of
saying that—on the contrary, perhaps just because I have been too capable of it,
and in what a way, too. As though of design I used to get into trouble in cases
when I was not to blame in any way. That was the nastiest part of it. At the
same time I was genuinely touched and penitent, I used to shed tears and, of
course, deceived myself, though I was not acting in the least and there was a sick
feeling in my heart at the time... For that one could not blame even the laws of
nature, though the laws of nature have continually all my life offended me more
than anything. It is loathsome to remember it all, but it was loathsome even
then. Of course, a minute or so later I would realise wrathfully that it was all a
lie, a revolting lie, an affected lie, that is, all this penitence, this emotion, these
vows of reform. You will ask why did I worry myself with such antics: answer,
because it was very dull to sit with one's hands folded, and so one began cutting
capers. That is really it. Observe yourselves more carefully, gentlemen, then
you will understand that it is so. I invented adventures for myself and made up a
life, so as at least to live in some way. How many times it has happened to me—
well, for instance, to take offence simply on purpose, for nothing; and one knows
Thesaurus
adventures: (n) experiences, fortunes, annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed, unashamed, unremorseful.
confessions, journal, life, biography, resentful, injured. ANTONYMS: (adj) remorse: (n) penitence, contrition,
autobiography, personal narrative. indifferent, proud, unconcerned. repentance, regret, guilt, penance,
antics: (n) sport, monkey business. penitence: (n) penance, compunction, sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness,
deceived: (adj) mistaken, misguided. regret, contrition, remorse, rue, compassion. ANTONYM: (n)
mawkish: (adj) maudlin, mushy, sorrow, atonement, grief, expiation, shamelessness.
emotional, flat, slushy, sentimental, contriteness. wrathfully: (adv) furiously, irately,
sappy, bathetic, milk and water, penitent: (adj) contrite, apologetic, wrothly, indignantly, irefully,
mild, drippy. ANTONYMS: (adj) dry, sorry, remorseful, regretful, guilty, ragingly, heatedly, infuriatedly,
unemotional. sorrowful, rueful, penitential; (n) madly, resentfully, very angrily.
offended: (adj) angry, affronted, flagellant, religionist. ANTONYMS: yourselves: (pron) themselves, myself,
aggrieved, pained, wronged, (adj) unrepentant, impenitent, herself.
oneself, %of course, that one is offended at nothing; that one is putting it on, but
yet one brings oneself at last to the point of being really offended. All my life I
have had an impulse to play such pranks, so that in the end I could not control it
in myself. Another time, twice, in fact, I tried hard to be in love. I suffered, too,
gentlemen, I assure you. In the depth of my heart there was no faith in my
suffering, only a faint stir of mockery, but yet I did suffer, and in the real,
orthodox way; I was jealous, beside myself ... and it was all from ennui,
gentlemen, all from ennui; inertia overcame me. You know the direct, legitimate
fruit of consciousness is inertia, that is, conscious sitting-with-the-hands-folded.
I have referred to this already. I repeat, I repeat with emphasis: all "direct"
persons and men of action are active just because they are stupid and limited.
How explain that? I will tell you: in consequence of their limitation they take
immediate and secondary causes for primary ones, and in that way persuade
themselves more quickly and easily than other people do that they have found
an infallible foundation for their activity, and their minds are at ease and you
know that is the chief thing. To begin to act, you know, you must first have your
mind completely at ease and no trace of doubt left in it. Why, how am I, for
example, to set my mind at rest? Where are the primary causes on which I am to
build? Where are my foundations? Where am I to get them from? I exercise
myself in reflection, and consequently with me every primary cause at once
draws after itself another still more primary, and so on to infinity. That is just
the essence of every sort of consciousness and reflection. It must be a case of the
laws of nature again. What is the result of it in the end? Why, just the same.
Remember I spoke just now of vengeance. (I am sure you did not take it in.) I
said that a man revenges himself because he sees justice in it. Therefore he has
found a primary cause, that is, justice. And so he is at rest on all sides, and
consequently he carries out his revenge calmly and successfully, being
persuaded that he is doing a just and honest thing. But I see no justice in it, I find
no sort of virtue in it either, and consequently if I attempt to revenge myself, it is
only out of spite. Spite, of course, might overcome everything, all my doubts,
and so might serve quite successfully in place of a primary cause, precisely
because it is not a cause. But what is to be done if I have not even spite (I began
Thesaurus
doubts: (adj) doubting. infallible: (adj) sure, inevitable, mockery: (n) gibe, jeer, irony, farce,
ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness, positive, inerrable, unfailing, charade, derision, parody, mock,
melancholy, monotony, tediousness, absolute, confident, definite, scorn, imitation, burlesque.
dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy; dependable; (adj, v) unerring; (n) ANTONYM: (n) approval.
(v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n) sterling. ANTONYMS: (adj) fallible, pranks: (n) trouble.
variation, liveliness, enthusiasm, faulty. spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred,
energy, interest. infinity: (n) infinite, immensity, malevolence, rancour, venom, rancor,
inertia: (n) idleness, lethargy, inaction, infiniteness, infinitude, maliciousness, ill will, animosity; (n,
passivity, laziness, inertness, boundlessness, immutability, glory, v) pique. ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n)
indolence, apathy, lassitude, languor, greatness, holiness, forever, benevolence, goodwill, love,
inactiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) perpetuity. ANTONYM: (n) affection, harmony.
energy, activity, activeness. limitedness. suffered: (adj) permitted, permissive.
with %that just now, you know). In consequence again of those accursed laws of
consciousness, anger in me is subject to chemical disintegration. You look into
it, the object flies off into air, your reasons evaporate, the criminal is not to be
found, the wrong becomes not a wrong but a phantom, something like the
toothache, for which no one is to blame, and consequently there is only the same
outlet left again—that is, to beat the wall as hard as you can. So you give it up
with a wave of the hand because you have not found a fundamental cause. And
try letting yourself be carried away by your feelings, blindly, without reflection,
without a primary cause, repelling consciousness at least for a time; hate or love,
if only not to sit with your hands folded. The day after tomorrow, at the latest,
you will begin despising yourself for having knowingly deceived yourself.
Result: a soap-bubble and inertia. Oh, gentlemen, do you know, perhaps I
consider myself an intelligent man, only because all my life I have been able
neither to begin nor to finish anything. Granted I am a babbler, a harmless
vexatious babbler, like all of us. But what is to be done if the direct and sole
vocation of every intelligent man is babble, that is, the intentional pouring of
water through a sieve?
Thesaurus
babbler: (n) gossip, chatterbox, vaporize, concentrate, pass; (n) mop, separate, broom; (n, v) sift; (n)
cackler, talker, prater, chatterer, vapor; (adj, v) fade. ANTONYMS: (v) strainer, sifter, colander.
tattler, jay, oscine, blab, magpie. appear, wet, dampen, soak, drench. vexatious: (adj) annoying, pesky,
despising: (n) despisal, contempt, phantom: (n, v) apparition, phantasm, troublesome, tiresome, galling,
despisement; (adj) disdainful. vision, phantasma; (n) spectre, irritating, untoward, thorny,
disintegration: (n) decomposition, specter, appearance, shade, shadow, burdensome, pestiferous, vexing.
decay, breakdown, annihilation, wraith, spirit. ANTONYMS: (adj) aiding, assisting,
breakup, dissolution, decline, repelling: (adj) offensive, repellant, helpful, soothing.
dissipation, demolition, putrefaction; repellent, loathsome, disgusting, vocation: (n, v) calling, profession,
(adj) comminution. repel, severe, repulsion, powerful, employment; (n) occupation, job,
evaporate: (v) disappear, dissolve, wicked, yucky. trade, business, career, line, mission,
dissipate, dry, melt away, exhale, sieve: (v) filter, riddle, strain, shovel, line of work.
VI
Oh, %if I had done nothing simply from laziness! Heavens, how I should
have respected myself, then. I should have respected myself because I should at
least have been capable of being lazy; there would at least have been one quality,
as it were, positive in me, in which I could have believed myself. Question:
What is he? Answer: A sluggard; how very pleasant it would have been to hear
that of oneself! It would mean that I was positively defined, it would mean that
there was something to say about me. "Sluggard"—why, it is a calling and
vocation, it is a career. Do not jest, it is so. I should then be a member of the best
club by right, and should find my occupation in continually respecting myself. I
knew a gentleman who prided himself all his life on being a connoisseur of
Lafitte. He considered this as his positive virtue, and never doubted himself. He
died, not simply with a tranquil, but with a triumphant conscience, and he was
quite right, too. Then I should have chosen a career for myself, I should have
been a sluggard and a glutton, not a simple one, but, for instance, one with
sympathies for everything sublime and beautiful. How do you like that? I have
long had visions of it. That "sublime and beautiful" weighs heavily on my mind
at forty But that is at forty; then—oh, then it would have been different! I should
have found for myself a form of activity in keeping with it, to be precise,
drinking to the health of everything "sublime and beautiful." I should have
snatched at every opportunity to drop a tear into my glass and then to drain it to
Thesaurus
connoisseur: (n) critic, authority, lethargy, inactiveness, faineance, sublime: (adj, v) majestic; (adj)
specialist, expert, cognoscenti, lassitude, dreaminess. ANTONYMS: dignified, grand, lofty, magnificent,
savant, scholar, gourmet, arbiter, (n) diligence, willingness, vigor, elevated, noble, exalted, glorious; (v)
epicurean; (v) judge. ANTONYMS: liveliness, interest. sacred, sublimate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
(n) dabbler, tyro. respecting: (prep) about, regarding, poor, ridiculous.
glutton: (n) wolverine, gormandizer, apropos, as regards, pertaining to; tranquil: (adj, v) quiet, unruffled,
devourer, feeder, trencherman, (adj) relative, not absolute, smooth; (adj, n) peaceful; (adj) placid,
cormorant, gourmand, eater, Gulo pertaining, referring, loving. still, serene, sedate, collected,
Gulo, mustelid; (adj) voracious. sluggard: (n) loafer, idler, slugabed, composed, equable. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYM: (n) Dieter. slacker, layabout, lazybones; (n, v) (adj) noisy, tense, agitated, anxious,
laziness: (n) indolence, acedia, drone; (v) loiterer, lingerer, lag; (adj) troubled, bustling, loud, perturbed,
inactivity, inertia, sloth, slowness, sluggish. frenetic, moving, bothered.
all that is "sublime and beautiful." I should then have turned everything into the
sublime and the beautiful; in the nastiest, unquestionable trash, I should have
sought out the sublime and the beautiful. I should have exuded tears like a wet
sponge. An artist, for instance, paints a picture worthy of Gay. At once I drink
to the health of the artist who painted the picture worthy of Gay, because I love
all that is "sublime and beautiful." An author has written as you will: at once I
drink to the health of "anyone you will" because I love all that is "sublime and
beautiful."%
I should claim respect for doing so. I should persecute anyone who would
not show me respect. I should live at ease, I should die with dignity, why, it is
charming, perfectly charming! And what a good round belly I should have
grown, what a treble chin I should have established, what a ruby nose I should
have coloured for myself, so that everyone would have said, looking at me:
"Here is an asset! Here is something real and solid!" And, say what you like, it is
very agreeable to hear such remarks about oneself in this negative age.
Thesaurus
agreeable: (adj) accordant, nice, sweet, beset; (adj, v) oppress; (adj) aggrieve. treble: (adj) threefold, ternary, triplex,
consistent, suitable, amusing, ANTONYMS: (v) comfort, support. thribble, double, dual, high, voce di
enjoyable, affable; (adj, v) pleasant, ruby: (adj, n) red, crimson; (adj) jewel, testa, shrill; (adj, v) triple; (v) sing.
desirable; (adj, n) acceptable. ruddy, scarlet, diamond, pearl, unquestionable: (adj) incontrovertible,
ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable, precious stone, bijou; (n) carbuncle, indisputable, sure, incontestable,
discordant, unpleasant, nasty, deep red. indubitable, certain, unequivocal,
unwilling, resistant, aggressive, trash: (n) rubbish, litter, scum, irrefutable, undoubted, definite; (v)
repugnant, averse, stubborn, garbage, refuse, rubble, debris; (n, v) unimpeachable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unacceptable. scrap, junk; (v) destroy; (adj, n) dubious, uncertain, doubtful,
paints: (n) colors. trumpery. ANTONYMS: (n) indefinite, tenuous, provisional,
persecute: (v) molest, chase, badger, valuables, sense, possessions, assets, debatable, disputable.
harry, follow, plague, bait, afflict, fact; (v) renovate, conserve.
VII
But %these are all golden dreams. Oh, tell me, who was it first announced,
who was it first proclaimed, that man only does nasty things because he does not
know his own interests; and that if he were enlightened, if his eyes were opened
to his real normal interests, man would at once cease to do nasty things, would at
once become good and noble because, being enlightened and understanding his
real advantage, he would see his own advantage in the good and nothing else,
and we all know that not one man can, consciously, act against his own interests,
consequently, so to say, through necessity, he would begin doing good? Oh, the
babe! Oh, the pure, innocent child! Why, in the first place, when in all these
thousands of years has there been a time when man has acted only from his own
interest? What is to be done with the millions of facts that bear witness that men,
consciously, that is fully understanding their real interests, have left them in the
background and have rushed headlong on another path, to meet peril and
danger, compelled to this course by nobody and by nothing, but, as it were,
simply disliking the beaten track, and have obstinately, wilfully, struck out
another difficult, absurd way, seeking it almost in the darkness. So, I suppose,
this obstinacy and perversity were pleasanter to them than any advantage...
Advantage! What is advantage? And will you take it upon yourself to define
with perfect accuracy in what the advantage of man consists? And what if it so
happens that a man's advantage, sometimes, not only may, but even must, consist
Thesaurus
babe: (n) infant, baby, chick, sweetie, considered; (adv) carefully. perversity: (n) perverseness,
suckling, nursling, child, newborn, obstinacy: (n) stubbornness, firmness, cussedness, evil, perversion,
chit, girl, darling. ANTONYMS: (n) bullheadedness, determination, willfulness, unruliness, corruption,
grownup, adult, adolescent. contumacy, mulishness, impenitence, wilfulness, depravity; (adj)
disliking: (adj) averse, disinclined; (n) resolve, resoluteness, impenitency, contumacy, spinosity.
aversion, disfavor, dissatisfaction, pertinacity. ANTONYMS: (n) proclaimed: (adj) announced,
disinclination, displeasure, distaste. cooperation, compliance. indictive, declared publicly.
headlong: (adj, adv) headfirst; (adv) obstinately: (adv) obdurately, wilfully: (adv) willfully, designedly,
directly, hastily, precipitately; (adj) mulishly, persistently, perversely, deliberately, knowingly, frowardly,
rash, hurried, desperate, precipitous, doggedly, refractorily, unyieldingly, headstrongly, consciously,
impetuous, sudden, precipitate. willfully, pigheadedly, waywardly, stubbornly, purposefully,
ANTONYMS: (adj) cautiously, firmly. ANTONYM: (adv) helpfully. persistently, on purpose.
in %his desiring in certain cases what is harmful to himself and not

advantageous. And if so, if there can be such a case, the whole principle falls
into dust. What do you think—are there such cases? You laugh; laugh away,
gentlemen, but only answer me: have man's advantages been reckoned up with
perfect certainty? Are there not some which not only have not been included but
cannot possibly be included under any classification? You see, you gentlemen
have, to the best of my knowledge, taken your whole register of human
advantages from the averages of statistical figures and politico-economical
formulas. Your advantages are prosperity, wealth, freedom, peace—and so on,
and so on. So that the man who should, for instance, go openly and knowingly
in opposition to all that list would to your thinking, and indeed mine, too, of
course, be an obscurantist or an absolute madman: would not he? But, you
know, this is what is surprising: why does it so happen that all these statisticians,
sages and lovers of humanity, when they reckon up human advantages
invariably leave out one? They don't even take it into their reckoning in the
form in which it should be taken, and the whole reckoning depends upon that. It
would be no greater matter, they would simply have to take it, this advantage,
and add it to the list. But the trouble is, that this strange advantage does not fall
under any classification and is not in place in any list. I have a friend for instance
... Ech! gentlemen, but of course he is your friend, too; and indeed there is no
one, no one to whom he is not a friend! When he prepares for any undertaking
this gentleman immediately explains to you, elegantly and clearly, exactly how
he must act in accordance with the laws of reason and truth. What is more, he
will talk to you with excitement and passion of the true normal interests of man;
with irony he will upbraid the short- sighted fools who do not understand their
own interests, nor the true significance of virtue; and, within a quarter of an
hour, without any sudden outside provocation, but simply through something
inside him which is stronger than all his interests, he will go off on quite a
different tack—that is, act in direct opposition to what he has just been saying
about himself, in opposition to the laws of reason, in opposition to his own
advantage, in fact in opposition to everything ... I warn you that my friend is a
compound personality and therefore it is difficult to blame him as an individual.
Thesaurus
accordance: (n) harmony, agreement, awkwardly, vigorously. loony, nut, madcap, looney, loco,
conformity, unison, concordance, falls: (n) cataract, waterfall, chute, sufferer, raver, nutcase.
coincidence, accordancy, admission, angel, torrent, Victoria, twin, force, obscurantist: (n) trickster, deceiver,
fitness, consensus, concent. body of water, Guaira, Niagara. doctrinaire, cheater; (adj) obscurant.
desiring: (adj) envious, insatiable, knowingly: (adj, adv, v) wittingly; ANTONYM: (n) dilettante.
desirous, eager; (adv) fleshly. (adv) intentionally, consciously, reckoning: (n) calculation,
elegantly: (adv) exquisitely, tastefully, designedly, shrewdly, on purpose, computation, bill, score, computing,
genteelly, neatly, delicately, purposely, wisely, wilfully, liquidation, clearance; (n, v) count,
handsomely, finely, stylishly, ingeniously; (adv, v) by design. enumeration, account, estimation.
refinedly, polishedly, beautifully. ANTONYMS: (adv) accidentally, upbraid: (v) rebuke, censure, blame,
ANTONYMS: (adv) coarsely, unintentionally, unwittingly, openly. scold, chide, reprimand, condemn,
clumsily, tastelessly, untidily, madman: (n) bedlamite, maniac, crazy, berate, objurgate, rate; (n, v) revile.
The fact is, gentlemen, %it seems there must really exist something that is dearer
to almost every man than his greatest advantages, or (not to be illogical) there is
a most advantageous advantage (the very one omitted of which we spoke just
now) which is more important and more advantageous than all other
advantages, for the sake of which a man if necessary is ready to act in opposition
to all laws; that is, in opposition to reason, honour, peace, prosperity—in fact, in
opposition to all those excellent and useful things if only he can attain that
fundamental, most advantageous advantage which is dearer to him than all.
"Yes, but it's advantage all the same," you will retort. But excuse me, I'll make
the point clear, and it is not a case of playing upon words. What matters is, that
this advantage is remarkable from the very fact that it breaks down all our
classifications, and continually shatters every system constructed by lovers of
mankind for the benefit of mankind. In fact, it upsets everything. But before I
mention this advantage to you, I want to compromise myself personally, and
therefore I boldly declare that all these fine systems, all these theories for
explaining to mankind their real normal interests, in order that inevitably
striving to pursue these interests they may at once become good and noble—are,
in my opinion, so far, mere logical exercises! Yes, logical exercises. Why, to
maintain this theory of the regeneration of mankind by means of the pursuit of
his own advantage is to my mind almost the same thing ... as to affirm, for
instance, following Buckle, that through civilisation mankind becomes softer,
and consequently less bloodthirsty and less fitted for warfare. Logically it does
seem to follow from his arguments. But man has such a predilection for systems
and abstract deductions that he is ready to distort the truth intentionally, he is
ready to deny the evidence of his senses only to justify his logic. I take this
example because it is the most glaring instance of it. Only look about you: blood
is being spilt in streams, and in the merriest way, as though it were champagne.
Take the whole of the nineteenth century in which Buckle lived. Take
Napoleon—the Great and also the present one. Take North America—the eternal
union. Take the farce of Schleswig-Holstein... And what is it that civilisation
softens in us? The only gain of civilisation for mankind is the greater capacity for
variety of sensations—and absolutely nothing more. And through the
Thesaurus
affirm: (v) prove, assert, declare, farce: (n) comedy, travesty, joke, consistent.
protest, avow, maintain, approve, mockery, sham, play, charade, intentionally: (adv) deliberately,
accept, assure, profess, promise. caricature, dressing, forcemeat, advisedly, consciously, purposely, on
ANTONYMS: (v) negate, veto, buffoonery. ANTONYMS: (n) purpose, knowingly, willfully,
nullify, refute, repress. tragedy, drama. studiedly, expressly, purposefully,
bloodthirsty: (adj) murderous, brutal, illogical: (adj) unreasonable, intendedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
bloody, barbarous, cruel, savage, inconsistent, confused, disjointed, accidentally, innocently.
fierce, ferocious, violent, disconnected, fallacious, incoherent, predilection: (n) penchant, preference,
slaughterous, sanguineous. senseless, inconsequent, partiality, inclination, bent,
ANTONYM: (adj) pleasant. preposterous, irrational. weakness, predisposition, liking,
classifications: (n) sorting, ANTONYMS: (adj) rational, sensible, fondness, bias, taste. ANTONYMS:
categorization, classification. valid, coherent, reasonable, (n) indifference, horror.
development of this many- sidedness man %may come to finding enjoyment in

bloodshed. In fact, this has already happened to him. Have you noticed that it is
the most civilised gentlemen who have been the subtlest slaughterers, to whom
the Attilas and Stenka Razins could not hold a candle, and if they are not so
conspicuous as the Attilas and Stenka Razins it is simply because they are so
often met with, are so ordinary and have become so familiar to us. In any case
civilisation has made mankind if not more bloodthirsty, at least more vilely,
more loathsomely bloodthirsty. In old days he saw justice in bloodshed and
with his conscience at peace exterminated those he thought proper. Now we do
think bloodshed abominable and yet we engage in this abomination, and with
more energy than ever. Which is worse? Decide that for yourselves. They say
that Cleopatra (excuse an instance from Roman history) was fond of sticking
gold pins into her slave-girls' breasts and derived gratification from their screams
and writhings. You will say that that was in the comparatively barbarous times;
that these are barbarous times too, because also, comparatively speaking, pins
are stuck in even now; that though man has now learned to see more clearly than
in barbarous ages, he is still far from having learnt to act as reason and science
would dictate. But yet you are fully convinced that he will be sure to learn when
he gets rid of certain old bad habits, and when common sense and science have
completely re-educated human nature and turned it in a normal direction. You
are confident that then man will cease from intentional error and will, so to say,
be compelled not to want to set his will against his normal interests. That is not
all; then, you say, science itself will teach man (though to my mind it's a
superfluous luxury) that he never has really had any caprice or will of his own,
and that he himself is something of the nature of a piano-key or the stop of an
organ, and that there are, besides, things called the laws of nature; so that
everything he does is not done by his willing it, but is done of itself, by the laws
of nature. Consequently we have only to discover these laws of nature, and man
will no longer have to answer for his actions and life will become exceedingly
easy for him. All human actions will then, of course, be tabulated according to
these laws, mathematically, like tables of logarithms up to 108,000, and entered
in an index; or, better still, there would be published certain edifying works of
Thesaurus
abomination: (n) abhorrence, correspondingly, accordingly. destroyed completely, lost, wiped
revulsion, atrocity, hatred, caprice: (n) fancy, fantasy, humor, out, annihilated.
detestation, execration, hate, quirk, freak, notion, impulse, fit, loathsomely: (adv) revoltingly,
loathing, repugnance, outrage, capriccio, fad, vagary. ANTONYMS: repulsively, disgustingly,
aversion. ANTONYMS: (n) (n) plan, strategy, blueprint, reality. sickeningly, nauseously,
adoration, affection, appreciation, edifying: (adj) enlightening, didactic, nauseatingly, repellently,
approval, benefit, delight, esteem, instructive, educational, repugnantly, offensively,
gratification, joy, kindness, blessing. advantageous, rewarding, benignant, abhorrently, awfully.
according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, improving, profitable, illuminating, vilely: (adv) dirtily, wickedly, meanly,
equal, agreeable, harmonious, helpful. ANTONYM: (adj) foully, disgustingly, grossly,
conformable, consistent, unedifying. sordidly, worthlessly, infamously,
corresponding, respondent; (adv) exterminated: (adj) broken, extinct, nauseatingly, revoltingly.
the nature of encyclopaedic lexicons, in which everything will be so clearly

calculated and explained that there will be no more incidents or adventures in
the world.%
Then—this is all what you say—new economic relations will be established,
all ready-made and worked out with mathematical exactitude, so that every
possible question will vanish in the twinkling of an eye, simply because every
possible answer to it will be provided. Then the "Palace of Crystal" will be built.
Then ... In fact, those will be halcyon days. Of course there is no guaranteeing
(this is my comment) that it will not be, for instance, frightfully dull then (for
what will one have to do when everything will be calculated and tabulated), but
on the other hand everything will be extraordinarily rational. Of course
boredom may lead you to anything. It is boredom sets one sticking golden pins
into people, but all that would not matter. What is bad (this is my comment
again) is that I dare say people will be thankful for the gold pins then. Man is
stupid, you know, phenomenally stupid; or rather he is not at all stupid, but he
is so ungrateful that you could not find another like him in all creation. I, for
instance, would not be in the least surprised if all of a sudden, a propos of
nothing, in the midst of general prosperity a gentleman with an ignoble, or
rather with a reactionary and ironical, countenance were to arise and, putting his
arms akimbo, say to us all: "I say, gentleman, hadn't we better kick over the
whole show and scatter rationalism to the winds, simply to send these
logarithms to the devil, and to enable us to live once more at our own sweet
foolish will!" That again would not matter, but what is annoying is that he would
be sure to find followers—such is the nature of man. And all that for the most
foolish reason, which, one would think, was hardly worth mentioning: that is,
that man everywhere and at all times, whoever he may be, has preferred to act as
he chose and not in the least as his reason and advantage dictated. And one may
choose what is contrary to one's own interests, and sometimes one positively
ought (that is my idea). One's own free unfettered choice, one's own caprice,
however wild it may be, one's own fancy worked up at times to frenzy—is that
very "most advantageous advantage" which we have overlooked, which comes
under no classification and against which all systems and theories are
Thesaurus
akimbo: (adj) geniculated, knock dreadfully, fearfully, hideously, ironical: (adj) sarcastic, satirical, dry,
kneed, crinkled; (n) knuckle, fluke, terribly, gruesomely, terrifically, burlesque, wry, sardonic, satiric,
kimbo, crane, groin, crotch, knee, atrociously, horrendously, awful. derisive, caustic, quizzical; (n)
zigzag. halcyon: (adj) calm, peaceful, humorous.
encyclopaedic: (adj) comprehensive. untroubled, tranquil, happy, quiet, phenomenally: (adv) extraordinarily,
exactitude: (n) precision, exactness, auspicious, prosperous, golden; (v) singularly, amazingly, remarkably,
correctness, punctuality, fidelity, pacific; (n) alcyon. wonderfully, unusually,
trueness, truth, veracity, rigor, ignoble: (adj) contemptible, abject, prodigiously, astoundingly,
thoroughness, promptitude. base, dishonorable, disgraceful, astonishingly, rarely, fantasticly.
ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness, beggarly, mean, humble, degraded, pins: (v) feet, legs, pegs, trotters.
inaccuracy, inexactness. despicable, caddish. ANTONYMS: ready-made: (adj) reach-me-down,
frightfully: (adv) awfully, ghastly, (adj) honorable, glorious. trite.
continually being shattered to atoms. And how do these wiseacres know that
man wants a normal, a %virtuous choice? What has made them conceive that
man must want a rationally advantageous choice? What man wants is simply
independent choice, whatever that independence may cost and wherever it may
lead. And choice, of course, the devil only knows what choice.
Thesaurus
advantageous: (adj) expedient, useful, invent, catch. ANTONYMS: (v) illogically, emotionally, foolishly,
auspicious, helpful, gainful, destroy, doubt, misunderstand, unconvincingly, unreasonably.
serviceable, convenient, lucky, question, ruin. shattered: (adj) destroyed, smashed,
worthwhile, beneficial; (adj, v) devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost, done in, crazy, shaky, crushed; (adj,
profitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub, v) exhausted; (v) battered, dead beat,
useless, disadvantageous, deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag. done up, lame. ANTONYMS: (adj)
detrimental, unhelpful, unfortunate, ANTONYM: (n) angel. fresh, energetic, lively, whole, strong.
inauspicious, worthless, unpleasant. rationally: (adv) logically, sanely, wants: (n) need, necessities.
atoms: (n) smithereens, Smither. judiciously, wisely, coherently, wherever: (adv) anywhere,
conceive: (v) think, imagine, sagaciously, lucidly, justly, wheresoever, everywhere, where'er;
comprehend, design, apprehend, reasonably, sensibly, practically. (n) anyplace.
realize, discover, cogitate, appreciate, ANTONYMS: (adv) irrationally,
VIII
"Ha! ha! ha! But you know there is no such thing as choice in reality, say
what you like," you will interpose with a chuckle. "Science has succeeded in so
far analysing man that we know already that choice and what is called freedom
of will is nothing else than—"%
Stay, gentlemen, I meant to begin with that myself I confess, I was rather
frightened. I was just going to say that the devil only knows what choice
depends on, and that perhaps that was a very good thing, but I remembered the
teaching of science ... and pulled myself up. And here you have begun upon it.
Indeed, if there really is some day discovered a formula for all our desires and
caprices—that is, an explanation of what they depend upon, by what laws they
arise, how they develop, what they are aiming at in one case and in another and
so on, that is a real mathematical formula—then, most likely, man will at once
cease to feel desire, indeed, he will be certain to. For who would want to choose
by rule? Besides, he will at once be transformed from a human being into an
organ-stop or something of the sort; for what is a man without desires, without
free will and without choice, if not a stop in an organ? What do you think? Let
us reckon the chances—can such a thing happen or not?
"H'm!" you decide. "Our choice is usually mistaken from a false view of our
advantage. We sometimes choose absolute nonsense because in our foolishness
Thesaurus
begun: (adj) present. ANTONYMS: (v) suppress, hide, false, misguided, inaccurate,
cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit, dispute, conceal, repress, harbor. fallacious, untrue, misleading,
terminate, break, break off, close, desires: (n) requirements, needs. confused, improper, error.
conclude, discontinue, abstain. interpose: (v) interject, insert, ANTONYMS: (adj) accurate, wise,
ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start, interpolate, intercede, intervene, right.
commence, persist, stay. meddle, intrude, tamper, step in, butt organ: (n) instrument, member, limb,
chuckle: (n, v) snicker, snigger, giggle, in; (adj, v) intermeddle. apparatus, harmonium, agency, part,
chortle, titter, crow; (v) chuck, laugh, laws: (n) Pentateuch, Torah. mechanism, medium, means, journal.
cackle, exult; (n) laughter. meant: (adj) destined, implied, sincere, teaching: (n) education, instruction,
confess: (adj, v) own, allow, admit, preordained, intentional, indoctrination, precept, pedagogy,
avow; (v) concede, profess, recognize, predestined; (v) intend, designate. schooling, doctrine, training, lesson,
divulge, disclose, reveal, receive. mistaken: (adj) wrong, erroneous, advice, tuition.
we see in that nonsense the easiest means for attaining a supposed advantage.
But when all that is explained and worked out on paper (which is perfectly
possible, for it is contemptible and senseless to suppose that some laws of
nature man will never understand), then certainly so-called desires will no
longer exist. For if a desire should come into conflict with reason we shall then
reason and not desire, because it will be impossible retaining our reason to be
senseless in our desires, and in that way knowingly act against reason and desire
to injure ourselves. And as all choice and reasoning can be really calculated—
because there will some day be discovered the laws of our so-called free will—so,
joking apart, there may one day be something like a table constructed of them, so
that we really shall choose in accordance with it. If, for instance, some day they
calculate and prove to me that I made a long nose at someone because I could not
help making a long nose at him and that I had to do it in that particular way,
what freedom is left me, especially if I am a learned man and have taken my
degree somewhere? Then I should be able to calculate my whole life for thirty
years beforehand. In short, if this could be arranged there would be nothing left
for us to do; anyway, we should have to understand that. And, in fact, we ought
unwearyingly to repeat to ourselves that at such and such a time and in such
and such circumstances nature does not ask our leave; that we have got to take
her as she is and not fashion her to suit our fancy, and if we really aspire to
formulas and tables of rules, and well, even ... to the chemical retort, there's no
help for it, we must accept the retort too, or else it will be accepted without our
consent..."%
Yes, but here I come to a stop! Gentlemen, you must excuse me for being
over-philosophical; it's the result of forty years underground! Allow me to
indulge my fancy. You see, gentlemen, reason is an excellent thing, there's no
disputing that, but reason is nothing but reason and satisfies only the rational
side of man's nature, while will is a manifestation of the whole life, that is, of the
whole human life including reason and all the impulses. And although our life,
in this manifestation of it, is often worthless, yet it is life and not simply
extracting square roots. Here I, for instance, quite naturally want to live, in order
to satisfy all my capacities for life, and not simply my capacity for reasoning, that
Thesaurus
aspire: (v) aim, lust, hanker, crave, commendable, good. worthwhile.
plan, hope, want, rise, purpose, wish, injure: (n, v) damage, harm, impair; unwearyingly: (adv) tirelessly,
long. ANTONYM: (v) wallow. (v) contuse, disfigure, maim, bruise, patiently, uncomplainingly,
attaining: (v) attain, achieve; (n) blemish, wound, insult; (adj, v) abuse. tolerantly.
attainment. ANTONYMS: (v) heal, enable, repair, worked: (adj) elaborated, beaten.
contemptible: (adj) abject, mean, base, protect, help. worthless: (adj, v) futile, vain; (adj)
pitiful, little, worthless, unworthy, senseless: (adj) foolish, mindless, vile, idle, empty, trifling, void, trivial,
miserable, ignoble, abominable, preposterous, pointless, irrational, cheap, miserable, null. ANTONYMS:
shameful. ANTONYMS: (adj) absurd, stupid, insensible, idiotic, (adj) precious, useful, worthwhile,
estimable, admired, deserving, fatuous, purposeless. ANTONYMS: priceless, meaningful, helpful,
worthy, honorable, respectable, (adj) meaningful, wise, conscious, invaluable, deserving, valid, worthy,
respectful, noble, generous, provoked, prudent, useful, substantial.
is, not simply one twentieth of my capacity for life. What does reason know?
Reason %only knows what it has succeeded in learning (some things, perhaps, it
will never learn; this is a poor comfort, but why not say so frankly?) and human
nature acts as a whole, with everything that is in it, consciously or unconsciously,
and, even if it goes wrong, it lives. I suspect, gentlemen, that you are looking at
me with compassion; you tell me again that an enlightened and developed man,
such, in short, as the future man will be, cannot consciously desire anything
disadvantageous to himself, that that can be proved mathematically. I
thoroughly agree, it can—by mathematics. But I repeat for the hundredth time,
there is one case, one only, when man may consciously, purposely, desire what is
injurious to himself, what is stupid, very stupid—simply in order to have the
right to desire for himself even what is very stupid and not to be bound by an
obligation to desire only what is sensible. Of course, this very stupid thing, this
caprice of ours, may be in reality, gentlemen, more advantageous for us than
anything else on earth, especially in certain cases. And in particular it may be
more advantageous than any advantage even when it does us obvious harm, and
contradicts the soundest conclusions of our reason concerning our advantage—
for in any circumstances it preserves for us what is most precious and most
important—that is, our personality, our individuality. Some, you see, maintain
that this really is the most precious thing for mankind; choice can, of course, if it
chooses, be in agreement with reason; and especially if this be not abused but
kept within bounds. It is profitable and sometimes even praiseworthy. But very
often, and even most often, choice is utterly and stubbornly opposed to reason ...
and ... and ... do you know that that, too, is profitable, sometimes even
praiseworthy? Gentlemen, let us suppose that man is not stupid. (Indeed one
cannot refuse to suppose that, if only from the one consideration, that, if man is
stupid, then who is wise?) But if he is not stupid, he is monstrously ungrateful!
Phenomenally ungrateful. In fact, I believe that the best definition of man is the
ungrateful biped. But that is not all, that is not his worst defect; his worst defect
is his perpetual moral obliquity, perpetual—from the days of the Flood to the
Schleswig-Holstein period. Moral obliquity and consequently lack of good
sense; for it has long been accepted that lack of good sense is due to no other
Thesaurus
biped: (adj, n) bipedal, human; (n) destructive, bad, disadvantageous, slope, depravity, asynclitism,
creature, brute, fauna, animate being, detrimental, adverse, deleterious, meretriciousness, deceptiveness,
beast. inimical, damaging. ANTONYMS: grade, deviousness; (adj) pollution,
disadvantageous: (adj) adverse, (adj) healing, favorable, healthy, pravity.
harmful, damaging, unfavorable, helpful, advantageous, beneficial. praiseworthy: (adj, v) laudable; (adj)
inconvenient, prejudicial, monstrously: (adv) grotesquely, admirable, meritorious, worthy,
unfavourable, injurious, inimical, enormously, hideously, horridly, creditable, good, deserving,
inopportune, inexpedient. stupendously, inordinately, honorable, applaudable, exemplary;
ANTONYMS: (adj) favorable, exorbitantly, monumentally, (adj, n) excellent. ANTONYMS: (adj)
beneficial, helpful, opportune, prodigiously; (adj, adv) blameworthy, disgraceful,
desirable. preposterously, immoderately. despicable, dishonorable, poor,
injurious: (adj) evil, harmful, hurtful, obliquity: (n) inclination, crookedness, unworthy.
cause than moral obliquity. Put it to the test and cast your eyes upon the history
of %mankind. What will you see? Is it a grand spectacle? Grand, if you like.
Take the Colossus of Rhodes, for instance, that's worth something. With good
reason Mr. Anaevsky testifies of it that some say that it is the work of man's
hands, while others maintain that it has been created by nature herself. Is it
many-coloured? May be it is many-coloured, too: if one takes the dress
uniforms, military and civilian, of all peoples in all ages—that alone is worth
something, and if you take the undress uniforms you will never get to the end of
it; no historian would be equal to the job. Is it monotonous? May be it's
monotonous too: it's fighting and fighting; they are fighting now, they fought
first and they fought last—you will admit, that it is almost too monotonous. In
short, one may say anything about the history of the world—anything that might
enter the most disordered imagination. The only thing one can't say is that it's
rational. The very word sticks in one's throat. And, indeed, this is the odd thing
that is continually happening: there are continually turning up in life moral and
rational persons, sages and lovers of humanity who make it their object to live all
their lives as morally and rationally as possible, to be, so to speak, a light to their
neighbours simply in order to show them that it is possible to live morally and
rationally in this world. And yet we all know that those very people sooner or
later have been false to themselves, playing some queer trick, often a most
unseemly one. Now I ask you: what can be expected of man since he is a being
endowed with strange qualities? Shower upon him every earthly blessing,
drown him in a sea of happiness, so that nothing but bubbles of bliss can be seen
on the surface; give him economic prosperity, such that he should have nothing
else to do but sleep, eat cakes and busy himself with the continuation of his
species, and even then out of sheer ingratitude, sheer spite, man would play you
some nasty trick. He would even risk his cakes and would deliberately desire
the most fatal rubbish, the most uneconomical absurdity, simply to introduce
into all this positive good sense his fatal fantastic element. It is just his fantastic
dreams, his vulgar folly that he will desire to retain, simply in order to prove to
himself—as though that were so necessary—that men still are men and not the
keys of a piano, which the laws of nature threaten to control so completely that
Thesaurus
disordered: (adj) chaotic, upset, sick, monotonic; (adj, v) dry, uninteresting, useless, ineffective, not paying, inept,
disorganized, broken, incoherent, stupid. ANTONYMS: (adj) exciting, unproductive. ANTONYM: (adj)
deranged, messy, disjointed, varied, stimulating, lively, exotic, efficient.
disconnected, ill. ANTONYMS: (adj) enthralling, brilliant, flexible. unseemly: (adj) indecent, unbecoming,
neat, ordered, organized, arranged, undress: (v) strip, unclothe, divest, indelicate, inappropriate, gross,
quiet, regulated, systematic, discase, doff, unrobe, strip down, impolite, unbefitting; (adj, v)
systematized, straightforward, tidy. uncase; (n) dishabille, disarray, indecorous; (adj, adv) uncomely; (adv)
ingratitude: (n) oblivion of benefits, morning dress. ANTONYMS: (v) indecently, unbecomingly.
thanklessness, ungratefulness, dress, clothe. ANTONYMS: (adj) proper,
feeling. ANTONYM: (n) gratitude. uneconomical: (adj) uneconomic, appropriate, dignified, due, fitting,
monotonous: (adj) dull, flat, boring, improvident, disorganized, polite, suitable, correct, decent,
dreary, tedious, insipid, monotone, expensive, extravagant, incompetent, sensitive.
soon one will be able to desire nothing but by the calendar. And that is not all:
even if man really were nothing but a piano-key, even if this were proved to him
by natural science and mathematics, even then he would not become reasonable,
but would purposely do something perverse out of simple ingratitude, simply to
gain his point. And if he does not find means he will contrive destruction and
chaos, will contrive sufferings of all sorts, only to gain his point! He will launch
a curse upon the world, and as only man can curse (it is his privilege, the
primary distinction between him and other animals), may be by his curse alone
he will attain his object—that is, convince himself that he is a man and not a
piano-key! If you say that all this, too, can be calculated and tabulated—chaos
and darkness and curses, so that the mere possibility of calculating it all
beforehand would stop it all, and reason would reassert itself, then man would
purposely go mad in order to be rid of reason and gain his point! I believe in it, I
answer for it, for the whole work of man really seems to consist in nothing but
proving to himself every minute that he is a man and not a piano-key! It may be
at the cost of his skin, it may be by cannibalism! And this being so, can one help
being tempted to rejoice that it has not yet come off, and that desire still depends
on something we don't know?
You will scream at me (that is, if you condescend to do so) that no one is
touching my free will, that all they are concerned with is that my will should of
itself, of its own free will, coincide with my own normal interests, with the laws
of nature and arithmetic.%
Good heavens, gentlemen, what sort of free will is left when we come to
tabulation and arithmetic, when it will all be a case of twice two make four?
Twice two makes four without my will. As if free will meant that!
Thesaurus
arithmetic: (adj) arithmetical, excogitate, frame, formulate; (n, v) uphold, justified, evidence,
numerical; (n) calculation, manage. ANTONYMS: (v) demolish, demonstrate.
computation, algorism, mathematics, destroy, ruin, waste, wreck, fail. rejoice: (v) cheer, gladden, triumph,
math, estimate, weighing up; (v) curses: (n) abuse. revel, jubilate, gratify, gloat, please;
fluxions, geometry. perverse: (adj) fractious, obstinate, (n, v) delight, glory, joy.
cannibalism: (n) practice, pattern. obdurate, bad, corrupt, headstrong, ANTONYMS: (v) lament, mourn,
condescend: (adj, v) deign, vouchsafe; disobedient, intractable, willful, complain.
(v) stoop, patronize, patronise, sinister, wayward. ANTONYMS: tabulation: (n) tabular matter, table,
descend, lower, interact, decline, (adj) wholesome, obliging, agreeable, info, information, investigating,
bow, agree. accommodating, malleable, good. investigation, list, return, tally,
contrive: (v) plan, invent, design, reassert: (v) reaffirm, affirm, maintain, tabularization.
concoct, devise, cast, concert, justify, confirm, reconfirm, warrant,
IX
Gentlemen, %I am joking, and I know myself that my jokes are not

brilliant,but you know one can take everything as a joke. I am, perhaps, jesting
against the grain. Gentlemen, I am tormented by questions; answer them for me.
You, for instance, want to cure men of their old habits and reform their will in
accordance with science and good sense. But how do you know, not only that it
is possible, but also that it is desirable to reform man in that way? And what leads
you to the conclusion that man's inclinations need reforming? In short, how do
you know that such a reformation will be a benefit to man? And to go to the root
of the matter, why are you so positively convinced that not to act against his real
normal interests guaranteed by the conclusions of reason and arithmetic is
certainly always advantageous for man and must always be a law for mankind?
So far, you know, this is only your supposition. It may be the law of logic, but
not the law of humanity. You think, gentlemen, perhaps that I am mad? Allow
me to defend myself. I agree that man is pre-eminently a creative animal,
predestined to strive consciously for an object and to engage in engineering—
that is, incessantly and eternally to make new roads, wherever they may lead. But
the reason why he wants sometimes to go off at a tangent may just be that he is
predestined to make the road, and perhaps, too, that however stupid the "direct"
practical man may be, the thought sometimes will occur to him that the road
almost always does lead somewhere, and that the destination it leads to is less
Thesaurus
eternally: (adv) always, permanently, unendingly, steadily. ANTONYMS: presumption, premise, speculation,
incessantly, perpetually, constantly, (adv) sporadically, briefly. surmise, guess, supposal, thought,
ceaselessly, endlessly, unendingly, jesting: (adj) jocular, jocose, facetious, imagination. ANTONYMS: (n) fact,
unceasingly, lastingly; (adj, adv) humorous, playful; (n) banter, knowledge, proof, reality, practice.
forever. ANTONYMS: (adv) briefly, humor, comedy, pleasantry, fun, tangent: (n) digression, aside, tan,
sporadically. joke. ANTONYM: (n) tragedy. grade, departure, burn, tack, suntan,
habits: (n) behavior, decorum, predestined: (adj) fated, foreordained, sunburn, straight line.
pratique. certain, predestinate, intended, fatal, tormented: (adj) worried, tortured,
incessantly: (adv) constantly, predetermined, ordained, meant, hagridden, troubled, beleaguered,
endlessly, continually, perpetually, doomed, designed. beset, besieged, cruciate, cruciform,
continuously, unceasingly, eternally, supposition: (n, v) conjecture; (n) distraught, distressed. ANTONYM:
persistently, unremittingly, assumption, hypothesis, (adj) calm.
important than the process of making it, and that the chief thing is to save the
well-conducted child from despising engineering, and so giving way to the fatal
idleness, which, as we all know, is the mother of all the vices. Man likes to make
roads and to create, that is a fact beyond dispute. But why has he such a
passionate love for destruction and chaos also? Tell me that! But on that point I
want to say a couple of words myself. May it not be that he loves chaos and
destruction (there can be no disputing that he does sometimes love it) because he
is instinctively afraid of attaining his object and completing the edifice he is
constructing? Who knows, perhaps he only loves that edifice from a distance,
and is by no means in love with it at close quarters; perhaps he only loves
building it and does not want to live in it, but will leave it, when completed, for
the use of les animaux domestiques—such as the ants, the sheep, and so on. Now
the ants have quite a different taste. They have a marvellous edifice of that
pattern which endures for ever—the ant-heap.%
With the ant-heap the respectable race of ants began and with the ant- heap
they will probably end, which does the greatest credit to their perseverance and
good sense. But man is a frivolous and incongruous creature, and perhaps, like a
chess player, loves the process of the game, not the end of it. And who knows
(there is no saying with certainty), perhaps the only goal on earth to which
mankind is striving lies in this incessant process of attaining, in other words, in
life itself, and not in the thing to be attained, which must always be expressed as
a formula, as positive as twice two makes four, and such positiveness is not life,
gentlemen, but is the beginning of death. Anyway, man has always been afraid
of this mathematical certainty, and I am afraid of it now. Granted that man does
nothing but seek that mathematical certainty, he traverses oceans, sacrifices his
life in the quest, but to succeed, really to find it, dreads, I assure you. He feels
that when he has found it there will be nothing for him to look for. When
workmen have finished their work they do at least receive their pay, they go to
the tavern, then they are taken to the police-station—and there is occupation for
a week. But where can man go? Anyway, one can observe a certain
awkwardness about him when he has attained such objects. He loves the
process of attaining, but does not quite like to have attained, and that, of course,
Thesaurus
awkwardness: (n) embarrassment, sloth, inaction, inertia, faineance, perseverance: (n) endurance, tenacity,
stiffness, unwieldiness, idlesse. ANTONYMS: (n) energy, resolution, constancy, fortitude,
inconvenience, gawkiness, activity, bustle, liveliness, assiduity, industry, doggedness,
inelegance, troublesomeness, responsibility. firmness, persistence, determination.
ineptitude, ineptness, gaucherie; (adj, incessant: (adj) endless, continual, ANTONYMS: (n) vacillation,
n) delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n) everlasting, eternal, constant, cowardice, indecision, indifference.
gracefulness, grace, comfort, continuous, perpetual, unremitting, positiveness: (n) assertiveness,
coordination, pride, urbanity, ease, interminable, persistent; (adj, v) assurance, security, confidence,
assurance, liveliness, confidence, frequent. ANTONYMS: (adj) positivism, absolute power,
cooperation. intermittent, occasional, sporadic, absoluteness, roundness,
idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness, torpor, broken, finite. definiteness, trust, boldness.
inactivity, idling, unemployment, likes: (n) kind, sort, type. sacrifices: (n) holocaust.
is very absurd. In fact, man is a comical creature; there seems to be a kind of jest
in it all. But yet mathematical certainty is after all, something insufferable.
Twice two makes four seems to me simply a piece of insolence. Twice two
makes four is a pert coxcomb who stands with arms akimbo barring your path
and spitting. I admit that twice two makes four is an excellent thing, but if we
are to give everything its due, twice two makes five is sometimes a very
charming thing too.%
And why are you so firmly, so triumphantly, convinced that only the normal
and the positive—in other words, only what is conducive to welfare—is for the
advantage of man? Is not reason in error as regards advantage? Does not man,
perhaps, love something besides well-being? Perhaps he is just as fond of
suffering? Perhaps suffering is just as great a benefit to him as well-being? Man
is sometimes extraordinarily, passionately, in love with suffering, and that is a
fact. There is no need to appeal to universal history to prove that; only ask
yourself, if you are a man and have lived at all. As far as my personal opinion is
concerned, to care only for well-being seems to me positively ill-bred. Whether
it's good or bad, it is sometimes very pleasant, too, to smash things. I hold no
brief for suffering nor for well-being either. I am standing for ... my caprice, and
for its being guaranteed to me when necessary. Suffering would be out of place
in vaudevilles, for instance; I know that. In the "Palace of Crystal" it is
unthinkable; suffering means doubt, negation, and what would be the good of a
"palace of crystal" if there could be any doubt about it? And yet I think man will
never renounce real suffering, that is, destruction and chaos. Why, suffering is
the sole origin of consciousness. Though I did lay it down at the beginning that
consciousness is the greatest misfortune for man, yet I know man prizes it and
would not give it up for any satisfaction. Consciousness, for instance, is
infinitely superior to twice two makes four. Once you have mathematical
certainty there is nothing left to do or to understand. There will be nothing left
but to bottle up your five senses and plunge into contemplation. While if you
stick to consciousness, even though the same result is attained, you can at least
flog yourself at times, and that will, at any rate, liven you up. Reactionary as it
is, corporal punishment is better than nothing.
Thesaurus
attained: (adj) attains, attaint, reached, cane, strap, wallop. nauseous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
complete, earned, fulfilled. insolence: (n) impertinence, manageable, nice, lovable.
comical: (adj) funny, comic, laughable, arrogance, audacity, impudence, liven: (v) enliven, invigorate, inspirit,
absurd, humorous, ridiculous, zany, effrontery, cheek, assumption, gall, quicken, spirit, brace, energize,
droll, jocose, grotesque, jocular. disrespect, haughtiness, crust. arouse, exhilarate, recreate, revive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) tragic, sad, grave, ANTONYMS: (n) respect, politeness, pert: (adj) impertinent, bold,
solemn, unfunny, dull, sensible. meekness, shyness. impudent, insolent, forward, fresh,
coxcomb: (n) cockscomb, fop, beau, insufferable: (adj, v) intolerable, brazen, saucy, malapert, irreverent,
dandy, exquisite, dude, blood, buck, abhorrent; (adj) excruciating, cheeky. ANTONYM: (adj) listless.
comb, crest, sheik. impossible, unbearable, spitting: (n) spiting, expectoration,
flog: (v) lash, whip, chastise, lick, insupportable, unendurable, ejection, sizzle, projection, forcing
trounce, flagellate, birch, castigate, unsufferable, hateful, painful; (v) out, expulsion, saliva.
You believe in a palace of crystal that can never be destroyed—a palace at

which one will not be able to put out one's tongue or make a long nose on the sly.
And perhaps that is just why I am afraid of this edifice, that it is of crystal and
can never be destroyed and that one cannot put one's tongue out at it even on the
sly.%
You see, if it were not a palace, but a hen-house, I might creep into it to avoid
getting wet, and yet I would not call the hen-house a palace out of gratitude to it
for keeping me dry. You laugh and say that in such circumstances a hen-house is
as good as a mansion. Yes, I answer, if one had to live simply to keep out of the
rain.
But what is to be done if I have taken it into my head that that is not the only
object in life, and that if one must live one had better live in a mansion? That is
my choice, my desire. You will only eradicate it when you have changed my
preference. Well, do change it, allure me with something else, give me another
ideal. But meanwhile I will not take a hen-house for a mansion. The palace of
crystal may be an idle dream, it may be that it is inconsistent with the laws of
nature and that I have invented it only through my own stupidity, through the
old-fashioned irrational habits of my generation. But what does it matter to me
that it is inconsistent? That makes no difference since it exists in my desires, or
Thesaurus
allure: (n, v) tempt, decoy, lure, edifice: (n) building, structure, house, mansion: (n) house, manor, residence,
appeal, draw, entice, seduce; (v) hall, fabric, aviary, bagnio, castle, home, manor house, hall,
attract, persuade; (n) attraction, bathhouse, abattoir, bawdyhouse, building, palace, villa, abode.
charisma. ANTONYMS: (n) clubhouse. ANTONYMS: (n) hovel, shack, hut.
repulsion, ugliness, repulsiveness; (v) eradicate: (v) annihilate, destroy, stupidity: (n) foolishness, nonsense,
repel, dissuade, discourage, threaten, eliminate, uproot, extirpate, obtuseness, dullness, fatuity,
warn, deter, prevent. extinguish, exterminate, wipe out, absurdity, stolidity, slowness,
creep: (v) grovel, sneak, steal, fawn, deracinate, obliterate, abolish. denseness, idiocy, imbecility.
lurk, truckle, cringe; (n) creeping, ANTONYMS: (v) create, breed, ANTONYMS: (n) sense, logic,
crawling, toady, sycophant. generate, propagate, plant, build, cleverness, shrewdness, wisdom,
ANTONYMS: (v) race, dash, hasten, add, protect, engrave, establish, ability.
hurry, speed, fly. revive.
rather exists as long as my desires exist. Perhaps you are laughing again? Laugh
away; I will put up with any mockery rather than pretend that I am satisfied
when I am hungry. I know, anyway, that I will not be put off with a
compromise, with a recurring zero, simply because it is consistent with the laws
of nature and actually exists. I will not accept as the crown of my desires a block
of buildings with tenements for the poor on a lease of a thousand years, and
perhaps with a sign-board of a dentist hanging out. Destroy my desires,
eradicate my ideals, show me something better, and I will follow you. You will
say, perhaps, that it is not worth your trouble; but in that case I can give you the
same answer. We are discussing things seriously; but if you won't deign to give
me your attention, I will drop your acquaintance. I can retreat into my
underground hole.%
But while I am alive and have desires I would rather my hand were withered
off than bring one brick to such a building! Don't remind me that I have just
rejected the palace of crystal for the sole reason that one cannot put out one's
tongue at it. I did not say because I am so fond of putting my tongue out.
Perhaps the thing I resented was, that of all your edifices there has not been one
at which one could not put out one's tongue. On the contrary, I would let my
tongue be cut off out of gratitude if things could be so arranged that I should lose
all desire to put it out. It is not my fault that things cannot be so arranged, and
that one must be satisfied with model flats. Then why am I made with such
desires? Can I have been constructed simply in order to come to the conclusion
that all my construction is a cheat? Can this be my whole purpose? I do not
believe it.
But do you know what: I am convinced that we underground folk ought to
be kept on a curb. Though we may sit forty years underground without
speaking, when we do come out into the light of day and break out we talk and
talk and talk...
Thesaurus
acquaintance: (n) connection, friend, curb: (n, v) control, limit, bridle; (v) tooth doctor, toothdrawer.
acquaintanceship, mate, awareness, restrict, suppress, contain, conquer, recurring: (adj) frequent, intermittent,
associate, buddy, friendship, restrain, confine; (adv, v) moderate; cyclic, periodic, periodical, repeated,
intercourse, companion; (n, v) (n) kerb. ANTONYMS: (v) encourage, repetitive, customary, accustomed,
knowledge. ANTONYMS: (n) push, help, foster, spur, assist, aid, memorable, chronic. ANTONYMS:
ignorance, inexperience, unbridle, facilitate; (n) incentive, (adj) irregular, intermittent,
unfamiliarity, animosity, enemy. encouragement. spasmodic, unusual, rare, occasional.
cheat: (n, v) trick, con, fake, sham; (n) deign: (v) lower oneself, vouchsafe, withered: (adj) wizened, sear,
fraud, bilk, impostor; (v) defraud, stoop, descend, lower, grant, move, shriveled, thin, shrunken, dry, dried
beguile, betray, fleece. ANTONYMS: stoop to, allow, fall, come from. up, wilted, faded, wizen; (v) lame.
(v) support, repay, help, contribute, dentist: (n) dental surgeon, ANTONYM: (adj) plump.
aid. endodontist, exodontist, orthodontist,
XI
The long and the short of it is, gentlemen, that it is better to do nothing! Better
conscious inertia! And so hurrah for underground! Though I have said that I
envy the normal man to the last drop of my bile, yet I should not care to be in his
place such as he is now (though I shall not cease envying him). No, no; anyway
the underground life is more advantageous. There, at any rate, one can ... Oh,
but even now I am lying! I am lying because I know myself that it is not
underground that is better, but something different, quite different, for which I
am thirsting, but which I cannot find! Damn underground!
I will tell you another thing that would be better, and that is, if I myself
believed in anything of what I have just written. I swear to you, gentlemen, there
is not one thing, not one word of what I have written that I really believe. That
is, I believe it, perhaps, but at the same time I feel and suspect that I am lying like
a cobbler.%
"Then why have you written all this?" you will say to me. "I ought to put you
underground for forty years without anything to do and then come to you in
your cellar, to find out what stage you have reached! How can a man be left
with nothing to do for forty years?"
"Isn't that shameful, isn't that humiliating?" you will say, perhaps, wagging
your heads contemptuously. "You thirst for life and try to settle the problems of
Thesaurus
cellar: (n) basement, cellarage, wine resentment, envies, heartburn, black. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable,
cellar, godown, warehouse, winery, jealousy, hatred; (adj) jealous. noble, dignified, admirable, faultless,
silo, pit, excavation, story, storey. ANTONYM: (n) generosity. reputable, glorious, compassionate,
contemptuously: (adv) scornfully, envying: (adj) invidious. praiseworthy, commendable,
sneeringly, insultingly, hurrah: (int, n) hooray; (n) huzza, cry, excellent.
disparagingly, superciliously, controversy, fervor, passion, praise; thirst: (n, v) hunger, lust, wish; (n)
derisively, condescendingly, (int) congratulations, bravo; (v) come; longing, yen, craving, hankering,
disrespectfully, haughtily, (adv) cheerfully. dryness, appetite; (v) starve, crave.
contumeliously, sardonically. shameful: (adj) scandalous, ANTONYM: (n) dislike.
ANTONYM: (adv) approvingly. dishonorable, opprobrious, shocking, thirsting: (adj) dry, parched,
envy: (v) begrudge, want; (n) ignominious, disreputable, dehydrated.
enviousness, desire, heartburning, despicable; (adj, v) foul, base, gross,
life by a logical tangle. And how persistent, how insolent are your sallies, and at
the same time what a scare you are in! You talk nonsense and are pleased with
it; you say impudent things and are in continual alarm and apologising for them.
You declare that you are afraid of nothing and at the same time try to ingratiate
yourself in our good opinion. You declare that you are gnashing your teeth and
at the same time you try to be witty so as to amuse us. You know that your
witticisms are not witty, but you are evidently well satisfied with their literary
value. You may, perhaps, have really suffered, but you have no respect for your
own suffering. You may have sincerity, but you have no modesty; out of the
pettiest vanity you expose your sincerity to publicity and ignominy. You
doubtlessly mean to say something, but hide your last word through fear,
because you have not the resolution to utter it, and only have a cowardly
impudence. You boast of consciousness, but you are not sure of your ground,
for though your mind works, yet your heart is darkened and corrupt, and you
cannot have a full, genuine consciousness without a pure heart. And how
intrusive you are, how you insist and grimace! Lies, lies, lies!"
Of course I have myself made up all the things you say. That, too, is from
underground. I have been for forty years listening to you through a crack under
the floor. I have invented them myself, there was nothing else I could invent. It
is no wonder that I have learned it by heart and it has taken a literary form...%
But can you really be so credulous as to think that I will print all this and
give it to you to read too? And another problem: why do I call you "gentlemen,"
why do I address you as though you really were my readers? Such confessions as
I intend to make are never printed nor given to other people to read. Anyway, I
am not strong-minded enough for that, and I don't see why I should be. But you
see a fancy has occurred to me and I want to realise it at all costs. Let me explain.
Every man has reminiscences which he would not tell to everyone, but only
to his friends. He has other matters in his mind which he would not reveal even
to his friends, but only to himself, and that in secret. But there are other things
which a man is afraid to tell even to himself, and every decent man has a number
of such things stored away in his mind. The more decent he is, the greater the
Thesaurus
credulous: (adj) gullible, unsuspecting, ignominy: (n) disgrace, dishonor, disrespectful, audacious, impertinent,
simple, unsuspicious, unquestioning, shame, reproach, contempt, brassy, barefaced, brazen, insolent,
green, trusting, unwary, innocent, disrepute, degradation, discredit, brash, cheeky. ANTONYMS: (adj)
believing, illogical. ANTONYMS: scandal; (adj, n) odium; (adj) polite, cowardly.
(adj) suspicious, wary, disbelieving, opprobrium. ANTONYMS: (n) ingratiate: (v) fawn, hint, cozy up,
suspecting, skeptical, cynical, success, glorification, pride. cotton up, control.
untrusting, shrewd, rational, smart, impudence: (adj, n) boldness, brass; (n) reminiscences: (n) memoirs.
mistrustful. cheek, gall, audacity, impertinence, strong-minded: (adj) determined,
doubtlessly: (adj) doubtless; (adv) insolence, face, cheekiness, decisive, obstinate, hell-bent,
undoubtedly, unquestionably, effrontery, assurance. ANTONYMS: headstrong.
positively, definitely, easily, (n) cowardice, reticence. witticisms: (n) facetiae.
evidently, likely, presumably, truly. impudent: (adj, n) bold, daring; (adj)
number of such things in his mind. Anyway, I have only lately determined to
remember some of my early adventures. Till now I have always avoided them,
even with a certain uneasiness. Now, when I am not only recalling them, but
have actually decided to write an account of them, I want to try the experiment
whether one can, even with oneself, be perfectly open and not take fright at the
whole truth. I will observe, in parenthesis, that Heine says that a true
autobiography is almost an impossibility, and that man is bound to lie about
himself. He considers that Rousseau certainly told lies about himself in his
confessions, and even intentionally lied, out of vanity. I am convinced that
Heine is right; I quite understand how sometimes one may, out of sheer vanity,
attribute regular crimes to oneself, and indeed I can very well conceive that kind
of vanity. But Heine judged of people who made their confessions to the public.
I write only for myself, and I wish to declare once and for all that if I write as
though I were addressing readers, that is simply because it is easier for me to
write in that form. It is a form, an empty form—I shall never have readers. I
have made this plain already ...%
I don't wish to be hampered by any restrictions in the compilation of my
notes. I shall not attempt any system or method. I will jot things down as I
remember them.
But here, perhaps, someone will catch at the word and ask me: if you really
don't reckon on readers, why do you make such compacts with yourself—and on
paper too—that is, that you won't attempt any system or method, that you jot
things down as you remember them, and so on, and so on? Why are you
explaining? Why do you apologise?
Well, there it is, I answer.
There is a whole psychology in all this, though. Perhaps it is simply that I am
a coward. And perhaps that I purposely imagine an audience before me in order
that I may be more dignified while I write. There are perhaps thousands of
reasons. Again, what is my object precisely in writing? If it is not for the benefit
of the public why should I not simply recall these incidents in my own mind
without putting them on paper?
Thesaurus
autobiography: (n) biography, daredevil, stalwart; (adj) brave. inquietude, anxiety, unease, malaise,
memoirs, memoir, life story, life, hampered: (adj) impeded, confined, disquietude, apprehension, unrest,
diary, life history, journal, story, fraught, held back, in an inferior impatience; (n, v) agitation.
history. position, disadvantaged, weighed ANTONYMS: (n) peace, calm,
confessions: (n) confession, life, down, loaded, in a weak position, confidence.
journal, fortunes, personal narrative, responsible, troubled. vanity: (n) egotism, pride, emptiness,
memoir, experiences, biography. lied: (n) song, hymn. arrogance, futility, inanity, vainglory,
coward: (n) cur, pantywaist, sneak, parenthesis: (n) brackets, bracket, conceitedness, pretension,
dastard, milksop, weakling, digression, interlude, episode, pomposity; (adj, n) amour propre.
milquetoast; (adj) gutless, anastrophe, metastasis, hyperbaton, ANTONYMS: (n) selflessness,
chickenhearted, pusillanimous, hypallage, excursus, anastrophy. humility, importance, value,
chicken-hearted. ANTONYMS: (n) uneasiness: (n) disquiet, discomfort, effectiveness.
Quite so; but yet it is more imposing on paper. There is something more
impressive in it; I shall be better able to criticise myself and improve my style.
Besides, I shall perhaps obtain actual relief from writing. Today, for instance, I
am particularly oppressed by one memory of a distant past. It came back vividly
to my mind a few days ago, and has remained haunting me like an annoying
tune that one cannot get rid of. And yet I must get rid of it somehow. I have
hundreds of such reminiscences; but at times some one stands out from the
hundred and oppresses me. For some reason I believe that if I write it down I
should get rid of it. Why not try?
Besides, I am bored, and I never have anything to do. Writing will be a sort
of work. They say work makes man kind-hearted and honest. Well, here is a
chance for me, anyway.%
Snow is falling today, yellow and dingy. It fell yesterday, too, and a few
days ago. I fancy it is the wet snow that has reminded me of that incident which
I cannot shake off now. And so let it be a story A propos of the falling snow.
Thesaurus
annoying: (adj) galling, vexatious, criticise: (v) comment, criminate, ominous, weird, treasured, evocative,
aggravating, vexing, worrying, chide, berate, reprehend, knock, etched in your mind, deep.
awkward, trying, bothersome, reprove, denounce, deplore, criticize; ANTONYMS: (adj) forgettable,
disagreeable; (adj, v) irritating; (n) (adj) judge. unremarkable.
annoyance. ANTONYMS: (adj) dingy: (adj) dark, black, drab, dull, kind-hearted: (adj) good-natured,
pleasing, delightful, pleasant, muddy, impure, dim, seedy, dowdy, good, kindly, clement, benevolent,
charming, satisfying, welcome, unclean, grimy. ANTONYMS: (adj) humane, kindhearted, philanthropic,
convenient. immaculate, spotless, sparkling, sympathetic, tolerant, warm.
bored: (adj) weary, boring, blase, bright, neat, brilliant, interesting, oppressed: (adj) laden, persecuted,
uninterested, bore, listless, jaded, smart. broken, burdened, drawn, gloomy,
sick, fed up, annoyed, indifferent. haunting: (adj) moving, memorable, aggrieved, downcast, heavy, ladened,
ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, fresh. unforgettable, beguiling, attractive, loaded.
PART II:
A PROPOS OF THE WET SNOW
When from dark error's subjugation

My words of passionate exhortation
Had wrenched thy fainting spirit free;
And writhing prone in thine affliction
Thou didst recall with malediction
The vice that had encompassed thee:
And when thy slumbering conscience, fretting
By recollection's torturing flame,
Thou didst reveal the hideous setting
Of thy life's current ere I came:
When suddenly I saw thee sicken,
And weeping, hide thine anguished face,
Revolted, maddened, horror-stricken,
At memories of foul disgrace. %
NEKRASSOV
Thesaurus
fainting: (n) swoon, syncope, malison, oath, proscription, servitude, captivity, victory,
deliquium, lipothymy, prostration, maranatha, profanity, swear word, domination, persecution, seizure;
stupor; (adj) lipothymic. heavy calamity. ANTONYM: (n) (adj) quietus. ANTONYMS: (n)
fretting: (adj) irritable, dissatisfied, blessing. independence, liberty.
peevish; (n) festering, friction, sicken: (v) repel, nauseate, revolt, torturing: (n) torture, excruciation,
exulceration. disgust, pall, shock, offend, appall, crucifixion, torment, agony, anguish,
maddened: (adj) angry, furious, scandalize, get sick, languish. dismemberment; (adj) harrowing,
deranged, angered, enraged, ANTONYMS: (v) attract, delight. agonizing, torturesome, agonising.
moonstruck, fierce, upset, slumbering: (adj) dormant, asleep, writhing: (adj, n) twisting; (adj)
aggravated, ferocious; (v) frantic. latent. ANTONYM: (adj) awake. wriggly, squirming, wiggling,
malediction: (n) imprecation, subjugation: (n) oppression, wiggly, twisty, tortuous, snaky,
anathema, execration, denunciation, subjection, repression, enslavement, winding, sinuous; (n) twist.
At %that time I was only twenty-four. My life was even then gloomy, ill-
regulated, and as solitary as that of a savage. I made friends with no one and
positively avoided talking, and buried myself more and more in my hole. At
work in the office I never looked at anyone, and was perfectly well aware that
my companions looked upon me, not only as a queer fellow, but even looked
upon me—I always fancied this—with a sort of loathing. I sometimes wondered
why it was that nobody except me fancied that he was looked upon with
aversion? One of the clerks had a most repulsive, pock-marked face, which
looked positively villainous. I believe I should not have dared to look at anyone
with such an unsightly countenance. Another had such a very dirty old uniform
that there was an unpleasant odour in his proximity. Yet not one of these
gentlemen showed the slightest self-consciousness—either about their clothes or
their countenance or their character in any way. Neither of them ever imagined
that they were looked at with repulsion; if they had imagined it they would not
have minded—so long as their superiors did not look at them in that way. It is
clear to me now that, owing to my unbounded vanity and to the high standard I
set for myself, I often looked at myself with furious discontent, which verged on
loathing, and so I inwardly attributed the same feeling to everyone. I hated my
face, for instance: I thought it disgusting, and even suspected that there was
something base in my expression, and so every day when I turned up at the
Thesaurus
fancied: (adj) unreal, chimerical, ANTONYMS: (n) charm, love, measureless, unlimited, vast,
fictional, fanciful, fictitious, magnetism, appeal, liking, delight. illimitable, unmeasured, absolute.
fabricated, preferred, assumed, repulsive: (adj) offensive, detestable, unsightly: (adj) repulsive, hideous,
illusory, imagined, ideal. ugly, disagreeable, nauseous, unpleasant, unattractive, uncomely,
owing: (adj) due, unpaid, unsettled, hideous, loathsome, abhorrent; (adj, unlovely, unseemly, disagreeable,
outstanding, overdue, owed, payable, v) abominable, hateful, obnoxious. nasty, homely, plain. ANTONYMS:
undischarged, indebted, fulfilling ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, (adj) beautiful, nice, pleasing, pretty,
obligation, lawful. ANTONYM: (adj) delightful, desirable, reputable, appealing, attractive.
settled. lovely, lovable, humane, appealing, villainous: (adj, v) base, infamous, vile,
repulsion: (n) repugnance, repellency, laudable. black, shameful; (adj) heinous,
hatred, antipathy, aversion, horror, unbounded: (adj) immeasurable, atrocious, depraved, wicked, evil,
disgust, repulse, distaste, hate, rebuff. limitless, endless, infinite, immense, vicious.
office I tried to behave as independently as possible, and to assume a lofty

expression, so that I might not be suspected of being abject. "My face may be
ugly," I thought, "but let it be lofty, expressive, and, above all, extremely
intelligent." But I was positively and painfully certain that it was impossible for
my countenance ever to express those qualities. And what was worst of all, I
thought it actually stupid looking, and I would have been quite satisfied if I
could have looked intelligent. In fact, I would even have put up with looking
base if, at the same time, my face could have been thought strikingly intelligent.%
Of course, I hated my fellow clerks one and all, and I despised them all, yet at
the same time I was, as it were, afraid of them. In fact, it happened at times that I
thought more highly of them than of myself. It somehow happened quite
suddenly that I alternated between despising them and thinking them superior
to myself. A cultivated and decent man cannot be vain without setting a
fearfully high standard for himself, and without despising and almost hating
himself at certain moments. But whether I despised them or thought them
superior I dropped my eyes almost every time I met anyone. I even made
experiments whether I could face so and so's looking at me, and I was always the
first to drop my eyes. This worried me to distraction. I had a sickly dread, too,
of being ridiculous, and so had a slavish passion for the conventional in
everything external. I loved to fall into the common rut, and had a whole-
hearted terror of any kind of eccentricity in myself. But how could I live up to it?
I was morbidly sensitive as a man of our age should be. They were all stupid,
and as like one another as so many sheep. Perhaps I was the only one in the
office who fancied that I was a coward and a slave, and I fancied it just because I
was more highly developed. But it was not only that I fancied it, it really was so.
I was a coward and a slave. I say this without the slightest embarrassment.
Every decent man of our age must be a coward and a slave. That is his normal
condition. Of that I am firmly persuaded. He is made and constructed to that
very end. And not only at the present time owing to some casual circumstances,
but always, at all times, a decent man is bound to be a coward and a slave. It is
the law of nature for all decent people all over the earth. If anyone of them
happens to be valiant about something, he need not be comforted nor carried
Thesaurus
abject: (adj) contemptible, pitiful, low, horrendously, hideously, anxiously, corruptly, macabrely, gruesomely,
wretched, despicable, sordid, base, appallingly, terribly; (adj, adv) ghastly, ailingly.
mean, vile; (n) ignominious, dirty. shockingly, dreadfully. ANTONYMS: slavish: (adj) servile, menial, fawning,
ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, (adv) bravely, calmly, confidently, cringing, abject, obsequious,
hopeful, magnificent, esteemed, wonderfully, rationally, subservient, submissive, ignoble,
proud, dignified, commendable, unconcernedly. contemptible, pliant.
noble, exalted, worthy, happy. hating: (adj) loathful, abhorring, valiant: (adj) brave, courageous,
comforted: (adj) thankful, pleased, disgusting, misanthropic, vengeful; intrepid, fearless, heroic, audacious,
comfortable, calmed. (n) venom. gallant, daring, dauntless, stout,
experiments: (n) data. morbidly: (adv) sickly, unhealthily, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) afraid,
fearfully: (adv) timidly, timorously, diseasedly, frightfully, despicable.
awfully, apprehensively, unwholesomely, ghoulishly, whole-hearted: (adj) true, warm.
away by that; he would show the white feather just the same before something
else. That is how it invariably and inevitably ends. Only donkeys and mules are
valiant, and they only till they are pushed up to the wall. It is not worth while to
pay attention to them for they really are of no consequence.%
Another circumstance, too, worried me in those days: that there was no one
like me and I was unlike anyone else. "I am alone and they are everyone," I
thought—and pondered.
From that it is evident that I was still a youngster.
The very opposite sometimes happened. It was loathsome sometimes to go
to the office; things reached such a point that I often came home ill. But all at
once, a propos of nothing, there would come a phase of scepticism and
indifference (everything happened in phases to me), and I would laugh myself at
my intolerance and fastidiousness, I would reproach myself with being romantic.
At one time I was unwilling to speak to anyone, while at other times I would not
only talk, but go to the length of contemplating making friends with them. All
my fastidiousness would suddenly, for no rhyme or reason, vanish. Who knows,
perhaps I never had really had it, and it had simply been affected, and got out of
books. I have not decided that question even now. Once I quite made friends
with them, visited their homes, played preference, drank vodka, talked of
promotions... But here let me make a digression.
We Russians, speaking generally, have never had those foolish
transcendental "romantics"—German, and still more French—on whom nothing
produces any effect; if there were an earthquake, if all France perished at the
barricades, they would still be the same, they would not even have the decency
to affect a change, but would still go on singing their transcendental songs to the
hour of their death, because they are fools. We, in Russia, have no fools; that is
well known. That is what distinguishes us from foreign lands. Consequently
these transcendental natures are not found amongst us in their pure form. The
idea that they are is due to our "realistic" journalists and critics of that day,
always on the look out for Kostanzhoglos and Uncle Pyotr Ivanitchs and
foolishly accepting them as our ideal; they have slandered our romantics, taking
Thesaurus
digression: (n, v) deviation, diversion; (n) vulgarity. compliment, commendation,
(n) departure, aside, excursion, mules: (n) mule, scuffs, carpet slipper, approval.
divagation, aberrance, deflection, scuff. rhyme: (n) poetry, verse, poem, song,
deflexion, divergence, difference. perished: (adj) decayed, emperished, alliteration, numbers, rhythm; (n, v)
ANTONYMS: (n) consistency, rotting, annihilated, fallen, lost, rime, measure; (v) poetize, versify.
uniformity, regularity. moldy, nonexistent, putrefied, dead, slandered: (adj) bespattered,
drank: (v) absorb. decomposed. calumniated.
fastidiousness: (n) refinement, care, reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, charge, transcendental: (adj) preternatural,
squeamishness, nicety, fastidiosity, abuse, disgrace, reprimand, supernatural, nonnatural,
diligence; (adj, n) delicacy, elegance; invective; (v) accuse, chide, condemn; otherworldly, metaphysical, sublime,
(adj) fastidious accuracy, (n) condemnation. ANTONYMS: (n, theoretical, ultimate, utopian,
delightfulness, delight. ANTONYM: v) praise; (v) commend, approve; (n) unworldly, ineffable.
them for the same transcendental sort as in Germany or France. On the contrary,
the characteristics of our "romantics" are absolutely and directly opposed to the
transcendental European type, and no European standard can be applied to
them. (Allow me to make use of this word "romantic"—an old-fashioned and
much respected word which has done good service and is familiar to all.) The
characteristics of our romantic are to understand everything, to see everything and
to see it often incomparably more clearly than our most realistic minds see it; to refuse
to accept anyone or anything, but at the same time not to despise anything; to
give way, to yield, from policy; never to lose sight of a useful practical object
(such as rent-free quarters at the government expense, pensions, decorations), to
keep their eye on that object through all the enthusiasms and volumes of lyrical
poems, and at the same time to preserve "the sublime and the beautiful"
inviolate within them to the hour of their death, and to preserve themselves also,
incidentally, like some precious jewel wrapped in cotton wool if only for the
benefit of "the sublime and the beautiful." Our "romantic" is a man of great
breadth and the greatest rogue of all our rogues, I assure you... I can assure you
from experience, indeed. Of course, that is, if he is intelligent. But what am I
saying! The romantic is always intelligent, and I only meant to observe that
although we have had foolish romantics they don't count, and they were only so
because in the flower of their youth they degenerated into Germans, and to
preserve their precious jewel more comfortably, settled somewhere out there—
by preference in Weimar or the Black Forest.%
I, for instance, genuinely despised my official work and did not openly abuse
it simply because I was in it myself and got a salary for it. Anyway, take note, I
did not openly abuse it. Our romantic would rather go out of his mind—a thing,
however, which very rarely happens—than take to open abuse, unless he had
some other career in view; and he is never kicked out. At most, they would take
him to the lunatic asylum as "the King of Spain" if he should go very mad. But it
is only the thin, fair people who go out of their minds in Russia. Innumerable
"romantics" attain later in life to considerable rank in the service. Their many-
sidedness is remarkable! And what a faculty they have for the most
contradictory sensations! I was comforted by this thought even in those days,
Thesaurus
degenerated: (adj) kinky, shabby, incomparably: (adv) superlatively, moonstruck, mad, mental, deranged,
crumbly. matchlessly, uniquely, exceptionally, idiotic; (adj, n) madcap. ANTONYM:
despise: (v) disdain, loathe, outstandingly, unbeatably, (adj) sensible.
depreciate, abhor, dislike, detest, uncomparably, excellently, very, lyrical: (adj) musical, passionate,
slight, hate; (n, v) contemn; (n) greatly, beyond compare. emotional, melodious, dithyrambic,
contempt, deride. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYM: (adv) comparably. poetic, melodic; (n) tuneful.
respect, love, adore, appreciate, inviolate: (adj, v) intact; (adj) sacred, rogue: (n, v) rascal; (n) knave, imp,
cherish, like, praise, accept. sacrosanct, whole, entire, pure; (v) in miscreant, crook, cheat, impostor,
despised: (adj) scorned, despicable, petto, clandestine, auricular, close, swindler, cad, villain, scoundrel.
hated, abject, disparaged, mean, privy. sensations: (n) feelings, vibrations,
attaching disgrace, unpopular, lunatic: (n) madman, maniac, ambiance.
unloved, reviled, opprobrious. bedlamite; (adj) insane, foolish,
and I am of the same opinion now. That is why there are so many "broad
natures" among us who never lose their ideal even in the depths of degradation;
and though they never stir a finger for their ideal, though they are arrant thieves
and knaves, yet they tearfully cherish their first ideal and are extraordinarily
honest at heart. Yes, it is only among us that the most incorrigible rogue can be
absolutely and loftily honest at heart without in the least ceasing to be a rogue. I
repeat, our romantics, frequently, become such accomplished rascals (I use the
term "rascals" affectionately), suddenly display such a sense of reality and
practical knowledge that their bewildered superiors and the public generally can
only ejaculate in amazement.%
Their many-sidedness is really amazing, and goodness knows what it may
develop into later on, and what the future has in store for us. It is not a poor
material! I do not say this from any foolish or boastful patriotism. But I feel sure
that you are again imagining that I am joking. Or perhaps it's just the contrary
and you are convinced that I really think so. Anyway, gentlemen, I shall
welcome both views as an honour and a special favour. And do forgive my
digression.
I did not, of course, maintain friendly relations with my comrades and soon
was at loggerheads with them, and in my youth and inexperience I even gave up
bowing to them, as though I had cut off all relations. That, however, only
happened to me once. As a rule, I was always alone.
In the first place I spent most of my time at home, reading. I tried to stifle all
that was continually seething within me by means of external impressions. And
the only external means I had was reading. Reading, of course, was a great
help—exciting me, giving me pleasure and pain. But at times it bored me
fearfully. One longed for movement in spite of everything, and I plunged all at
once into dark, underground, loathsome vice of the pettiest kind. My wretched
passions were acute, smarting, from my continual, sickly irritability I had
hysterical impulses, with tears and convulsions. I had no resource except
reading, that is, there was nothing in my surroundings which I could respect and
which attracted me. I was overwhelmed with depression, too; I had an hysterical
Thesaurus
arrant: (adj) rank, unmitigated, blunder out, blurt out, come, repentant, mild.
thorough, stark, utter, ill, gross, verbalize, jaculate, speak, rap out, loftily: (adv) majestically,
infamous, bad, blatant, base. excrete. superciliously, proudly, haughtily,
ANTONYM: (adj) minor. imagining: (n) conception, daydream, sublimely, stately, exaltedly, tally,
boastful: (adj, v) braggart; (adj) fantasy, opinion; (v) imagine; (adj) toweringly, soaringly, lordly.
pompous, arrogant, proud, vaunting, imaginant. smarting: (adj) painful, burning, sore;
thrasonical, vainglorious, vain, incorrigible: (adj) hopeless, (n) ache, pain, hurting, bite,
ostentatious; (v) Thrasonic; (adj, n) irredeemable, confirmed, irreparable, throbbing, hurt, soreness, sting.
noble. ANTONYMS: (adj) hardened, uncorrectable, tearfully: (adv) tearily, weepily,
deprecating, humble, insecure. insubordinate; (adj, n) incurable; (v) dolorously, lachrymosely, waterily,
ceasing: (n) stopping, subsidence. obdurate, past praying for, reprobate. sadly, sorrowfully, maudlinly,
ejaculate: (v) discharge, cry, exclaim, ANTONYMS: (adj) corrigible, mournfully, wetly, whimperingly.
craving for incongruity and for contrast, and so I took to vice. I have not said all
this to justify myself... But, no! I am lying. I did want to justify myself. I make
that little observation for my own benefit, gentlemen. I don't want to lie. I
vowed to myself I would not.%
And so, furtively, timidly, in solitude, at night, I indulged in filthy vice, with
a feeling of shame which never deserted me, even at the most loathsome
moments, and which at such moments nearly made me curse. Already even then
I had my underground world in my soul. I was fearfully afraid of being seen, of
being met, of being recognised. I visited various obscure haunts.
One night as I was passing a tavern I saw through a lighted window some
gentlemen fighting with billiard cues, and saw one of them thrown out of the
window. At other times I should have felt very much disgusted, but I was in
such a mood at the time, that I actually envied the gentleman thrown out of the
window—and I envied him so much that I even went into the tavern and into the
billiard-room. "Perhaps," I thought, "I'll have a fight, too, and they'll throw me
out of the window."
I was not drunk—but what is one to do—depression will drive a man to such
a pitch of hysteria? But nothing happened. It seemed that I was not even equal
to being thrown out of the window and I went away without having my fight.
An officer put me in my place from the first moment.
I was standing by the billiard-table and in my ignorance blocking up the way,
and he wanted to pass; he took me by the shoulders and without a word—
without a warning or explanation—moved me from where I was standing to
another spot and passed by as though he had not noticed me. I could have
forgiven blows, but I could not forgive his having moved me without noticing
me.
Devil knows what I would have given for a real regular quarrel—a more
decent, a more literary one, so to speak. I had been treated like a fly. This officer
was over six foot, while I was a spindly little fellow. But the quarrel was in my
hands. I had only to protest and I certainly would have been thrown out of the
window. But I changed my mind and preferred to beat a resentful retreat.
Thesaurus
billiard: (n) pool, one thousand disproportion, absurdity, paradox. resigned, unresentful, willing, sweet,
billions. ANTONYMS: (n) congruity, pleased.
furtively: (adv) stealthily, covertly, normality, agreement. spindly: (adj) lank, lanky, gangling,
surreptitiously, sneakily, indulged: (adj) pet, privileged, flimsy, rangy, lathy, thinner, fragile,
clandestinely, secretively, sly, cherished, admired. weak, stringy, lean.
sneakingly, underhandedly, lighted: (adj) illuminated, lit, light, timidly: (adv) fearfully, timorously,
undercoverly, craftily. ANTONYMS: ablaze, bright, ignited, burn, burning, cautiously, shyly, diffidently,
(adv) deliberately, brazenly. ignite, kindled, lighten. anxiously, nervously, shily, gingerly,
incongruity: (n) disharmony, resentful: (adj) angry, indignant, modestly, apprehensively.
contradiction, disagreement, malicious, resent, embittered, ANTONYMS: (adv) confidently,
incongruence, disparity, discrepancy, rancorous, envious, jealous, offended, bravely, daringly, brashly, fearlessly,
discord, unconformity, hurt, mad. ANTONYMS: (adj) decisively, brazenly.
I went out of the tavern straight home, confused and troubled, and the next
night I went out again with the same lewd intentions, still more furtively,
abjectly and miserably than before, as it were, with tears in my eyes—but still I
did go out again. Don't imagine, though, it was cowardice made me slink
away from the officer; I never have been a coward at heart, though I have always
been a coward in action. Don't be in a hurry to laugh—I assure you I can explain
it all.%
Oh, if only that officer had been one of the sort who would consent to fight a
duel! But no, he was one of those gentlemen (alas, long extinct!) who preferred
fighting with cues or, like Gogol's Lieutenant Pirogov, appealing to the police.
They did not fight duels and would have thought a duel with a civilian like me
an utterly unseemly procedure in any case—and they looked upon the duel
altogether as something impossible, something free-thinking and French. But
they were quite ready to bully, especially when they were over six foot.
I did not slink away through cowardice, but through an unbounded vanity. I
was afraid not of his six foot, not of getting a sound thrashing and being thrown
out of the window; I should have had physical courage enough, I assure you; but
I had not the moral courage. What I was afraid of was that everyone present,
from the insolent marker down to the lowest little stinking, pimply clerk in a
greasy collar, would jeer at me and fail to understand when I began to protest
and to address them in literary language. For of the point of honour—not of
honour, but of the point of honour (point d'honneur)—one cannot speak among us
except in literary language. You can't allude to the "point of honour" in ordinary
language. I was fully convinced (the sense of reality, in spite of all my
romanticism!) that they would all simply split their sides with laughter, and that
the officer would not simply beat me, that is, without insulting me, but would
certainly prod me in the back with his knee, kick me round the billiard- table,
and only then perhaps have pity and drop me out of the window.
Of course, this trivial incident could not with me end in that. I often met that
officer afterwards in the street and noticed him very carefully. I am not quite
sure whether he recognised me, I imagine not; I judge from certain signs. But I—
Thesaurus
abjectly: (adv) servilely, basely, lowly, submissive. prod: (n, v) poke, jab, push, drive,
pitifully, paltrily, menially, shabbily, jeer: (n, v) gibe, flout, deride, mock, thrust, stab, spur, shove; (v) impel,
grovelingly, wretchedly, squalidly, ridicule, hiss, taunt, scoff, laugh at, nudge, incite. ANTONYMS: (v)
sordidly. barrack; (n) mockery. ANTONYMS: discourage, calm.
allude: (v) advert, refer, hint, glance, (v) cheer, applaud. slink: (n, v) sneak; (v) creep, lurk, slip,
intimate, suggest, touch, bring up, lewd: (adj) indecent, dirty, bawdy, prowl, steal, glide, slide; (n) flinch,
mean, notice, pertain. filthy, abandoned, carnal, lustful, fight shy, shy.
insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive, impure, debauched; (adj, v) stinking: (adj) malodorous, putrid,
disrespectful, impudent, fresh, lecherous, dissolute. ANTONYMS: fetid, foul, smelly, loathsome,
arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive, (adj) decent, refined, chaste, clean. noisome, odorous, disgusting, funky,
brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) pimply: (adj) pimpled, acned, spotty, lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) fragrant,
respectful, modest, gracious, meek, pustulate. ANTONYM: (adj) smooth. clean, fresh.
I stared at him with spite and hatred and so it went on ... for several years! My
resentment grew even deeper with years. At first I began making stealthy
inquiries about this officer. It was difficult for me to do so, for I knew no one.
But one day I heard someone shout his surname in the street as I was following
him at a distance, as though I were tied to him—and so I learnt his surname.
Another time I followed him to his flat, and for ten kopecks learned from the
porter where he lived, on which storey, whether he lived alone or with others,
and so on—in fact, everything one could learn from a porter. One morning,
though I had never tried my hand with the pen, it suddenly occurred to me to
write a satire on this officer in the form of a novel which would unmask his
villainy. I wrote the novel with relish. I did unmask his villainy, I even
exaggerated it; at first I so altered his surname that it could easily be recognised,
but on second thoughts I changed it, and sent the story to the otetchestvenniya
zapiski. But at that time such attacks were not the fashion and my story was not
printed. That was a great vexation to me.%
Sometimes I was positively choked with resentment. At last I determined to
challenge my enemy to a duel. I composed a splendid, charming letter to him,
imploring him to apologise to me, and hinting rather plainly at a duel in case of
refusal. The letter was so composed that if the officer had had the least
understanding of the sublime and the beautiful he would certainly have flung
himself on my neck and have offered me his friendship. And how fine that
would have been! How we should have got on together! "He could have
shielded me with his higher rank, while I could have improved his mind with
my culture, and, well ... my ideas, and all sorts of things might have happened."
Only fancy, this was two years after his insult to me, and my challenge would
have been a ridiculous anachronism, in spite of all the ingenuity of my letter in
disguising and explaining away the anachronism. But, thank God (to this day I
thank the Almighty with tears in my eyes) I did not send the letter to him. Cold
shivers run down my back when I think of what might have happened if I had
sent it.
Thesaurus
anachronism: (n) anomaly, artefact, parody, ridicule, caricature, blatant.
artifact, parachronism, prochronism, burlesque, quip, spoof, derision; (v) unmask: (v) uncloak, expose, reveal,
timekeeping, mistiming, squib. debunk, uncover, unfold, unkennel,
antichronism, misdating. shielded: (adj) secure, safeguarded, detect, disclose, unseal, bare.
disguising: (n) cover-up. sheltered, defended, screened, ANTONYMS: (v) mask, conceal.
imploring: (adj) appealing, begging, watched over, enshield, enshielded, vexation: (adj, n) annoyance, nuisance;
suppliant, pleading, entreating, sacred, safe, secured. (n) irritation, worry, aggravation,
piteous, importunate, entreating shivers: (n) cold, jitters. displeasure, chagrin, chafe, anger,
urgently; (v) supplicate, plead; (n) stealthy: (adj) clandestine, secret, frustration, botheration.
prayer. surreptitious, sneaky, covert, private, villainy: (n) evil, infamy, crime,
learnt: (adj) learned. backstairs, concealed, feline; (adj, v) villany, misdeed, baseness, enormity,
satire: (n) sarcasm, lampoon, mockery, sly, insidious. ANTONYM: (adj) atrocity, evildoing, evilness, injustice.
And all at once I revenged myself in the simplest way, by a stroke of genius!
A brilliant thought suddenly dawned upon me. Sometimes on holidays I used to
stroll along the sunny side of the Nevsky about four o'clock in the afternoon.
Though it was hardly a stroll so much as a series of innumerable miseries,
humiliations and resentments; but no doubt that was just what I wanted. I used
to wriggle along in a most unseemly fashion, like an eel, continually moving
aside to make way for generals, for officers of the guards and the hussars, or for
ladies. At such minutes there used to be a convulsive twinge at my heart, and I
used to feel hot all down my back at the mere thought of the wretchedness of my
attire, of the wretchedness and abjectness of my little scurrying figure. This was
a regular martyrdom, a continual, intolerable humiliation at the thought, which
passed into an incessant and direct sensation, that I was a mere fly in the eyes of
all this world, a nasty, disgusting fly—more intelligent, more highly developed,
more refined in feeling than any of them, of course—but a fly that was
continually making way for everyone, insulted and injured by everyone. Why I
inflicted this torture upon myself, why I went to the Nevsky, I don't know. I felt
simply drawn there at every possible opportunity.%
Already then I began to experience a rush of the enjoyment of which I spoke
in the first chapter. After my affair with the officer I felt even more drawn there
than before: it was on the Nevsky that I met him most frequently, there I could
admire him. He, too, went there chiefly on holidays, He, too, turned out of his
path for generals and persons of high rank, and he too, wriggled between them
like an eel; but people, like me, or even better dressed than me, he simply walked
over; he made straight for them as though there was nothing but empty space
before him, and never, under any circumstances, turned aside. I gloated over my
resentment watching him and ... always resentfully made way for him. It
exasperated me that even in the street I could not be on an even footing with
him.
"Why must you invariably be the first to move aside?" I kept asking myself in
hysterical rage, waking up sometimes at three o'clock in the morning. "Why is it
you and not he? There's no regulation about it; there's no written law. Let the
Thesaurus
abjectness: (n) abasement, foundation, status, rank, foot, sweetly.
abjectedness, depression. pedestal, situation, relation, root. scurrying: (adj) faster, fast.
attire: (n, v) array, garb, apparel, wear; ANTONYM: (n) top. twinge: (n, v) pinch, sting; (n) pang,
(n) costume, garment, outfit, clothes; martyrdom: (n) torture, suffering, pain, stab, hurt, throb, qualm; (v) nip,
(v) enrobe, clothe, dress up. calvary, agony, pain, ordeal, prick, prickle.
ANTONYMS: (v) disrobe, bare, strip, Golgotha; (adj) devotion, suttee, wretchedness: (n) unhappiness, grief,
unclothe; (n) nakedness. stoicism; (v) vivisection. distress, desolation, woe, sorrow,
convulsive: (adj) spastic, galvanic, resentfully: (adv) bitterly, enviously, anguish, infelicity, tribulation,
fitful, paroxysmal, violent, choreic, jealously, indignantly, angrily, affliction, misfortune.
unsteady, hysterical; (v) unquiet, crossly, sulkily, maliciously, sullenly, wriggle: (n, v) squirm; (v) twist,
restless, saltatory. petulantly, reluctantly. ANTONYMS: wrench, worm, struggle, writhe, turn,
footing: (n) foothold, base, bottom, (adv) gladly, contentedly, graciously, wrestle, wind, creep, crawl.
making way be equal as it usually is when refined people meet; he moves half-
way and you move half-way; you pass with mutual respect."
But that never happened, and I always moved aside, while he did not even
notice my making way for him. And lo and behold a bright idea dawned upon
me! "What," I thought, "if I meet him and don't move on one side? What if I
don't move aside on purpose, even if I knock up against him? How would that
be?" This audacious idea took such a hold on me that it gave me no peace. I was
dreaming of it continually, horribly, and I purposely went more frequently to the
Nevsky in order to picture more vividly how I should do it when I did do it. I
was delighted. This intention seemed to me more and more practical and
possible.%
"Of course I shall not really push him," I thought, already more good-
natured in my joy. "I will simply not turn aside, will run up against him, not
very violently, but just shouldering each other—just as much as decency
permits. I will push against him just as much as he pushes against me." At last I
made up my mind completely. But my preparations took a great deal of time.
To begin with, when I carried out my plan I should need to be looking rather
more decent, and so I had to think of my get-up. "In case of emergency, if, for
instance, there were any sort of public scandal (and the public there is of the
most recherche: the Countess walks there; Prince D. walks there; all the literary
world is there), I must be well dressed; that inspires respect and of itself puts us
on an equal footing in the eyes of the society."
With this object I asked for some of my salary in advance, and bought at
Tchurkin's a pair of black gloves and a decent hat. Black gloves seemed to me
both more dignified and bon ton than the lemon-coloured ones which I had
contemplated at first. "The colour is too gaudy, it looks as though one were
trying to be conspicuous," and I did not take the lemon-coloured ones. I had got
ready long beforehand a good shirt, with white bone studs; my overcoat was the
only thing that held me back. The coat in itself was a very good one, it kept me
warm; but it was wadded and it had a raccoon collar which was the height of
vulgarity. I had to change the collar at any sacrifice, and to have a beaver one
Thesaurus
audacious: (adj) brash, arrogant, contemplated: (adj) intended, willful. racoon, procyonid, fur.
barefaced, bold, daring, impudent, gaudy: (adj) flashy, loud, showy, recherche: (n) chic, modish; (adj)
intrepid, brave, shameless, garish, flamboyant, tasteless, colorful, choice, rare, select, best, picked, elect,
enterprising, insolent. ANTONYMS: tacky, brassy, tawdry, florid. dainty, priceless, elegant.
(adj) modest, timid, cautious, polite, ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, shouldering: (n) assumption.
reserved, meek, humble, fearful, restrained, muted, drab, modest, studs: (n) jewelry.
discreet, respectful. dull, quality. vulgarity: (n) indecency, vulgarism,
beaver: (n) whiskers, opera hat, get-up: (n) outfit, garb, costume, grossness, inelegance, crudeness,
topper, top hat, stovepipe, alpha clothing, guise, disguise, attire, commonness, obscenity, rudeness,
geminorum, silk hat, high hat, eager apparel. crudity, boorishness, indelicacy.
beaver, dress hat; (adj) irrepressible. raccoon: (n) coon, racoon, ringtail, ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, purity,
bought: (n) crook, hook. pelt, common raccoon, common classiness, civility, taste, decency.
like an officer's. For this purpose I began visiting the Gostiny Dvor and after
several attempts I pitched upon a piece of cheap German beaver. Though these
German beavers soon grow shabby and look wretched, yet at first they look
exceedingly well, and I only needed it for the occasion. I asked the price; even
so, it was too expensive. After thinking it over thoroughly I decided to sell my
raccoon collar. The rest of the money—a considerable sum for me, I decided to
borrow from Anton Antonitch Syetotchkin, my immediate superior, an
unassuming person, though grave and judicious. He never lent money to
anyone, but I had, on entering the service, been specially recommended to him
by an important personage who had got me my berth. I was horribly worried.
To borrow from Anton Antonitch seemed to me monstrous and shameful. I did
not sleep for two or three nights. Indeed, I did not sleep well at that time, I was
in a fever; I had a vague sinking at my heart or else a sudden throbbing,
throbbing, throbbing! Anton Antonitch was surprised at first, then he frowned,
then he reflected, and did after all lend me the money, receiving from me a
written authorisation to take from my salary a fortnight later the sum that he had
lent me.%
In this way everything was at last ready. The handsome beaver replaced the
mean-looking raccoon, and I began by degrees to get to work. It would never
have done to act offhand, at random; the plan had to be carried out skilfully, by
degrees. But I must confess that after many efforts I began to despair: we simply
could not run into each other. I made every preparation, I was quite
determined—it seemed as though we should run into one another directly—and
before I knew what I was doing I had stepped aside for him again and he had
passed without noticing me. I even prayed as I approached him that God would
grant me determination. One time I had made up my mind thoroughly, but it
ended in my stumbling and falling at his feet because at the very last instant
when I was six inches from him my courage failed me. He very calmly stepped
over me, while I flew on one side like a ball. That night I was ill again, feverish
and delirious.
Thesaurus
beavers: (n) Sciuromorpha, suborder reasonable, balanced, lucid, collected, personage: (n) person, notable,
Sciuromorpha, Rodentia, Castoridae, clearheaded, calm, dejected. celebrity, personality, individual,
agoutis, order Rodentia, family lent: (n) Quadragesima, Lententide. bigwig, figure, somebody, human,
Castoridae. offhand: (adj, adv) impromptu, character, being.
berth: (n) bunk, place, bed, position, extemporaneous, extempore; (adj) unassuming: (adj) humble, retiring,
post, office, spot, situation; (n, v) casual, extemporary, careless, unobtrusive, lowly, quiet, diffident,
dock, wharf; (v) moor. cavalier, nonchalant, brusque, unpretentious, meek, simple,
delirious: (adj) crazy, wild, frantic, abrupt, improvised. ANTONYMS: inconspicuous, unaffected.
wandering, demented, excited, (adj) careful, considerate, warm, ANTONYMS: (adj) conspicuous,
insane, mad, frenetic, doting, drunk. serious, civil, cautious, conscientious, elaborate, bold, confident,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unexcited, concerned, caring, intended, presumptuous, pretentious, brash,
rational, composed, relaxed, prepared. wild.
And %suddenly it ended most happily. The night before I had made up my
mind not to carry out my fatal plan and to abandon it all, and with that object I
went to the Nevsky for the last time, just to see how I would abandon it all.
Suddenly, three paces from my enemy, I unexpectedly made up my mind—I
closed my eyes, and we ran full tilt, shoulder to shoulder, against one another! I
did not budge an inch and passed him on a perfectly equal footing! He did not
even look round and pretended not to notice it; but he was only pretending, I
am convinced of that. I am convinced of that to this day! Of course, I got the
worst of it—he was stronger, but that was not the point. The point was that I had
attained my object, I had kept up my dignity, I had not yielded a step, and had
put myself publicly on an equal social footing with him. I returned home feeling
that I was fully avenged for everything. I was delighted. I was triumphant and
sang Italian arias. Of course, I will not describe to you what happened to me
three days later; if you have read my first chapter you can guess for yourself.
The officer was afterwards transferred; I have not seen him now for fourteen
years. What is the dear fellow doing now? Whom is he walking over?
Thesaurus
budge: (adj, v) move, go; (v) stir, pretension, deception, deceit; (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) disappointed,
agitate, change, sway, dislodge, pretendingly. failing, losing, defeated, miserable,
bump, rouse, push; (adj) flit. sang: (n) panax quinquefolius, sing, sorrowful.
ANTONYMS: (v) remain, stay. herb, herbaceous plant. unexpectedly: (adv) by chance,
fourteen: (adj, n) XIV. tilt: (n, v) slant, slope, lean, list, rock, suddenly, abruptly, casually,
pretended: (adj, v) sham, mock, careen, sway; (v) pitch, tip, cant, unforeseenly, unawares, surprisingly,
counterfeit, pseudo, spurious; (adj) lurch. ANTONYMS: (n, v) surrender; unanticipatedly, hastily, strangely,
assumed, fake, feigned, fictitious, (n) agreement; (v) yield. circumstantially. ANTONYMS: (adv)
bogus, affected. triumphant: (adj) victorious, intentionally, gradually, normally,
pretending: (n, v) pretense; (n) successful, triumphal, exulting, predictably.
affectation, appearance, acting, winning, joyful, rejoicing, elated, went: (v) walked, proceeded.
pretence, mannerism, dissembling, conquering, prideful; (adj, v) exultant. yielded: (v) yold, yolden.
II
But %the period of my dissipation would end and I always felt very sick
afterwards. It was followed by remorse—I tried to drive it away; I felt too sick.
By degrees, however, I grew used to that too. I grew used to everything, or
rather I voluntarily resigned myself to enduring it. But I had a means of escape
that reconciled everything—that was to find refuge in "the sublime and the
beautiful," in dreams, of course. I was a terrible dreamer, I would dream for
three months on end, tucked away in my corner, and you may believe me that at
those moments I had no resemblance to the gentleman who, in the perturbation
of his chicken heart, put a collar of German beaver on his great-coat. I suddenly
became a hero. I would not have admitted my six-foot lieutenant even if he had
called on me. I could not even picture him before me then. What were my
dreams and how I could satisfy myself with them—it is hard to say now, but at
the time I was satisfied with them. Though, indeed, even now, I am to some
extent satisfied with them. Dreams were particularly sweet and vivid after a
spell of dissipation; they came with remorse and with tears, with curses and
transports. There were moments of such positive intoxication, of such
happiness, that there was not the faintest trace of irony within me, on my
honour. I had faith, hope, love. I believed blindly at such times that by some
miracle, by some external circumstance, all this would suddenly open out,
expand; that suddenly a vista of suitable activity—beneficent, good, and, above
Thesaurus
dissipation: (n) waste, dissolution, enduring: (adj) durable, abiding, perturbation: (n) commotion,
licentiousness, extravagance, excess, lasting, permanent, continuing, agitation, fuss, emotion, excitement,
profligacy, consumption, constant, hardy, immortal, eternal, confusion, dislocation, discomposure,
decomposition, disintegration; (n, v) stable; (adv) enduringly. interruption; (adj, n, v) trepidation;
diffusion, dissemination. ANTONYMS: (adj) impatient, (adj, n) flutter.
ANTONYMS: (n) appearance, transient, fleeting, mortal, modern, refuge: (n) sanctuary, asylum, safety,
growth, restraint, moderation, insubstantial, inconstant, fickle, retreat, cover, harborage, haven,
decency, uprightness. erratic, unstable. shelter, harbor; (n, v) recourse, resort.
dreamer: (n) romancer, visionary, intoxication: (n) inebriation, inebriety, vista: (n) outlook, panorama, horizon,
daydreamer, woolgatherer, seer, poisoning, tipsiness, fascination, aspect, scene, landscape, scenery,
sleeper, slumberer, illusionist, grogginess, ecstasy, daze, excitement, picture, alley; (adj, n) view,
logician, philosopher, escapist. euphoria, wine. perspective.
all, ready made (what sort of activity I had no idea, but the great thing was that it
should be all ready for me)—would rise up before me—and I should come out
into the light of day, almost riding a white horse and crowned with laurel.
Anything but the foremost place I could not conceive for myself, and for that
very reason I quite contentedly occupied the lowest in reality. Either to be a hero
or to grovel in the mud—there was nothing between. That was my ruin, for
when I was in the mud I comforted myself with the thought that at other times I
was a hero, and the hero was a cloak for the mud: for an ordinary man it was
shameful to defile himself, but a hero was too lofty to be utterly defiled, and so
he might defile himself. It is worth noting that these attacks of the "sublime and
the beautiful" visited me even during the period of dissipation and just at the
times when I was touching the bottom. They came in separate spurts, as though
reminding me of themselves, but did not banish the dissipation by their
appearance. On the contrary, they seemed to add a zest to it by contrast, and
were only sufficiently present to serve as an appetising sauce. That sauce was
made up of contradictions and sufferings, of agonising inward analysis, and all
these pangs and pin-pricks gave a certain piquancy, even a significance to my
dissipation—in fact, completely answered the purpose of an appetising sauce.
There was a certain depth of meaning in it. And I could hardly have resigned
myself to the simple, vulgar, direct debauchery of a clerk and have endured all
the filthiness of it. What could have allured me about it then and have drawn
me at night into the street? No, I had a lofty way of getting out of it all.%
And what loving-kindness, oh Lord, what loving-kindness I felt at times in
those dreams of mine! in those "flights into the sublime and the beautiful";
though it was fantastic love, though it was never applied to anything human in
reality, yet there was so much of this love that one did not feel afterwards even
the impulse to apply it in reality; that would have been superfluous. Everything,
however, passed satisfactorily by a lazy and fascinating transition into the sphere
of art, that is, into the beautiful forms of life, lying ready, largely stolen from the
poets and novelists and adapted to all sorts of needs and uses. I, for instance,
was triumphant over everyone; everyone, of course, was in dust and ashes, and
was forced spontaneously to recognise my superiority, and I forgave them all. I
Thesaurus
agonising: (adj) agonizing, taint, tarnish, infect; (n, v) soil. baseness, uncleanliness, coarseness,
torturesome, torturing, torturous, ANTONYMS: (v) purify, consecrate, squalidity, impurity. ANTONYM: (n)
excruciating, painful, harrowing. conserve, honor, respect, sanctify, cleanliness.
appetising: (adj) savory, tasty. cleanse, praise. forgave: (v) to excuse.
debauchery: (n) dissipation, defiled: (adj) impure, polluted, dirty, grovel: (v) cringe, crawl, creep, fawn,
depravity, revel, excess, maculate, debauched, contaminated, flatter, sneak; (adj, v) crouch, wallow;
dissoluteness, riot, revelry, orgy, vice, corrupt, violated, tainted, abusive, (adj) stoop, derogate, lose caste.
bacchanal, Bacchanalia. adulterate. ANTONYMS: (adj) pangs: (n) anguish, compunction,
ANTONYMS: (n) chastity, hallowed, purified, sanctified, contrition, distress.
uprightness, decency, restraint. cleansed, untarnished. piquancy: (n) pungency, zest, tang,
defile: (adj, v) debauch, pollute, stain, filthiness: (n) filth, dirt, nastiness, flavour, spice, nip, taste, galvanism,
sully; (v) corrupt, contaminate, foul, foulness, unsanitariness, obscenity, flavor, bite; (adj) antithesis.
was a poet and a grand gentleman, I fell in love; I came in for countless millions
and immediately devoted them to humanity, and at the same time I confessed
before all the people my shameful deeds, which, of course, were not merely
shameful, but had in them much that was "sublime and beautiful" something in
the Manfred style. Everyone would kiss me and weep (what idiots they would
be if they did not), while I should go barefoot and hungry preaching new ideas
and fighting a victorious Austerlitz against the obscurantists. Then the band
would play a march, an amnesty would be declared, the Pope would agree to
retire from Rome to Brazil; then there would be a ball for the whole of Italy at the
Villa Borghese on the shores of Lake Como, Lake Como being for that purpose
transferred to the neighbourhood of Rome; then would come a scene in the
bushes, and so on, and so on—as though you did not know all about it? You will
say that it is vulgar and contemptible to drag all this into public after all the tears
and transports which I have myself confessed. But why is it contemptible? Can
you imagine that I am ashamed of it all, and that it was stupider than anything in
your life, gentlemen? And I can assure you that some of these fancies were by
no means badly composed... It did not all happen on the shores of Lake Como.
And yet you are right—it really is vulgar and contemptible. And most
contemptible of all it is that now I am attempting to justify myself to you. And
even more contemptible than that is my making this remark now. But that's
enough, or there will be no end to it; each step will be more contemptible than
the last...%
I could never stand more than three months of dreaming at a time without
feeling an irresistible desire to plunge into society. To plunge into society meant
to visit my superior at the office, Anton Antonitch Syetotchkin. He was the only
permanent acquaintance I have had in my life, and I wonder at the fact myself
now. But I only went to see him when that phase came over me, and when my
dreams had reached such a point of bliss that it became essential at once to
embrace my fellows and all mankind; and for that purpose I needed, at least, one
human being, actually existing. I had to call on Anton Antonitch, however, on
Tuesday—his at-home day; so I had always to time my passionate desire to
embrace humanity so that it might fall on a Tuesday.
Thesaurus
barefoot: (adj) shoeless, unshod, bare plummet; (adj, v) immerse. unsuccessful, failing, losing,
footed. ANTONYM: (adj) shoed. ANTONYMS: (n, v) rise; (v) hesitate; sorrowful.
bliss: (n) happiness, joy, ecstasy, (n) improvement. vulgar: (adj) rude, coarse, plebeian,
pleasure, paradise, blessedness, preaching: (n) sermon, lecture, nasty, common, foul, indecent, gross,
felicity, elation, beatitude, heaven, homily, preachment, baccalaureate, unrefined; (adj, n) low, vile.
blessing. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, speech, pulpit, exhortation, kerygma; ANTONYMS: (adj) refined,
sorrow, agony, grief, anguish, (v) preach; (adj) hence. sophisticated, tasteful, polite,
sadness, suffering, gloom, hell, victorious: (adj) triumphant, aesthetic, muted, fashionable, decent,
dissatisfaction. successful, winning, jubilant, victor, artistic, pleasant, clean.
fancies: (n) stock. fortunate, lifted up; (adj, v) weep: (v) wail, bawl, lament, sob,
plunge: (n, v) drop, dive, fall, jump; (v) triumphal, exultant, triumphing, on blubber, moan, howl, drip, greet,
douse, duck, submerge, crash, dunk, top. ANTONYMS: (adj) beaten, whimper; (n) tear.
This Anton Antonitch lived on the fourth storey in a house in Five Corners, in
four low-pitched rooms, one smaller than the other, of a particularly frugal and
sallow appearance. He had two daughters and their aunt, who used to pour out
the tea. Of the daughters one was thirteen and another fourteen, they both had
snub noses, and I was awfully shy of them because they were always whispering
and giggling together. The master of the house usually sat in his study on a
leather couch in front of the table with some grey-headed gentleman, usually a
colleague from our office or some other department. I never saw more than two
or three visitors there, always the same. They talked about the excise duty;
about business in the senate, about salaries, about promotions, about His
Excellency, and the best means of pleasing him, and so on. I had the patience to
sit like a fool beside these people for four hours at a stretch, listening to them
without knowing what to say to them or venturing to say a word. I became
stupefied, several times I felt myself perspiring, I was overcome by a sort of
paralysis; but this was pleasant and good for me. On returning home I deferred
for a time my desire to embrace all mankind.%
I had however one other acquaintance of a sort, Simonov, who was an old
schoolfellow. I had a number of schoolfellows, indeed, in Petersburg, but I did
not associate with them and had even given up nodding to them in the street. I
believe I had transferred into the department I was in simply to avoid their
company and to cut off all connection with my hateful childhood. Curses on that
school and all those terrible years of penal servitude! In short, I parted from my
schoolfellows as soon as I got out into the world. There were two or three left to
whom I nodded in the street. One of them was Simonov, who had in no way
been distinguished at school, was of a quiet and equable disposition; but I
discovered in him a certain independence of character and even honesty I don't
even suppose that he was particularly stupid. I had at one time spent some
rather soulful moments with him, but these had not lasted long and had
somehow been suddenly clouded over. He was evidently uncomfortable at these
reminiscences, and was, I fancy, always afraid that I might take up the same tone
again. I suspected that he had an aversion for me, but still I went on going to see
him, not being quite certain of it.
Thesaurus
equable: (adj) equal, temperate, stable, perspiring: (adj) sweaty, sweating, school friend, school pal.
mild, balanced, peaceful, halcyon, wet, warm, activity, sudatory, servitude: (n) bondage, serfdom,
placid, pacific, sedate, moderate. perspirable, emitting perspiration, enslavement, captivity, slavery, yoke,
ANTONYMS: (adj) spasmodic, body process, bodily process, bodily vassalage, thrall, easement, serfhood,
vacillating, variable, unequal, function. dependency. ANTONYM: (n)
irregular, intemperate, fluctuating, sallow: (adj) pasty, pallid, bloodless, freedom.
inequable, jumpy, senseless. sickly, wan, ashen, fair, white, tawny, stupefied: (adj) stunned, amazed,
excise: (n) duty, tax, custom, tariff, toll, sandy; (n) osier. ANTONYMS: (adj) astonished, bewildered, astounded,
levy; (v) cut out, cut, remove, edit, dark, glowing. dumbfounded, stupid, confused,
delete. ANTONYM: (v) insert. schoolfellow: (n) classmate, class flabbergasted, dumfounded, groggy.
giggling: (n) laughter. fellow, bookmate, acquaintance, ANTONYMS: (adj) precise,
low-pitched: (adj) quiet, faint, gentle. condisciple, friend, school chum, unimpressed.
And %so on one occasion, unable to endure my solitude and knowing that as
it was Thursday Anton Antonitch's door would be closed, I thought of Simonov.
Climbing up to his fourth storey I was thinking that the man disliked me and
that it was a mistake to go and see him. But as it always happened that such
reflections impelled me, as though purposely, to put myself into a false position,
I went in. It was almost a year since I had last seen Simonov.
Thesaurus
disliked: (adj) hated, detested, averse, dishonest, erroneous, sham, misapprehend. ANTONYMS: (v)
lousy, loath, undesirable, assumed, artificial, fictitious, appreciate, distinguish, interpret.
companionless. ANTONYMS: (adj) deceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) real, solitude: (n) desolation, loneliness,
popular, liked. genuine, faithful, factual, correct, seclusion, privacy, aloneness,
endure: (adj, n, v) continue, support; natural, truthful, honest, valid, just, isolation, retirement, lonesomeness,
(n, v) bear, suffer, stand, be; (v) loyal. retreat, desert, solitariness.
accept, undergo, allow, stay, tolerate. impelled: (adj) prompted, provoked, ANTONYMS: (n) companionship,
ANTONYMS: (v) perish, die, break, determined, compulsive, encouraged, closeness.
fall, discontinue, crumble, end, enjoy, goaded, motivated, bound. storey: (n) floor, story, loft, layer,
resign, quit, collapse. mistake: (n, v) miss, blunder, err, slip; garret, cellar, mezzanine, basement,
false: (adj, n) bastard; (adj, adv) (n) failure, error, misconception, stage, structure, deck.
counterfeit, deceitful; (adj) untrue, misapprehension, defect, demerit; (v)
III
I found two of my old schoolfellows with him. They seemed to be discussing

an important matter. All of them took scarcely any notice of my entrance, which
was strange, for I had not met them for years. Evidently they looked upon me as
something on the level of a common fly. I had not been treated like that even at
school, though they all hated me. I knew, of course, that they must despise me
now for my lack of success in the service, and for my having let myself sink so
low, going about badly dressed and so on—which seemed to them a sign of my
incapacity and insignificance. But I had not expected such contempt. Simonov
was positively surprised at my turning up. Even in old days he had always
seemed surprised at my coming. All this disconcerted me: I sat down, feeling
rather miserable, and began listening to what they were saying.%
They were engaged in warm and earnest conversation about a farewell
dinner which they wanted to arrange for the next day to a comrade of theirs
called Zverkov, an officer in the army, who was going away to a distant
province. This Zverkov had been all the time at school with me too. I had begun
to hate him particularly in the upper forms. In the lower forms he had simply
been a pretty, playful boy whom everybody liked. I had hated him, however,
even in the lower forms, just because he was a pretty and playful boy. He was
always bad at his lessons and got worse and worse as he went on; however, he
left with a good certificate, as he had powerful interests. During his last year at
Thesaurus
comrade: (n) colleague, chum, buddy, incapacity: (n) inability, impotence, ANTONYMS: (n) seriousness,
fellow, compeer, partner, brother, incapability, disqualification, importance, gravity, appropriateness,
mate, familiar; (adj, n) associate, ally. inadequacy, disablement, value, fame.
ANTONYMS: (n) stranger, enemy, inefficiency, powerlessness, playful: (adj) frisky, humorous,
foe, opponent. insufficiency, incompetency; (adj) kittenish, mischievous, skittish,
disconcerted: (adj) confused, imbecility. ANTONYMS: (n) impish, naughty, merry, lighthearted,
confounded, bewildered, blank, capacity, ability, strength. frivolous, frolicsome. ANTONYMS:
embarrassed, disturbed, troubled, insignificance: (n) unimportance, (adj) serious, lethargic, solemn, staid,
worried, ashamed, discombobulated, insignificancy, indifference, subdued, heavy.
bemused. ANTONYMS: (adj) immateriality, inconsiderableness, province: (n, v) district, department;
composed, soothed, unabashed, slightness, smallness, meanness, (n) field, county, land, region,
relaxed. littleness, futility, inconsequentiality. domain, colony, duty, sphere, line.
school %he came in for an estate of two hundred serfs, and as almost all of us
were poor he took up a swaggering tone among us. He was vulgar in the
extreme, but at the same time he was a good-natured fellow, even in his
swaggering. In spite of superficial, fantastic and sham notions of honour and
dignity, all but very few of us positively grovelled before Zverkov, and the more
so the more he swaggered. And it was not from any interested motive that they
grovelled, but simply because he had been favoured by the gifts of nature.
Moreover, it was, as it were, an accepted idea among us that Zverkov was a
specialist in regard to tact and the social graces. This last fact particularly
infuriated me. I hated the abrupt self-confident tone of his voice, his admiration
of his own witticisms, which were often frightfully stupid, though he was bold in
his language; I hated his handsome, but stupid face (for which I would, however,
have gladly exchanged my intelligent one), and the free-and-easy military
manners in fashion in the "'forties." I hated the way in which he used to talk of
his future conquests of women (he did not venture to begin his attack upon
women until he had the epaulettes of an officer, and was looking forward to
them with impatience), and boasted of the duels he would constantly be fighting.
I remember how I, invariably so taciturn, suddenly fastened upon Zverkov,
when one day talking at a leisure moment with his schoolfellows of his future
relations with the fair sex, and growing as sportive as a puppy in the sun, he all
at once declared that he would not leave a single village girl on his estate
unnoticed, that that was his droit de seigneur, and that if the peasants dared to
protest he would have them all flogged and double the tax on them, the bearded
rascals. Our servile rabble applauded, but I attacked him, not from compassion
for the girls and their fathers, but simply because they were applauding such an
insect. I got the better of him on that occasion, but though Zverkov was stupid
he was lively and impudent, and so laughed it off, and in such a way that my
victory was not really complete; the laugh was on his side. He got the better of
me on several occasions afterwards, but without malice, jestingly, casually. I
remained angrily and contemptuously silent and would not answer him. When
we left school he made advances to me; I did not rebuff them, for I was flattered,
but we soon parted and quite naturally. Afterwards I heard of his barrack-room
Thesaurus
applauding: (adj) plauditory. seigneur: (n) lord, seignior, overlord, swaggering: (adj) hectoring,
jestingly: (adv) facetiously, jocularly, master. swashbuckling, supercilious, sniffy,
jocosely, in jest. self-confident: (adj) assured, cocky, boastful, lordly, disdainful, prideful;
rabble: (n) crowd, masses, trash, herd, confident, assertive, jaunty, sanguine, (v) swagger; (n) boasting, bravado.
canaille, people, rout, ragtag, horde, secure, self-sufficient, certain. ANTONYM: (adj) insecure.
gang, riffraff. servile: (adj) abject, obsequious, base, taciturn: (adj) silent, quiet, reserved,
rebuff: (n, v) snub, check, cut; (v) fawning, ignoble, sordid, subservient, uncommunicative, speechless,
reject, ignore, decline, repel; (n) cringing, slavish; (adj, n) mean, low. secretive, mute, withdrawn, distant,
denial, defeat, rebuke, rejection. ANTONYMS: (adj) bossy, assertive. mum, incommunicative.
ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance, sportive: (adj) frolicsome, jocund, gay, ANTONYMS: (adj) wordy, voluble,
approval, agreement; (v) welcome, jolly, cheerful, lively, merry, communicative, forthcoming, fluent,
acknowledge, agree. rollicking, mirthful, vivacious, blithe. open.
success as a lieutenant, and of the fast life he was leading. Then there came other
rumours—of his successes in the service. By then he had taken to cutting me in
the street, and I suspected that he was afraid of compromising himself by
greeting a personage as insignificant as me. I saw him once in the theatre, in the
third tier of boxes. By then he was wearing shoulder-straps. He was twisting
and twirling about, ingratiating himself with the daughters of an ancient
General. In three years he had gone off considerably, though he was still rather
handsome and adroit. One could see that by the time he was thirty he would be
corpulent. So it was to this Zverkov that my schoolfellows were going to give a
dinner on his departure. They had kept up with him for those three years,
though privately they did not consider themselves on an equal footing with him,
I am convinced of that.%
Of Simonov's two visitors, one was Ferfitchkin, a Russianised German—a
little fellow with the face of a monkey, a blockhead who was always deriding
everyone, a very bitter enemy of mine from our days in the lower forms—a
vulgar, impudent, swaggering fellow, who affected a most sensitive feeling of
personal honour, though, of course, he was a wretched little coward at heart. He
was one of those worshippers of Zverkov who made up to the latter from
interested motives, and often borrowed money from him. Simonov's other
visitor, Trudolyubov, was a person in no way remarkable—a tall young fellow,
in the army, with a cold face, fairly honest, though he worshipped success of
every sort, and was only capable of thinking of promotion. He was some sort of
distant relation of Zverkov's, and this, foolish as it seems, gave him a certain
importance among us. He always thought me of no consequence whatever; his
behaviour to me, though not quite courteous, was tolerable.
"Well, with seven roubles each," said Trudolyubov, "twenty-one roubles
between the three of us, we ought to be able to get a good dinner. Zverkov, of
course, won't pay."
"Of course not, since we are inviting him," Simonov decided.
"Can you imagine," Ferfitchkin interrupted hotly and conceitedly, like some
insolent flunkey boasting of his master the General's decorations, "can you
Thesaurus
adroit: (adj) dexterous, ingenious, moderate, vulnerable, awkward, ANTONYMS: (adj) slight, bony,
slick, intelligent, expert, artful, able, intermediate, flexible, inculpatory; underweight, slender, anorexic, thin,
clever, adept, politic, sharp. (adv) halfway. slim.
ANTONYMS: (adj) awkward, conceitedly: (adv) vainly, arrogantly, flunkey: (n, v) flunky; (n) lackey,
maladroit, dim, inept, bumbling, boastfully, proudly, snootily, butler, footman, dweeb, valet de
stupid, unskilled, dense, fumbling, egotistically, overweeningly, chambre, crawler, flatterer; (v) hanger
naive, incompetent. haughtily, superciliously, cockily, on, lapdog, led captain.
blockhead: (n) dunderhead, ass, idiot, pompously. ANTONYM: (adv) ingratiating: (adj) fawning, taking,
beetlehead, dunce, dolt, fool, modestly. pleasing, toadying, sycophantic,
loggerhead, muttonhead, corpulent: (adj, adv) portly; (adj) stout, unctuous, disarming, fascinating,
knucklehead; (n, v) block. obese, overweight, fleshy, plump, charming, winning, smooth.
compromising: (adj) conciliatory, lusty, tubby, chubby, beefy, bulky. visitors: (n) visitation.
imagine that Zverkov will let us pay alone? He will accept from delicacy, but he
will order half a dozen bottles of champagne."
"Do we want half a dozen for the four of us?" observed Trudolyubov, taking
notice only of the half dozen.%
"So the three of us, with Zverkov for the fourth, twenty-one roubles, at the
Hotel de Paris at five o'clock tomorrow," Simonov, who had been asked to make
the arrangements, concluded finally.
"How twenty-one roubles?" I asked in some agitation, with a show of being
offended; "if you count me it will not be twenty-one, but twenty-eight roubles."
It seemed to me that to invite myself so suddenly and unexpectedly would
be positively graceful, and that they would all be conquered at once and would
look at me with respect.
"Do you want to join, too?" Simonov observed, with no appearance of
pleasure, seeming to avoid looking at me. He knew me through and through.
It infuriated me that he knew me so thoroughly.
"Why not? I am an old schoolfellow of his, too, I believe, and I must own I
feel hurt that you have left me out," I said, boiling over again.
"And where were we to find you?" Ferfitchkin put in roughly.
"You never were on good terms with Zverkov," Trudolyubov added,
frowning.
But I had already clutched at the idea and would not give it up.
"It seems to me that no one has a right to form an opinion upon that," I
retorted in a shaking voice, as though something tremendous had happened.
"Perhaps that is just my reason for wishing it now, that I have not always been on
good terms with him."
"Oh, there's no making you out ... with these refinements," Trudolyubov
jeered.
"We'll put your name down," Simonov decided, addressing me. "Tomorrow
at five-o'clock at the Hotel de Paris."
Thesaurus
clutched: (adj) tense, worried, anxious, toughness, durability, frankness, awkward, vigorous, jerky, ugly,
neurotic. inelegance, ruggedness, vulgarity, stilted, heavy, coarse, strenuous.
conquered: (adj) overcome, tactlessness, insensitivity, inaccuracy, invite: (v) tempt, allure, bid, call,
vanquished, overwhelmed, crushed, clumsiness. entice, ask, summon, attract, receive,
subdued, profligate, routed, frowning: (adj) dismal, dark, gloomy, solicit; (n) invitation. ANTONYMS:
overthrown, done for, under enemy lowering, scowling, frowny, clouded; (v) elect, repel.
control, baffled. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adv) frowningly; (n) austere, seeming: (adj) ostensible, superficial,
victorious, liberated. boisterous, coarse. illusory, outward, probable,
delicacy: (adj, n) weakness, fragility, graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate, deceptive, specious; (adj, n)
tidbit; (n) finesse, daintiness, delicate, amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair, appearance, semblance; (n) aspect,
elegance, sensitivity, luxury, treat, airy, becoming, lovely, lithe. show. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual,
airiness. ANTONYMS: (n) sturdiness, ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, stocky, deep, inner.
"What about the money?" Ferfitchkin began in an undertone, indicating me

to Simonov, but he broke off, for even Simonov was embarrassed.%
"That will do," said Trudolyubov, getting up. "If he wants to come so much,
let him."
"But it's a private thing, between us friends," Ferfitchkin said crossly, as he,
too, picked up his hat. "It's not an official gathering."
"We do not want at all, perhaps ..."
They went away. Ferfitchkin did not greet me in any way as he went out,
Trudolyubov barely nodded. Simonov, with whom I was left tete-a-tete, was in a
state of vexation and perplexity, and looked at me queerly. He did not sit down
and did not ask me to.
"H'm ... yes ... tomorrow, then. Will you pay your subscription now? I just
ask so as to know," he muttered in embarrassment.
I flushed crimson, as I did so I remembered that I had owed Simonov fifteen
roubles for ages—which I had, indeed, never forgotten, though I had not paid it.
"You will understand, Simonov, that I could have no idea when I came here...
I am very much vexed that I have forgotten..."
"All right, all right, that doesn't matter. You can pay tomorrow after the
dinner. I simply wanted to know... Please don't ..."
He broke off and began pacing the room still more vexed. As he walked he
began to stamp with his heels.
"Am I keeping you?" I asked, after two minutes of silence.
"Oh!" he said, starting, "that is—to be truthful—yes. I have to go and see
someone ... not far from here," he added in an apologetic voice, somewhat
abashed.
"My goodness, why didn't you say so?" I cried, seizing my cap, with an
astonishingly free-and-easy air, which was the last thing I should have expected
of myself.
Thesaurus
abashed: (adj, v) discomfited; (adj) pacing: (n) accelerando, andante, singularly, comically, fantasticly,
mortified, sheepish, embarrassed, allegro, allegretto, pace, walk, tempo, fantastically, funny, suspiciously.
ashamed, confused, humiliated, musical time, maneuvering alongside tete-a-tete: (n) gab, conversation, chat.
afraid, shamefaced, confounded; (v) another vessel, cardiac pacing. undertone: (n) undercurrent, murmur,
dashed. ANTONYMS: (adj) proud, perplexity: (n) confusion, dilemma, tinge, nuance, whisper, suggestion,
undaunted, reassured, pleased, bewilderment, maze, labyrinth, implication, connotation, overtone,
heartened, emboldened, cool, embarrassment, quandary, association, hint.
confident, composed, relaxed, complication, enigma; (adj, n) vexed: (adj) troubled, irritated, angry,
unabashed. difficulty, distress. ANTONYM: (n) pestered, peeved, harassed, sore,
crimson: (adj, n) carmine, ruby, scarlet, understanding. harried, uneasy, cross, offended.
maroon; (v) blush, flush, redden; (adj) queerly: (adv) curiously, funnily, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
bloody, ruddy, cherry; (n) deep red. fishily, strangely, peculiarly, uncomplicated.
"It's close by ... not two paces away," Simonov repeated, accompanying me to
the front door with a fussy air which did not suit him at all. "So five o'clock,
punctually, tomorrow," he called down the stairs after me. He was very glad to
get rid of me. I was in a fury.%
"What possessed me, what possessed me to force myself upon them?" I
wondered, grinding my teeth as I strode along the street, "for a scoundrel, a pig
like that Zverkov! Of course I had better not go; of course, I must just snap my
fingers at them. I am not bound in any way. I'll send Simonov a note by
tomorrow's post..."
But what made me furious was that I knew for certain that I should go, that I
should make a point of going; and the more tactless, the more unseemly my
going would be, the more certainly I would go.
And there was a positive obstacle to my going: I had no money. All I had
was nine roubles, I had to give seven of that to my servant, Apollon, for his
monthly wages. That was all I paid him—he had to keep himself.
Not to pay him was impossible, considering his character. But I will talk
about that fellow, about that plague of mine, another time.
However, I knew I should go and should not pay him his wages.
That night I had the most hideous dreams. No wonder; all the evening I had
been oppressed by memories of my miserable days at school, and I could not
shake them off. I was sent to the school by distant relations, upon whom I was
dependent and of whom I have heard nothing since—they sent me there a
forlorn, silent boy, already crushed by their reproaches, already troubled by
doubt, and looking with savage distrust at everyone. My schoolfellows met me
with spiteful and merciless jibes because I was not like any of them. But I could
not endure their taunts; I could not give in to them with the ignoble readiness
with which they gave in to one another. I hated them from the first, and shut
myself away from everyone in timid, wounded and disproportionate pride.
Their coarseness revolted me. They laughed cynically at my face, at my clumsy
figure; and yet what stupid faces they had themselves. In our school the boys'
faces seemed in a special way to degenerate and grow stupider. How many fine-
Thesaurus
coarseness: (n) grossness, indelicacy, incredulously, satirically. strictly, sharp.
inelegance, indecency, vulgarism, ANTONYMS: (adv) optimistically, revolted: (adj) sickened, sick, shocked,
commonness, rudeness, inferiority, kindly. horrified, disgusted, appalled.
crudeness, crudity, awkwardness. merciless: (adj) brutal, pitiless, tactless: (adj) impolitic, maladroit,
ANTONYMS: (n) delicacy, purity, unmerciful, remorseless, heartless, clumsy, tasteless, indiscreet,
refinement, smoothness, implacable, inhuman, hard, grim, indelicate, blunt, thoughtless,
sophistication, tastefulness, civility, barbarous, unfeeling. ANTONYMS: awkward, insensitive, inept.
grace, propriety, decency. (adj) charitable, kind, humane, soft, ANTONYMS: (adj) diplomatic,
cynically: (adv) sarcastically, caring, tolerant. thoughtful, discreet, considerate,
derisively, scornfully, mockingly, punctually: (adv) precisely, exactly, fitting, careful, tasteful, sensitive,
doubtfully, contemptuously, duly, accurately, correctly, on time, urbane, appropriate, kind.
skeptically, suspiciously, negatively, regularly, timely, punctiliously, taunts: (n) mocking, jeers.
looking %boys came to us! In a few years they became repulsive. Even at sixteen
I wondered at them morosely; even then I was struck by the pettiness of their
thoughts, the stupidity of their pursuits, their games, their conversations. They
had no understanding of such essential things, they took no interest in such
striking, impressive subjects, that I could not help considering them inferior to
myself. It was not wounded vanity that drove me to it, and for God's sake do not
thrust upon me your hackneyed remarks, repeated to nausea, that "I was only a
dreamer," while they even then had an understanding of life. They understood
nothing, they had no idea of real life, and I swear that that was what made me
most indignant with them. On the contrary, the most obvious, striking reality
they accepted with fantastic stupidity and even at that time were accustomed to
respect success. Everything that was just, but oppressed and looked down upon,
they laughed at heartlessly and shamefully. They took rank for intelligence;
even at sixteen they were already talking about a snug berth. Of course, a great
deal of it was due to their stupidity, to the bad examples with which they had
always been surrounded in their childhood and boyhood. They were
monstrously depraved. Of course a great deal of that, too, was superficial and an
assumption of cynicism; of course there were glimpses of youth and freshness
even in their depravity; but even that freshness was not attractive, and showed
itself in a certain rakishness. I hated them horribly, though perhaps I was worse
than any of them. They repaid me in the same way, and did not conceal their
aversion for me. But by then I did not desire their affection: on the contrary, I
continually longed for their humiliation. To escape from their derision I
purposely began to make all the progress I could with my studies and forced my
way to the very top. This impressed them. Moreover, they all began by degrees
to grasp that I had already read books none of them could read, and understood
things (not forming part of our school curriculum) of which they had not even
heard. They took a savage and sarcastic view of it, but were morally impressed,
especially as the teachers began to notice me on those grounds. The mockery
ceased, but the hostility remained, and cold and strained relations became
permanent between us. In the end I could not put up with it: with years a
craving for society, for friends, developed in me. I attempted to get on friendly
Thesaurus
hackneyed: (adj) banal, trite, common, morosely: (adv) grumpily, sourly, rakishness: (n) dapperness, nattiness,
stock, corny, conventional, stale, peevishly, sulkily, glumly, dourly, swank, stylishness, smartness,
threadbare, tired, platitudinous, moodily, gloomily, petulantly, debauchery, modishness,
unoriginal. ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, dismally, gruffly. ANTONYM: (adv) incontinence, breeziness, chic,
novel, imaginative, exceptional. cheerily. dissoluteness.
heartlessly: (adv) mercilessly, pettiness: (n) insignificance, shamefully: (adv) ignominiously,
pitilessly, ruthlessly, inhumanly, slightness, triviality, parsimony, ingloriously, scandalously,
callously, unkindly, unfeelingly, littleness, tightness, tightfistedness, infamously, shockingly,
brutally, unsympathetically, harshly, narrowness, stinginess, frivolity, discreditably, basely, outrageously;
insensitively. ANTONYMS: (adv) niggardliness. ANTONYMS: (n) (adv, v) dishonorably, foully, nastily.
sympathetically, sensitively, nobility, importance, maturity, ANTONYMS: (adv) commendably,
mercifully, humanely. generosity. compassionately, nobly.
terms with some of my schoolfellows; %but somehow or other my intimacy with

them was always strained and soon ended of itself. Once, indeed, I did have a
friend. But I was already a tyrant at heart; I wanted to exercise unbounded sway
over him; I tried to instil into him a contempt for his surroundings; I required of
him a disdainful and complete break with those surroundings. I frightened him
with my passionate affection; I reduced him to tears, to hysterics. He was a
simple and devoted soul; but when he devoted himself to me entirely I began to
hate him immediately and repulsed him—as though all I needed him for was to
win a victory over him, to subjugate him and nothing else. But I could not
subjugate all of them; my friend was not at all like them either, he was, in fact, a
rare exception. The first thing I did on leaving school was to give up the special
job for which I had been destined so as to break all ties, to curse my past and
shake the dust from off my feet... And goodness knows why, after all that, I
should go trudging off to Simonov's!
Early next morning I roused myself and jumped out of bed with excitement,
as though it were all about to happen at once. But I believed that some radical
change in my life was coming, and would inevitably come that day. Owing to its
rarity, perhaps, any external event, however trivial, always made me feel as
though some radical change in my life were at hand. I went to the office,
however, as usual, but sneaked away home two hours earlier to get ready. The
great thing, I thought, is not to be the first to arrive, or they will think I am
overjoyed at coming. But there were thousands of such great points to consider,
and they all agitated and overwhelmed me. I polished my boots a second time
with my own hands; nothing in the world would have induced Apollon to clean
them twice a day, as he considered that it was more than his duties required of
him. I stole the brushes to clean them from the passage, being careful he should
not detect it, for fear of his contempt. Then I minutely examined my clothes and
thought that everything looked old, worn and threadbare. I had let myself get
too slovenly. My uniform, perhaps, was tidy, but I could not go out to dinner in
my uniform. The worst of it was that on the knee of my trousers was a big
yellow stain. I had a foreboding that that stain would deprive me of nine-tenths
of my personal dignity. I knew, too, that it was very poor to think so. "But this is
Thesaurus
disdainful: (adj) supercilious, transfuse, introduce, impregnate, subjugate: (v) conquer, overcome,
haughty, scornful, arrogant, proud, imbue, impress, infix, ingrain, impart repress, reduce, overpower, crush,
cavalier, derogatory, lordly, gradually. dominate, master, overthrow, defeat;
condescending, derisive, sneering. minutely: (adv) precisely, in detail, (adj, v) subject. ANTONYMS: (v)
ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, closely, tinily, smally, insignificantly, liberate, surrender, lose.
admiring, humble, approving, warm, infinitesimally, diminutively, nicely, thousands: (n) myriad, much, many.
reverential, praising, deferential. exactly, microscopically. threadbare: (adj, v) stale, shabby,
hysterics: (adj) frenzy, hysterical, slovenly: (adj) careless, untidy, sloppy, dilapidated, bald, frayed, faded; (adj)
phrensy; (n) panic, mirth, emotional frowzy, dowdy, unkempt, negligent, hackneyed, worn, banal, trite,
behavior, dramatics, paroxysm, rage, frowsy, messy, disheveled; (adv) tattered. ANTONYMS: (adj) new,
tantrum, affected behavior. slatternly. ANTONYMS: (adj) clean, unused, reliable, fresh, unworn,
instil: (v) implant, inculcate, instill, neat, diligent. pristine, original.
no %time for thinking: now I am in for the real thing," I thought, and my heart
sank. I knew, too, perfectly well even then, that I was monstrously exaggerating
the facts. But how could I help it? I could not control myself and was already
shaking with fever. With despair I pictured to myself how coldly and
disdainfully that "scoundrel" Zverkov would meet me; with what dull-witted,
invincible contempt the blockhead Trudolyubov would look at me; with what
impudent rudeness the insect Ferfitchkin would snigger at me in order to curry
favour with Zverkov; how completely Simonov would take it all in, and how he
would despise me for the abjectness of my vanity and lack of spirit—and, worst
of all, how paltry, unliterary, commonplace it would all be. Of course, the best
thing would be not to go at all. But that was most impossible of all: if I feel
impelled to do anything, I seem to be pitchforked into it. I should have jeered at
myself ever afterwards: "So you funked it, you funked it, you funked the real
thing!" On the contrary, I passionately longed to show all that "rabble" that I was
by no means such a spiritless creature as I seemed to myself. What is more, even
in the acutest paroxysm of this cowardly fever, I dreamed of getting the upper
hand, of dominating them, carrying them away, making them like me—if only
for my "elevation of thought and unmistakable wit." They would abandon
Zverkov, he would sit on one side, silent and ashamed, while I should crush him.
Then, perhaps, we would be reconciled and drink to our everlasting friendship;
but what was most bitter and humiliating for me was that I knew even then,
knew fully and for certain, that I needed nothing of all this really, that I did not
really want to crush, to subdue, to attract them, and that I did not care a straw
really for the result, even if I did achieve it. Oh, how I prayed for the day to pass
quickly! In unutterable anguish I went to the window, opened the movable
pane and looked out into the troubled darkness of the thickly falling wet snow.
At last my wretched little clock hissed out five. I seized my hat and, trying not to
look at Apollon, who had been all day expecting his month's wages, but in his
foolishness was unwilling to be the first to speak about it, I slipped between him
and the door and, jumping into a high-class sledge, on which I spent my last half
rouble, I drove up in grand style to the Hotel de Paris.
Thesaurus
foolishness: (n) folly, fatuity, (adj) breaking out. cackle, laugh quietly; (n) laughter.
craziness, nonsense, stupidity, rudeness: (n) disrespect, audacity, spiritless: (adj) listless, inanimate,
indiscretion, ineptitude, mistake, insolence, impudence, discourtesy, languid, flat, cheerless, soulless,
fatuousness, irrationality; (adj, n) incivility, effrontery, bad manners, dead, depressed; (adj, v) feeble, low;
silliness. ANTONYMS: (n) prudence, impoliteness, impropriety, (v) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) brave,
sense, sensibleness, understanding, primitiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) lively, happy, decisive.
forethought, responsibility. civility, refinement, propriety, unutterable: (adj) indescribable,
high-class: (adj) high, superior, courteousness, courtesy, decency, unspeakable, inexpressible,
patrician, posh, rich, cultured. respect, diplomacy, praise, unpronounceable, indefinable,
paroxysm: (adj, n) fit, burst; (n) thoughtfulness, gentleness. untellable, unnameable,
convulsion, outburst, explosion, snigger: (n, v) giggle, snicker, chuckle, unapproachable, beyond description,
attack, seizure, spasm, gust, agony; laugh, titter, chortle, sneer, gurgle; (v) incommunicable, terrible.
IV
I %had been certain the day before that I should be the first to arrive. But it
was not a question of being the first to arrive. Not only were they not there, but I
had difficulty in finding our room. The table was not laid even. What did it
mean? After a good many questions I elicited from the waiters that the dinner
had been ordered not for five, but for six o'clock. This was confirmed at the
buffet too. I felt really ashamed to go on questioning them. It was only twenty-
five minutes past five. If they changed the dinner hour they ought at least to
have let me know—that is what the post is for, and not to have put me in an
absurd position in my own eyes and ... and even before the waiters. I sat down;
the servant began laying the table; I felt even more humiliated when he was
present. Towards six o'clock they brought in candles, though there were lamps
burning in the room. It had not occurred to the waiter, however, to bring them
in at once when I arrived. In the next room two gloomy, angry- looking persons
were eating their dinners in silence at two different tables. There was a great
deal of noise, even shouting, in a room further away; one could hear the laughter
of a crowd of people, and nasty little shrieks in French: there were ladies at the
dinner. It was sickening, in fact. I rarely passed more unpleasant moments, so
much so that when they did arrive all together punctually at six I was overjoyed
to see them, as though they were my deliverers, and even forgot that it was
incumbent upon me to show resentment.
Thesaurus
buffet: (n, v) blow, cuff, hit, smack, humiliated: (adj) humbled, mortified, pleased, enchanted, proud, gleeful.
buff; (v) beat, batter, knock, punch; embarrassed, humble, broken, ANTONYMS: (adj) heartbroken,
(n) restaurant, canteen. abashed, crushed, miserable, disappointed, depressed, down,
elicited: (adj) evoked, elicit. shamefaced, abject, feeling guilty. dejected, miserable, unhappy,
gloomy: (adj) black, desolate, dejected, incumbent: (adj, v) superimposed; (n) desolate.
cheerless, depressing, dismal, functionary, official, householder, sickening: (adj) revolting, nauseous,
downcast, disconsolate, melancholy, occupant, parson, locum tenens, offensive, repulsive, foul, nauseating,
funereal, downhearted. sojourner; (adj) compulsory; (v) noisome, obnoxious, loathsome,
ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging, supernatant, overlying. repugnant, abominable.
cheery, cheerful, bright, hopeful, o'clock: (n) period, hours. ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive,
light, promising, uplifting, joyful, overjoyed: (adj) jubilant, joyful, happy, pleasant, delightful, wholesome,
sunny, clear. elated, ecstatic, transported, exultant, light, appealing, wonderful.
Zverkov walked in at the head of them; evidently he was the leading spirit.
He and all of them were laughing; but, seeing me, Zverkov drew himself up a
little, walked up to me deliberately with a slight, rather jaunty bend from the
waist. He shook hands with me in a friendly, but not over- friendly, fashion,
with a sort of circumspect courtesy like that of a General, as though in giving me
his hand he were warding off something. I had imagined, on the contrary, that
on coming in he would at once break into his habitual thin, shrill laugh and fall
to making his insipid jokes and witticisms. I had been preparing for them ever
since the previous day, but I had not expected such condescension, such high-
official courtesy. So, then, he felt himself ineffably superior to me in every
respect! If he only meant to insult me by that high-official tone, it would not
matter, I thought—I could pay him back for it one way or another. But what if,
in reality, without the least desire to be offensive, that sheepshead had a notion
in earnest that he was superior to me and could only look at me in a patronising
way? The very supposition made me gasp.%
"I was surprised to hear of your desire to join us," he began, lisping and
drawling, which was something new. "You and I seem to have seen nothing of
one another. You fight shy of us. You shouldn't. We are not such terrible people
as you think. Well, anyway, I am glad to renew our acquaintance."
And he turned carelessly to put down his hat on the window.
"Have you been waiting long?" Trudolyubov inquired.
"I arrived at five o'clock as you told me yesterday," I answered aloud, with an
irritability that threatened an explosion.
"Didn't you let him know that we had changed the hour?" said Trudolyubov
to Simonov.
"No, I didn't. I forgot," the latter replied, with no sign of regret, and without
even apologising to me he went off to order the hors d'oeuvre.
"So you've been here a whole hour? Oh, poor fellow!" Zverkov cried
ironically, for to his notions this was bound to be extremely funny. That rascal
Thesaurus
circumspect: (adj) careful, cautious, drew: (n) move, John Drew. choler, touchiness, temper, anger,
prudent, guarded, alert, cagey, ineffably: (adv) indescribably, irritation, peevishness, pettishness,
vigilant, wary, watchful, thoughtful, unspeakably, unutterably, testiness; (adj, n) petulance.
considerate. ANTONYMS: (adj) rash, inexpressibly, extremely, deeply. ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness,
incautious, bold, careless, unwary, insipid: (adj) tasteless, bland, dull, equanimity, cheeriness.
tactless, open. watery, flavorless, uninteresting, jaunty: (adj) dapper, dashing,
condescension: (n) arrogance, vapid, savorless, boring, tame, debonair, breezy, perky, carefree,
lordliness, disparagement, patronage, humdrum. ANTONYMS: (adj) chipper, smart, bright, buoyant; (adj,
affability, disdain, pride, exciting, tasty, interesting, flavorful, n) janty. ANTONYMS: (adj)
superciliousness, contempt, stoop, spicy, lively, colorful, dark, bright, depressed, melancholy.
depreciation. ANTONYMS: (n) inspired, imaginative. patronising: (adj) patronizing,
respect, acceptance, admiration. irritability: (n) irascibility, tetchiness, condescending, arch, superior.
Ferfitchkin followed with his nasty little snigger like a puppy yapping. My
position struck him, too, as exquisitely ludicrous and embarrassing.%
"It isn't funny at all!" I cried to Ferfitchkin, more and more irritated. "It
wasn't my fault, but other people's. They neglected to let me know. It was ... it
was ... it was simply absurd."
"It's not only absurd, but something else as well," muttered Trudolyubov,
naively taking my part. "You are not hard enough upon it. It was simply
rudeness—unintentional, of course. And how could Simonov ... h'm!"
"If a trick like that had been played on me," observed Ferfitchkin, "I should ..."
"But you should have ordered something for yourself," Zverkov interrupted,
"or simply asked for dinner without waiting for us."
"You will allow that I might have done that without your permission," I
rapped out. "If I waited, it was ..."
"Let us sit down, gentlemen," cried Simonov, coming in. "Everything is
ready; I can answer for the champagne; it is capitally frozen... You see, I did not
know your address, where was I to look for you?" he suddenly turned to me, but
again he seemed to avoid looking at me. Evidently he had something against
me. It must have been what happened yesterday.
All sat down; I did the same. It was a round table. Trudolyubov was on my
left, Simonov on my right, Zverkov was sitting opposite, Ferfitchkin next to him,
between him and Trudolyubov.
"Tell me, are you ... in a government office?" Zverkov went on attending to
me. Seeing that I was embarrassed he seriously thought that he ought to be
friendly to me, and, so to speak, cheer me up.
"Does he want me to throw a bottle at his head?" I thought, in a fury. In my
novel surroundings I was unnaturally ready to be irritated.
"In the N-—office," I answered jerkily, with my eyes on my plate.
"And ha-ave you a go-od berth? I say, what ma-a-de you leave your original
job?"
Thesaurus
capitally: (adv) chiefly, finely, displeased, provoked. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adv) deliberately,
excellently, foremostly, cardinally, (adj) calm, pleased, patient, astutely, sensibly, dishonestly,
mainly, primarily, leadingly, greatly, contented. artfully.
centrally, splendidly. jerkily: (adv) spasmodically, puppy: (n) pup, cub, youth, doggy,
exquisitely: (adv) excellently, finely, irregularly, unsteadily, roughly, whelp, younker, dog, brat, child,
magnificently, perfectly, beautifully, haltingly, by fits and starts, youngster, frankfurter.
gorgeously, superbly, keenly, falteringly, in fits and starts, shakily. unnaturally: (adv) falsely, unusually,
subtlely; (adj, adv) intensely, naively: (adv) ingenuously, contrivedly, affectedly,
exceedingly. credulously, unsophisticatedly, extraordinarily, monstrously,
irritated: (adj) annoyed, exasperated, artlessly, inexperiencedly, simplely, manneredly, by artificial means,
incensed, enraged, aggravated, candidly, frankly, trustingly, abnormally, peculiarly, cruelly.
furious, irate, inflamed, sore, childishly, unaffectedly. ANTONYM: (adv) normally.
"What ma-a-de me was that I wanted to leave my original job," I drawled

more than he, hardly able to control myself. Ferfitchkin went off into a guffaw.
Simonov looked at me ironically. Trudolyubov left off eating and began looking
at me with curiosity.%
Zverkov winced, but he tried not to notice it.
"And the remuneration?"
"What remuneration?"
"I mean, your sa-a-lary?"
"Why are you cross-examining me?" However, I told him at once what my
salary was. I turned horribly red.
"It is not very handsome," Zverkov observed majestically.
"Yes, you can't afford to dine at cafes on that," Ferfitchkin added insolently.
"To my thinking it's very poor," Trudolyubov observed gravely.
"And how thin you have grown! How you have changed!" added Zverkov,
with a shade of venom in his voice, scanning me and my attire with a sort of
insolent compassion.
"Oh, spare his blushes," cried Ferfitchkin, sniggering.
"My dear sir, allow me to tell you I am not blushing," I broke out at last; "do
you hear? I am dining here, at this cafe, at my own expense, not at other
people's—note that, Mr. Ferfitchkin."
"Wha-at? Isn't every one here dining at his own expense? You would seem
to be ..." Ferfitchkin flew out at me, turning as red as a lobster, and looking me
in the face with fury. "Tha-at," I answered, feeling I had gone too far, "and I
imagine it would be better to talk of something more intelligent."
"You intend to show off your intelligence, I suppose?"
"Don't disturb yourself, that would be quite out of place here."
"Why are you clacking away like that, my good sir, eh? Have you gone out of
your wits in your office?"
Thesaurus
dine: (v) feed, lunch, breakfast, dining, hoot, giggle, cackle; (n) belly laugh, American lobster, decapod
meal, give, have supper, take tea, horselaugh, laughter; (v) cachinnate, crustacean, decapod, langoustine.
grub, consume, entertain. roar. ANTONYM: (v) cry. majestically: (adv) magnificently,
ANTONYM: (v) abstain. insolently: (adv) rudely, impertinently, regally, imperially, splendidly, nobly,
dining: (n) feeding, eating; (v) eat. brazenly, impolitely, defiantly, sublimely, solemnly, grandly, loftily,
gravely: (adv) seriously, soberly, shamelessly, saucily, discourteously, impressively, gloriously.
severely, solemnly, badly, staidly, insultingly, cheekily, pertly. scanning: (n) search, scan,
momentously, heavily, earnestly, ANTONYMS: (adv) discreetly, shyly, photography.
weightily, grievously. ANTONYMS: politely, meekly. venom: (n) poison, malice, bane, spite,
(adv) lightheartedly, mildly, slightly; lobster: (n) crawfish, crayfish, rancor, malevolence, maliciousness,
(adj) soft. European lobster, shellfish, malignity, hate, bitterness; (adj, n)
guffaw: (n, v) laugh, chuckle, snicker, langouste, lobsters, spiny lobster, gall. ANTONYM: (n) affection.
"Enough, gentlemen, enough!" Zverkov cried, authoritatively.%

"How stupid it is!" muttered Simonov.
"It really is stupid. We have met here, a company of friends, for a farewell
dinner to a comrade and you carry on an altercation," said Trudolyubov, rudely
addressing himself to me alone. "You invited yourself to join us, so don't disturb
the general harmony."
"Enough, enough!" cried Zverkov. "Give over, gentlemen, it's out of place.
Better let me tell you how I nearly got married the day before yesterday..."
And then followed a burlesque narrative of how this gentleman had almost
been married two days before. There was not a word about the marriage,
however, but the story was adorned with generals, colonels and kammer-
junkers, while Zverkov almost took the lead among them. It was greeted with
approving laughter; Ferfitchkin positively squealed.
No one paid any attention to me, and I sat crushed and humiliated.
"Good Heavens, these are not the people for me!" I thought. "And what a fool
I have made of myself before them! I let Ferfitchkin go too far, though. The
brutes imagine they are doing me an honour in letting me sit down with them.
They don't understand that it's an honour to them and not to me! I've grown
thinner! My clothes! Oh, damn my trousers! Zverkov noticed the yellow stain
on the knee as soon as he came in... But what's the use! I must get up at once,
this very minute, take my hat and simply go without a word ... with contempt!
And tomorrow I can send a challenge. The scoundrels! As though I cared about
the seven roubles. They may think... Damn it! I don't care about the seven
roubles. I'll go this minute!"
Of course I remained. I drank sherry and Lafitte by the glassful in my
discomfiture. Being unaccustomed to it, I was quickly affected. My annoyance
increased as the wine went to my head. I longed all at once to insult them all in a
most flagrant manner and then go away. To seize the moment and show what I
could do, so that they would say, "He's clever, though he is absurd," and ... and ...
in fact, damn them all!
Thesaurus
adorned: (adj) decorated, ornate, discomposure, humiliation, uncivilly, indelicately, impolitely,
bedecked, decked out, fancy, consternation; (adj) rebuff, rout. roughly, harshly, vulgarly, brutally,
garnished, ornamented, decked, ANTONYMS: (n) contentment, meanly, wildly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
beautiful, inscribed, festooned. honor. respectfully, graciously, decently,
burlesque: (n, v) caricature, lampoon, flagrant: (adj) blatant, conspicuous, civilly, properly, attentively,
ridicule, travesty, spoof, banter; (adj) crying, glaring, atrocious, obvious, agreeably, tactfully, thoughtfully,
ludicrous; (n) farce, comedy; (adj, n) rank, gross, heinous, flagitious, open. acceptably, gently.
satire; (v) mock. ANTONYM: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) unobtrusive, thinner: (n) dilutant, solvent, reducer,
factual. slight, ashamed, doubtful, veiled. rarefied, phenylic acid, phenol,
discomfiture: (n) embarrassment, glassful: (n) a mirror, containerful, propanone, perchloromethane,
confusion, perturbation, discomfort, drinking glass, field glass. resolvent, oxybenzene,
discomfit, disconcertion, rudely: (adv) crudely, coarsely, methylbenzene.
I scanned them all insolently with my drowsy eyes. But they seemed to have
forgotten me altogether. They were noisy, vociferous, cheerful. Zverkov was
talking all the time. I began listening. Zverkov was talking of some exuberant
lady whom he had at last led on to declaring her love (of course, he was lying
like a horse), and how he had been helped in this affair by an intimate friend of
his, a Prince Kolya, an officer in the hussars, who had three thousand serfs.%
"And yet this Kolya, who has three thousand serfs, has not put in an
appearance here tonight to see you off," I cut in suddenly.
For one minute every one was silent. "You are drunk already." Trudolyubov
deigned to notice me at last, glancing contemptuously in my direction. Zverkov,
without a word, examined me as though I were an insect. I dropped my eyes.
Simonov made haste to fill up the glasses with champagne.
Trudolyubov raised his glass, as did everyone else but me.
"Your health and good luck on the journey!" he cried to Zverkov. "To old
times, to our future, hurrah!"
They all tossed off their glasses, and crowded round Zverkov to kiss him. I
did not move; my full glass stood untouched before me.
"Why, aren't you going to drink it?" roared Trudolyubov, losing patience and
turning menacingly to me.
"I want to make a speech separately, on my own account ... and then I'll drink
it, Mr. Trudolyubov."
"Spiteful brute!" muttered Simonov. I drew myself up in my chair and
feverishly seized my glass, prepared for something extraordinary, though I did
not know myself precisely what I was going to say.
"Silence!" cried Ferfitchkin. "Now for a display of wit!"
Zverkov waited very gravely, knowing what was coming.
"Mr. Lieutenant Zverkov," I began, "let me tell you that I hate phrases,
phrasemongers and men in corsets ... that's the first point, and there is a second
one to follow it."
Thesaurus
declaring: (adj) affirming, predicant. unenthusiastic, scarce, needing, quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay,
drowsy: (adj, n) sleepy; (adj) lazy, lacking, dispirited, insufficient, patience, forethought, caution.
comatose, somnolent, slow, lethargic, down, unexcited, lethargic. menacingly: (adv) sinisterly,
sluggish, dull, indolent, soporific, feverishly: (adv) excitedly, hotly, minaciously, ominously, minatorily,
listless. ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, febrilely, hecticly, feverously, frighteningly, forebodingly,
awake, lively, vigorous, vivacious, hysterically, passionately, frantically, seriously, menacing, threatening,
refreshed. fanatically, heatedly, frenziedly. warningly, intimidatingly.
exuberant: (adj) abundant, ample, ANTONYMS: (adv) indifferently, vociferous: (adj) loud, clamorous,
opulent, ebullient, excessive, peacefully, sluggishly. blatant, boisterous, clamant, strident,
extravagant, profuse, bountiful, haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch, obstreperous, vocal, tumultuous,
prolific, generous, hearty. rush; (n) celerity, expedition, turbulent, blustering. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (adj) depressed, blue, rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness, (adj) silent, tranquil, shy, gentle, soft.
There was a general stir.%

"The second point is: I hate ribaldry and ribald talkers. Especially ribald
talkers! The third point: I love justice, truth and honesty." I went on almost
mechanically, for I was beginning to shiver with horror myself and had no idea
how I came to be talking like this. "I love thought, Monsieur Zverkov; I love true
comradeship, on an equal footing and not ... H'm ... I love ... But, however, why
not? I will drink your health, too, Mr. Zverkov. Seduce the Circassian girls,
shoot the enemies of the fatherland and ... and ... to your health, Monsieur
Zverkov!"
Zverkov got up from his seat, bowed to me and said:
"I am very much obliged to you." He was frightfully offended and turned
pale.
"Damn the fellow!" roared Trudolyubov, bringing his fist down on the table.
"Well, he wants a punch in the face for that," squealed Ferfitchkin.
"We ought to turn him out," muttered Simonov.
"Not a word, gentlemen, not a movement!" cried Zverkov solemnly, checking
the general indignation. "I thank you all, but I can show him for myself how
much value I attach to his words."
"Mr. Ferfitchkin, you will give me satisfaction tomorrow for your words just
now!" I said aloud, turning with dignity to Ferfitchkin.
"A duel, you mean? Certainly," he answered. But probably I was so
ridiculous as I challenged him and it was so out of keeping with my appearance
that everyone including Ferfitchkin was prostrate with laughter.
"Yes, let him alone, of course! He is quite drunk," Trudolyubov said with
disgust.
"I shall never forgive myself for letting him join us," Simonov muttered again.
"Now is the time to throw a bottle at their heads," I thought to myself. I
picked up the bottle ... and filled my glass... "No, I'd better sit on to the end," I
went on thinking; "you would be pleased, my friends, if I went away. Nothing
Thesaurus
comradeship: (adj, n) companionship; native country, old country, cradle. (adj) upright.
(n) camaraderie, company, mechanically: (adv) mechanistically, ribald: (adj) coarse, gross, obscene,
friendship, society, fellowship, instinctively, routinely, involuntarily, lewd, indelicate, filthy, dirty,
comradery, amity, fraternity, industrially, unconsciously, salacious, licentious, loose, broad.
association, brotherhood. automaticly, intuitively, impulsively, ribaldry: (n) indelicacy, raciness,
ANTONYM: (n) animosity. technically, technologically. gaminess, wit, witticism, wittiness,
duel: (v) combat, duello, contest, buck, ANTONYMS: (adv) manually, vulgarism, harlotry; (v) smut, foul
repel, resist; (n, v) fight, tilt; (n) affaire consciously. invective, rude reproach.
d'honneur, monomachy, prize fight. prostrate: (adj, v) prone, exhaust, level, shiver: (n, v) shake, tremble, shudder,
fatherland: (n) native land, home, fatigue; (v) fell, overwhelm, fragment, thrill, splinter, tingle; (v)
homeland, country, mother country, overcome, floor, overthrow; (adj) quake, shatter, palpitate; (adj, v)
motherland, land, country of origin, deject, knock down. ANTONYM: break.
will induce me to go. I'll go on sitting here and drinking to the end, on purpose,
as a sign that I don't think you of the slightest consequence. I will go on sitting
and drinking, because this is a public-house and I paid my entrance money. I'll
sit here and drink, for I look upon you as so many pawns, as inanimate pawns.
I'll sit here and drink ... and sing if I want to, yes, sing, for I have the right to ... to
sing ... H'm!"
But I did not sing. I simply tried not to look at any of them. I assumed most
unconcerned attitudes and waited with impatience for them to speak first. But
alas, they did not address me! And oh, how I wished, how I wished at that
moment to be reconciled to them! It struck eight, at last nine. They moved from
the table to the sofa. Zverkov stretched himself on a lounge and put one foot on
a round table. Wine was brought there. He did, as a fact, order three bottles on
his own account. I, of course, was not invited to join them. They all sat round
him on the sofa. They listened to him, almost with reverence. It was evident that
they were fond of him. "What for? What for?" I wondered. From time to time
they were moved to drunken enthusiasm and kissed each other. They talked of
the Caucasus, of the nature of true passion, of snug berths in the service, of the
income of an hussar called Podharzhevsky, whom none of them knew
personally, and rejoiced in the largeness of it, of the extraordinary grace and
beauty of a Princess D., whom none of them had ever seen; then it came to
Shakespeare's being immortal.%
I smiled contemptuously and walked up and down the other side of the
room, opposite the sofa, from the table to the stove and back again. I tried my
very utmost to show them that I could do without them, and yet I purposely
made a noise with my boots, thumping with my heels. But it was all in vain.
They paid no attention. I had the patience to walk up and down in front of them
from eight o'clock till eleven, in the same place, from the table to the stove and
back again. "I walk up and down to please myself and no one can prevent me."
The waiter who came into the room stopped, from time to time, to look at me. I
was somewhat giddy from turning round so often; at moments it seemed to me
that I was in delirium. During those three hours I was three times soaked with
Thesaurus
delirium: (n) craze, insanity, mania, rifles, uhlan, voltigeur, light horse. roaring, thudding, lubberly,
disturbance, fever, ecstasy, inanimate: (adj) defunct, dull, walloping, lumpish, gaunt; (n) thud,
derangement; (adj, n) fury; (adj) furor, breathless, inorganic, inactive, thump, clump.
rage, distraction. ANTONYMS: (n) lifeless, exanimate, deceased, extinct, unconcerned: (adj) apathetic,
indifference, dejection. unconscious, spiritless. ANTONYMS: detached, insouciant, casual, careless,
giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy, faint, (adj) living, animate, spirited. nonchalant, thoughtless, easygoing,
silly, changeable, vertiginous, largeness: (n) size, bigness, vastness, listless, carefree; (adj, n) cold.
featherbrained, light, fickle, fullness, ampleness, bulkiness, ANTONYMS: (adj) caring, eager,
capricious; (adv) careless. immensity, grandness, extent, troubled, sensitive, uptight, craving,
ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull. magnitude, volume. ANTONYMS: involved, energetic, interested,
hussar: (n) dragoon, cavalry, artillery, (n) compactness, shortness. annoyed, strict.
horse artillery, cavalryman, mounted thumping: (adj) spanking, whacking, walked: (adj) exempt; (v) yode.
sweat and dry again. At times, with an intense, acute pang I was stabbed to the
heart by the thought that ten years, twenty years, forty years would pass, and
that even in forty years I would remember with loathing and humiliation those
filthiest, most ludicrous, and most awful moments of my life. No one could have
gone out of his way to degrade himself more shamelessly, and I fully realised it,
fully, and yet I went on pacing up and down from the table to the stove. "Oh, if
you only knew what thoughts and feelings I am capable of, how cultured I am!" I
thought at moments, mentally addressing the sofa on which my enemies were
sitting. But my enemies behaved as though I were not in the room. Once—only
once—they turned towards me, just when Zverkov was talking about
Shakespeare, and I suddenly gave a contemptuous laugh. I laughed in such an
affected and disgusting way that they all at once broke off their conversation,
and silently and gravely for two minutes watched me walking up and down
from the table to the stove, taking no notice of them. But nothing came of it: they
said nothing, and two minutes later they ceased to notice me again. It struck
eleven.%
"Friends," cried Zverkov getting up from the sofa, "let us all be off now,
there!"
"Of course, of course," the others assented. I turned sharply to Zverkov. I
was so harassed, so exhausted, that I would have cut my throat to put an end to
it. I was in a fever; my hair, soaked with perspiration, stuck to my forehead and
temples.
"Zverkov, I beg your pardon," I said abruptly and resolutely. "Ferfitchkin,
yours too, and everyone's, everyone's: I have insulted you all!"
"Aha! A duel is not in your line, old man," Ferfitchkin hissed venomously.
It sent a sharp pang to my heart.
"No, it's not the duel I am afraid of, Ferfitchkin! I am ready to fight you
tomorrow, after we are reconciled. I insist upon it, in fact, and you cannot
refuse. I want to show you that I am not afraid of a duel. You shall fire first and
I shall fire into the air."
Thesaurus
degrade: (v) cheapen, demean, calm, carefree. shamelessly: (adv) barefacedly,
corrupt, decrease, dishonor, pang: (n) pain, torture, ache, agony, impudently, boldly, brazenly,
disparage; (n, v) disgrace, reduce; twinge, affliction, sting, stab, distress, brashly, insolently, audaciously,
(adj, n, v) abase; (adj, v) debauch, ailment, cramp. immodestly, unblushingly,
lessen. ANTONYMS: (v) honor, perspiration: (n) diaphoresis, hidrosis, unabashedly, gracelessly.
admire, aggrade, elevate, uplift, sudor, sweating, extravasation, ANTONYMS: (adv) ashamedly,
worship, respect, promote, praise, secretion, exertion, exudation, effort, penitently.
dignify, purify. lather, water. venomously: (adv) spitefully,
harassed: (adj) annoyed, pestered, reconciled: (adj) consistent, resigned, maliciously, viciously, rancorously,
irritated, bothered, annoy, jittery, serene, meet; (v) made friends, noxiously, virulently, meanly,
worried, troubled, beleaguered, affriended. ANTONYM: (adj) bitterly, caustically, causticly,
obsessed, harried. ANTONYMS: (adj) unreconciled. toxically. ANTONYM: (adv) friendly.
"He is comforting himself," said Simonov.%

"He's simply raving," said Trudolyubov.
"But let us pass. Why are you barring our way? What do you want?"
Zverkov answered disdainfully. They were all flushed, their eyes were bright:
they had been drinking heavily.
"I ask for your friendship, Zverkov; I insulted you, but ..."
"Insulted? you insulted me? Understand, sir, that you never, under any
circumstances, could possibly insult me."
"And that's enough for you. Out of the way!" concluded Trudolyubov.
"Olympia is mine, friends, that's agreed!" cried Zverkov.
"We won't dispute your right, we won't dispute your right," the others
answered, laughing.
I stood as though spat upon. The party went noisily out of the room.
Trudolyubov struck up some stupid song. Simonov remained behind for a
moment to tip the waiters. I suddenly went up to him.
"Simonov! give me six roubles!" I said, with desperate resolution.
He looked at me in extreme amazement, with vacant eyes. He, too, was
drunk.
"You don't mean you are coming with us?"
"Yes."
"I've no money," he snapped out, and with a scornful laugh he went out of
the room.
I clutched at his overcoat. It was a nightmare.
"Simonov, I saw you had money. Why do you refuse me? Am I a scoundrel?
Beware of refusing me: if you knew, if you knew why I am asking! My whole
future, my whole plans depend upon it!"
Simonov pulled out the money and almost flung it at me.
Thesaurus
barring: (prep) besides; (n) except for, distressing, disturbing, overcoat: (n) greatcoat, coat, cloak,
excepting, except, with the exception overwhelming, surprising, robe, topcoat, surcoat, coating,
of, without, with a reservation, troublesome, irritating, tense, overcoating, capote, chesterfield,
ejection, save and except, riddance, upsetting. gown.
expulsion. ANTONYMS: (n) noisily: (adv) clamorously, refusing: (adj) negative, dismissive,
entitlement; (prep) including. boisterously, vociferously, riotously, denying, recusative, noncompliant.
comforting: (adj) soothing, consoling, raucously, uproariously, loudly, scornful: (adj) disdainful, haughty,
consolatory, satisfying, gratifying, blatantly, rowdily, stridently, vocally. arrogant, sarcastic, disparaging,
encouraging, restful, placatory, ANTONYMS: (adv) noiselessly, derisive, mocking, abusive, scathing,
tranquil, appeasing; (n) relief. silently, calmly, peacefully, softly. opprobrious, insulting. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (adj) hostile, olympia: (n) Olympiad, capital of (adj) approving, complimentary,
discomforting, disconcerting, Washington. humble, sympathetic, admiring.
"Take it, if you have no sense of shame!" he pronounced pitilessly, and ran to
overtake them.%
I was left for a moment alone. Disorder, the remains of dinner, a broken
wine-glass on the floor, spilt wine, cigarette ends, fumes of drink and delirium in
my brain, an agonising misery in my heart and finally the waiter, who had seen
and heard all and was looking inquisitively into my face.
"I am going there!" I cried. "Either they shall all go down on their knees to
beg for my friendship, or I will give Zverkov a slap in the face!"
Thesaurus
cigarette: (adj) cigar; (n) tobacco, fag, knees: (n) knee. distinct, prominent, notable, obvious,
butt, can, coffin nail, cubeb, scroll, overtake: (v) catch, attain, catch up salient, evident, definite, bold,
buttocks, reefer, butt joint. with, exceed, overpower, overcome, palpable. ANTONYMS: (adj) faint,
fumes: (n) gas, exhaust, exhaust go by, gain, devastate, outstrip, beat. inconspicuous, indefinite, loose,
fumes, smokes, smog, vapor, pitilessly: (adv) remorselessly, slight, small.
exhalation, steam, smoke, toxic ruthlessly, unmercifully, unfeelingly, slap: (n, v) clap, cuff, knock, hit,
waste, contamination. heartlessly, harshly, cruelly, whack, beat, strike, spank; (n) blow;
inquisitively: (adv) pryingly, nosily, unsympathetically, brutally, (v) buffet; (adv) bang.
inquiringly, questioningly, relentlessly, unkindly. ANTONYMS: waiter: (n) lackey, valet, waitress,
meddlesomely, speculatively, (adv) mercifully, sensitively, attendant, salver, lurcher,
searchingly, meddlingly, sympathetically. counterman, lurker, servant, tray,
interestedly, interrogatively, eagerly. pronounced: (adj) clear, emphatic, steward.
"So this is it, this is it at last—contact with real life," I muttered as I ran
headlong downstairs. "This is very different from the Pope's leaving Rome and
going to Brazil, very different from the ball on Lake Como!"
"You are a scoundrel," a thought flashed through my mind, "if you laugh at
this now."
"No matter!" I cried, answering myself. "Now everything is lost!"
There was no trace to be seen of them, but that made no difference—I knew
where they had gone.%
At the steps was standing a solitary night sledge-driver in a rough peasant
coat, powdered over with the still falling, wet, and as it were warm, snow. It
was hot and steamy. The little shaggy piebald horse was also covered with
snow and coughing, I remember that very well. I made a rush for the roughly
made sledge; but as soon as I raised my foot to get into it, the recollection of how
Simonov had just given me six roubles seemed to double me up and I tumbled
into the sledge like a sack.
"No, I must do a great deal to make up for all that," I cried. "But I will make
up for it or perish on the spot this very night. Start!"
We set off. There was a perfect whirl in my head.
Thesaurus
coughing: (n) coughs, breathing out. punctated, milk. bobsleigh, sledge hammer, pung, dog
perish: (v) expire, pass away, decease, recollection: (n, v) mind; (n) sleigh, dogsled, bottom, jumper; (n,
go, fade, decay, depart, fall, pass, reminiscence, recall, anamnesis, v) sledgehammer.
ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: (v) remembrance, recognition, memento, steamy: (adj) torrid, muggy, hazy,
survive, live, appear. memorial, commemoration, memoir, damp, misty, hot, tropical, sultry,
piebald: (adj, v) pied; (adj) motley, retrospect. erotic, sexy, passionate.
dappled, mottled, spotted, shaggy: (adj) bushy, hirsute, hairy, ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, temperate,
multicolor, brindled, multicoloured, bearded, shagged, pilous, brushy, fresh.
particoloured, variegated, speckled. unkempt, hispid; (adj, n) ragged; (n) tumbled: (adj) disordered.
powdered: (adj) powdery, fine, rugged. ANTONYMS: (adj) sleek, whirl: (n, v) spin, turn, eddy, roll,
crushed, milled, ground, broken up, tidy. wheel, twist, swirl; (v) reel, gyrate; (n)
finer, minced, pulverised; (n) sledge: (n) toboggan, sleigh, maul, go, fling.
"They won't go down on their knees to beg for my friendship. That is a

mirage, cheap mirage, revolting, romantic and fantastical—that's another ball on
Lake Como. And so I am bound to slap Zverkov's face! It is my duty to. And so
it is settled; I am flying to give him a slap in the face. Hurry up!"
The driver tugged at the reins.%
"As soon as I go in I'll give it him. Ought I before giving him the slap to say a
few words by way of preface? No. I'll simply go in and give it him. They will all
be sitting in the drawing-room, and he with Olympia on the sofa. That damned
Olympia! She laughed at my looks on one occasion and refused me. I'll pull
Olympia's hair, pull Zverkov's ears! No, better one ear, and pull him by it round
the room. Maybe they will all begin beating me and will kick me out. That's
most likely, indeed. No matter! Anyway, I shall first slap him; the initiative will
be mine; and by the laws of honour that is everything: he will be branded and
cannot wipe off the slap by any blows, by nothing but a duel. He will be forced
to fight. And let them beat me now. Let them, the ungrateful wretches!
Trudolyubov will beat me hardest, he is so strong; Ferfitchkin will be sure to
catch hold sideways and tug at my hair. But no matter, no matter! That's what I
am going for. The blockheads will be forced at last to see the tragedy of it all!
When they drag me to the door I shall call out to them that in reality they are not
worth my little finger. Get on, driver, get on!" I cried to the driver. He started
and flicked his whip, I shouted so savagely.
"We shall fight at daybreak, that's a settled thing. I've done with the office.
Ferfitchkin made a joke about it just now. But where can I get pistols?
Nonsense! I'll get my salary in advance and buy them. And powder, and
bullets? That's the second's business. And how can it all be done by daybreak?
and where am I to get a second? I have no friends. Nonsense!" I cried, lashing
myself up more and more. "It's of no consequence! The first person I meet in the
street is bound to be my second, just as he would be bound to pull a drowning
man out of water. The most eccentric things may happen. Even if I were to ask
the director himself to be my second tomorrow, he would be bound to consent, if
only from a feeling of chivalry, and to keep the secret! Anton Antonitch..."
Thesaurus
branded: (adj) identified, known, aurora, sunup, daylight. ANTONYM: (n) reality.
proprietary, recognized. ANTONYMS: (n) sunset, sundown, savagely: (adv) brutally, ferociously,
chivalry: (n) gallantry, knighthood, darkness, eventide, nightfall. barbarously, wildly, barbarianly,
generosity, courtesy, knight service, drowning: (n) masking, demersion. viciously, uncivilizedly, violently,
courtliness, knight errantry, lashing: (n) beating, drubbing, felly, untamedly, roughly.
principle, valiance; (adj, n) heroism; flagellation, trouncing, whipping, shouted: (adj) screamed, loud.
(adj) prowess. ANTONYMS: (n) fastening, tanning, lacing, castigation, ungrateful: (adj) unmindful,
impoliteness, dishonor, discourtesy, chastisement, thrashing. unthankful, unappreciative,
cowardice. mirage: (n, v) illusion; (n) delusion, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant,
daybreak: (adj, n) break of day; (n) fancy, vision, fantasy, phantom, distasteful, displeasing, unkind,
sunrise, prime, morning, light, misconception; (v) distortion, disagreeable, not kind. ANTONYMS:
dawning, cockcrow, dayspring, anamorphosis, false light, phasma. (adj) grateful, thankful, appreciative.
The fact is, that at that very minute the disgusting absurdity of my plan and
the other side of the question was clearer and more vivid to my imagination than
it could be to anyone on earth. But...%
"Get on, driver, get on, you rascal, get on!"
"Ugh, sir!" said the son of toil.
Cold shivers suddenly ran down me. Wouldn't it be better ... to go straight
home? My God, my God! Why did I invite myself to this dinner yesterday? But
no, it's impossible. And my walking up and down for three hours from the table
to the stove? No, they, they and no one else must pay for my walking up and
down! They must wipe out this dishonour! Drive on!
And what if they give me into custody? They won't dare! They'll be afraid of
the scandal. And what if Zverkov is so contemptuous that he refuses to fight a
duel? He is sure to; but in that case I'll show them ... I will turn up at the posting
station when he's setting off tomorrow, I'll catch him by the leg, I'll pull off his
coat when he gets into the carriage. I'll get my teeth into his hand, I'll bite him.
"See what lengths you can drive a desperate man to!" He may hit me on the head
and they may belabour me from behind. I will shout to the assembled
multitude: "Look at this young puppy who is driving off to captivate the
Circassian girls after letting me spit in his face!"
Of course, after that everything will be over! The office will have vanished
off the face of the earth. I shall be arrested, I shall be tried, I shall be dismissed
from the service, thrown in prison, sent to Siberia. Never mind! In fifteen years
when they let me out of prison I will trudge off to him, a beggar, in rags. I shall
find him in some provincial town. He will be married and happy. He will have
a grown-up daughter... I shall say to him: "Look, monster, at my hollow cheeks
and my rags! I've lost everything—my career, my happiness, art, science, the
woman i loved, and all through you. Here are pistols. I have come to discharge
my pistol and ... and I ... forgive you. Then I shall fire into the air and he will
hear nothing more of me..."
I was actually on the point of tears, though I knew perfectly well at that
moment that all this was out of Pushkin's silvio and Lermontov's masquerade.
Thesaurus
beggar: (n) mendicant, mumper, disillusion, offend, bore, annoy. rags: (adj) refuse, rubble, scourings,
pauper, tramp, sponger, joker, poor dishonour: (v) discredit, disgrace, sweepings, trash, waste; (n) clothing,
man, cadger, bloke; (v) beg, attaint, shame, degrade, desecrate, tatter, orts, odds and ends, dress.
pauperize. ANTONYM: (n) giver. violate, rape, outrage; (n) stigma, toil: (n, v) labor, work, drudge, sweat,
belabour: (v) whip, wallop, beat opprobrium. drudgery, grind, labour, travail; (v)
soundly, beat, thrash, lambaste, bang masquerade: (n, v) disguise, pose, plod; (n) effort, exertion.
about, admonish, assail, bash around, revel; (n) camouflage, masque, fancy ANTONYMS: (n) pastime,
bang around. dress, pretense, fake, cover; (v) entertainment, fun, relaxation; (v)
captivate: (adj, v) attract, charm, impersonate, pretend. laze, neglect.
fascinate; (v) bewitch, enchant, take, posting: (n) post, placard, poster, trudge: (n, v) tramp, trek, hike, slog,
lure, hypnotize; (n, v) allure, tempt, entry, notice, position, transmittal, ramble, march, walk, wander; (v)
entice. ANTONYMS: (v) repulse, transmission, transmitting, job, place. trail, pad, shack.
And all at once I felt horribly ashamed, so ashamed that I stopped the horse, got
out of the sledge, and stood still in the snow in the middle of the street. The
driver gazed at me, sighing and astonished.%
What was I to do? I could not go on there—it was evidently stupid, and I
could not leave things as they were, because that would seem as though ...
Heavens, how could I leave things! And after such insults! "No!" I cried,
throwing myself into the sledge again. "It is ordained! It is fate! Drive on, drive
on!"
And in my impatience I punched the sledge-driver on the back of the neck.
"What are you up to? What are you hitting me for?" the peasant shouted, but
he whipped up his nag so that it began kicking.
The wet snow was falling in big flakes; I unbuttoned myself, regardless of it.
I forgot everything else, for I had finally decided on the slap, and felt with horror
that it was going to happen now, at once, and that no force could stop it. The
deserted street lamps gleamed sullenly in the snowy darkness like torches at a
funeral. The snow drifted under my great-coat, under my coat, under my cravat,
and melted there. I did not wrap myself up—all was lost, anyway.
At last we arrived. I jumped out, almost unconscious, ran up the steps and
began knocking and kicking at the door. I felt fearfully weak, particularly in my
legs and knees. The door was opened quickly as though they knew I was
coming. As a fact, Simonov had warned them that perhaps another gentleman
would arrive, and this was a place in which one had to give notice and to observe
certain precautions. It was one of those "millinery establishments" which were
abolished by the police a good time ago. By day it really was a shop; but at
night, if one had an introduction, one might visit it for other purposes.
I walked rapidly through the dark shop into the familiar drawing- room,
where there was only one candle burning, and stood still in amazement: there
was no one there. "Where are they?" I asked somebody. But by now, of course,
they had separated. Before me was standing a person with a stupid smile, the
"madam" herself, who had seen me before. A minute later a door opened and
another person came in.
Thesaurus
cravat: (n) neckerchief, neckcloth, melted: (adj) molten, fluid, liquified, sullenly: (adv) sulkily, sourly,
stock, ascot, collar, handkerchief, dissolved, liquefied, baked, fluent, grumpily, morosely, moodily,
scarf, neckwear, necktie, ruff. touched, limpid, sorry, flowing. dourly, somberly, peevishly, surly,
establishments: (n) establishment. ordained: (adj) destined, prescribed, crossly, petulantly. ANTONYMS:
flakes: (n) dust. appointed, predestined, fated, (adv) graciously, contentedly, gladly,
horribly: (adv) horrifically, awfully, preordained, meant, legal, lawful, cheerily.
terrifically, hideously, atrociously, dedicated, inevitable. unbuttoned: (adj) unobstructed,
appallingly; (adj, adv) frightfully, precautions: (n) protection, defense, untrammeled, unchecked,
terribly, fearfully, shockingly; (adj) safety net. unconfined, unprevented,
ghastly. ANTONYMS: (adv) snowy: (adj) white, pure, clean, blank, unhindered, uncaught, unrestrained,
pleasantly, wonderfully, kindly, hoary, achromatic, snow-white, unlaced, unfastened, unconstrained.
sweetly. unblemished, wintry, wet, favorite. whipped: (v) whipt.
Taking no notice of anything I strode about the room, and, I believe, I talked
to myself. I felt as though I had been saved from death and was conscious of
this, joyfully, all over: I should have given that slap, I should certainly, certainly
have given it! But now they were not here and ... everything had vanished and
changed! I looked round. I could not realise my condition yet. I looked
mechanically at the girl who had come in: and had a glimpse of a fresh, young,
rather pale face, with straight, dark eyebrows, and with grave, as it were
wondering, eyes that attracted me at once; I should have hated her if she had
been smiling. I began looking at her more intently and, as it were, with effort. I
had not fully collected my thoughts. There was something simple and good-
natured in her face, but something strangely grave. I am sure that this stood in
her way here, and no one of those fools had noticed her. She could not,
however, have been called a beauty, though she was tall, strong-looking, and
well built. She was very simply dressed. Something loathsome stirred within
me. I went straight up to her.%
I chanced to look into the glass. My harassed face struck me as revolting in
the extreme, pale, angry, abject, with dishevelled hair. "No matter, I am glad of
it," I thought; "I am glad that I shall seem repulsive to her; I like that."
Thesaurus
dishevelled: (adj) untidy, tousled, absently. unusually, funnily, peculiarly,
messy, blowzy, rough, frowsy, joyfully: (adv) joyously, merrily, gaily, weirdly, marvelously, uncommonly,
frowzy, unkempt, sloppy, slovenly; gleefully, buoyantly, cheerily, extraordinarily, singularly, bizarrely.
(v) bedraggled. jubilantly, pleasantly, mirthfully; ANTONYMS: (adv) typically,
good-natured: (adj) kindly, friendly, (adv, v) happily; (adj, adv) cheerfully. ordinarily, harmoniously.
kind, obliging, gracious, kind- ANTONYMS: (adv) joylessly, vanished: (adj, v) extinct, lost; (adj)
hearted, genial, good, bland, sweet, miserably, despondently. disappeared, departed, missing, died
good-tempered. noticed: (adj) noted. out, absent, dead, wiped out, bygone;
intently: (adv) fixedly, attentively, stirred: (adj) excited, agitated, moved, (v) exhausted. ANTONYMS: (adj)
seriously, raptly, intensely, closely, affected, aroused, emotional, aflame, found, living.
steadily, eagerly, absorbedly, hard, Stirn, horny, susceptible, stirred up. wondering: (adj) inquisitive,
steadfastly. ANTONYM: (adv) strangely: (adv) curiously, queerly, speculative, suspicious.
VI
...Somewhere behind a screen a clock began wheezing, as though oppressed

by something, as though someone were strangling it. After an unnaturally
prolonged wheezing there followed a shrill, nasty, and as it were unexpectedly
rapid, chime—as though someone were suddenly jumping forward. It struck
two. I woke up, though I had indeed not been asleep but lying half-conscious.%
It was almost completely dark in the narrow, cramped, low-pitched room,
cumbered up with an enormous wardrobe and piles of cardboard boxes and all
sorts of frippery and litter. The candle end that had been burning on the table
was going out and gave a faint flicker from time to time. In a few minutes there
would be complete darkness.
I was not long in coming to myself; everything came back to my mind at
once, without an effort, as though it had been in ambush to pounce upon me
again. And, indeed, even while I was unconscious a point seemed continually to
remain in my memory unforgotten, and round it my dreams moved drearily.
But strange to say, everything that had happened to me in that day seemed to me
now, on waking, to be in the far, far away past, as though I had long, long ago
lived all that down.
My head was full of fumes. Something seemed to be hovering over me,
rousing me, exciting me, and making me restless. Misery and spite seemed
Thesaurus
ambush: (n, v) ambuscade, trap, trumpery; (n) frivolity, fluff, shrill: (adj) piercing, penetrating,
attack, assault; (v) wait, waylay, bagatelle, sundries, spangle, strident, keen, shrewd; (v) shriek,
intercept, lurk, bushwhack, surprise; pinchbeck, paste, gimcrack. screech, scream, yell; (adj, v) high,
(n) lying in wait. ANTONYMS: (v) pounce: (n) talon; (v) leap, bound, sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) low, quiet,
retreat, surrender, release; (n) suit. dive, descend, swoop, stoop, charge, resonant.
drearily: (adv) dismally, sadly, dully, attack, seize; (n, v) jump. strangling: (n) strangle, throttling,
melancholy, tediously, boringly, rousing: (adj) stirring, provocative, strangulation, asphyxiation,
bleakly, grimly, gloomily, bracing, thrilling, inspiring, execution.
uninterestingly, monotonously. exhilarating, moving; (n) awakening, wheezing: (adj) breathless, asthmatic,
ANTONYMS: (adv) interestingly, wakening, stimulation; (v) rouse. gasping, out of breath, panting,
cheerfully. ANTONYMS: (adj) conciliatory, dull, puffed, puffing, reedy, wheezy,
frippery: (adj, n) finery, gewgaw; (adj) relaxing. winded.
surging up in me again and seeking an outlet. Suddenly I saw beside me two

wide open eyes scrutinising me curiously and persistently. The look in those
eyes was coldly detached, sullen, as it were utterly remote; it weighed upon
me.%
A grim idea came into my brain and passed all over my body, as a horrible
sensation, such as one feels when one goes into a damp and mouldy cellar.
There was something unnatural in those two eyes, beginning to look at me only
now. I recalled, too, that during those two hours I had not said a single word to
this creature, and had, in fact, considered it utterly superfluous; in fact, the
silence had for some reason gratified me. Now I suddenly realised vividly the
hideous idea—revolting as a spider—of vice, which, without love, grossly and
shamelessly begins with that in which true love finds its consummation. For a
long time we gazed at each other like that, but she did not drop her eyes before
mine and her expression did not change, so that at last I felt uncomfortable.
"What is your name?" I asked abruptly, to put an end to it.
"Liza," she answered almost in a whisper, but somehow far from graciously,
and she turned her eyes away.
I was silent.
"What weather! The snow ... it's disgusting!" I said, almost to myself, putting
my arm under my head despondently, and gazing at the ceiling.
She made no answer. This was horrible.
"Have you always lived in Petersburg?" I asked a minute later, almost
angrily, turning my head slightly towards her.
"No."
"Where do you come from?"
"From Riga," she answered reluctantly.
"Are you a German?"
"No, Russian."
"Have you been here long?"
Thesaurus
consummation: (n) accomplishment, delighted, happy, thankful, grateful, needless, extra, excess, excessive,
completion, fulfillment, fruition, content, complacent, comfortable, unnecessary, surplus, pointless,
performance, execution, climax, cheerful. superabundant, supernumerary,
attainment, perfection, end, mouldy: (adj) moldy, mildewy, fusty, supererogatory. ANTONYMS: (adj)
realization. musty, stale, trite, hackneyed, well- indispensable, important, essential,
despondently: (adv) sadly, dejectedly, worn, putrid, mould, frowsty. basic, pertinent.
despairingly, unhappily, hopelessly, sullen: (adj, n) morose, sulky, sour; surging: (adj) rolling, billowing,
glumly, downheartedly, sorrowfully, (adj) gloomy, gruff, glum, moody, boiling, heaving, seething, stormy,
forlornly, disappointedly, dark, cross, surly; (adj, v) grim. swelling, rising and falling; (n)
disconsolately. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, cheery; (n) foaming, wash.
happily, hopefully, enthusiastically. cheeriness. weighed: (adj) determined, deliberate,
gratified: (adj) glad, satisfied, pleased, superfluous: (adj, v) spare; (adj) tared.
"Where?"
"In this house?"
"A fortnight."
She spoke more and more jerkily. The candle went out; I could no longer
distinguish her face.%
"Have you a father and mother?"
"Yes ... no ... I have."
"Where are they?"
"There ... in Riga."
"What are they?"
"Oh, nothing."
"Nothing? Why, what class are they?"
"Tradespeople."
"Have you always lived with them?"
"Yes."
"How old are you?"
"Twenty." "Why did you leave them?"
"Oh, for no reason."
That answer meant "Let me alone; I feel sick, sad."
We were silent.
God knows why I did not go away. I felt myself more and more sick and
dreary. The images of the previous day began of themselves, apart from my will,
flitting through my memory in confusion. I suddenly recalled something I had
seen that morning when, full of anxious thoughts, I was hurrying to the office.
"I saw them carrying a coffin out yesterday and they nearly dropped it," I
suddenly said aloud, not that I desired to open the conversation, but as it were
by accident.
Thesaurus
candle: (n) candela, light, taper, dark, dismal, stuffy, disconsolate. jerkily: (adv) spasmodically,
bougie, CD, candlepower, lamp, wax ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, irregularly, unsteadily, roughly,
light, Standard candle; (v) examine, cheerful, sunny, brilliant, lively, light, haltingly, by fits and starts,
illuminate. exciting, clear, cheery, pleasant, falteringly, in fits and starts, shakily.
distinguish: (v) discriminate, perceive, exotic. meant: (adj) destined, implied, sincere,
know, describe, make out, discover, flitting: (adj) fleeting, fugitive, preordained, intentional,
descry, behold, identify, recognize, momentary, transient, ephemeral; (v) predestined; (v) intend, designate.
separate. ANTONYMS: (v) mistake, migration.
confound, ignore, Miss, unite, hurrying: (n) hastening, speed,
demean. quickening, rushing, early, speeding,
dreary: (adj) depressing, drab, dull, speeding up, stepping up,
cheerless, drear, miserable, gloomy, amphetamine, forward, eager.
"A coffin?"
"Yes, in the Haymarket; they were bringing it up out of a cellar."
"From a cellar?"
"Not from a cellar, but a basement. Oh, you know ... down below ... from a
house of ill-fame. It was filthy all round ... Egg-shells, litter ... a stench. It was
loathsome."
Silence.%
"A nasty day to be buried," I began, simply to avoid being silent.
"Nasty, in what way?"
"The snow, the wet." (I yawned.)
"It makes no difference," she said suddenly, after a brief silence.
"No, it's horrid." (I yawned again). "The gravediggers must have sworn at
getting drenched by the snow. And there must have been water in the grave."
"Why water in the grave?" she asked, with a sort of curiosity, but speaking
even more harshly and abruptly than before.
I suddenly began to feel provoked.
"Why, there must have been water at the bottom a foot deep. You can't dig a
dry grave in Volkovo Cemetery."
"Why?"
"Why? Why, the place is waterlogged. It's a regular marsh. So they bury
them in water. I've seen it myself ... many times."
(I had never seen it once, indeed I had never been in Volkovo, and had only
heard stories of it.)
"Do you mean to say, you don't mind how you die?"
"But why should I die?" she answered, as though defending herself.
"Why, some day you will die, and you will die just the same as that dead
woman. She was ... a girl like you. She died of consumption."
Thesaurus
basement: (n) base, vault, cellarage, sternly, sharply, cruelly, hoarsely, stench: (n, v) reek, smell; (n) niff, fetor,
offices, story, storey, kitchen, pantry, strictly, pitilessly, rigorously, rigidly; odor, malodour, malodor, mephitis,
scullery, footing; (adj, n) bottom. (adj, adv) piercingly. ANTONYMS: odour, foetor, fetidness.
drenched: (adj) saturated, soaked, (adv) softly, harmoniously, quietly, stories: (n) tale.
soaking, damp, soppy, wet through, gently, elaborately, leniently, sworn: (adj) extreme, mortal,
sodden, sopping, wringing wet, smoothly, tolerantly, cheerfully, implacable, engaged, dedicated,
soaked to the skin, dripping wet. loosely, pleasantly. committed, betrothed, bespoken,
filthy: (adj) unclean, dingy, nasty, foul, litter: (adj, n) brood, jumble; (n) affianced, inveterate.
disgusting, squalid, bawdy, muddy, bedding, stretcher, waste, refuse, waterlogged: (adj) sodden, wet, damp,
grimy, grubby, vile. ANTONYMS: junk, trash, mess; (n, v) clutter; (adj) doughy, awash, covered with water,
(adj) decent, pleasant, attractive. disarray. ANTONYMS: (v) clean; (n) moist; (v) tumbledown, shaky,
harshly: (adv) roughly, severely, space. ramshackle, crumbling.
"A wench would have died in hospital ..." (She knows all about it already:
she said "wench," not "girl.")
"She was in debt to her madam," I retorted, more and more provoked by the
discussion; "and went on earning money for her up to the end, though she was
in consumption. Some sledge-drivers standing by were talking about her to
some soldiers and telling them so. No doubt they knew her. They were
laughing. They were going to meet in a pot-house to drink to her memory."
A great deal of this was my invention. Silence followed, profound silence.
She did not stir.%
"And is it better to die in a hospital?"
"Isn't it just the same? Besides, why should I die?" she added irritably.
"If not now, a little later."
"Why a little later?"
"Why, indeed? Now you are young, pretty, fresh, you fetch a high price. But
after another year of this life you will be very different—you will go off."
"In a year?"
"Anyway, in a year you will be worth less," I continued malignantly. "You
will go from here to something lower, another house; a year later—to a third,
lower and lower, and in seven years you will come to a basement in the
Haymarket. That will be if you were lucky. But it would be much worse if you
got some disease, consumption, say ... and caught a chill, or something or other.
It's not easy to get over an illness in your way of life. If you catch anything you
may not get rid of it. And so you would die."
"Oh, well, then I shall die," she answered, quite vindictively, and she made a
quick movement.
"But one is sorry."
"Sorry for whom?"
"Sorry for life." Silence.
"Have you been engaged to be married? Eh?"
Thesaurus
chill: (adj, v) cool; (adj, n) cold; (adj) petulantly, snappily, sulkily. hot, excited; (adv) up in arms.
bleak, icy, chilly, frosty, depressing; ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, gratuitous,
(v) freeze, dispirit, damp; (n) cheerily, lightly. pleased.
coolness. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) warm; malignantly: (adv) maliciously, vindictively: (adv) revengefully,
(n) warmth, warmness; (v) spitefully, evilly, malevolently, spitefully, rancorously, maliciously,
encourage, hearten, inspirit, thaw; hatefully, perniciously, nastily, nastily, unkindly, malignantly,
(adj) hot, gregarious, friendly, malefically, viciously, pestilentially, malevolently, mercilessly,
sociable. noisomely. ANTONYM: (adv) resentfully, ruthlessly. ANTONYM:
earning: (n) proceeds; (v) get. benevolently. (adv) mercifully.
irritably: (adv) splenetically, provoked: (adj, prep) exasperated, wench: (n) miss, damsel, strumpet,
cholerically, cholericly, impatiently, inflamed; (adj) irritated, aggravated, trollop, Trull, missy, quean, slut,
angrily, heatedly, irately, pettishly, infuriated, indignant, irate, huffy, nymph, dame; (n, v) drab.
"What's that to you?"

"Oh, I am not cross-examining you. It's nothing to me. Why are you so
cross? Of course you may have had your own troubles. What is it to me? It's
simply that I felt sorry."
"Sorry for whom?"
"Sorry for you."
"No need," she whispered hardly audibly, and again made a faint
movement.%
That incensed me at once. What! I was so gentle with her, and she...
"Why, do you think that you are on the right path?"
"I don't think anything."
"That's what's wrong, that you don't think. Realise it while there is still time.
There still is time. You are still young, good-looking; you might love, be
married, be happy..."
"Not all married women are happy," she snapped out in the rude abrupt tone
she had used at first.
"Not all, of course, but anyway it is much better than the life here. Infinitely
better. Besides, with love one can live even without happiness. Even in sorrow
life is sweet; life is sweet, however one lives. But here what is there but ...
foulness? Phew!"
I turned away with disgust; I was no longer reasoning coldly. I began to feel
myself what I was saying and warmed to the subject. I was already longing to
expound the cherished ideas I had brooded over in my corner. Something
suddenly flared up in me. An object had appeared before me.
"Never mind my being here, I am not an example for you. I am, perhaps,
worse than you are. I was drunk when I came here, though," I hastened,
however, to say in self-defence. "Besides, a man is no example for a woman. It's
a different thing. I may degrade and defile myself, but I am not anyone's slave. I
come and go, and that's an end of it. I shake it off, and I am a different man. But
Thesaurus
audibly: (adv) loudly, clearly, out explain, expand. aggravated. ANTONYM: (adj)
loud. ANTONYMS: (adv) flared: (adj) aflare, increasing. pleased.
imperceptibly, inaudibly, foulness: (n) filthiness, dirtiness, longing: (n, v) desire, aspiration; (adj)
indistinctly, silently. corruption, contamination, dirt, eager, wistful, nostalgic; (n) nostalgia,
cherished: (adj) dear, precious, loved, squalor, squalidity, impurity, wish, hankering, urge, appetite; (adj,
treasured, prized, intimate, wanted, pollution, nastiness, indecency. n) yearning. ANTONYMS: (n)
valued, pet, valuable, close. ANTONYMS: (n) cleanness, luxury, apathy, disinclination; (adj) satisfied,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable, cleanliness, purity, attractiveness. unconcerned.
hated, distant. hastened: (adj) careless. self-defence: (n) self-defense.
expound: (v) explicate, elucidate, incensed: (adj) angry, exasperated, troubles: (n) dilemma, evils, harms,
annotate, elaborate, define, read, enraged, indignant, irate, infuriated, ills.
clarify, illustrate, interpret; (adj, v) irritated, mad, livid, angered, warmed: (adj) warmer, warm, baked.
you are a slave from the start. Yes, a slave! You give up everything, your whole
freedom. If you want to break your chains afterwards, you won't be able to; you
will be more and more fast in the snares. It is an accursed bondage. I know it. I
won't speak of anything else, maybe you won't understand, but tell me: no doubt
you are in debt to your madam? There, you see," I added, though she made no
answer, but only listened in silence, entirely absorbed, "that's a bondage for you!
You will never buy your freedom. They will see to that. It's like selling your
soul to the devil... And besides ... perhaps, I too, am just as unlucky—how do
you know—and wallow in the mud on purpose, out of misery? You know, men
take to drink from grief; well, maybe I am here from grief. Come, tell me, what is
there good here? Here you and I ... came together ... just now and did not say
one word to one another all the time, and it was only afterwards you began
staring at me like a wild creature, and I at you. Is that loving? Is that how one
human being should meet another? It's hideous, that's what it is!"
"Yes!" she assented sharply and hurriedly.%
I was positively astounded by the promptitude of this "Yes." So the same
thought may have been straying through her mind when she was staring at me
just before. So she, too, was capable of certain thoughts? "Damn it all, this was
interesting, this was a point of likeness!" I thought, almost rubbing my hands.
And indeed it's easy to turn a young soul like that!
It was the exercise of my power that attracted me most.
She turned her head nearer to me, and it seemed to me in the darkness that
she propped herself on her arm. Perhaps she was scrutinising me. How I
regretted that I could not see her eyes. I heard her deep breathing.
"Why have you come here?" I asked her, with a note of authority already in
my voice.
"Oh, I don't know."
"But how nice it would be to be living in your father's house! It's warm and
free; you have a home of your own."
"But what if it's worse than this?"
Thesaurus
astounded: (adj) amazed, stunned, iron, confine, trammel. grinding, detrition, rub, grip,
flabbergasted, bewildered, hideous: (adj) dreadful, frightful, resistance, chafe, sweat, travail,
dumbfounded, surprised, staggered, fearful, ghastly, horrid, ugly, massage. ANTONYM: (n)
astonied, dazed, astound, aghast. repulsive, lurid, horrible, grisly, smoothness.
bondage: (n) thrall, thraldom, grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, straying: (n) digression, departure,
thralldom, slavery, captivity, pleasant, beautiful, wonderful. error; (adj) errant, mistaking,
enslavement, duress, restraint, yoke, promptitude: (n) expedition, speed, containing error, incorrect,
vassalage; (adj, n) villenage. readiness, promptness, velocity, misleading, astray, mistaken,
ANTONYMS: (n) independence, haste, agility, rapidity, celerity, erroneous.
emancipation, freedom. hurry, dispatch. wallow: (v) roll, flounder, welter,
chains: (n) fetters, bond, chain, bonds, propped: (adj) fulcrate. triumph, enjoy, rejoice, splash, bask;
handcuffs, irons, manacles, shackles, rubbing: (n) friction, abrasion, (adj) luxuriate, crouch, slouch.
"I must take the right tone," flashed through my mind. "I may not get far
with sentimentality." But it was only a momentary thought. I swear she really
did interest me. Besides, I was exhausted and moody. And cunning so easily
goes hand-in-hand with feeling.%
"Who denies it!" I hastened to answer. "Anything may happen. I am
convinced that someone has wronged you, and that you are more sinned against
than sinning. Of course, I know nothing of your story, but it's not likely a girl
like you has come here of her own inclination..."
"A girl like me?" she whispered, hardly audibly; but I heard it.
Damn it all, I was flattering her. That was horrid. But perhaps it was a good
thing... She was silent.
"See, Liza, I will tell you about myself. If I had had a home from childhood, I
shouldn't be what I am now. I often think that. However bad it may be at home,
anyway they are your father and mother, and not enemies, strangers. Once a
year at least, they'll show their love of you. Anyway, you know you are at home.
I grew up without a home; and perhaps that's why I've turned so ... unfeeling."
I waited again. "Perhaps she doesn't understand," I thought, "and, indeed, it
is absurd—it's moralising."
"If I were a father and had a daughter, I believe I should love my daughter
more than my sons, really," I began indirectly, as though talking of something
else, to distract her attention. I must confess I blushed.
"Why so?" she asked.
Ah! so she was listening!
"I don't know, Liza. I knew a father who was a stern, austere man, but used
to go down on his knees to his daughter, used to kiss her hands, her feet, he
couldn't make enough of her, really. When she danced at parties he used to
stand for five hours at a stretch, gazing at her. He was mad over her: I
understand that! She would fall asleep tired at night, and he would wake to kiss
her in her sleep and make the sign of the cross over her. He would go about in a
dirty old coat, he was stingy to everyone else, but would spend his last penny for
Thesaurus
distract: (adj, v) confuse, bewilder; (v) partially. long.
disorder, ail, disturb, deflect, craze, gazing: (adj) fixed. sinning: (n) sin, hell, evildoing,
disquiet, molest, annoy, agitate. horrid: (adj) grisly, ghastly, ugly, original sin, mortal sin; (adj) errant,
ANTONYMS: (v) center, explain, gruesome, grim, fearful, dreadful, corrupt, faulty, morbid, peccant, evil.
concentrate, clarify. direful, dire, horrible, fearsome. stingy: (adj) mean, miserly, avaricious,
flattering: (adj) ingratiating, ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, nice, low, penurious, skimpy, greedy,
complimentary, courtly, obsequious, appealing, attractive, kind. niggard, frugal; (adj, v) narrow, close.
adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, momentary: (adj) brief, fugitive, ANTONYMS: (adj) generous,
smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. transient, short, instantaneous, spendthrift, magnanimous,
ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, critical, ephemeral, passing, momentaneous, extravagant.
unflattering, unattractive, wounding, temporary, impermanent, temporal. wronged: (adj) upset, hurt, indignant,
uncomplimentary, negative; (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) lasting, lengthy, offended.
her, giving her expensive presents, and it was his greatest delight when she was
pleased with what he gave her. Fathers always love their daughters more than
the mothers do. Some girls live happily at home! And I believe I should never
let my daughters marry."
"What next?" she said, with a faint smile.%
"I should be jealous, I really should. To think that she should kiss anyone
else! That she should love a stranger more than her father! It's painful to
imagine it. Of course, that's all nonsense, of course every father would be
reasonable at last. But I believe before I should let her marry, I should worry
myself to death; I should find fault with all her suitors. But I should end by
letting her marry whom she herself loved. The one whom the daughter loves
always seems the worst to the father, you know. That is always so. So many
family troubles come from that."
"Some are glad to sell their daughters, rather than marrying them
honourably."
Ah, so that was it!
"Such a thing, Liza, happens in those accursed families in which there is
neither love nor God," I retorted warmly, "and where there is no love, there is no
sense either. There are such families, it's true, but I am not speaking of them.
You must have seen wickedness in your own family, if you talk like that. Truly,
you must have been unlucky. H'm! ... that sort of thing mostly comes about
through poverty."
"And is it any better with the gentry? Even among the poor, honest people
who live happily?"
"H'm ... yes. Perhaps. Another thing, Liza, man is fond of reckoning up his
troubles, but does not count his joys. If he counted them up as he ought, he
would see that every lot has enough happiness provided for it. And what if all
goes well with the family, if the blessing of God is upon it, if the husband is a
good one, loves you, cherishes you, never leaves you! There is happiness in such
a family! Even sometimes there is happiness in the midst of sorrow; and indeed
Thesaurus
families: (n) family. cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm, eagerly, strongly, pleasantly.
marrying: (adj) married. content; (v) rejoice. ANTONYMS: (adv) coolly,
midst: (adj, n) middle; (adv) mid, unlucky: (adj) luckless, hapless, inhospitably, sourly, disagreeably,
between; (prep) among, amid; (n) unhappy, sinister, inauspicious, indifferently, frostily, roughly,
core, center, thick, interior, heart, unsuccessful, ominous, adverse, rudely, apathetically.
waist. disastrous, unfavorable; (adj, v) wickedness: (n) depravity, sin,
sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve; untoward. ANTONYMS: (adj) sinfulness, iniquity, harm, ill, vice,
(v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache, fortunate, happy, auspicious, evilness, corruption, immorality,
repentance, remorse; (adj, n) sadness, successful. crime. ANTONYMS: (n) goodness,
misery; (adj, n, v) distress. warmly: (adv) cordially, ardently, kindness, piety, righteousness,
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight, hotly, genially, affectionately, benevolence, religiousness,
happiness, peace, hopefulness, vigorously, fervently, zealously, obedience, good.
sorrow %is everywhere. If you marry you will find out for yourself. But think of the
first years of married life with one you love: what happiness, what happiness
there sometimes is in it! And indeed it's the ordinary thing. In those early days
even quarrels with one's husband end happily. Some women get up quarrels
with their husbands just because they love them. Indeed, I knew a woman like
that: she seemed to say that because she loved him, she would torment him and
make him feel it. You know that you may torment a man on purpose through
love. Women are particularly given to that, thinking to themselves 'I will love
him so, I will make so much of him afterwards, that it's no sin to torment him a
little now.' And all in the house rejoice in the sight of you, and you are happy
and gay and peaceful and honourable... Then there are some women who are
jealous. If he went off anywhere—I knew one such woman, she couldn't restrain
herself, but would jump up at night and run off on the sly to find out where he
was, whether he was with some other woman. That's a pity. And the woman
knows herself it's wrong, and her heart fails her and she suffers, but she loves—
it's all through love. And how sweet it is to make up after quarrels, to own
herself in the wrong or to forgive him! And they both are so happy all at once—
as though they had met anew, been married over again; as though their love had
begun afresh. And no one, no one should know what passes between husband
and wife if they love one another. And whatever quarrels there may be between
them they ought not to call in their own mother to judge between them and tell
tales of one another. They are their own judges. Love is a holy mystery and
ought to be hidden from all other eyes, whatever happens. That makes it holier
and better. They respect one another more, and much is built on respect. And if
once there has been love, if they have been married for love, why should love
pass away? Surely one can keep it! It is rare that one cannot keep it. And if the
husband is kind and straightforward, why should not love last? The first phase
of married love will pass, it is true, but then there will come a love that is better
still. Then there will be the union of souls, they will have everything in common,
there will be no secrets between them. And once they have children, the most
difficult times will seem to them happy, so long as there is love and courage.
Even toil will be a joy, you may deny yourself bread for your children and even
Thesaurus
afresh: (adv) again, newly, over again, castigate. intensify, increase, free, extend,
new, once again, freshly, once more, jealous: (adj) distrustful, envious, express, support.
often; (adj) the other day, just now, covetous, suspicious, jealousy, secrets: (n) secrecy.
only yesterday. resentful, invidious, green, grudging, themselves: (pron) myself, itself,
anew: (adv) again, newly, lately, jaundiced, attentive. ANTONYM: yourself; (n) yourselves.
recently, over again, once more, once (adj) trusting. torment: (n, v) tease, distress, harass,
again, new; (adj) only yesterday, the judges: (n) judge, adjudicators, jury. afflict, pain, annoy; (n) agony,
other day, just now. restrain: (adj, v) confine; (v) control, anguish, suffering; (v) persecute,
forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit, rein, hold, curb, bind, contain, oppress. ANTONYMS: (v) please,
remit, pardon, justify, to forgive, prevent, limit, repress; (n, v) check. delight, placate, comfort, soothe; (n)
exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse. ANTONYMS: (v) encourage, contentment, happiness, pleasure,
ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish, promote, unleash, impel, release, calm, content.
that will be a joy, They will love you for it afterwards; so you are laying by for
your future. As the children grow up you feel that you are an example, a
support for them; that even after you die your children will always keep your
thoughts and feelings, because they have received them from you, they will take
on your semblance and likeness. So you see this is a great duty. How can it fail
to draw the father and mother nearer? People say it's a trial to have children.
Who says that? It is heavenly happiness! Are you fond of little children, Liza? I
am awfully fond of them. You know—a little rosy baby boy at your bosom, and
what husband's heart is not touched, seeing his wife nursing his child! A plump
little rosy baby, sprawling and snuggling, chubby little hands and feet, clean
tiny little nails, so tiny that it makes one laugh to look at them; eyes that look as if
they understand everything. And while it sucks it clutches at your bosom with
its little hand, plays. When its father comes up, the child tears itself away from
the bosom, flings itself back, looks at its father, laughs, as though it were
fearfully funny, and falls to sucking again. Or it will bite its mother's breast
when its little teeth are coming, while it looks sideways at her with its little eyes
as though to say, 'Look, I am biting!' Is not all that happiness when they are the
three together, husband, wife and child? One can forgive a great deal for the
sake of such moments. Yes, Liza, one must first learn to live oneself before one
blames others!"
"It's by pictures, pictures like that one must get at you," I thought to myself,
though I did speak with real feeling, and all at once I flushed crimson. "What if
she were suddenly to burst out laughing, what should I do then?" That idea
drove me to fury. Towards the end of my speech I really was excited, and now
my vanity was somehow wounded. The silence continued. I almost nudged
her.%
"Why are you—" she began and stopped. But I understood: there was a
quiver of something different in her voice, not abrupt, harsh and unyielding as
before, but something soft and shamefaced, so shamefaced that I suddenly felt
ashamed and guilty.
"What?" I asked, with tender curiosity.
Thesaurus
began: (v) Gan. vibration, tremor. (adv) asprawl; (n) attitude.
chubby: (adj) fat, plump, fleshy, shamefaced: (adj) coy, sheepish, ANTONYM: (adj) narrow.
round, pudgy, stout, chunky, heavy, modest, shy, hangdog, bashful, sucking: (n) suck, intake, uptake,
tubby, overweight, ample. guilty, skittish, embarrassed, aspiration, ingestion, consumption.
ANTONYMS: (adj) skinny, slim, diffident, shamed. unyielding: (adj) obdurate, stubborn,
bony, anorexic, slender. snuggling: (n) smooching, petting, unbending, uncompromising,
clutches: (n) clasp, grip, grasp, hold, necking, cuddling, hugging, kissing, relentless, firm, obstinate, resolute,
clench, seizing, custody, talons; (v) caressing, snogging, gorgerin, hard, inexorable, inflexible.
vice, tongs, pliers. arousal, foreplay. ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible,
quiver: (adj, n, v) shudder, shiver, sprawling: (adj) sprawled, roomy, compliant, soft, surrendering,
tremble, shake; (v) flicker, flutter, sizeable, untidy, straggling, yielding, bouncy, loose, limp,
vibrate; (n, v) palpitate, quaver; (n) expansive, sprawly, wide, extensive; unrelenting, gentle, fragile.
"Why, you ..."

"What?"
"Why, you ... speak somehow like a book," she said, and again there was a
note of irony in her voice.%
That remark sent a pang to my heart. It was not what I was expecting.
I did not understand that she was hiding her feelings under irony, that this is
usually the last refuge of modest and chaste-souled people when the privacy of
their soul is coarsely and intrusively invaded, and that their pride makes them
refuse to surrender till the last moment and shrink from giving expression to
their feelings before you. I ought to have guessed the truth from the timidity
with which she had repeatedly approached her sarcasm, only bringing herself to
utter it at last with an effort. But I did not guess, and an evil feeling took
possession of me.
"Wait a bit!" I thought.
Thesaurus
coarsely: (adv) grossly, rudely, sarcasm: (adj, n) irony, ridicule, satire, cowardice, fearfulness, timidness,
harshly, roughly, crudely, commonly, humor; (n) gibe, bitterness, jeer, modesty, humility, coyness.
vulgarly, bluntly, uncouthly, scorn, insinuation, taunt; (adj) ANTONYMS: (n) confidence,
inelegantly, offensively. sarcastic. ANTONYM: (n) kindness. boastfulness, swagger, brashness,
ANTONYMS: (adv) politely, evenly, shrink: (adj, v) recoil; (n, v) flinch, security.
finely, smoothly, tastefully. wince; (v) contract, shorten, lessen, took: (adj) taken; (v) receive.
guessed: (adj) rude, inscrutable. diminish, cower, reduce, quail, utter: (v) say, state, speak, breathe,
intrusively: (adv) meddlesomely, decrease. ANTONYMS: (v) increase, articulate, deliver, voice, pronounce;
obtrusively, impertinently, pryingly, enlarge, grow, stretch, swell, bloom, (adj, n, v) express, declare; (adj, v) tell.
meddlingly, curiously, busily, rise, inflate. ANTONYMS: (adj) qualified,
untowardly, nosily, unbefittingly, timidity: (n) shyness, fear, incomplete, uncertain, rather, slight;
unfortunately. bashfulness, nervousness, reserve, (v) conceal, hide, block.
VII
"Oh, %hush, Liza! How can you talk about being like a book, when it makes
even me, an outsider, feel sick? Though I don't look at it as an outsider, for,
indeed, it touches me to the heart... Is it possible, is it possible that you do not
feel sick at being here yourself? Evidently habit does wonders! God knows what
habit can do with anyone. Can you seriously think that you will never grow old,
that you will always be good- looking, and that they will keep you here for ever
and ever? I say nothing of the loathsomeness of the life here... Though let me tell
you this about it—about your present life, I mean; here though you are young
now, attractive, nice, with soul and feeling, yet you know as soon as I came to
myself just now I felt at once sick at being here with you! One can only come
here when one is drunk. But if you were anywhere else, living as good people
live, I should perhaps be more than attracted by you, should fall in love with
you, should be glad of a look from you, let alone a word; I should hang about
your door, should go down on my knees to you, should look upon you as my
betrothed and think it an honour to be allowed to. I should not dare to have an
impure thought about you. But here, you see, I know that I have only to whistle
and you have to come with me whether you like it or not. I don't consult your
wishes, but you mine. The lowest labourer hires himself as a workman, but he
doesn't make a slave of himself altogether; besides, he knows that he will be free
again presently. But when are you free? Only think what you are giving up
Thesaurus
attracted: (adj) paying attention, navvy, porter, docker, gravedigger, slave: (n) servant, bondman, thrall,
concerned, enamored, enthusiastic, hodman, hewer, digger, drudge. bondsman, bondwoman, captive,
interested, involved, amatory. loathsomeness: (n) dreadfulness, vassal; (n, v) labor; (v) drudge, work;
betrothed: (adj) affianced, intended, odiousness, horridness, disgust, (adj, n) inferior. ANTONYMS: (adj)
bespoken, busy, occupied, nastiness, abomination, aversion, free; (v) slack.
contracted, attached, bargained for; awfulness, detestation, loathliness, whistle: (v) sing, twitter, hiss, warble,
(n) fiance, fiancee; (v) engage. disgustedness. tweet, cheep, chirp, wheeze; (n, v)
impure: (adj) defiled, dirty, unclean, outsider: (n) foreigner, stranger, cry; (n) whistling, tin whistle.
squalid, sordid, filthy, bastard, foul, layman, outlander, foreign, workman: (n) laborer, working man,
immoral, profane, contaminated. newcomer, unknown, immigrant, worker, employee, hand, operative,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unmixed, clean. bystander, strangers, guest. artisan, working person, lather,
labourer: (n) laborer, toiler, peon, ANTONYMS: (n) native, participant. mechanic, artificer.
here? % What is it you are making a slave of? It is your soul, together with your
body; you are selling your soul which you have no right to dispose of! You give
your love to be outraged by every drunkard! Love! But that's everything, you
know, it's a priceless diamond, it's a maiden's treasure, love—why, a man would
be ready to give his soul, to face death to gain that love. But how much is your
love worth now? You are sold, all of you, body and soul, and there is no need to
strive for love when you can have everything without love. And you know there
is no greater insult to a girl than that, do you understand? To be sure, I have
heard that they comfort you, poor fools, they let you have lovers of your own
here. But you know that's simply a farce, that's simply a sham, it's just laughing
at you, and you are taken in by it! Why, do you suppose he really loves you, that
lover of yours? I don't believe it. How can he love you when he knows you may
be called away from him any minute? He would be a low fellow if he did! Will
he have a grain of respect for you? What have you in common with him? He
laughs at you and robs you—that is all his love amounts to! You are lucky if he
does not beat you. Very likely he does beat you, too. Ask him, if you have got
one, whether he will marry you. He will laugh in your face, if he doesn't spit in
it or give you a blow—though maybe he is not worth a bad halfpenny himself.
And for what have you ruined your life, if you come to think of it? For the coffee
they give you to drink and the plentiful meals? But with what object are they
feeding you up? An honest girl couldn't swallow the food, for she would know
what she was being fed for. You are in debt here, and, of course, you will always
be in debt, and you will go on in debt to the end, till the visitors here begin to
scorn you. And that will soon happen, don't rely upon your youth—all that flies
by express train here, you know. You will be kicked out. And not simply kicked
out; long before that she'll begin nagging at you, scolding you, abusing you, as
though you had not sacrificed your health for her, had not thrown away your
youth and your soul for her benefit, but as though you had ruined her, beggared
her, robbed her. And don't expect anyone to take your part: the others, your
companions, will attack you, too, win her favour, for all are in slavery here, and
have lost all conscience and pity here long ago. They have become utterly vile,
and nothing on earth is viler, more loathsome, and more insulting than their
Thesaurus
beggared: (adj) strapped, poverty- niggling, captious, vexatious, (n) compliment, approval.
stricken, destitute, poor, needy, bothersome, demanding, moaning, sham: (adj, adv, n, v) counterfeit; (adj,
broke, bereft, beggarly, uneasy; (n) torment. n, v) fake; (adj, v) pretend, put on;
impoverished. priceless: (adj) invaluable, rare, (adj, n) imitation, phony; (v) feign;
drunkard: (n) alcoholic, drinker, inestimable, incalculable, costly, (adj) false; (n) fraud, impostor,
boozer, dipsomaniac, rummy, beyond price, valuable, picked, best, falsehood. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) real;
inebriate, toper, sot, bibber, lush, choice, elect. ANTONYMS: (adj) (n) original, truth, truthfulness,
imbiber. worthless, cheap. honesty; (adj) valid.
halfpenny: (adj) feather, bulrush, old scolding: (n) rebuke, lecture, strive: (v) endeavor, contend, contest,
son, jot, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, castigation, admonition, reproof, struggle, fight, attempt, combat,
rap; (n) bawbee, doit, farthing. objurgation, chiding, dressing, strain, work, aspire, aim.
nagging: (adj) critical, troublesome, jobation, scold, rating. ANTONYMS: yours: (adj) own.
abuse. % And you are laying down everything here, unconditionally, youth and
health and beauty and hope, and at twenty-two you will look like a woman of
five-and-thirty, and you will be lucky if you are not diseased, pray to God for
that! No doubt you are thinking now that you have a gay time and no work to
do! Yet there is no work harder or more dreadful in the world or ever has been.
One would think that the heart alone would be worn out with tears. And you
won't dare to say a word, not half a word when they drive you away from here;
you will go away as though you were to blame. You will change to another
house, then to a third, then somewhere else, till you come down at last to the
Haymarket. There you will be beaten at every turn; that is good manners there,
the visitors don't know how to be friendly without beating you. You don't
believe that it is so hateful there? Go and look for yourself some time, you can
see with your own eyes. Once, one New Year's Day, I saw a woman at a door.
They had turned her out as a joke, to give her a taste of the frost because she had
been crying so much, and they shut the door behind her. At nine o'clock in the
morning she was already quite drunk, dishevelled, half-naked, covered with
bruises, her face was powdered, but she had a black-eye, blood was trickling
from her nose and her teeth; some cabman had just given her a drubbing. She
was sitting on the stone steps, a salt fish of some sort was in her hand; she was
crying, wailing something about her luck and beating with the fish on the steps,
and cabmen and drunken soldiers were crowding in the doorway taunting her.
You don't believe that you will ever be like that? I should be sorry to believe it,
too, but how do you know; maybe ten years, eight years ago that very woman
with the salt fish came here fresh as a cherub, innocent, pure, knowing no evil,
blushing at every word. Perhaps she was like you, proud, ready to take offence,
not like the others; perhaps she looked like a queen, and knew what happiness
was in store for the man who should love her and whom she should love. Do
you see how it ended? And what if at that very minute when she was beating on
the filthy steps with that fish, drunken and dishevelled—what if at that very
minute she recalled the pure early days in her father's house, when she used to
go to school and the neighbour's son watched for her on the way, declaring that
he would love her as long as he lived, that he would devote his life to her, and
Thesaurus
blushing: (adj) rosy, coy, blushful, doorway: (n) door, entrance, entry, nice, benign, desirable.
flushed, red, shy, bashful, passage, entryway, way in, access, unconditionally: (adv) totally,
overmodest, ruddy; (adv) blushingly, driveway, gate, gateway, lobby. categorically, flatly, completely,
ablush. ANTONYM: (adj) pale. drubbing: (n) debacle, defeat, unreservedly, unqualifiedly,
cabman: (n) cabdriver, cabby, taximan, walloping, slaughter, thrashing, unlimitedly, utterly, positively,
carman, coachman, driver, taxi flogging, whipping, discomfiture, unrestrictedly, definitely.
driver, hackdriver, taxidriver. rout, hiding, licking. ANTONYMS: (adv) partially,
cherub: (n) baby, seraph, infant, hateful: (adj) disgusting, execrable, unenthusiastically.
cherubim, guardian angel, child, nasty, abominable, hideous, wailing: (n, v) lamentation, lament,
babe, archangel, cherubin. despicable, repulsive, distasteful, moaning; (adj) lamenting, weeping,
crowding: (n) plough crowding, foul; (adj, v) odious, obnoxious. crying, wailful, howling, sobbing;
bunch, jostlement, overcrowding. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, kind, (adj, n) bawling; (n) cry.
when %they vowed to love one another for ever and be married as soon as they
were grown up! No, Liza, it would be happy for you if you were to die soon of
consumption in some corner, in some cellar like that woman just now. In the
hospital, do you say? You will be lucky if they take you, but what if you are still
of use to the madam here? Consumption is a queer disease, it is not like fever.
The patient goes on hoping till the last minute and says he is all right. He
deludes himself And that just suits your madam. Don't doubt it, that's how it is;
you have sold your soul, and what is more you owe money, so you daren't say a
word. But when you are dying, all will abandon you, all will turn away from
you, for then there will be nothing to get from you. What's more, they will
reproach you for cumbering the place, for being so long over dying. However
you beg you won't get a drink of water without abuse: 'Whenever are you going
off, you nasty hussy, you won't let us sleep with your moaning, you make the
gentlemen sick.' That's true, I have heard such things said myself. They will
thrust you dying into the filthiest corner in the cellar—in the damp and
darkness; what will your thoughts be, lying there alone? When you die, strange
hands will lay you out, with grumbling and impatience; no one will bless you,
no one will sigh for you, they only want to get rid of you as soon as may be; they
will buy a coffin, take you to the grave as they did that poor woman today, and
celebrate your memory at the tavern. In the grave, sleet, filth, wet snow—no
need to put themselves out for you—'Let her down, Vanuha; it's just like her
luck—even here, she is head-foremost, the hussy. Shorten the cord, you rascal.'
'It's all right as it is.' 'All right, is it? Why, she's on her side! She was a fellow-
creature, after all! But, never mind, throw the earth on her.' And they won't care
to waste much time quarrelling over you. They will scatter the wet blue clay as
quick as they can and go off to the tavern ... and there your memory on earth will
end; other women have children to go to their graves, fathers, husbands. While
for you neither tear, nor sigh, nor remembrance; no one in the whole world will
ever come to you, your name will vanish from the face of the earth—as though
you had never existed, never been born at all! Nothing but filth and mud,
however you knock at your coffin lid at night, when the dead arise, however you
cry: 'Let me out, kind people, to live in the light of day! My life was no life at all;
Thesaurus
filth: (n) grime, garbage, foulness, female, baggage, Trull, minx, quean, ANTONYMS: (adj) conventional,
impurity, soil, blot, stain, nastiness, huswife. normal, well.
squalor, uncleanliness; (adj) impure. moaning: (n, v) lamentation; (adj) remembrance: (n, v) recollection,
ANTONYMS: (n) cleanliness, luxury, groaning, whining, funereal, mind; (n) commemoration, memorial,
loveliness. inarticulate, dirgeful; (n) recall, relic, monument, keepsake,
grumbling: (n) grumble, growling, complaining, mourning. reminiscence, recognition; (adj, n)
murmur, murmuring, mutter, quarrelling: (adj) at variance, in memento.
muttering; (adj, n) rumbling; (adv) dispute, in disagreement, in conflict; sleet: (n, v) rain; (n) hail, snift,
grumblingly; (adj) grouchy, grumpy, (n) dissension. downfall, glaze, metabolic residue,
irritable. queer: (adj) fantastic, odd, eccentric, moment; (v) come down.
hussy: (n) strumpet, trollop, funny, curious, gay, peculiar, strange, vowed: (v) promised, named,
fornicatress, adulteress, tramp, quaint, fishy, outlandish. benempt.
my life has been thrown away like a dish- clout; it was drunk away in the tavern
at the Haymarket; let me out, kind people, to live in the world again.'"
And I worked myself up to such a pitch that I began to have a lump in my
throat myself, and ... and all at once I stopped, sat up in dismay and, bending
over apprehensively, began to listen with a beating heart. I had reason to be
troubled.%
I had felt for some time that I was turning her soul upside down and rending
her heart, and—and the more I was convinced of it, the more eagerly I desired to
gain my object as quickly and as effectually as possible. It was the exercise of
my skill that carried me away; yet it was not merely sport...
I knew I was speaking stiffly, artificially, even bookishly, in fact, I could not
speak except "like a book." But that did not trouble me: I knew, I felt that I
should be understood and that this very bookishness might be an assistance.
But now, having attained my effect, I was suddenly panic-stricken. Never before
had I witnessed such despair! She was lying on her face, thrusting her face into
the pillow and clutching it in both hands. Her heart was being torn. Her
youthful body was shuddering all over as though in convulsions. Suppressed
sobs rent her bosom and suddenly burst out in weeping and wailing, then she
pressed closer into the pillow: she did not want anyone here, not a living soul, to
know of her anguish and her tears. She bit the pillow, bit her hand till it bled (I
saw that afterwards), or, thrusting her fingers into her dishevelled hair, seemed
rigid with the effort of restraint, holding her breath and clenching her teeth. I
began saying something, begging her to calm herself, but felt that I did not dare;
and all at once, in a sort of cold shiver, almost in terror, began fumbling in the
dark, trying hurriedly to get dressed to go. It was dark; though I tried my best I
could not finish dressing quickly. Suddenly I felt a box of matches and a
candlestick with a whole candle in it. As soon as the room was lighted up, Liza
sprang up, sat up in bed, and with a contorted face, with a half insane smile,
looked at me almost senselessly. I sat down beside her and took her hands; she
came to herself, made an impulsive movement towards me, would have caught
hold of me, but did not dare, and slowly bowed her head before me.
Thesaurus
apprehensively: (adv) uneasily, candlestick: (n) candelabra, sconce, and shoulders. ANTONYM: (adv)
fearfully, worriedly, solicitously, chandelier, candle holder, girandole, ineffectually.
timidly, restlessly, nervously, candleholder, holder, electrolier, rending: (adj) ripping, excruciating,
timorously, suspiciously, uncertainly, gaselier, girandola, luster. cacophonous, cacophonic; (v)
hesitantly. ANTONYMS: (adv) contorted: (adj) crooked, bent, harrowing; (n) division, outbreak.
calmly, fearlessly, trustingly, writhed, writhen, deformed, senselessly: (adv) stupidly,
unconcernedly. distorted, wry, twist, misshapen, nonsensically, foolishly, inanely,
bled: (v) bleed; (n) bulla. perverted, malformed. insanely, pointlessly, unwisely, silly,
bookishly: (adv) studiously, learnedly, effectually: (adv) efficaciously, meaninglessly, blindly, futilely.
literarily, pedantically, pedanticly, effectively, validly, adequately, upside: (n) crest, crown, poll, top side,
eruditely. potently, tellingly, strongly, upper side, pate, round top, acme,
bookishness: (n) erudition. decisively; (adj) nicely, fully, head summit, superlative, teetotum.
"Liza, my dear, I was wrong ... forgive me, my dear," I began, but she
squeezed my hand in her fingers so tightly that I felt I was saying the wrong
thing and stopped.%
"This is my address, Liza, come to me."
"I will come," she answered resolutely, her head still bowed.
"But now I am going, good-bye ... till we meet again."
I got up; she, too, stood up and suddenly flushed all over, gave a shudder,
snatched up a shawl that was lying on a chair and muffled herself in it to her
chin. As she did this she gave another sickly smile, blushed and looked at me
strangely. I felt wretched; I was in haste to get away—to disappear.
"Wait a minute," she said suddenly, in the passage just at the doorway,
stopping me with her hand on my overcoat. She put down the candle in hot
haste and ran off; evidently she had thought of something or wanted to show me
something. As she ran away she flushed, her eyes shone, and there was a smile
on her lips—what was the meaning of it? Against my will I waited: she came
back a minute later with an expression that seemed to ask forgiveness for
something. In fact, it was not the same face, not the same look as the evening
before: sullen, mistrustful and obstinate. Her eyes now were imploring, soft,
and at the same time trustful, caressing, timid. The expression with which
children look at people they are very fond of, of whom they are asking a favour.
Her eyes were a light hazel, they were lovely eyes, full of life, and capable of
expressing love as well as sullen hatred.
Making no explanation, as though I, as a sort of higher being, must
understand everything without explanations, she held out a piece of paper to me.
Her whole face was positively beaming at that instant with naive, almost
childish, triumph. I unfolded it. It was a letter to her from a medical student or
someone of that sort—a very high-flown and flowery, but extremely respectful,
love-letter. I don't recall the words now, but I remember well that through the
high-flown phrases there was apparent a genuine feeling, which cannot be
feigned. When I had finished reading it I met her glowing, questioning, and
childishly impatient eyes fixed upon me. She fastened her eyes upon my face
Thesaurus
caressing: (adj) caressive, soft; (n) sincere, genuine, natural, intractable, determined, inveterate,
petting, foreplay, stimulation, wholehearted, heartfelt, real. disobedient, willful, stubborn,
dalliance, smooching, snuggling, high-flown: (adj) grandiloquent, contrary, wayward, dogged.
arousal, hugging, cuddling. pompous, stilted, grandiose, ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible,
childishly: (adv) foolishly, babyishly, elevated, metaphysical, imaginative, amenable, irresolute, cooperative,
silly, infantilely, stupidly, ideal, heroic, florid, snobbish. easygoing, docile, biddable,
immaturely, simplely, juvenilely, mistrustful: (adj) suspicious, leery, agreeable, accommodating,
absurdly, ridiculously, frivolously. doubtful, jealous, incredulous, malleable, gentle.
feigned: (adj) false, affected, assumed, skeptical, dubious, wary, trustful: (adj) confiding, unsuspicious,
dummy, unnatural, fictitious; (adj, v) distrustfully, diffident, suspect. credulous, gullible, trusty,
sham, counterfeit, spurious, mock, ANTONYMS: (adj) gullible, unwary. trustworthy, unsuspecting; (n) trust,
pretended. ANTONYMS: (adj) obstinate: (adj) obdurate, inflexible, private conversation, bold, belief.
and waited impatiently for what I should say. In a few words, hurriedly, but
with a sort of joy and pride, she explained to me that she had been to a dance
somewhere in a private house, a family of "very nice people, who knew nothing,
absolutely nothing, for she had only come here so lately and it had all happened
... and she hadn't made up her mind to stay and was certainly going away as
soon as she had paid her debt..." and at that party there had been the student
who had danced with her all the evening. He had talked to her, and it turned
out that he had known her in old days at Riga when he was a child, they had
played together, but a very long time ago—and he knew her parents, but about
this he knew nothing, nothing whatever, and had no suspicion! And the day
after the dance (three days ago) he had sent her that letter through the friend
with whom she had gone to the party ... and ... well, that was all."
She dropped her shining eyes with a sort of bashfulness as she finished.%
The poor girl was keeping that student's letter as a precious treasure, and had
run to fetch it, her only treasure, because she did not want me to go away
without knowing that she, too, was honestly and genuinely loved; that she, too,
was addressed respectfully. No doubt that letter was destined to lie in her box
and lead to nothing. But none the less, I am certain that she would keep it all her
life as a precious treasure, as her pride and justification, and now at such a
minute she had thought of that letter and brought it with naive pride to raise
herself in my eyes that I might see, that I, too, might think well of her. I said
nothing, pressed her hand and went out. I so longed to get away ... I walked all
the way home, in spite of the fact that the melting snow was still falling in heavy
flakes. I was exhausted, shattered, in bewilderment. But behind the
bewilderment the truth was already gleaming. The loathsome truth.
Thesaurus
bashfulness: (n) diffidence, shyness, beaming, resplendent; (n) gleam, liquescent, pathetic; (adj, n)
coyness, humility, abashment, glimmer; (adj, adv) agleam. dissolving.
backwardness, reserve, timidity, ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty, rough. respectfully: (adv) reverentially,
constraint, embarrassment, stage hurriedly: (adv) rapidly, quickly, reverently, politely, courteously,
fright. swiftly, abruptly, promptly, fast, in civilly, attentively, graciously,
bewilderment: (n) astonishment, haste, suddenly, speedily, rashly, submissively, obsequiously,
quandary, confusion, surprise, precipitately. ANTONYMS: (adv) admiringly, regardfully.
wonder, bemusement, maze, chaos, calmly, unhurriedly, patiently, ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently,
jumble, mess; (adj, n) perplexity. carefully, gradually, thoroughly. contemptuously, disdainfully,
ANTONYMS: (n) order, clarity. melting: (n) thawing, fusion, melt, rudely, insolently, audaciously,
gleaming: (adj) brilliant, shiny, dissolution, warming, thaw, sneeringly, nastily, irreverently,
radiant, glossy, lustrous, glowing, liquefaction, fusion range; (adj) disobediently, arrogantly.
VIII
It was some time, however, before I consented to recognise that truth.

Waking up in the morning after some hours of heavy, leaden sleep, and
immediately realising all that had happened on the previous day, I was
positively amazed at my last night's sentimentality with Liza, at all those
"outcries of horror and pity." "To think of having such an attack of womanish
hysteria, pah!" I concluded. And what did I thrust my address upon her for?
What if she comes? Let her come, though; it doesn't matter... But obviously, that
was not now the chief and the most important matter: I had to make haste and at
all costs save my reputation in the eyes of Zverkov and Simonov as quickly as
possible; that was the chief business. And I was so taken up that morning that I
actually forgot all about Liza.%
First of all I had at once to repay what I had borrowed the day before from
Simonov. I resolved on a desperate measure: to borrow fifteen roubles straight
off from Anton Antonitch. As luck would have it he was in the best of humours
that morning, and gave it to me at once, on the first asking. I was so delighted at
this that, as I signed the IOU with a swaggering air, I told him casually that the
night before "I had been keeping it up with some friends at the Hotel de Paris;
we were giving a farewell party to a comrade, in fact, I might say a friend of my
childhood, and you know—a desperate rake, fearfully spoilt—of course, he
belongs to a good family, and has considerable means, a brilliant career; he is
Thesaurus
amazed: (adj) astounded, astonished, hysteria: (n) delirium, frenzy, hysteric, repay: (v) recompense, reward, pay,
stunned, dumbfounded, madness, fury, craze, furor, panic, reimburse, compensate, refund,
flabbergasted, shocked, staggered, uterus, neuroticism, mania. render, requite, remunerate, return,
bewildered, surprised, ANTONYM: (n) order. redeem. ANTONYM: (v) penalize.
thunderstruck, aghast. leaden: (adj) heavy, gray, sluggish, sentimentality: (n) bathos, sentiment,
borrowed: (adj) foreign, rubato, grey, inert, torpid, grave, languid, sentimentalism, sentimental,
secondary. drab, burdensome, livid. emotionalism, emotionality, feeling,
farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave, ANTONYM: (adj) bright. schmaltz, tenderness, insincere
valediction, adios, parting, goodbye, rake: (n, v) tilt; (adj, v) comb; (v) hoe, pathos, mushiness.
separation, departure, aloha; (int) bon harrow, graze, draw, plow; (n) womanish: (adj) tender, feminine,
voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello, debauchee, roue, slant, blood. female, womanlike, womanly, weak,
salutation, welcome. ANTONYM: (v) glance. unmanly.
witty, charming, a regular Lovelace, you understand; we drank an extra 'half-

dozen' and ..."
And it went off all right; all this was uttered very easily, unconstrainedly and
complacently.%
On reaching home I promptly wrote to Simonov.
To this hour I am lost in admiration when I recall the truly gentlemanly,
good-humoured, candid tone of my letter. With tact and good- breeding, and,
above all, entirely without superfluous words, I blamed myself for all that had
happened. I defended myself, "if I really may be allowed to defend myself," by
alleging that being utterly unaccustomed to wine, I had been intoxicated with
the first glass, which I said, I had drunk before they arrived, while I was waiting
for them at the Hotel de Paris between five and six o'clock. I begged Simonov's
pardon especially; I asked him to convey my explanations to all the others,
especially to Zverkov, whom "I seemed to remember as though in a dream" I had
insulted. I added that I would have called upon all of them myself, but my head
ached, and besides I had not the face to. I was particularly pleased with a certain
lightness, almost carelessness (strictly within the bounds of politeness, however),
which was apparent in my style, and better than any possible arguments, gave
them at once to understand that I took rather an independent view of "all that
unpleasantness last night"; that I was by no means so utterly crushed as you, my
friends, probably imagine; but on the contrary, looked upon it as a gentleman
serenely respecting himself should look upon it. "On a young hero's past no
censure is cast!"
"There is actually an aristocratic playfulness about it!" I thought admiringly,
as I read over the letter. "And it's all because I am an intellectual and cultivated
man! Another man in my place would not have known how to extricate himself,
but here I have got out of it and am as jolly as ever again, and all because I am 'a
cultivated and educated man of our day.' And, indeed, perhaps, everything was
due to the wine yesterday. H'm!" ... No, it was not the wine. I did not drink
anything at all between five and six when I was waiting for them. I had lied to
Thesaurus
admiringly: (adv) admire, lovingly, hamper, hinder, involve, fasten, serenely: (adv) calmly, composedly,
respectfully, reverently, approvingly, wedge. quietly, placidly, stilly, steadily,
enthusiastically, affectionately, intoxicated: (adj) drunken, drunk, impassively, peacefully, Pacifically,
indulgently, kindly, dotingly, inebriate, tipsy, elated, stimulated, clearly, coolly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
tenderly. ANTONYMS: (adv) intoxicate, infatuated, fuddled, nervously, agitatedly, boisterously,
disrespectfully, ill. loaded, plastered. ANTONYM: (adj) manically.
defended: (adj) shielded, secured, sober. unconstrainedly: (adv) easily,
watched over, secure, sacred. playfulness: (n) mischief, familiarly, uncontrolledly,
extricate: (v) clear, evolve, disengage, impertinence, gaiety, archness, independently, unobstructedly,
rid, untangle, disembarrass, absolve, friskiness, pertness, merriment, informally, freely, spontaneously,
enfranchise, free, deliver, dislodge. humor, impishness; (n, v) play, sport. voluntarily, uncheckedly,
ANTONYMS: (v) entangle, embroil, ANTONYM: (n) seriousness. unrestrictedly.
Simonov; I had lied shamelessly; and indeed I wasn't ashamed now... Hang it all
though, the great thing was that I was rid of it.%
I put six roubles in the letter, sealed it up, and asked Apollon to take it to
Simonov. When he learned that there was money in the letter, Apollon became
more respectful and agreed to take it. Towards evening I went out for a walk.
My head was still aching and giddy after yesterday. But as evening came on and
the twilight grew denser, my impressions and, following them, my thoughts,
grew more and more different and confused. Something was not dead within
me, in the depths of my heart and conscience it would not die, and it showed
itself in acute depression. For the most part I jostled my way through the most
crowded business streets, along Myeshtchansky Street, along Sadovy Street and
in Yusupov Garden. I always liked particularly sauntering along these streets in
the dusk, just when there were crowds of working people of all sorts going home
from their daily work, with faces looking cross with anxiety. What I liked was
just that cheap bustle, that bare prose. On this occasion the jostling of the streets
irritated me more than ever, I could not make out what was wrong with me, I
could not find the clue, something seemed rising up continually in my soul,
painfully, and refusing to be appeased. I returned home completely upset, it was
just as though some crime were lying on my conscience.
The thought that Liza was coming worried me continually. It seemed queer
to me that of all my recollections of yesterday this tormented me, as it were,
especially, as it were, quite separately. Everything else I had quite succeeded in
forgetting by the evening; I dismissed it all and was still perfectly satisfied with
my letter to Simonov. But on this point I was not satisfied at all. It was as
though I were worried only by Liza. "What if she comes," I thought incessantly,
"well, it doesn't matter, let her come! H'm! it's horrid that she should see, for
instance, how I live. Yesterday I seemed such a hero to her, while now, h'm! It's
horrid, though, that I have let myself go so, the room looks like a beggar's. And I
brought myself to go out to dinner in such a suit! And my American leather sofa
with the stuffing sticking out. And my dressing-gown, which will not cover me,
such tatters, and she will see all this and she will see Apollon. That beast is
Thesaurus
aching: (adj) sore, achy, hurt, impressions: (n) impersonation, impudent, insolent, rude,
uncomfortable, tender, hurtful, imitation. contemptuous, disobedient, scornful,
agonizing; (n) ache, pain, hurting; (v) jostling: (v) jarring; (adj) bustling; (n) nasty, sneering, irreverent, impolite.
griped. elbowing. stuffing: (n) pad, filling, forcemeat,
bustle: (adj, n, v) hurry; (n, v) flurry, recollections: (n) memories, farce, dressing, filler, fill, wadding,
ado, fuss, hustle; (adj, n) stir, reminiscences, recollection, contents, inside, tompion.
movement; (n) bother, commotion, biography. tatters: (n) rags, clothing.
disorder; (adj, v) hasten. respectful: (adj) deferential, mannerly, twilight: (n) nightfall, night, sunset,
ANTONYMS: (n) inactivity, stillness, dutiful, courteous, attentive, gloaming, evening, sundown,
idleness; (v) laziness, relaxation. obedient, reverential, regardful, eventide, fall, decline, evenfall; (adj)
forgetting: (v) forget; (adj) oblivious; reverent, polite, humble. aurora. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak,
(n) disregard. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheeky, sunrise.
certain to insult her. He will fasten upon her in order to be rude to me. And I, of
course, shall be panic-stricken as usual, I shall begin bowing and scraping before
her and pulling my dressing-gown round me, I shall begin smiling, telling lies.
Oh, the beastliness! And it isn't the beastliness of it that matters most! There is
something more important, more loathsome, viler! Yes, viler! And to put on that
dishonest lying mask again! ..."
When I reached that thought I fired up all at once.%
"Why dishonest? How dishonest? I was speaking sincerely last night. I
remember there was real feeling in me, too. What I wanted was to excite an
honourable feeling in her... Her crying was a good thing, it will have a good
effect."
Yet I could not feel at ease. All that evening, even when I had come back
home, even after nine o'clock, when I calculated that Liza could not possibly
come, still she haunted me, and what was worse, she came back to my mind
always in the same position. One moment out of all that had happened last night
stood vividly before my imagination; the moment when I struck a match and
saw her pale, distorted face, with its look of torture. And what a pitiful, what an
unnatural, what a distorted smile she had at that moment! But I did not know
then, that fifteen years later I should still in my imagination see Liza, always with
the pitiful, distorted, inappropriate smile which was on her face at that minute.
Next day I was ready again to look upon it all as nonsense, due to over-
excited nerves, and, above all, as exaggerated. I was always conscious of that
weak point of mine, and sometimes very much afraid of it. "I exaggerate
everything, that is where I go wrong," I repeated to myself every hour. But,
however, "Liza will very likely come all the same," was the refrain with which all
my reflections ended. I was so uneasy that I sometimes flew into a fury: "She'll
come, she is certain to come!" I cried, running about the room, "if not today, she
will come tomorrow; she'll find me out! The damnable romanticism of these
pure hearts! Oh, the vileness—oh, the silliness—oh, the stupidity of these
'wretched sentimental souls!' Why, how fail to understand? How could one fail
to understand? ..."
Thesaurus
beastliness: (n) obscenity, bestiality, deplorable, offensive. ANTONYMS: lamentable, piteous, contemptible,
filth, malice, malevolency, (adj) commendable, laudable, miserable, distressing, mean,
malevolence, animality, dirtiness, praiseworthy. wretched, poor, sad. ANTONYMS:
foulness, abomination, impurity. fasten: (adj, v) attach, fix, affix; (v) (adj) generous, heartwarming,
bowing: (n) obeisance, playing, connect, bind, tie, tack, pin, stick, admirable, cheerful, fine, happy,
gesticulation, capitulation, clasp, anchor. ANTONYMS: (v) impressive.
genuflection, scraping, submission; detach, undo, unlock, loosen, release, romanticism: (n) utopianism,
(adj) bowed, bent, fawning, open, disconnect, untie, separate, idealism, romance language, quality,
submissive. unscrew. sentiment, love story, love affair,
damnable: (adj) cursed, damned, hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades. Latinian language, humanities,
abominable, hateful, accursed, panic-stricken: (adj) afraid, hysterical. humanistic discipline, arts.
devilish, infernal, disgusting, sinful, pitiful: (adj, n) abject; (adj) pathetic, ANTONYM: (n) classicism.
But at this point I stopped short, and in great confusion, indeed.%

And how few, how few words, I thought, in passing, were needed; how little
of the idyllic (and affectedly, bookishly, artificially idyllic too) had sufficed to
turn a whole human life at once according to my will. That's virginity, to be
sure! Freshness of soil!
At times a thought occurred to me, to go to her, "to tell her all," and beg her
not to come to me. But this thought stirred such wrath in me that I believed I
should have crushed that "damned" Liza if she had chanced to be near me at the
time. I should have insulted her, have spat at her, have turned her out, have
struck her!
One day passed, however, another and another; she did not come and I
began to grow calmer. I felt particularly bold and cheerful after nine o'clock, I
even sometimes began dreaming, and rather sweetly: I, for instance, became the
salvation of Liza, simply through her coming to me and my talking to her... I
develop her, educate her. Finally, I notice that she loves me, loves me
passionately. I pretend not to understand (I don't know, however, why I
pretend, just for effect, perhaps). At last all confusion, transfigured, trembling
and sobbing, she flings herself at my feet and says that I am her saviour, and that
she loves me better than anything in the world. I am amazed, but... "Liza," I say,
"can you imagine that I have not noticed your love? I saw it all, I divined it, but I
did not dare to approach you first, because I had an influence over you and was
afraid that you would force yourself, from gratitude, to respond to my love,
would try to rouse in your heart a feeling which was perhaps absent, and I did
not wish that ... because it would be tyranny ... it would be indelicate (in short, I
launch off at that point into European, inexplicably lofty subtleties a la George
Sand), but now, now you are mine, you are my creation, you are pure, you are
good, you are my noble wife.
'Into my house come bold and free, Its rightful mistress there to be'."
Then we begin living together, go abroad and so on, and so on. In fact, in the
end it seemed vulgar to me myself, and I began putting out my tongue at myself.
Thesaurus
affectedly: (adv) pretentiously, indelicate: (adj) indecent, immodest, (adv) unremarkably, understandably.
pompously, insincerely, stiltedly, crude, gross, improper, coarse, crass, liza: (n) gray mullet, Mugil liza.
unnaturally, theatrically, feignedly, bawdy, unbecoming, broad, rouse: (v) provoke, excite, arouse,
snobbishly, contrivedly, pedantically, scurrilous. ANTONYMS: (adj) kindle, awaken, instigate, actuate,
pedanticly. ANTONYMS: (adv) decorous, tasteful, sensitive, discreet, disturb, move, agitate, incite.
modestly, naturally. decent, correct. ANTONYMS: (v) dampen,
calmer: (n) placid, quiet. inexplicably: (adv) enigmatically, dishearten, suppress, douse, inhibit,
idyllic: (adj) rural, bucolic, perfect, incredibly, phenomenally, stifle, quench.
peaceful, Arcadian, picturesque, unbelievably, impenetrably, virginity: (n) maidenhood, pucelage,
perfecter, countrified, pleasant, unfathomably, unintelligibly, chastity, purity, maidenhead,
model, delightful. ANTONYMS: (adj) unusually; (adj) suspiciously, pudicity, virtue, freshness,
infernal, urban, miserable. unreasonably, unduly. ANTONYMS: virginhood, innocence, spirit.
Besides, %they won't let her out, "the hussy!" I thought. They don't let them
go out very readily, especially in the evening (for some reason I fancied she
would come in the evening, and at seven o'clock precisely). Though she did say
she was not altogether a slave there yet, and had certain rights; so, h'm! Damn it
all, she will come, she is sure to come!
It was a good thing, in fact, that Apollon distracted my attention at that time
by his rudeness. He drove me beyond all patience! He was the bane of my life,
the curse laid upon me by Providence. We had been squabbling continually for
years, and I hated him. My God, how I hated him! I believe I had never hated
anyone in my life as I hated him, especially at some moments. He was an
elderly, dignified man, who worked part of his time as a tailor. But for some
unknown reason he despised me beyond all measure, and looked down upon me
insufferably. Though, indeed, he looked down upon everyone. Simply to
glance at that flaxen, smoothly brushed head, at the tuft of hair he combed up on
his forehead and oiled with sunflower oil, at that dignified mouth, compressed
into the shape of the letter V, made one feel one was confronting a man who
never doubted of himself. He was a pedant, to the most extreme point, the
greatest pedant I had met on earth, and with that had a vanity only befitting
Alexander of Macedon. He was in love with every button on his coat, every nail
on his fingers—absolutely in love with them, and he looked it! In his behaviour
to me he was a perfect tyrant, he spoke very little to me, and if he chanced to
glance at me he gave me a firm, majestically self- confident and invariably
ironical look that drove me sometimes to fury. He did his work with the air of
doing me the greatest favour, though he did scarcely anything for me, and did
not, indeed, consider himself bound to do anything. There could be no doubt
that he looked upon me as the greatest fool on earth, and that "he did not get rid
of me" was simply that he could get wages from me every month. He consented
to do nothing for me for seven roubles a month. Many sins should be forgiven
me for what I suffered from him. My hatred reached such a point that
sometimes his very step almost threw me into convulsions. What I loathed
particularly was his lisp. His tongue must have been a little too long or
something of that sort, for he continually lisped, and seemed to be very proud of
Thesaurus
bane: (n) poison, canker, anathema, farinaceous; (n) blonde. (n) dilettante.
toxicant, scourge, plague, curse, insufferably: (adv) hatefully, squabbling: (n) contention, argument,
undoing, distress, blight, doom. hopelessly, agonizingly, bickering, altercation, internal strife,
ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, good, disagreeably, dreadfully, unfeasibly, backbiting.
antidote. trip, ridiculously, intolerably, sunflower: (n) girasol, mirasol,
befitting: (adj) apt, becoming, suitable, impossibly, horrendously. turnsole, showy sunflower, prairie
apropos, decent, condign, fitting, fit; lisp: (v) enunciate, mince, enounce, sunflower, marigold, lettuces,
(adj, v) proper; (n) feat; (v) meet. breathe, lipse. common sunflower, ragweed,
ANTONYMS: (adj) improper, pedant: (n) doctrinaire, scholastic, Asteraceae, goldenrod.
unbecoming, unfitting, unsuitable. bookworm, purist, pettifogger, tuft: (n) wisp, crest, cluster, truss,
flaxen: (adj) flaxy, fair, blond, light, precisian, prig, martinet, stickler, knot, fagot, tassel, strand, thicket,
pale, golden, arenaceous, sandy, mannerist, intellectual. ANTONYM: curl; (adj, n) feather.
it, imagining that it greatly added to his dignity. He spoke in a slow, measured
tone, with his hands behind his back and his eyes fixed on the ground. He
maddened me particularly when he read aloud the psalms to himself behind his
partition. Many a battle I waged over that reading! But he was awfully fond of
reading aloud in the evenings, in a slow, even, sing-song voice, as though over
the dead. It is interesting that that is how he has ended: he hires himself out to
read the psalms over the dead, and at the same time he kills rats and makes
blacking. But at that time I could not get rid of him, it was as though he were
chemically combined with my existence. Besides, nothing would have induced
him to consent to leave me. I could not live in furnished lodgings: my lodging
was my private solitude, my shell, my cave, in which I concealed myself from all
mankind, and Apollon seemed to me, for some reason, an integral part of that
flat, and for seven years I could not turn him away.%
To be two or three days behind with his wages, for instance, was impossible.
He would have made such a fuss, I should not have known where to hide my
head. But I was so exasperated with everyone during those days, that I made up
my mind for some reason and with some object to punish Apollon and not to pay
him for a fortnight the wages that were owing him. I had for a long time—for
the last two years—been intending to do this, simply in order to teach him not to
give himself airs with me, and to show him that if I liked I could withhold his
wages. I purposed to say nothing to him about it, and was purposely silent
indeed, in order to score off his pride and force him to be the first to speak of his
wages. Then I would take the seven roubles out of a drawer, show him I have
the money put aside on purpose, but that I won't, I won't, I simply won't pay him
his wages, I won't just because that is "what I wish," because "I am master, and it
is for me to decide," because he has been disrespectful, because he has been
rude; but if he were to ask respectfully I might be softened and give it to him,
otherwise he might wait another fortnight, another three weeks, a whole month...
But angry as I was, yet he got the better of me. I could not hold out for four
days. He began as he always did begin in such cases, for there had been such
cases already, there had been attempts (and it may be observed I knew all this
Thesaurus
airs: (n, v) pretension; (n) affectation, irreverent, contemptuous, residence, quarter, home, lodgement,
pride, pose, pretensions, attitude; sacrilegious, audacious, uncivil, rude, address, hospice.
(adj, n) arrogance; (v) precisianism, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) deferential, purposed: (adj, v) intended; (adj)
euphuism, purism, pedantry. gracious, reverent, courteous, deliberate, designed, forcible,
ANTONYMS: (n) humility, mannered, mannerly, pious, polite. betrothed, made tense, extended,
personality, realness, truthfulness, exasperated: (adj) incensed, annoyed, undesigned; (v) free, not accidental,
honesty. enraged, angered, indignant, mad, voluntary.
blacking: (n) black-wash , polish, shoe irate, irritated, cheesed off, testy; (adj, withhold: (v) reserve, keep, suppress,
Polish, black wash. prep) provoked. ANTONYM: (adj) deny, retain, hold, detain, restrain,
chemically: (adv) with chemicals. pleased. abstain, check; (adj, v) stint.
disrespectful: (adj) impertinent, lodging: (n) abode, apartment, ANTONYMS: (v) transmit, release,
insolent, impolite, impious, accommodation, housing, hostel, show, lavish, add.
beforehand, I knew his nasty tactics by heart). He would begin by fixing upon
me an exceedingly severe stare, keeping it up for several minutes at a time,
particularly on meeting me or seeing me out of the house. If I held out and
pretended not to notice these stares, he would, still in silence, proceed to further
tortures. All at once, a propos of nothing, he would walk softly and smoothly into
my room, when I was pacing up and down or reading, stand at the door, one
hand behind his back and one foot behind the other, and fix upon me a stare
more than severe, utterly contemptuous. If I suddenly asked him what he
wanted, he would make me no answer, but continue staring at me persistently
for some seconds, then, with a peculiar compression of his lips and a most
significant air, deliberately turn round and deliberately go back to his room.
Two hours later he would come out again and again present himself before me in
the same way. It had happened that in my fury I did not even ask him what he
wanted, but simply raised my head sharply and imperiously and began staring
back at him. So we stared at one another for two minutes; at last he turned with
deliberation and dignity and went back again for two hours.%
If I were still not brought to reason by all this, but persisted in my revolt, he
would suddenly begin sighing while he looked at me, long, deep sighs as though
measuring by them the depths of my moral degradation, and, of course, it ended
at last by his triumphing completely: I raged and shouted, but still was forced to
do what he wanted.
This time the usual staring manoeuvres had scarcely begun when I lost my
temper and flew at him in a fury. I was irritated beyond endurance apart from
him.
"Stay," I cried, in a frenzy, as he was slowly and silently turning, with one
hand behind his back, to go to his room. "Stay! Come back, come back, I tell
you!" and I must have bawled so unnaturally, that he turned round and even
looked at me with some wonder. However, he persisted in saying nothing, and
that infuriated me.
"How dare you come and look at me like that without being sent for?
Answer!"
Thesaurus
contemptuous: (adj) scornful, circumspection. ANTONYMS: (n) tenaciously, unremittingly,
disdainful, insulting, arrogant, thoughtlessness, carelessness, continuously, incessantly, insistently,
proud, haughty, derisive, cynical, impetuosity, distraction, rashness. doggedly, pertinaciously.
sarcastic, disrespectful; (adj, v) imperiously: (adv) overbearingly, ANTONYMS: (adv) sporadically,
supercilious. ANTONYMS: (adj) arrogantly, commandingly, acutely, aimlessly, inconsistently,
approving, complimentary, magisterially, dictatorially, spasmodically, halfheartedly.
deferential, humble, polite, respected, masterfully, haughtily, imperatively, staring: (adj) conspicuous, garish,
admiring. authoritatively, domineeringly, agaze, vivid, noisy, showy, fixed,
deliberation: (n) cogitation, counsel, insolently. ANTONYMS: (adv) opened, glassy; (adv) staringly.
debate, caution, thought, advisement, meekly, feebly. triumphing: (n) boast, gloriation; (v)
attention, contemplation, persistently: (adv) stubbornly, triumphal, celebrating victory,
consultation; (adj, n) calculation, constantly, continually, firmly, exultant.
After looking at me calmly for half a minute, he began turning round again.%
"Stay!" I roared, running up to him, "don't stir! There. Answer, now: what
did you come in to look at?"
"If you have any order to give me it's my duty to carry it out," he answered,
after another silent pause, with a slow, measured lisp, raising his eyebrows and
calmly twisting his head from one side to another, all this with exasperating
composure.
"That's not what I am asking you about, you torturer!" I shouted, turning
crimson with anger. "I'll tell you why you came here myself: you see, I don't give
you your wages, you are so proud you don't want to bow down and ask for it,
and so you come to punish me with your stupid stares, to worry me and you
have no sus-pic-ion how stupid it is—stupid, stupid, stupid, stupid! ..."
He would have turned round again without a word, but I seized him.
"Listen," I shouted to him. "Here's the money, do you see, here it is," (I took it
out of the table drawer); "here's the seven roubles complete, but you are not
going to have it, you ... are ... not ... going ... to ... have it until you come
respectfully with bowed head to beg my pardon. Do you hear?"
"That cannot be," he answered, with the most unnatural self-confidence.
"It shall be so," I said, "I give you my word of honour, it shall be!"
"And there's nothing for me to beg your pardon for," he went on, as though
he had not noticed my exclamations at all. "Why, besides, you called me a
'torturer,' for which I can summon you at the police-station at any time for
insulting behaviour."
"Go, summon me," I roared, "go at once, this very minute, this very second!
You are a torturer all the same! a torturer!"
But he merely looked at me, then turned, and regardless of my loud calls to
him, he walked to his room with an even step and without looking round.
Thesaurus
calls: (n) securities, puts, bonds, bothersome, maddening, infuriating, summon: (v) assemble, convene,
preferred stock, common stock. trying, irritating, tedious, vexatious, demand, ask, invoke, evoke, invite,
came: (v) arrive, come. vexing, galling, exacerbating. muster, page, rally, convoke.
composure: (n) calmness, serenity, ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, ANTONYM: (v) disband.
poise, calm, equanimity, temper, pleasant, satisfying. torturer: (n) flogger, oppressor,
aplomb, tranquillity, peace, insulting: (adj) contemptuous, scourger.
temperament, disposition. insolent, injurious, offensive, unnatural: (adj) affected, artificial,
ANTONYMS: (n) panic, scurrilous, defamatory, opprobrious, grotesque, supernatural, forced,
discomposure, anger, nervousness, rude, disgraceful, disdainful, abnormal, eccentric, uncanny, stilted,
perturbation, anxiety, agitation, impolite. ANTONYMS: (adj) mannered, anomalous. ANTONYMS:
turbulence, awkwardness. courteous, conciliatory, polite, (adj) natural, normal, real, unaffected,
exasperating: (adj) annoying, generous, cordial. commonplace, genuine, sincere.
"If it had not been for Liza nothing of this would have happened," I decided
inwardly. Then, after waiting a minute, I went myself behind his screen with a
dignified and solemn air, though my heart was beating slowly and violently.%
"Apollon," I said quietly and emphatically, though I was breathless, "go at
once without a minute's delay and fetch the police-officer."
He had meanwhile settled himself at his table, put on his spectacles and
taken up some sewing. But, hearing my order, he burst into a guffaw.
"At once, go this minute! Go on, or else you can't imagine what will happen."
"You are certainly out of your mind," he observed, without even raising his
head, lisping as deliberately as ever and threading his needle. "Whoever heard
of a man sending for the police against himself? And as for being frightened—
you are upsetting yourself about nothing, for nothing will come of it."
"Go!" I shrieked, clutching him by the shoulder. I felt I should strike him in a
minute.
But I did not notice the door from the passage softly and slowly open at that
instant and a figure come in, stop short, and begin staring at us in perplexity I
glanced, nearly swooned with shame, and rushed back to my room. There,
clutching at my hair with both hands, I leaned my head against the wall and
stood motionless in that position.
Two minutes later I heard Apollon's deliberate footsteps. "There is some
woman asking for you," he said, looking at me with peculiar severity. Then he
stood aside and let in Liza. He would not go away, but stared at us sarcastically.
"Go away, go away," I commanded in desperation. At that moment my clock
began whirring and wheezing and struck seven.
Thesaurus
clutching: (n) locking. motionless: (adj) inactive, inert, fancywork, mend, gather, patch,
commanded: (adj) lawful. immobile, stationary, fixed, gathering, binding.
emphatically: (adv) decidedly, unmoving, quiescent, dead, torpid; upsetting: (adj) disconcerting,
definitely, positively, categorically, (adj, adv) calm, at rest. ANTONYMS: disturbing, troublesome, distressing,
flatly, distinctly, absolutely, (adj) mobile, active, alive, flowing. poignant, sad, perplexing,
explicitly, forcefully, firmly, sarcastically: (adv) satirically, bewildering; (n) cold heading,
expressly. mordantly, sharply, bitingly, overturn, overthrow. ANTONYMS:
inwardly: (adv) inside, interiorly, ironically, tartly, cynically, (adj) comforting, reassuring,
innerly, within, secretly, intrinsically, scornfully, mockingly, scathingly, heartwarming, kind, happy,
intimately, privately, spiritually, derisively. ANTONYM: (adv) gently. attractive, unemotional, lovely,
incomingly; (adj) inwards. sewing: (n) embroidery, sew, appealing, pleasing, pleasant.
ANTONYM: (adv) openly. needlecraft, stitch, stitching, whirring: (n) whirr, birr; (adj) noisy.
IX
"Into my house come bold and free,

Its rightful mistress there to be."
I stood before her crushed, crestfallen, revoltingly confused, and I believe I

smiled as I did my utmost to wrap myself in the skirts of my ragged wadded
dressing-gown—exactly as I had imagined the scene not long before in a fit of
depression. After standing over us for a couple of minutes Apollon went away,
but that did not make me more at ease. What made it worse was that she, too,
was overwhelmed with confusion, more so, in fact, than I should have expected.
At the sight of me, of course.%
"Sit down," I said mechanically, moving a chair up to the table, and I sat
down on the sofa. She obediently sat down at once and gazed at me open-eyed,
evidently expecting something from me at once. This naivete of expectation
drove me to fury, but I restrained myself.
She ought to have tried not to notice, as though everything had been as usual,
while instead of that, she ... and I dimly felt that I should make her pay dearly for
all this.
"You have found me in a strange position, Liza," I began, stammering and
knowing that this was the wrong way to begin. "No, no, don't imagine
Thesaurus
crestfallen: (adj) dejected, gloomy, obediently: (adv) dutifully, yieldingly, (adv) appealingly.
depressed, disconsolate, discouraged, compliantly, meekly, acquiescently, rightful: (adj) right, lawful, just,
dispirited, downcast, chopfallen, respectfully, tamely, subserviently, justifiable, proper, legal, equitable,
downhearted, low, despondent. passively, loyally, devotedly. licit, real, genuine, true.
ANTONYMS: (adj) up, cheered, ANTONYMS: (adv) defiantly, ANTONYMS: (adj) wrongful, illegal,
cheerful, elated, happy, euphoric, assertively, wildly. unlawful, fake.
inspirited, idealistic, enthusiastic. open-eyed: (adj) watchful. stammering: (n) hesitation, hesitancy,
naivete: (n) artlessness, innocence, revoltingly: (adv) sickeningly, psellism, indistinct pronunciation,
naiveness, credulousness, gullibility, distastefully, loathsomely, doubt; (adj) halting, hesitating,
ingenuousness, sincerity, simplicity, nauseatingly, repulsively, vilely, inarticulate, incoherent, broken,
naturalness, candor; (adj) bonhomie. foully, repugnantly, abhorrently, ashamed.
ANTONYM: (n) sophistication. shockingly, heinously. ANTONYM:
anything," I cried, seeing that she had suddenly flushed. "I am not ashamed of
my poverty... On the contrary, I look with pride on my poverty. I am poor but
honourable... One can be poor and honourable," I muttered. "However ... would
you like tea?..."
"No," she was beginning.%
"Wait a minute."
I leapt up and ran to Apollon. I had to get out of the room somehow.
"Apollon," I whispered in feverish haste, flinging down before him the seven
roubles which had remained all the time in my clenched fist, "here are your
wages, you see I give them to you; but for that you must come to my rescue:
bring me tea and a dozen rusks from the restaurant. If you won't go, you'll make
me a miserable man! You don't know what this woman is... This is—everything!
You may be imagining something… But you don't know what that woman is! ..."
Apollon, who had already sat down to his work and put on his spectacles
again, at first glanced askance at the money without speaking or putting down
his needle; then, without paying the slightest attention to me or making any
answer, he went on busying himself with his needle, which he had not yet
threaded. I waited before him for three minutes with my arms crossed a la
napoleon. My temples were moist with sweat. I was pale, I felt it. But, thank
God, he must have been moved to pity, looking at me. Having threaded his
needle he deliberately got up from his seat, deliberately moved back his chair,
deliberately took off his spectacles, deliberately counted the money, and finally
asking me over his shoulder: "Shall I get a whole portion?" deliberately walked
out of the room. As I was going back to Liza, the thought occurred to me on the
way: shouldn't I run away just as I was in my dressing-gown, no matter where,
and then let happen what would?
I sat down again. She looked at me uneasily. For some minutes we were
silent.
"I will kill him," I shouted suddenly, striking the table with my fist so that the
ink spurted out of the inkstand.
Thesaurus
askance: (adj) asquint, awry, askant, mellow. spectacles: (n) glasses, specs, spectacle,
sidelong, oblique, indirect, squint; flinging: (n) casting, cast. eyeglass, goggles, lorgnette, monocle,
(adv) suspiciously, obliquely, flushed: (adj, n) red, sanguine; (adj) bifocals, dark glasses, optical
mistrustfully, edgewise. ANTONYM: feverish, glowing, aroused, aflame, instrument, shades.
(adv) trustingly. burning, exultant, exulting; (n) flush, temples: (n) brow.
clenched: (adj) tight, clinched. elated. ANTONYM: (adj) cool. uneasily: (adv) apprehensively,
dozen: (adj, n) XII; (n) dozens, boxcars. inkstand: (n) inkhorn. restlessly, worriedly, nervously,
feverish: (adj) febrile, feverous, fiery, leapt: (adj) sprung. solicitously, unquietly, constrainedly,
frenzied, fevered, excited, sick, moist: (adj) damp, wet, muggy, awkwardly, fretfully, unsettledly,
fanatical; (adj, v) hot, flushed; (adj, n) clammy, dank, damps, dampish, fearfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) calmly,
hysterical. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, soggy, soppy, wettish, moisture. confidently, unconcernedly,
afebrile, collected, composed, ANTONYMS: (adj) dry, limp, fresh. comfortably, fearlessly.
"What are you saying!" she cried, starting.%

"I will kill him! kill him!" I shrieked, suddenly striking the table in absolute
frenzy, and at the same time fully understanding how stupid it was to be in such
a frenzy. "You don't know, Liza, what that torturer is to me. He is my torturer...
He has gone now to fetch some rusks; he ..."
And suddenly I burst into tears. It was an hysterical attack. How ashamed I
felt in the midst of my sobs; but still I could not restrain them.
She was frightened.
"What is the matter? What is wrong?" she cried, fussing about me.
"Water, give me water, over there!" I muttered in a faint voice, though I was
inwardly conscious that I could have got on very well without water and without
muttering in a faint voice. But I was, what is called, putting it on, to save
appearances, though the attack was a genuine one.
She gave me water, looking at me in bewilderment. At that moment Apollon
brought in the tea. It suddenly seemed to me that this commonplace, prosaic tea
was horribly undignified and paltry after all that had happened, and I blushed
crimson. Liza looked at Apollon with positive alarm. He went out without a
glance at either of us.
"Liza, do you despise me?" I asked, looking at her fixedly, trembling with
impatience to know what she was thinking.
She was confused, and did not know what to answer.
"Drink your tea," I said to her angrily. I was angry with myself, but, of
course, it was she who would have to pay for it. A horrible spite against her
suddenly surged up in my heart; I believe I could have killed her. To revenge
myself on her I swore inwardly not to say a word to her all the time. "She is the
cause of it all," I thought.
Our silence lasted for five minutes. The tea stood on the table; we did not
touch it. I had got to the point of purposely refraining from beginning in order
to embarrass her further; it was awkward for her to begin alone. Several times
she glanced at me with mournful perplexity. I was obstinately silent. I was, of
Thesaurus
appearances: (n) show, semblance, muttered: (adj) garbled, incoherent, (adj) idealistic, imaginative, sensitive,
outlook, indicia. broken, inarticulate. inspired, exciting, inspiring,
fixedly: (adv) steadily, steadfastly, paltry: (adj, n) mean; (adj) interesting, original, romantic.
regularly, intently, stably, setly, contemptible, measly, trifling, abject, refraining: (n) forbearance, abstaining,
permanently, rigidly, unwaveringly, insignificant, inconsiderable, puny, austerity, denial, mildness,
surely, resolutely. little, trivial, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) abstention, no vote, nonparticipation,
mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, generous, substantial, plentiful, lenity; (adj) austere.
melancholy, funereal, dolorous, dark, enormous, important, profound. undignified: (adj) low, inappropriate,
pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, prosaic: (adj) commonplace, dull, humiliating, rude, indign, impolite,
lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. monotonous, pedestrian, prosy, demeaning, degrading, improper,
ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, ordinary, uninteresting, trite, boring, debasing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
emotionless. humdrum, everyday. ANTONYMS: dignified, distinguished, polite.
course, myself the chief sufferer, because I was fully conscious of the disgusting
meanness of my spiteful stupidity, and yet at the same time I could not restrain
myself.%
"I want to... get away ... from there altogether," she began, to break the silence
in some way, but, poor girl, that was just what she ought not to have spoken
about at such a stupid moment to a man so stupid as I was. My heart positively
ached with pity for her tactless and unnecessary straightforwardness. But
something hideous at once stifled all compassion in me; it even provoked me to
greater venom. I did not care what happened. Another five minutes passed.
"Perhaps I am in your way," she began timidly, hardly audibly, and was
getting up.
But as soon as I saw this first impulse of wounded dignity I positively
trembled with spite, and at once burst out.
"Why have you come to me, tell me that, please?" I began, gasping for breath
and regardless of logical connection in my words. I longed to have it all out at
once, at one burst; I did not even trouble how to begin. "Why have you come?
Answer, answer," I cried, hardly knowing what I was doing. "I'll tell you, my
good girl, why you have come. You've come because I talked sentimental stuff
to you then. So now you are soft as butter and longing for fine sentiments again.
So you may as well know that I was laughing at you then. And I am laughing at
you now. Why are you shuddering? Yes, I was laughing at you! I had been
insulted just before, at dinner, by the fellows who came that evening before me. I
came to you, meaning to thrash one of them, an officer; but I didn't succeed, I
didn't find him; I had to avenge the insult on someone to get back my own again;
you turned up, I vented my spleen on you and laughed at you. I had been
humiliated, so I wanted to humiliate; I had been treated like a rag, so I wanted to
show my power... That's what it was, and you imagined I had come there on
purpose to save you. Yes? You imagined that? You imagined that?"
I knew that she would perhaps be muddled and not take it all in exactly, but
I knew, too, that she would grasp the gist of it, very well indeed. And so, indeed,
she did. She turned white as a handkerchief, tried to say something, and her lips
Thesaurus
avenge: (v) revenge, punish, retaliate, meanness: (n) parsimony, closeness, spleen: (n) spite, anger, resentment,
wreak, vindicate, repay, get even, pettiness, avarice, selfishness, rage, lien, malice, bitterness, rancour,
penalize, requite, vengeance, venge. baseness, stinginess, niggardliness, huff, grudge, rancor. ANTONYM: (n)
ANTONYMS: (v) excuse, overlook, miserliness, nastiness; (adj, n) affection.
tolerate, pardon. degeneracy. ANTONYMS: (n) straightforwardness: (n) directness,
humiliate: (n, v) degrade, debase, generosity, extravagance, decency. frankness, candor, honesty,
disgrace, abase; (adj, n, v) humble; (v) sentiments: (n) breast. downrightness, forthrightness,
demean, mortify, insult, embarrass, shuddering: (adj, n) quivering, outspokenness, openness, candour,
snub, lower. ANTONYMS: (v) shaking; (adv) shudderingly; (n) cold singleness, simplicity. ANTONYMS:
acknowledge, glorify, aggrandize, sweat, tremor; (adj) rough, shaky, (n) craftiness, difficulty, guile,
exalt, dignify, boost, uplift, praise. jumpy, quaking, shivery, bumpy. indirectness, dishonesty, caution,
knew: (adj) known; (v) recognize, wist. ANTONYM: (adj) smooth. deceit.
worked painfully; but she sank on a chair as though she had been felled by an
axe. And all the time afterwards she listened to me with her lips parted and her
eyes wide open, shuddering with awful terror. The cynicism, the cynicism of my
words overwhelmed her...%
"Save you!" I went on, jumping up from my chair and running up and down
the room before her. "Save you from what? But perhaps I am worse than you
myself. Why didn't you throw it in my teeth when I was giving you that sermon:
'But what did you come here yourself for? was it to read us a sermon?' Power,
power was what I wanted then, sport was what I wanted, I wanted to wring out
your tears, your humiliation, your hysteria—that was what I wanted then! Of
course, I couldn't keep it up then, because I am a wretched creature, I was
frightened, and, the devil knows why, gave you my address in my folly.
Afterwards, before I got home, I was cursing and swearing at you because of that
address, I hated you already because of the lies I had told you. Because I only
like playing with words, only dreaming, but, do you know, what I really want is
that you should all go to hell. That is what I want. I want peace; yes, I'd sell the
whole world for a farthing, straight off, so long as I was left in peace. Is the
world to go to pot, or am I to go without my tea? I say that the world may go to
pot for me so long as I always get my tea. Did you know that, or not? Well,
anyway, I know that I am a blackguard, a scoundrel, an egoist, a sluggard. Here
I have been shuddering for the last three days at the thought of your coming.
And do you know what has worried me particularly for these three days? That I
posed as such a hero to you, and now you would see me in a wretched torn
dressing-gown, beggarly, loathsome. I told you just now that I was not ashamed
of my poverty; so you may as well know that I am ashamed of it; I am more
ashamed of it than of anything, more afraid of it than of being found out if I were
a thief, because I am as vain as though I had been skinned and the very air
blowing on me hurt. Surely by now you must realise that I shall never forgive
you for having found me in this wretched dressing-gown, just as I was flying at
Apollon like a spiteful cur. The saviour, the former hero, was flying like a
mangy, unkempt sheep-dog at his lackey, and the lackey was jeering at him!
And I shall never forgive you for the tears I could not help shedding before you
Thesaurus
beggarly: (adj) base, mean, shabby, doit, small change; (adj) bulrush, contaminated, tainted, peccant,
sorry, miserable, poor, humble, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, old son, vitiated, poisoned.
pitiable, ignoble; (adj, n) scrubby, jot. skinned: (adj) scraped, dartos,
vile. jeering: (adj, n) mocking; (n) jeer, frustrated, raw, scratched, sensitive,
blackguard: (n) ruffian, rogue, dog, scoffing, mockery, derision, scoff, sore, tender, painful.
rascal, heel, hound, cad; (adj) base, scorn, banter; (adj) taunting, gibelike; swearing: (n) curse, expletive,
vile; (v) vituperate, revile. (v) deride. ANTONYM: (n) clapping. profanity, oath, abuse, blasphemy,
egoist: (adj, n) egotist; (n) braggart, lackey: (n) flunkey, sycophant, butler, swearword, execration, adjuration,
boaster, blowhard, introvert, vaunter, attendant, bootlicker, toady, truckler, asseveration; (v) swear.
swellhead, subjectivist, exhibitionist; waiter, servant, footman, flatterer. wring: (n, v) squeeze; (v) twist,
(adj) monopolist, nepotist. mangy: (adj) shabby, seedy, scruffy, wrench, wrest, torture, torment,
farthing: (n) craps, faro, ante, chuck, scabby, squalid, paltry; (v) distort, extract, twine, contort, rack.
just now, like some silly woman put to shame! And for what I am confessing to
you now, I shall never forgive you either! Yes—you must answer for it all
because you turned up like this, because I am a blackguard, because I am the
nastiest, stupidest, absurdest and most envious of all the worms on earth, who
are not a bit better than I am, but, the devil knows why, are never put to
confusion; while I shall always be insulted by every louse, that is my doom! And
what is it to me that you don't understand a word of this! And what do I care,
what do I care about you, and whether you go to ruin there or not? Do you
understand? How I shall hate you now after saying this, for having been here
and listening. Why, it's not once in a lifetime a man speaks out like this, and
then it is in hysterics! ... What more do you want? Why do you still stand
confronting me, after all this? Why are you worrying me? Why don't you go?"
But at this point a strange thing happened. I was so accustomed to think and
imagine everything from books, and to picture everything in the world to myself
just as I had made it up in my dreams beforehand, that I could not all at once
take in this strange circumstance. What happened was this: Liza, insulted and
crushed by me, understood a great deal more than I imagined. She understood
from all this what a woman understands first of all, if she feels genuine love, that
is, that I was myself unhappy.%
The frightened and wounded expression on her face was followed first by a
look of sorrowful perplexity. When I began calling myself a scoundrel and a
blackguard and my tears flowed (the tirade was accompanied throughout by
tears) her whole face worked convulsively. She was on the point of getting up
and stopping me; when I finished she took no notice of my shouting: "Why are
you here, why don't you go away?" but realised only that it must have been very
bitter to me to say all this. Besides, she was so crushed, poor girl; she considered
herself infinitely beneath me; how could she feel anger or resentment? She
suddenly leapt up from her chair with an irresistible impulse and held out her
hands, yearning towards me, though still timid and not daring to stir... At this
point there was a revulsion in my heart too. Then she suddenly rushed to me,
Thesaurus
confessing: (v) confess. ball, cad, nit, parasite, sucking louse. tirade: (n) diatribe, invective, sermon,
convulsively: (adv) spasmodically, revulsion: (n) horror, hatred, aversion, speech, recitation, Philippic, oration,
paroxysmally, spasticly, with repulsion, repugnance, hate, distaste, delivery, broadside, lecture, say.
convulsions. dislike, detestation, abomination, ANTONYMS: (n) calm, harmony,
envious: (adj) covetous, invidious, abhorrence. ANTONYMS: (n) love, praise.
jaundiced, malicious, begrudge, attraction, delight, liking, adoration. yearning: (n) hankering, aspiration,
greedy, resentful, grudging, green, sorrowful: (adj) melancholy, doleful, thirst, craving, desire, hunger,
begrudging, enviable. ANTONYMS: sad, rueful, lugubrious, gloomy, nostalgia, eagerness; (adj) wistful,
(adj) fulfilled, satisfied, undesirous, dreary, grievous, piteous, unhappy, pining, desirous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
contented. mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj) disinterested; (n) dislike,
louse: (adj) vermin; (n) flea, worm, cheerful, content, joyful, successful. disinclination, apathy.
insect, bird louse, biting louse, dirt speaks: (n) talks.
threw her arms round me and burst into tears. I, too, could not restrain myself,
and sobbed as I never had before.%
"They won't let me ... I can't be good!" I managed to articulate; then I went to
the sofa, fell on it face downwards, and sobbed on it for a quarter of an hour in
genuine hysterics. She came close to me, put her arms round me and stayed
motionless in that position. But the trouble was that the hysterics could not go
on for ever, and (I am writing the loathsome truth) lying face downwards on the
sofa with my face thrust into my nasty leather pillow, I began by degrees to be
aware of a far-away, involuntary but irresistible feeling that it would be
awkward now for me to raise my head and look Liza straight in the face. Why
was I ashamed? I don't know, but I was ashamed. The thought, too, came into
my overwrought brain that our parts now were completely changed, that she
was now the heroine, while I was just a crushed and humiliated creature as she
had been before me that night—four days before... And all this came into my
mind during the minutes I was lying on my face on the sofa.
My God! surely I was not envious of her then.
I don't know, to this day I cannot decide, and at the time, of course, I was still
less able to understand what I was feeling than now. I cannot get on without
domineering and tyrannising over someone, but ... there is no explaining
anything by reasoning and so it is useless to reason.
I conquered myself, however, and raised my head; I had to do so sooner or
later ... and I am convinced to this day that it was just because I was ashamed to
look at her that another feeling was suddenly kindled and flamed up in my heart
... a feeling of mastery and possession. My eyes gleamed with passion, and I
gripped her hands tightly. How I hated her and how I was drawn to her at that
minute! The one feeling intensified the other. It was almost like an act of
vengeance. At first there was a look of amazement, even of terror on her face,
but only for one instant. She warmly and rapturously embraced me.
Thesaurus
domineering: (adj) dictatorial, female lead, character. frantic, emotional, on edge, uptight;
overbearing, autocratic, arbitrary, involuntary: (adj) instinctive, (adj, v) overexcited. ANTONYMS:
dominant, lordly, imperious, unconscious, unintentional, forced, (adj) calm, cool, relaxed.
commanding, masterful, bossy, mechanical, unthinking, reluctant, rapturously: (adv) ravishingly,
authoritative. ANTONYMS: (adj) unwilling, compulsory, inadvertent, rhapsodically, overjoyedly, raptly,
subservient, yielding, meek, accidental. ANTONYMS: (adj) delightedly, enrapturedly, gladly.
surrendering, weak, libertarian, voluntary, intentional, intended, vengeance: (n) retribution, reprisal,
reasonable. willing. retaliation, requital, avengement,
embraced: (adj) popular. kindled: (adj) enkindled, lighted, lit, wrath, vendetta, spite, revengeance;
heroine: (n) woman, persona, brave burning. (n, v) avenge, resentment.
woman, role, protagonist, part, overwrought: (adj) tense, distraught, ANTONYMS: (n) forgiveness,
leading lady, heroess, role model, anxious, nervous, upset, worried, acceptance.
A %quarter of an hour later I was rushing up and down the room in frenzied
impatience, from minute to minute I went up to the screen and peeped through
the crack at Liza. She was sitting on the ground with her head leaning against
the bed, and must have been crying. But she did not go away, and that irritated
me. This time she understood it all. I had insulted her finally, but ... there's no
need to describe it. She realised that my outburst of passion had been simply
revenge, a fresh humiliation, and that to my earlier, almost causeless hatred was
added now a personal hatred, born of envy... Though I do not maintain positively
that she understood all this distinctly; but she certainly did fully understand that
I was a despicable man, and what was worse, incapable of loving her. I know I
shall be told that this is incredible—but it is incredible to be as spiteful and
stupid as I was; it may be added that it was strange I should not love her, or at
any rate, appreciate her love. Why is it strange? In the first place, by then I was
incapable of love, for I repeat, with me loving meant tyrannising and showing
my moral superiority. I have never in my life been able to imagine any other sort
of love, and have nowadays come to the point of sometimes thinking that love
really consists in the right—freely given by the beloved object—to tyrannise
over her.
Even in my underground dreams I did not imagine love except as a struggle.
I began it always with hatred and ended it with moral subjugation, and
Thesaurus
beloved: (adj, n) dear, darling, fanatical, raging, rabid; (n) maniac. anger, intolerance, restlessness,
favorite, pet; (adj) precious, loved, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, controlled, fidget, nervousness, fidgetiness,
cherished; (n) love, dearest, honey, mellow, composed. enthusiasm, edginess; (adj)
sweetheart. ANTONYMS: (adj) humiliation: (n) degradation, nonendurance. ANTONYMS: (n)
detested, despised, disliked. disgrace, chagrin, abjection, calmness, endurance, apathy.
causeless: (adj) adventitious, comedown, indignity, outburst: (n) explosion, spurt,
accidental, groundless, uncaused, embarrassment, mortification, eruption, fit, burst, flash, effusion,
reasonless, casual, aimless, dishonor, discredit; (adj, n) shame. gush, ebullition, blast, rage.
fortuitous, gratuitous, indeterminate, ANTONYMS: (n) glorification, tyrannise: (v) tyrannize, domineer,
undetermined. aggrandizement, pride, success, domineer over, grind down, oppress,
frenzied: (adj) frenetic, crazy, making. bully.
delirious, hectic, furious, wild, manic, impatience: (n) annoyance, eagerness,
afterwards I never knew what to do with the subjugated object. And what is
there to wonder at in that, since I had succeeded in so corrupting myself, since I
was so out of touch with "real life," as to have actually thought of reproaching
her, and putting her to shame for having come to me to hear "fine sentiments";
and did not even guess that she had come not to hear fine sentiments, but to love
me, because to a woman all reformation, all salvation from any sort of ruin, and
all moral renewal is included in love and can only show itself in that form.%
I did not hate her so much, however, when I was running about the room and
peeping through the crack in the screen. I was only insufferably oppressed by
her being here. I wanted her to disappear. I wanted "peace," to be left alone in
my underground world. Real life oppressed me with its novelty so much that I
could hardly breathe.
But several minutes passed and she still remained, without stirring, as
though she were unconscious. I had the shamelessness to tap softly at the screen
as though to remind her... She started, sprang up, and flew to seek her kerchief,
her hat, her coat, as though making her escape from me... Two minutes later she
came from behind the screen and looked with heavy eyes at me. I gave a spiteful
grin, which was forced, however, to keep up appearances, and I turned away from
her eyes.
"Good-bye," she said, going towards the door.
I ran up to her, seized her hand, opened it, thrust something in it and closed
it again. Then I turned at once and dashed away in haste to the other corner of
the room to avoid seeing, anyway...
I did mean a moment since to tell a lie—to write that I did this accidentally,
not knowing what I was doing through foolishness, through losing my head.
But I don't want to lie, and so I will say straight out that I opened her hand and
put the money in it ... from spite. It came into my head to do this while I was
running up and down the room and she was sitting behind the screen. But this I
can say for certain: though I did that cruel thing purposely, it was not an impulse
from the heart, but came from my evil brain. This cruelty was so affected, so
purposely made up, so completely a product of the brain, of books, that I could
Thesaurus
corrupting: (adj) noxious, harmful, mutation, newness, trinket, curiosity, insolence, effrontery, boldness,
degrading, unwholesome, originality, oddity, bauble; (n, v) audacity, impertinence, rudeness,
corruption, baneful, debasing, change, difference. face, audaciousness, front,
demeaning, humiliating, infectious, peeping: (n) cheeping, tweeting, barefacedness. ANTONYM: (n)
injurious. chirping; (adj) inquisitive. restraint.
dashed: (v) ashamed, cut up, sunk; reformation: (n) correction, subjugated: (adj) beaten,
(adj) broken, done for, dejected, amendment, improvement, redress, downtrodden, overpowered,
discouraged, dotted. reclamation, rectification, conversion, overcome, browbeaten, captive; (v)
kerchief: (n) napkin, neckerchief, innovation, repair, renewal, subdued, broken, broken friendship,
hood, snood, headscarf, muffler, reassembly. apart, blighted. ANTONYM: (adj)
scarf, shawl, coif, babushka, Kercher. reproaching: (adj) opprobrious. liberated.
novelty: (adj) news; (n) freshness, shamelessness: (n) brazenness,
not even keep it up a minute—first I dashed away to avoid seeing her, and then
in shame and despair rushed after Liza. I opened the door in the passage and
began listening.%
"Liza! Liza!" I cried on the stairs, but in a low voice, not boldly. There was no
answer, but I fancied I heard her footsteps, lower down on the stairs.
"Liza!" I cried, more loudly.
No answer. But at that minute I heard the stiff outer glass door open heavily
with a creak and slam violently; the sound echoed up the stairs.
She had gone. I went back to my room in hesitation. I felt horribly
oppressed.
I stood still at the table, beside the chair on which she had sat and looked
aimlessly before me. A minute passed, suddenly I started; straight before me on
the table I saw... In short, I saw a crumpled blue five- rouble note, the one I had
thrust into her hand a minute before. It was the same note; it could be no other,
there was no other in the flat. So she had managed to fling it from her hand on
the table at the moment when I had dashed into the further corner.
Well! I might have expected that she would do that. Might I have expected
it? No, I was such an egoist, I was so lacking in respect for my fellow-creatures
that I could not even imagine she would do so. I could not endure it. A minute
later I flew like a madman to dress, flinging on what I could at random and ran
headlong after her. She could not have got two hundred paces away when I ran
out into the street.
It was a still night and the snow was coming down in masses and falling
almost perpendicularly, covering the pavement and the empty street as though
with a pillow. There was no one in the street, no sound was to be heard. The
street lamps gave a disconsolate and useless glimmer. I ran two hundred paces
to the cross-roads and stopped short.
Where had she gone? And why was I running after her?
Why? To fall down before her, to sob with remorse, to kiss her feet, to
entreat her forgiveness! I longed for that, my whole breast was being rent to
Thesaurus
aimlessly: (adv) indiscriminately, cheerless, melancholy, dejected, collect.
pointlessly, without aim, randomly, depressed, sad, miserable, dark, footsteps: (n) road, footprints, way,
haphazardly, driftingly, blindly, crestfallen, gloomy. ANTONYMS: trail, path, track, footpath.
erratically, objectlessly, desultorily, (adj) happy, joyous, euphoric, glimmer: (adj, n, v) flicker, twinkle; (n,
vagrantly. consolable, enthusiastic. v) gleam, shimmer, flash, sparkle,
creak: (v) pipe, screech, twang, entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, implore, beam, glow, shine; (v) blink; (n)
skreigh, resound, jangle, gnash, pray, adjure, appeal, request, conjure, gleaming.
confess; (n) creaking; (adv) crave, bid. ANTONYMS: (v) demand, perpendicularly: (adv) uprightly,
creakingly; (adj) ancient. reject. erectly, straightly, upright,
cross-roads: (n) intersection, crossing, fling: (n, v) toss, throw, pitch, slam, orthogonally, sheerly, precipitously,
crossroad. hurl; (v) chuck, shoot, dash, rush, normally, plumb; (adv, v) sheer; (adj,
disconsolate: (adj) inconsolable, blue, discard; (n) crack. ANTONYM: (v) adv) directly.
pieces, and never, never shall I recall that minute with indifference. But—what
for? I thought. Should I not begin to hate her, perhaps, even tomorrow, just
because I had kissed her feet today? Should I give her happiness? Had I not
recognised that day, for the hundredth time, what I was worth? Should I not
torture her?
I stood in the snow, gazing into the troubled darkness and pondered this.%
"And will it not be better?" I mused fantastically, afterwards at home,
stifling the living pang of my heart with fantastic dreams. "Will it not be better
that she should keep the resentment of the insult for ever? Resentment—why, it
is purification; it is a most stinging and painful consciousness! Tomorrow I
should have defiled her soul and have exhausted her heart, while now the
feeling of insult will never die in her heart, and however loathsome the filth
awaiting her—the feeling of insult will elevate and purify her ... by hatred ...
h'm! ... perhaps, too, by forgiveness... Will all that make things easier for her
though? ..."
And, indeed, I will ask on my own account here, an idle question: which is
better—cheap happiness or exalted sufferings? Well, which is better?
So I dreamed as I sat at home that evening, almost dead with the pain in my
soul. Never had I endured such suffering and remorse, yet could there have
been the faintest doubt when I ran out from my lodging that I should turn back
half-way? I never met Liza again and I have heard nothing of her. I will add,
too, that I remained for a long time afterwards pleased with the phrase about the
benefit from resentment and hatred in spite of the fact that I almost fell ill from
misery.
. . . . .
Even now, so many years later, all this is somehow a very evil memory. I
have many evil memories now, but ... hadn't I better end my "Notes" here? I
Thesaurus
elevate: (v) advance, lift, hoist, erect, fabulously, tremendously, ANTONYMS: (v) pollute, dilute, soil,
exalt, boost, rear, cheer, promote, marvelously, extraordinarily, cloud, desecrate.
dignify, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v) strangely, queerly, magnificently, stifling: (adj) close, oppressive,
demote, drop, downgrade, depress, grotesquely, whimsically, peculiarly. sweltering, stuffy, heavy, hot, torrid,
decrease, reduce. ANTONYMS: (adv) plausibly, sticky; (n) crushing, quelling,
exalted: (adj) elevated, eminent, noble, abysmally. suppression. ANTONYMS: (adj)
high, August, elated, dignified, great, hundredth: (n) centesm, common fresh, airy, cool, temperate.
sublime, grand, big. ANTONYMS: fraction, one percent, secular. stinging: (adj) cutting, bitter, piquant,
(adj) belittled, condemned, criticized, pieces: (n) debris, trash. prickling; (adj, v) caustic, acrid,
debased, humble, humiliated, low, purify: (adj, v) clear, cleanse; (v) purge, piercing, poignant, biting, pungent,
lowly, minor, ridiculed, base. disinfect, refine, distill, sanctify, keen. ANTONYMS: (adj) stingless,
fantastically: (adv) wonderfully, clarify, depurate, lustrate, chasten. gentle.
believe I made a mistake in beginning to write them, anyway I have felt ashamed
all the time I've been writing this story; so it's hardly literature so much as a
corrective %punishment. Why, to tell long stories, showing how I have spoiled
my life through morally rotting in my corner, through lack of fitting
environment, through divorce from real life, and rankling spite in my
underground world, would certainly not be interesting; a novel needs a hero,
and all the traits for an anti-hero are expressly gathered together here, and what
matters most, it all produces an unpleasant impression, for we are all divorced
from life, we are all cripples, every one of us, more or less. We are so divorced
from it that we feel at once a sort of loathing for real life, and so cannot bear to be
reminded of it. Why, we have come almost to looking upon real life as an effort,
almost as hard work, and we are all privately agreed that it is better in books.
And why do we fuss and fume sometimes? Why are we perverse and ask for
something else? We don't know what ourselves. It would be the worse for us if
our petulant prayers were answered. Come, try, give any one of us, for instance,
a little more independence, untie our hands, widen the spheres of our activity,
relax the control and we ... yes, I assure you ... we should be begging to be under
control again at once. I know that you will very likely be angry with me for that,
and will begin shouting and stamping. Speak for yourself, you will say, and for
your miseries in your underground holes, and don't dare to say all of us—excuse
me, gentlemen, I am not justifying myself with that "all of us." As for what
concerns me in particular I have only in my life carried to an extreme what you
have not dared to carry halfway, and what's more, you have taken your
cowardice for good sense, and have found comfort in deceiving yourselves. So
that perhaps, after all, there is more life in me than in you. Look into it more
carefully! Why, we don't even know what living means now, what it is, and
what it is called? Leave us alone without books and we shall be lost and in
confusion at once. We shall not know what to join on to, what to cling to, what
to love and what to hate, what to respect and what to despise. We are oppressed
at being men—men with a real individual body and blood, we are ashamed of it,
we think it a disgrace and try to contrive to be some sort of impossible
generalised man. We are stillborn, and for generations past have been
Thesaurus
concerns: (n) dealings, affairs. fume: (n, v) smoke, reek; (v) chafe, rankling: (adj) rancor, virulence,
cowardice: (n) dastardliness, rage, storm, evaporate, fret; (adj, v) galling, venom; (n) anger, mordacity,
poltroonery, pusillanimity, fear, seethe, boil; (adj, n) foam; (n) choler. hate.
spirit, cravenness, timidity, generalised: (adj) unspecialized, stillborn: (adj) unsuccessful,
fearfulness, base fear, cowardship. general. deadborn, not successful, unfruitful;
ANTONYMS: (n) nerve, bravery, generations: (n) generation, family. (v) addle; (n) stillbirth.
daring, determination. holes: (n) cavity, holes tow. untie: (v) disentangle, unfasten, free,
deceiving: (adj) deceptive, deceitful, petulant: (adj) irritable, peevish, cross, loosen, release, loose, disengage,
cheating, fallacious, dishonest, lying, testy, irascible, cranky, fractious, untangle, open, unlace, unbind.
treacherous, imposing, delusive, fretful, pettish, touchy, choleric. ANTONYMS: (v) fasten, bind,
sanctimonious, mistaken. ANTONYMS: (adj) easygoing, tighten, tie, entangle, enslave, close,
ANTONYM: (adj) correct. amiable, calm, affable, cheerful. fetter.
begotten, not by living fathers, and that suits us better and better. We are
developing a taste for it. Soon we shall contrive to be born somehow from an
idea. But enough; I don't want to write more from "Underground."%
[The notes of this paradoxalist do not end here, however. He could not
refrain from going on with them, but it seems to us that we may stop here.]
Thesaurus
begotten: (adj) generated, biological, notes: (n) data, commentary, currency, in some way, very, somehow or
create. paper, comments, remarks, other.
born: (adj) native, natural, congenital, annotation, information, ready taste: (n, v) relish, sample, smack,
inbred, inborn, innate, inherent, money, observations, newspaper. touch; (n) flavor, liking, penchant,
untutored; (v) be born, to be born, refrain: (v) desist, cease, fast, avoid, morsel, bit, drop, fondness.
arise. ANTONYMS: (adj) learned, leave off, withhold, stop, spare; (adj, ANTONYMS: (n) dislike,
unborn, acquired, trained. v) forbear; (n) chorus, hold. tastelessness, disinclination, hate, lot,
developing: (adj) emergent, ANTONYMS: (v) participate, act, coarseness, uncouthness; (v) abstain,
underdeveloped, budding, thriving, consume, persist. refrain.
progressive, rising, nascent; (n) somehow: (adv) anyhow, anyway, for write: (v) pen, indite, draw up,
processing, growth, evolution; (v) some reason, somewhat, someway, correspond, spell, record, publish,
grow. someways, a little, in some manner, compile, draw, outline, type.
GLOSSARY
abandon: (v) relinquish, renounce, revulsion, atrocity, hatred, certainly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
resign, vacate, waive, evacuate, detestation, execration, hate, partly, doubtfully, questionably,
desert, give up, leave, depart, throw loathing, repugnance, outrage, somewhat, moderately, indefinitely,
away. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, aversion. ANTONYMS: (n) incompletely, fairly, conditionally,
support, maintain, adopt, retain, adoration, affection, appreciation, probably, possibly
continue, defend; (n) restraint, approval, benefit, delight, esteem, absorbed: (adj) rapt, intent,
inhibition, deliberation, control gratification, joy, kindness, blessing immersed, fixed, deep, engaged,
abashed: (adj, v) discomfited; (adj) abroad: (adj, adv) overseas, away; preoccupied, pensive, fascinated,
mortified, sheepish, embarrassed, (adv) afield, forth, beyond seas, enthralled, held. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ashamed, confused, humiliated, yonder, farther, at large, further; bored, disinterested, distracted,
afraid, shamefaced, confounded; (v) (adj) foreign, out. ANTONYMS: restless, unfocused, uninterested,
dashed. ANTONYMS: (adj) proud, (adj) remaining, nearby indifferent, shallow, superficial,
undaunted, reassured, pleased, abrupt: (adj) sudden, brusque, sharp, detached
heartened, emboldened, cool, precipitous, steep, instantaneous, abstract: (adj) theoretical; (n)
confident, composed, relaxed, unexpected, swift, instant, hasty; (n) abridgement, epitome, summary,
unabashed bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, abridgment, precis; (v) abridge,
abject: (adj) contemptible, pitiful, gradual, rambling, gracious, filch, purloin; (n, v) digest, extract.
low, wretched, despicable, sordid, courteous, polite, anticipated, kind, ANTONYMS: (adj) concrete, real,
base, mean, vile; (n) ignominious, calm, protracted, deliberate literal, material, physical, specific,
dirty. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, abruptly: (adv) precipitously, rudely, objective; (v) expand, lengthen,
hopeful, magnificent, esteemed, brusquely, curtly, gruffly, shortly, strengthen, insert
proud, dignified, commendable, sharply, bluntly, hastily, absurd: (adj) ridiculous, foolish,
noble, exalted, worthy, happy unexpectedly, steeply. unreasonable, irrational,
abjectly: (adv) servilely, basely, ANTONYMS: (adv) gradually, meaningless, inept, senseless,
lowly, pitifully, paltrily, menially, civilly, attentively, kindly, politely, nonsensical, illogical, ludicrous; (adj,
shabbily, grovelingly, wretchedly, verbosely, eventually, pleasantly, n) silly. ANTONYMS: (adj) rational,
squalidly, sordidly slowly, indirectly reasonable, logical, wise, weighty,
abjectness: (n) abasement, absent: (adj) wanting, inattentive, not sound, consistent, serious, plausible,
abjectedness, depression present, preoccupied, lost, missing, credible, acceptable
abnormal: (adj) aberrant, uncommon, faraway, nonexistent, absurdity: (n) absurdness, nonsense,
unusual, odd, unnatural, strange, absentminded, out; (adj, adv) off. silliness, nonsensicality,
anomalous, perverted, irregular, ANTONYMS: (adj) alert, attendant, meaninglessness, illogicality,
atypical, monstrous. ANTONYMS: attending, existing, here, real, stupidity, folly, fatuity, idiocy,
(adj) typical, usual, Standard, attentive; (adv) in, visible preposterousness. ANTONYMS: (n)
unexceptional, straight, regular, absolute: (adj) total, unconditional, logic, reasonableness, worthiness,
average, ordinary, natural, downright, full, categorical, utter, solemnity, sensibleness
customary, conventional sheer; (adj, v) peremptory, abuse: (n, v) affront, insult, outrage,
abolished: (adj) abrogate, lost, extinct unqualified; (adj, n) positive, real. reproach, harm, wrong; (v) mistreat,
abominable: (adj, v) odious, foul; ANTONYMS: (adj) partial, injure, violate; (adj, v) maltreat,
(adj) abhorrent, detestable, dreadful, qualified, incomplete, limited, profane. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
awful, execrable, terrible, loathsome, provisional, uncertain, democratic, respect; (v) compliment, protect,
cursed, wicked. ANTONYMS: (adj) blemished, circumscribed, nurture, laud, honor, help, flatter;
nice, lovable, admirable, alluring, comparative, complaisant (n) compliments, kindness, flattery
appealing, commendable, laudable, absolutely: (adv) entirely, abused: (adj) maltreated, physically
delightful, desirable, enjoyable, completely, fully, purely, utterly, abused, downtrodden, perverted,
likable perfectly, totally, categorically, dull
abomination: (n) abhorrence, definitely, thoroughly; (adv, int) accept: (v) acknowledge, take, admit,
recognize, yield, abide, accede, dissension; (n, v) conflict; (v) ignorance, inexperience,
acquiesce, adopt, believe, assume. withhold, question, oppose unfamiliarity, animosity, enemy
ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, reject, accordance: (n) harmony, agreement, acting: (adj) interim, active,
deny, snub, renounce, oppose, resist, conformity, unison, concordance, temporary, pro Tem, provisional,
disbelieve, dispute, repudiate, coincidence, accordancy, admission, agent, substitute; (n) drama,
quibble fitness, consensus, concent business, portrayal, playing
accepted: (adj) standard, acceptable, according: (adj) pursuant, consonant, actions: (n) proceedings, behaviour,
orthodox, acknowledged, assumed, equal, agreeable, harmonious, deeds, deportment, background,
established, understood, received, conformable, consistent, behavior, events, activities
approved, current, proper. corresponding, respondent; (adv) active: (adj) diligent, lively, alert,
ANTONYMS: (adj) concealed, correspondingly, accordingly strong, nimble, busy, live, effective,
unusual, unorthodox, account: (n) narrative, score, tale, agile, alive; (adj, v) smart.
unconventional, refused, reckoning, narration, description, ANTONYMS: (adj) dormant,
questionable, irregular, rejected, tally, tab, reason; (n, v) regard, sluggish, inactive, lethargic, idle,
unknown, innovative, incorrect report latent, sedentary, slow, extinct,
accepting: (adj) tolerant, sympathetic, accumulated: (adj) amassed, passive, quiet
thoughtful, understanding, willing assembled, collected, accumulate, activity: (n) liveliness, play, exercise,
to help, yielding, lenient, acceptant, aggregate, gathered, hoarded, store, activeness, job, occupation, agility,
obliging, soft, permissive. concentrated, massed, increased work, enterprise, agency, vigor.
ANTONYMS: (adj) resistant, accumulation: (n) store, stock, ANTONYMS: (n) inaction,
uncooperative, unforgiving, severe, accretion, mass, agglomeration, pile, inactiveness, stillness, inertia,
unsympathetic batch, accrual, accruement, hoard, lifelessness, sloth, work
accident: (n) casualty, crash, reserve. ANTONYMS: (n) shedding, acts: (n) Acts of the Apostles,
coincidence, fortune, smash, scattering, loss, erosion, dispersal, revelations, Epistles, apocalypse,
incident, hazard, hap, luck, event, disbursement, expenditure act, advanced communications
fortuity. ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, accuracy: (n) precision, fidelity, technology satellite, evangelists,
design, intention, intent, calculation exactness, exactitude, reliability, gospels
accidental: (adj) casual, correctness, closeness, care, veracity, actual: (adj, n) true; (adj) absolute,
unintentional, adventitious, meticulousness, faithfulness. genuine, factual, authentic, precise,
unintended, incidental, chance, ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness, literal, tangible, indisputable,
random, unforeseen, unexpected, imprecision, slackness, unreliability, existent; (adj, adv) de facto.
contingent, haphazard. dishonesty, incorrectness ANTONYMS: (adj) hypothetical,
ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate, accursed: (adj) execrable, abominable, false, supposed, nominal, potential,
designed, intended, planned, detestable, accurst, hateful, damned, unreal, theoretical, seeming,
premeditated damnable, maledict, blasted; (v) fictitious, pretended, past
accidentally: (adv) incidentally, atrocious, stranded acute: (adj, n, v) sharp; (adj) incisive,
casually, fortuitously, by chance, accustomed: (adj, n) habitual; (adj) intense, penetrating, keen, severe,
coincidentally, adventitiously, familiar, normal, wonted, usual, critical; (adj, v) high, shrewd; (adj, n)
unintentionally, contingently, natural, everyday, ordinary, strong, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj)
haphazardly, occasionally, habituated, common, traditional. obtuse, insignificant, stupid,
inadvertently. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, green, unimportant, moderate, blunt, slow,
deliberately, knowingly, purposely, unseasoned, unconventional, slight, mild, minor, imperceptive
unfortunately, correctly untrained, abnormal, acutely: (adv) sharply, keenly,
accompanying: (adj) concomitant, uncharacteristic, exceptional severely, astutely, piercingly, shrilly,
concurrent, related, acceding, ache: (n, v) hunger, pain, hurt, yen; cleverly; (adj, adv) intensely,
incidental, accessory, subservient, (n) twinge, thirst; (v) long, yearn, extremely, gravely, critically.
auxiliary, collateral, minor, itch, smart, pine. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYMS: (adv) chronically,
supplementary help, assist; (n) comfort, ease, health, mildly, slightly, faintly, vaguely,
accomplished: (adj) proficient, able, relief, joy unexceptionally
skillful, gifted, finished, achieve: (v) reach, execute, perform, adapted: (adj) altered, fit, agreeable,
experienced, completed, adept, fine, complete, do, effect, gain, get, fulfill, conformable, fitted, appropriate,
versed, competent. ANTONYMS: obtain, bring about. ANTONYMS: prepared, tailored, modified; (adj, v)
(adj) unfinished, amateur, (v) Miss, fail, quit, choke, neglect convenient, proper. ANTONYM:
untrained, unskilled, unseasoned, aching: (adj) sore, achy, hurt, (adj) unaccustomed
unable, inexpert, green, clumsy, bad, uncomfortable, tender, hurtful, added: (adj) additional, further, extra,
mediocre agonizing; (n) ache, pain, hurting; more, supplementary, accessorial,
accord: (n) agreement, consensus, (v) griped adscititious, supplemental, ancillary,
harmony; (n, v) consent, concord, acquaintance: (n) connection, friend, other, new. ANTONYM: (adj)
assent; (adj, v) agree; (v) give, acquaintanceship, mate, awareness, subtracted
bestow, suit, grant. ANTONYMS: associate, buddy, friendship, address: (n, v) lecture, accost,
(n) discord, strife, antagonism, intercourse, companion; (n, v) discourse; (n) abode, residence,
hostility, friction, dissidence, knowledge. ANTONYMS: (n) speech, skill, allocution, sermon; (v)
greet, speak. ANTONYMS: (v) difficulty, detriment, hindrance, afraid: (adj) fearful, timid, shy,
ignore, avoid, evade, overlook, pass, minus, restriction, obstacle, loss, apprehensive, anxious, worried,
shun, slight, cut, disregard; (n) inferiority, inconvenience scared, frightened, nervous,
tactlessness advantageous: (adj) expedient, terrified; (adj, adv) cowardly.
admiration: (n) esteem, adoration, useful, auspicious, helpful, gainful, ANTONYMS: (adj) brave,
appreciation, reverence, estimation, serviceable, convenient, lucky, venturesome, calm, confident, cool,
amazement, liking, awe, worthwhile, beneficial; (adj, v) courageous, eager, unafraid, valiant,
compliment; (adj, n) regard; (v) profitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) bold, carefree
laud. ANTONYMS: (n) disdain, useless, disadvantageous, afresh: (adv) again, newly, over
criticism, disapproval, contempt, detrimental, unhelpful, unfortunate, again, new, once again, freshly, once
abhorrence, loathing, disgust, inauspicious, worthless, unpleasant more, often; (adj) the other day, just
despising, dishonor, disparagement, adventures: (n) experiences, fortunes, now, only yesterday
detestation confessions, journal, life, biography, afternoon: (n) Pm, farewell, greeting,
admire: (v) revere, look up to, idolize, autobiography, personal narrative P, salutation, in the afternoon,
appreciate, adore, wonder, praise, affair: (n) occurrence, event, business, daytime, noon, postmeridian,
worship, admiring, esteem, honor. concern, occasion, job, topic, duty, midday, daylight. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (v) despise, loathe, subject, amour, thing morning, nighttime
scorn, hate, condemn, abhor, affect: (v) move, impress, pretend, afterwards: (adv) afterward,
disrespect, detest, disregard, act, strike, fake, feign, stir, dispose; subsequently, later, thereafter, later
disapprove, deprecate (n) sentiment; (n, v) regard on, next, behind, thereupon; (adj)
admiringly: (adv) admire, lovingly, affectation: (n) pretension, feint, following, subsequent; (n)
respectfully, reverently, pose, display, airs, affectedness, termination
approvingly, enthusiastically, ostentation, show, pretense, ages: (n) time out of mind, time
affectionately, indulgently, kindly, mannerism, sham. ANTONYMS: (n) immemorial, coon's age, blue moon,
dotingly, tenderly. ANTONYMS: artlessness, honesty, modesty month of Sundays
(adv) disrespectfully, ill affected: (adj) unnatural, pretentious, agitated: (adj) upset, excited,
admit: (n, v) allow; (adj, v) stilted, pompous, pedantic, studied, nervous, restive, tumultuous,
acknowledge; (v) concede, accede, feigned, pretended, factitious, distressed, tense, jumpy,
grant, affirm, confess, include, exaggerated, strained. ANTONYMS: overwrought, anxious, alarmed.
permit, take, welcome. (adj) unchanged, natural, genuine, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, lethargic,
ANTONYMS: (v) reject, exclude, calm, modest, unswayed, tranquil, relaxed, assured, cool, still
bar, dispute, gainsay, withhold, untouched, untroubled, unmoved; agitation: (n) disturbance,
refuse, oust, hide, eject, dismiss (adv) modestly excitement, tumult, stirring,
admitted: (v) admitting, understood, affectedly: (adv) pretentiously, convulsion, stir, commotion,
of course; (adj) acknowledged, pompously, insincerely, stiltedly, emotion, unrest, shake, turmoil.
undisputed, known, orthodox unnaturally, theatrically, feignedly, ANTONYMS: (n) serenity, calm,
adorned: (adj) decorated, ornate, snobbishly, contrivedly, equanimity, rest, peace, deterrent
bedecked, decked out, fancy, pedantically, pedanticly. agonising: (adj) agonizing,
garnished, ornamented, decked, ANTONYMS: (adv) modestly, torturesome, torturing, torturous,
beautiful, inscribed, festooned naturally excruciating, painful, harrowing
adroit: (adj) dexterous, ingenious, affection: (n) charity, attachment, agree: (v) admit, acknowledge,
slick, intelligent, expert, artful, able, fondness, heart, love, disease, acquiesce, adjust, concord, bargain,
clever, adept, politic, sharp. nature, feeling, affectionateness, suit, accede, harmonize, fit; (n, v)
ANTONYMS: (adj) awkward, tenderness, kindness. ANTONYMS: coincide. ANTONYMS: (v) oppose,
maladroit, dim, inept, bumbling, (n) disgust, neglect, malice, loathing, differ, argue, refuse, object, refute,
stupid, unskilled, dense, fumbling, dislike, detachment, coldness, conflict, fight, dispute, decline,
naive, incompetent roughness contend
advance: (v) accelerate, proceed, affirm: (v) prove, assert, declare, agreeable: (adj) accordant, nice,
encourage, lend; (adv, v) further; protest, avow, maintain, approve, sweet, consistent, suitable, amusing,
(adj, v) promote; (n, v) rise, accept, assure, profess, promise. enjoyable, affable; (adj, v) pleasant,
approach, raise, offer; (n) ANTONYMS: (v) negate, veto, desirable; (adj, n) acceptable.
improvement. ANTONYMS: (v) nullify, refute, repress ANTONYMS: (adj) disagreeable,
recede, demote, regress, delay, affliction: (n, v) adversity; (n) discordant, unpleasant, nasty,
retard, prevent, reverse; (n) distress, regret, martyrdom, unwilling, resistant, aggressive,
deterioration, recession; (n, v) torment, curse, trial, bane, repugnant, averse, stubborn,
decrease, downgrade misadventure, sorrow, agony. unacceptable
advances: (v) access, approach ANTONYMS: (n) gift, godsend, agreed: (adj) unanimous, approved,
advantage: (n) privilege, behalf, solace, blessing set, united, in agreement, accepted,
profit, good, preponderance, afford: (v) offer, yield, provide, give, agreeable; (adv, int) all right; (int)
account, lead, virtue, expediency, supply, get, furnish, impart, deliver, okay; (v) content; (adv) no question.
perk; (n, v) boot. ANTONYMS: (n, originate, sustain. ANTONYM: (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) changing,
v) disadvantage; (n) drawback, withhold individual
agreement: (n) accord, contract, constrained extraordinary, fabulous, impressive,
coincidence, accordance, allude: (v) advert, refer, hint, glance, tremendous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
accommodation, arrangement, intimate, suggest, touch, bring up, ordinary, boring, predictable,
acceptance, settlement, unison, mean, notice, pertain unremarkable, modest, insignificant,
appointment; (n, v) acquiescence. allure: (n, v) tempt, decoy, lure, comforting, dire, humdrum
ANTONYMS: (n) discord, appeal, draw, entice, seduce; (v) ambush: (n, v) ambuscade, trap,
argument, conflict, rejection, attract, persuade; (n) attraction, attack, assault; (v) wait, waylay,
dispute, resistance, disarray, charisma. ANTONYMS: (n) intercept, lurk, bushwhack, surprise;
refutation, dissension, difference, repulsion, ugliness, repulsiveness; (n) lying in wait. ANTONYMS: (v)
divergence (v) repel, dissuade, discourage, retreat, surrender, release; (n) suit
aimlessly: (adv) indiscriminately, threaten, warn, deter, prevent american: (n) Missourian, Alabamian,
pointlessly, without aim, randomly, almighty: (adj) omnipotent, aboriginal, Hoosier, wolverine,
haphazardly, driftingly, blindly, powerful, potent, great, supreme; Tory, Oregonian, Ohioan,
erratically, objectlessly, desultorily, (adj, n) divine; (n) lord, Jehovah, northerner, American English,
vagrantly deity, God, godhead. ANTONYMS: Nebraskan
aimlessness: (n) absence of motive, (adj) ineffectual, insignificant, lay, amnesty: (v) forgive; (n) absolution,
inanity. ANTONYMS: (n) powerless, lowly forgiveness, remission, clemency,
purposefulness, confidence alone: (adj) forlorn, individual, condonation, reprieve, mercy, grace,
airs: (n, v) pretension; (n) affectation, lonely, lonesome; (adj, adv) only, deed of release, exemption.
pride, pose, pretensions, attitude; apart; (adv) solely, entirely, ANTONYMS: (n) condemnation,
(adj, n) arrogance; (v) precisianism, exclusively, separately, individually. sentencing, damnation
euphuism, purism, pedantry. ANTONYMS: (adj) overshadowed, amongst: (prep) amid, between,
ANTONYMS: (n) humility, ordinary, mobbed, equaled, amidst, surrounded by, in the midst
personality, realness, truthfulness, crowded, accompanied, common, of, in the middle of, along with,
honesty grouped, surpassed; (adv) jointly; with; (v) inter
akimbo: (adj) geniculated, knock (n) foe amount: (n, v) number, total; (n)
kneed, crinkled; (n) knuckle, fluke, along: (adv) ahead, alongside, aggregate, sum, measure, price,
kimbo, crane, groin, crotch, knee, forwards, forth, throughout, volume, extent, degree, figure,
zigzag lengthwise, onward, before; (prep) quantum. ANTONYM: (n)
alarm: (n, v) alert, scare, awe, panic; beside, from; (n) at. ANTONYMS: moderation
(n) consternation, alarm clock, (adv) across, separate, apart, far amour: (n) affair, affaire, love, love
fright, alarum, terror; (v) agitate, aloud: (adv) loud, out loud, strong, affair, liaison, flirtation, romance,
horrify. ANTONYMS: (n, v) out, audibly, hard, forte. relationship, passion; (n, v) intrigue;
comfort; (v) reassure, soothe, assure; ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, (adj) amourette
(n) reassurance, composure, inaudibly, quietly amuse: (v) please, beguile, absorb,
nonchalance, assurance, bravery, altered: (adj) transformed, changed, entertain, enjoy, disport, distract,
confidence, order diversified, varied, distorted, delight, occupy, recreate, rejoice.
alas: (adv) unluckily, regrettably, affected, castrated, malformed, ANTONYMS: (v) bore, dull, tire,
sadly, unhappily, sorry to say; (n) misrepresented, misshapen; (v) annoy, anger, cloy, depress, weary,
oh; (int) lackaday. ANTONYM: battered. ANTONYMS: (adj) disappoint
(adv) luckily unaltered, unadjusted amusing: (adj) humorous, fun,
alexander: (n) Alexanders, horse altogether: (adv) absolutely, all, pleasant, entertaining, risible,
parsley, black lovage wholly, perfectly, purely, all in all, comical, diverting, enjoyable,
alive: (adj) live, vivacious, living, completely, entirely, totally, simply, laughable, agreeable, pleasing.
sensible, delicate, snappy, animated, ensemble. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) tragic, boring,
lively, spry, responsive; (n) life. incompletely, partially unpleasant, unfunny, tiring, grim,
ANTONYMS: (adj) deceased, amazed: (adj) astounded, astonished, depressing, sad, annoying, heavy,
inanimate, unanimated, dispirited, stunned, dumbfounded, serious
dull, inactive, lethargic, lifeless, flabbergasted, shocked, staggered, anachronism: (n) anomaly, artefact,
listless, nonfunctioning, sluggish bewildered, surprised, artifact, parachronism, prochronism,
allow: (adj, v) admit, accord; (v) thunderstruck, aghast timekeeping, mistiming,
agree, permit, grant, accede, amazement: (n) admiration, wonder, antichronism, misdating
acquiesce, afford, authorize, bear; (n, surprise, consternation, analysis: (n) inspection, analyses,
v) give. ANTONYMS: (v) prohibit, stupefaction, stupor, wonderment, breakdown, inquiry, decomposition,
deny, reject, refuse, keep, prevent, feeling, alarm, jolt; (v) amaze. investigation, study, scrutiny,
disallow, disapprove, withstand, ANTONYMS: (n) preparation, psychoanalysis, review; (v) analyse
hold, outlaw indifference, expectation, coolness, ancient: (adj) old, obsolete,
allowed: (adj) allowable, legal, cool, composure, calmness, antiquated, former, past, archaic,
admissible, sanctioned, authorized, contempt, belief antique, primitive, bygone, hoary;
legitimate, free, accepted, tolerable; amazing: (adj) astonishing, terrific, (adj, n) elder. ANTONYMS: (adj)
(v) allow, warranted. ANTONYMS: wonderful, incredible, awesome, contemporary, young, recent, fresh,
(adj) unacceptable, unlawful, astounding, breathtaking, new, present, youthful, current
anew: (adv) again, newly, lately, charming, satisfying, welcome, ashamed, compunctious,
recently, over again, once more, convenient deprecatory, apologize, regret.
once again, new; (adj) only answer: (n, v) respond, retort; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) defensive,
yesterday, the other day, just now counter, serve, resolve, defiant, glad, recalcitrant, stubborn,
anger: (n) fury, rage, displeasure, acknowledge, correspond; (n) unapologetic, unremorseful
resentment, indignation; (v) incense, solution, defence, return, reaction. apologise: (v) excuse, defend,
offend, irritate, exasperate; (adj) ANTONYMS: (n, v) question; (v) support, pardon, palliate,
angry; (n, v) wrath. ANTONYMS: ask, differ, fail, ignore; (n) request, mitigating, colour, rationalize,
(v) placate, pacify, tickle; (n) problem, invitation, poison rationalise, plead, pled
pleasure, composure, glee, affection, answering: (adj) respondent, apparent: (adj, adv) visible; (adj)
serenity, goodwill, forbearance; (n, responsive, according, agreeing, discernible, patent, plain, open,
v) calm responsory; (n) respondency obvious, ostensible, clear, definite,
angrily: (adv) irately, passionately, antics: (n) sport, monkey business evident, perceptible. ANTONYMS:
fiercely, indignantly, cholericly, antithesis: (n) foil, opposite, (adj) unclear, real, obscure,
resentfully, enragedly, infuriatedly, antagonism, contrast, reverse, mysterious, hidden, ambiguous,
wrathfully, madly, crossly. opposition, converse, contrary, unlikely, questionable, uncertain,
ANTONYMS: (adv) warmly, lightly, contrariety, difference; (adj) imperceptible, doubtful
calmly, cheerfully, gently, gladly inversion appeal: (n, v) request, demand; (n)
angry: (adj) anger, furious, provoked, ants: (n) family Formicidae, plea, address, attraction, prayer,
incensed, vehement, fierce, irate, Formicidae, hymenoptera, recourse, complaint, application; (v)
raging, maddened, shirty, impatience, order hymenoptera, sue, interest. ANTONYMS: (v) repel,
indignation. ANTONYMS: (adj) restlessness, tension disclaim, repulse, deny, refuse,
pleased, gentle, joyful, content, anxiety: (n) disquiet, trouble, fear, disgust, revoke; (n) unpleasantness,
euphoric, mild, happy, resigned, care, alarm, anxiousness, repulsion, refusal, rejection
joyous, gleeful, quiet uneasiness, worry, anguish, concern; appealing: (adj) charming, adorable,
anguish: (n, v) pain, ache; (n) (adj, n) solicitude. ANTONYMS: (n) prepossessing, enchanting, inviting,
torment, agony, torture, distress, calm, bravery, confidence, fascinating, engaging, absorbing,
misery, suffering, despair, grief, reassurance, security, relaxation, likable, pretty, magnetic.
sorrow. ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure, indifference, serenity, tranquility, ANTONYMS: (adj) unappealing,
happiness, calm, euphoria, peace, satisfaction repellent, disgusting, unattractive,
joyfulness, ecstasy, content, peace, anxious: (adj) uneasy, alarmed, unpleasant, horrifying,
hopefulness thoughtful, fearful, apprehensive, unsympathetic, uninteresting,
anguished: (adj) tormented, agitated, keen; (adj, v) nervous, repulsive, modern, forgettable
suffering, tortured, dolorous, tense, solicitous, jumpy. appearance: (n) look, face, shape,
uneasy, distressing, woeful, pained, ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, carefree, show, apparition, advent, form,
upset, distressed, worried. confident, rational, unconcerned, image, surface, impression; (adj, n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, undisturbed, untroubled, assured, semblance. ANTONYMS: (n)
content, happy comfortable, cool, apathetic departure, vanishing
animal: (adj, n) brute; (n) beast, anybody: (adv) any, each; (n, pron) appearances: (n) show, semblance,
organism, living thing, being, fauna; any person, a person; (n) everyone, outlook, indicia
(adj, adv) fleshly; (adj) bodily, somebody, nobody, everybody, appeared: (n) appearing
carnal, corporeal, physical. someone; (pron) whoever appeased: (adj) content, pacate
ANTONYMS: (adj) refined, mineral, anyone: (n) one, someone, appetising: (adj) savory, tasty
genteel, mental, rational, everybody, everyone, somebody, applauded: (adj) famous, highly
intellectual, vegetable, delicate, any person, individual, human praised, commended
factual, spiritual; (n) plant being; (adv) any, each; (pron) applauding: (adj) plauditory
announced: (adj) proclaimed, whoever. ANTONYM: (pron) applied: (adj) pragmatic, useful,
declared nobody used, concrete. ANTONYMS: (adj)
annoyance: (n) anger, harassment, anyway: (adv) somehow, however, unrelated, untested, unused,
aggravation, disturbance, regardless, though, besides, at any unenforced
inconvenience, pain, bother, rate, in any case, in any event, all the apply: (v) devote, dedicate, utilize,
botheration, temper, displeasure, same, although, nonetheless ask, use, resort, exercise, consume,
vexation. ANTONYMS: (n) calm, anywhere: (adv, n) anyplace; (adv) lay, appeal; (n, v) give.
satisfaction, patience, calmness, someplace, wherever, everywhere ANTONYMS: (v) remove, separate,
delight, equanimity, advantage, apart: (adj, adv) aloof; (adv) aside, neglect, dissociate, defy, exempt,
balm asunder, especially; (adj) alone, conserve
annoying: (adj) galling, vexatious, distant, detached, isolated, only; appreciate: (adj, v) understand,
aggravating, vexing, worrying, (adj, v) separate; (v) segregate. realize; (v) esteem, treasure, prize,
awkward, trying, bothersome, ANTONYMS: (adv) adjoining, near, fathom, appraise, comprehend,
disagreeable; (adj, v) irritating; (n) surrounded; (adj) connected, nearby admire, acknowledge, apprize.
annoyance. ANTONYMS: (adj) apologetic: (adj) regretful, sorry, ANTONYMS: (v) scorn, disregard,
pleasing, delightful, pleasant, contrite, penitent, rueful, alleged, ignore, neglect, disparage,
underrate, underestimate, dislike, arranged: (adj) settled, regular, (adv) suspiciously, obliquely,
overlook, assume, undervalue prepared, orderly, fixed, organized, mistrustfully, edgewise.
apprehensively: (adv) uneasily, ready, tidy, straight, ordered, neat. ANTONYM: (adv) trustingly
fearfully, worriedly, solicitously, ANTONYMS: (adj) disorderly, asking: (v) ask; (n) invitation, prayer,
timidly, restlessly, nervously, disorganized, changing, suit, application, begging,
timorously, suspiciously, unprepared, untidy supplication, entreaty, billing; (adj)
uncertainly, hesitantly. arrangements: (n) arranging, interrogatory, interrogative
ANTONYMS: (adv) calmly, disposition, fixing, schedule, travels, asleep: (adj) sleeping, deceased,
fearlessly, trustingly, unconcernedly activities, actions, accompaniments, sleepy, dormant, numb, dead, sound
approach: (n) access, entry, means, movements asleep, snoozing, slumbering,
advent, coming, entrance, arrival; (n, arrant: (adj) rank, unmitigated, napping, gone. ANTONYMS: (adj)
v) advance; (v) accost, address; (adv, thorough, stark, utter, ill, gross, up, attentive, alert, conscious
v) near. ANTONYMS: (n) departure, infamous, bad, blatant, base. aspire: (v) aim, lust, hanker, crave,
withdrawal, leaving, distancing; (v) ANTONYM: (adj) minor plan, hope, want, rise, purpose,
end, withdraw, finish, distance, arrested: (adj) apprehended, halted, wish, long. ANTONYM: (v) wallow
depart, conclude, close backward, in remission, inactive, assailant: (n) raider, attacker,
approving: (n) adoption, intermittent assaulter, invader, enemy, fighter,
appreciation, admiration, arrive: (n, v) come, appear; (v) opponent, antagonist, foe, mugger;
acceptance; (adj) good, approbative, mature, reach, attain, succeed, turn (adj) aggressive
approbatory, sympathetic, up, land, fall, get in, show. assembled: (adj) amassed, collected,
favourable; (adv) approvingly; (v) ANTONYMS: (v) go, depart, fail, collective, concentrated, united,
approve. ANTONYMS: (adj) fall, lose, exit gather, assembling, gathered,
against, mocking, scornful, critical, arrived: (adv) here, at home; (adj) massed, built, aggregate
negative, uncomplimentary; (n) accepted assessor: (n) inspector, examiner,
disapproval articulate: (v) speak, pronounce, surveyor, tax assessor, bureaucrat,
arguments: (n) reasons, argument, utter, vocalize, voice, state, say, judge, valuer, estimator, evaluator,
contention, advice, opinion, joint, enunciate, express; (adj) umpire, checker
influence, point of view, urging, eloquent. ANTONYMS: (adj) asset: (n) strength, forte, benefit,
wiles incoherent, unintelligible, illogical, purchase, good, estate, possession,
arise: (v) appear, emerge, result, misrepresented, mumbled, unclear, plus, virtue, investment, acquisition.
issue, mount, proceed, originate, get unarticulated; (v) mumble, ANTONYMS: (n) vice, weakness,
up, ascend, awake, stand up. disconnect, misrepresent, misspeak drawback, disadvantage, sale
ANTONYMS: (v) end, sit, recline, artificially: (adv) synthetically, assistance: (n) support, relief, boost,
stop, retire, disappear, descend, factitiously, affectedly, contrivedly, encouragement, remedy, help,
cease, fade insincerely, unreally, feignedly, service, hand, backing; (n, v) assist;
aristocratic: (adj) gentle, autocratic, falsely, fictitiously, artfully, (v) succor. ANTONYMS: (n)
refined, stylish, Belgravian, counterfeitly. ANTONYM: (adv) impediment, impeding, obstruction,
aristocratical, condescending, well- naturally detriment, disservice, meanness,
bred, royal; (n) princely, titled. artist: (n) actor, artificer, player, opposition
ANTONYMS: (adj) popular, master, musician, performer, associate: (n, v) affiliate, connect,
unrefined, bourgeois, common, draftsman, sculptor, painter, link; (n) partner, fellow, companion,
lowly entertainer, maker. ANTONYM: (n) assistant, accomplice, adjunct; (v)
arithmetic: (adj) arithmetical, spectator company, relate. ANTONYMS: (v)
numerical; (n) calculation, ashamed: (adj) hangdog, guilty, avoid, distance, separate,
computation, algorism, embarrassed, sheepish, remorseful, disconnect, clear, divide, estrange;
mathematics, math, estimate, regretful, bashful, disconcerted, (adj) chief; (n) stranger, rival,
weighing up; (v) fluxions, geometry contrite, chagrined; (v) dashed. competitor
arms: (n) armament, coat of arms, ANTONYMS: (adj) proud, arrogant, assume: (v) accept, adopt, take,
weaponry, ammunition, shield, unremorseful, unashamed, pleased, appropriate, arrogate, suppose,
ordnance, order, munition, blatant, bold, happy, unabashed, simulate, sham, presume, usurp;
hardware, blazon; (adj) armed unrepentant (adv, v) feign. ANTONYMS: (v)
army: (n) troop, host, armed forces, ashes: (n) dust, cinders, remains, relinquish, abandon, return,
battery, swarm, navy, multitude, cinder, clay, earth, embers, clinker; renounce, know, doubt, defer,
force, flock; (adj, n) military; (adj) (adj) scoriae, mother, precipitate appreciate, despair, speculate,
array aside: (adv) apart, away, beside, surrender
arrange: (v) dress, settle, order, set, alongside, in reserve, off, abreast; assumed: (adj) sham, affected,
pack, agree, adapt, do, classify, (adj, adv) by; (n) digression, fictitious, fake, feigned, counterfeit,
straighten; (n, v) adjust. divagation, parenthesis. pretended, reputed, artificial,
ANTONYMS: (v) disarrange, cancel, ANTONYMS: (adv) erectly, hypothetical, spurious.
disorder, disorganize, improvise, uprightly, vertically ANTONYMS: (adj) true, authentic,
jumble, change, disband, reject, askance: (adj) asquint, awry, askant, explicit, known, real, natural
bungle sidelong, oblique, indirect, squint; assumption: (adj, n) presumption; (n)
supposition, premise, hypothesis, fulfillment, achievement, following; (n, v) auditory
adoption, arrogance, theory, guess, accomplishment; (v) succeed, fulfill, aunt: (n) uncle, auntie, aunty, father's
belief, surmise, idea. ANTONYMS: achieve, accomplish, perform younger brother's wife, father's
(n) rejection, practice attempted: (adj) unsuccessful older brother's wife, mother's sister,
assure: (n, v) certify, warrant, vouch; attempts: (adj) trying kinswoman, nephew, niece, paternal
(v) secure, persuade, satisfy, attending: (v) attend; (n) presence, aunt, maternal uncle's wife
reassure, affirm, promise, ascertain; nursing, care, appearing, austere: (adj) ascetic, stern, severe,
(adj, v) ensure. ANTONYMS: (v) observation; (adj) concomitant, harsh, plain, rigorous, rigid,
alarm, disclaim, deny, disbelieve, attendant, ministrant, in attendance, abstemious, stark, astringent, stiff.
undermine ancillary. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) ornate,
astonished: (adj) astonish, nonattendance, inattention luxurious, frivolous, hedonistic,
dumbfounded, flabbergasted, attention: (n) mind, heed, notice, extravagant, lush, elaborate,
stunned, aghast, bewildered, alertness, care, advertency, aid, spending, sunny, warm, indulgent
astounded, taken aback, consideration, ear, attentiveness, author: (n) writer, producer, founder,
thunderstruck, astonied; (v) amaze precision. ANTONYMS: (n) neglect, creator, inventor, parent, originator,
astonishingly: (adj, adv) negligence, thoughtlessness, architect, maker; (v) compose,
surprisingly, wonderfully, abandonment, abstraction, create. ANTONYM: (n) reader
stupendously, strangely; (adv) discourtesy, disregard, oversight, authorisation: (n) sanction, approval,
astoundingly, marvelously, indifference, insensibility, permit, authorization, permission,
prodigiously, staggeringly, carelessness authority, commission, approve,
startlingly, extraordinarily, attire: (n, v) array, garb, apparel, approbation, okay, licence
unusually. ANTONYMS: (adv) wear; (n) costume, garment, outfit, authoritatively: (adv)
predictably, mildly clothes; (v) enrobe, clothe, dress up. commandingly, imperatively,
astounded: (adj) amazed, stunned, ANTONYMS: (v) disrobe, bare, imperiously, peremptorily,
flabbergasted, bewildered, strip, unclothe; (n) nakedness domineeringly, dictatorially,
dumbfounded, surprised, staggered, attract: (v) charm, beguile, tempt, overbearingly, officially,
astonied, dazed, astound, aghast enamor, invite, entice, captivate, definitively, legitimately, haughtily.
asylum: (n) shelter, sanctuary, haven, draw, arrest, beckon; (adj, v) allure. ANTONYMS: (adv) weakly,
retreat, home, madhouse, insane ANTONYMS: (v) disgust, repulse, informally
asylum, institution, cover, harbor, dismiss, appall, shun, exude authority: (n) ascendancy, sanction,
protection attracted: (adj) paying attention, warrant, administration,
atom: (n) grain, speck, molecule, concerned, enamored, enthusiastic, authorization, professional, judge,
particle, mite, bit, mote, monad, interested, involved, amatory hold, domination, dominance; (adj,
crumb, corpuscle, iota attractive: (adj) good-looking, n) rule. ANTONYMS: (n) novice,
atoms: (n) smithereens, Smither engaging, appealing, amiable, neophyte, weakness, apprentice,
attach: (v) append, adhere, add, affix, charming, alluring, adorable, servility, servitude, refusal,
bind, link, associate, assign, nail, agreeable, striking, enchanting, powerlessness, insecurity,
apply, annex. ANTONYMS: (v) sweet. ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, inferiority, indecisiveness
undo, separate, unfasten, unappealing, revolting, disgusting, autobiography: (n) biography,
disconnect, free, deflect, dissociate, repellent, unpleasant, repulsive, memoirs, memoir, life story, life,
loosen, quit, take, unscrew straight, boring, uninteresting, diary, life history, journal, story,
attack: (n, v) assail, attempt, thrust, tasteless history
raid, charge; (n) incursion, seizure, attribute: (adj, n) quality, property; avenge: (v) revenge, punish, retaliate,
aggression, fit; (v) invade, aggress. (n, v) assign; (n) feature, emblem, wreak, vindicate, repay, get even,
ANTONYMS: (v) defend, protect, characteristic, peculiarity, mark; (v) penalize, requite, vengeance, venge.
flatter, aid, avoid, commend, credit, impute, accredit ANTONYMS: (v) excuse, overlook,
compliment, procrastinate; (n, v) attributed: (adj) credited. tolerate, pardon
retreat, praise; (n) protection ANTONYM: (adj) unofficial aversion: (n) antipathy, distaste,
attacked: (adj) assaulted, corroded audacious: (adj) brash, arrogant, abhorrence, disinclination, dislike,
attain: (v) make, reach, achieve, barefaced, bold, daring, impudent, grudge, aversation, nausea, enmity,
acquire, gain, strike, catch, arrive at, intrepid, brave, shameless, revulsion; (n, v) disgust.
find, obtain, come to. ANTONYMS: enterprising, insolent. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) attraction, love,
(v) lose, fail, abandon, surrender, (adj) modest, timid, cautious, polite, inclination, predilection, desire,
differ reserved, meek, humble, fearful, fondness, goodwill
attained: (adj) attains, attaint, discreet, respectful avoid: (v) shun, parry, avert, escape,
reached, complete, earned, fulfilled audibly: (adv) loudly, clearly, out evade, ward off, duck, circumvent,
attaining: (v) attain, achieve; (n) loud. ANTONYMS: (adv) prevent, ignore; (adj, v) eschew.
attainment imperceptibly, inaudibly, ANTONYMS: (v) associate, tackle,
attempt: (n, v) endeavor, offer, indistinctly, silently face, validate, participate, invite,
struggle, assay, essay, attack; (n) audience: (n) hearing, attendance, seek, embrace, court, permit,
effort, trial; (v) undertake, chance, house, listener, meeting, turnout, encourage
aim. ANTONYMS: (n) success, hearer, spectators, gallery, avoided: (adj) unpopular
awaiting: (adj) looming, imminent, in pamper, indulge, coddle, rampart, hurdle, restraint,
the near future, pending, expectant mollycoddle, spoil; (adj, n) obstruction, handicap, partition,
awake: (v) wake, awaken, realize, miniature, young; (adj) small. frontier, constraint. ANTONYMS:
waken; (adj) alive, alert, attentive, ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, neglect; (n) advantage, opening, passage, aid
conscious, keen, intelligent; (adj, v) (adj) large, mature, big; (n) parent, barring: (prep) besides; (n) except for,
broad awake. ANTONYMS: (adj) adolescent, adult, grownup excepting, except, with the
unconscious, sleeping, comatose, background: (n) groundwork, exception of, without, with a
sleepy, relaxed; (v) deaden, lull, backdrop, education, basis, context, reservation, ejection, save and
sleep scene, environment, backcloth, except, riddance, expulsion.
aware: (adj) awake, attentive, panorama, ground, situation. ANTONYMS: (n) entitlement; (prep)
conscious, realize, vigilant, perceive, ANTONYM: (n) future including
mindful, heedful, alive, sentient, badly: (adv) poorly, severely, base: (adj) abject, mean,
sensible. ANTONYMS: (adj) awfully, wrongly, seriously, dishonorable, low, vile, ignoble,
unconscious, insensitive, ignorant, naughtily, wickedly, hardly, bad, contemptible; (n) foundation;
unfamiliar, unwitting, incognizant, corruptly, injuriously; (adj, adv) (n, v) ground; (v) found.
unmindful, unconcerned, gravely. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (n) top, summit, frill,
unprepared, oblivious, indifferent skillfully, obediently, perfectly, ceiling, apex; (adj) noble, honest,
awful: (adj) fearful, dreadful, terrible, giftedly, flawlessly, satisfactorily, good, principled, grand, pleasant
abominable, appalling, nasty, admirably, superbly, shamelessly, basement: (n) base, vault, cellarage,
abhorrent, atrocious, bad, horrible, excellently, pleasingly offices, story, storey, kitchen,
lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) excellent, ball: (adj, n) globe; (n) bulb, shell, pantry, scullery, footing; (adj, n)
wonderful, marvelous, great, lovely, bead, party, orb, bullet, lump, pellet, bottom
nice, pleasant, beautiful, pleasing, football, dance. ANTONYM: (v) bashfulness: (n) diffidence, shyness,
good, minor square coyness, humility, abashment,
awfully: (adv) atrociously, hideously, band: (n) cluster, set, party, swathe, backwardness, reserve, timidity,
appallingly, frightfully, fearfully, lace, knot, collar, circle, strip, zone, constraint, embarrassment, stage
ghastly, terribly, horrifically, company. ANTONYMS: (v) fright
horrendously, badly; (adj, adv) disperse, divide, scatter, disband battering: (n) batter, beating, combat,
amazingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) bane: (n) poison, canker, anathema, fighting, fight, whipping, attack,
pleasantly, hardly, little, mildly, toxicant, scourge, plague, curse, mugging, physical attack, spanking,
satisfactorily, slightly, well, undoing, distress, blight, doom. rough treatment
adequately, superbly, somewhat ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, good, battle: (n, v) fight, struggle, combat,
awkward: (adj) inconvenient, clumsy, antidote contest, war, conflict, clash, brawl;
embarrassing, uncomfortable, banish: (v) dispel, expel, displace, (v) wrestle; (n) fighting, warfare.
ungainly, untoward, crude, inept, relegate, oust, expatriate, eject, ANTONYMS: (n) peace, agreement,
sticky, left-handed, heavy. dismiss, transport, cast out; (adj, v) truce, concord, armistice, accord,
ANTONYMS: (adj) graceful, easy, exile. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, surrender
adroit, manageable, straightforward, embrace, adopt, invite, include beaming: (adj) bright, radiant,
simple, dexterous, rotund, barbarous: (adj) barbaric, savage, glowing, glad, beamy, cheerful,
convenient, helpful, skillful gothic, brutal, heathen, truculent, refulgent, sunny, luminous,
awkwardness: (n) embarrassment, rude, fell, ferocious, fierce, resplendent, incandescent.
stiffness, unwieldiness, uncivilized. ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy, dark,
inconvenience, gawkiness, cultured, civilized, sophisticated, dusky, frowning, sad, sullen,
inelegance, troublesomeness, refined, humane tenebrous
ineptitude, ineptness, gaucherie; bare: (adj) naked, austere, bald, stark, bear: (v) accept, take, stand, acquit,
(adj, n) delicacy. ANTONYMS: (n) bleak, exposed, desolate, plain; (adj, abide, allow, wear, comport,
gracefulness, grace, comfort, v) empty, vacant; (v) show. tolerate, convey, teem.
coordination, pride, urbanity, ease, ANTONYMS: (adj) cultivated, ANTONYMS: (v) release, avoid,
assurance, liveliness, confidence, ornate, concealed, elaborate, destroy, dodge, take, eradicate,
cooperation adorned, decorated, dressed, evade, kill, refuse, erase; (n) bull
babble: (n, v) drivel, gossip, chat, clothed, embellished; (v) cover, bearded: (adj) barbate, awny,
burble, prattle; (v) ripple, gab, talk, conceal whiskered, hairy, aristate, coniform,
blab, smatter, bubble. ANTONYMS: barefoot: (adj) shoeless, unshod, bare calamiform, gladiate, pilous,
(n, v) stillness, quietness; (n) sense footed. ANTONYM: (adj) shoed shagged, echinate
babbler: (n) gossip, chatterbox, barely: (adv) merely, just, nakedly, beast: (n) animal, monster, swine,
cackler, talker, prater, chatterer, scantily, simply, nudely, baldly, fiend, creature, scavenger, savage,
tattler, jay, oscine, blab, magpie purely, narrowly; (adj, adv) scarcely, critter, animate being, barbarian;
babe: (n) infant, baby, chick, sweetie, only. ANTONYMS: (adj) enough, (adj) bear. ANTONYM: (n) man
suckling, nursling, child, newborn, amply, sufficiently, abundantly; beastliness: (n) obscenity, bestiality,
chit, girl, darling. ANTONYMS: (n) (adv) much, thoroughly, well, easily, filth, malice, malevolency,
grownup, adult, adolescent obviously, clearly, strongly malevolence, animality, dirtiness,
baby: (n) babe, child, darling; (v) barrier: (n) bar, bulwark, dam, foulness, abomination, impurity
beat: (n, v) pulse, throb, tick, flap, impoverished maw, bowels, intestines, waist,
knock; (v) batter, whip, trounce, beggarly: (adj) base, mean, shabby, corporation; (v) balloon, swell, bloat
pulsate, bat; (n) round. sorry, miserable, poor, humble, beloved: (adj, n) dear, darling,
ANTONYMS: (v) protect, help, pitiable, ignoble; (adj, n) scrubby, favorite, pet; (adj) precious, loved,
divide, cede, aid, separate, vile cherished; (n) love, dearest, honey,
surrender; (adj) invigorated, begging: (n) mendicancy, request, sweetheart. ANTONYMS: (adj)
energized; (n) caress, pat plea; (v) asking, beg; (adj) detested, despised, disliked
beaten: (adj) overpowered, routed, beseeching, entreating, mendicant, below: (adv, prep) under,
conquered, overcome, prostrate, imploring, suppliant, vagabond underneath; (adj) low; (adj, adv)
frothy, trounced, worsted; (v) beat, begin: (v) commence, arise, initiate, after; (adv) down, infra, downstairs,
lose, fail. ANTONYMS: (adj) become, enter, rise, originate, at a lower place, downwards, down
heartened, uplifted, triumphant, undertake, create, dawn, set out. below; (prep) less than.
encouraged, loose ANTONYMS: (v) end, stop, cease, ANTONYMS: (adv, prep) over;
beating: (n) reverse, defeat, terminate, die, delay, complete, (prep) more; (adv) upstairs
whipping, thrashing, battery, conclude bend: (n, v) bow, turn, arch, arc,
flogging, pounding, pulsation, beginning: (n) commencement, crook, twist, elbow; (adj, n, v) curve;
pulse, rout; (adj) pulsing. derivation, birth, start, opening, (v) stoop, crouch; (adj, v) flex.
ANTONYMS: (n) victory, win origin, begin, onset, debut, kickoff; ANTONYMS: (n, v) square; (v)
beautiful: (adj) attractive, good- (adj) original. ANTONYMS: (n) align, unbend, leave
looking, bright, neat, beauteous, finish, finale, conclusion, demise, bending: (n) bow, bend, deflection,
pleasant, picturesque, fine, pretty, ending, culmination, closing, deflexion, refraction, flexure, crook;
lovely; (n) beauty. ANTONYMS: departure, expiration, termination, (adj) flexible, supple, winding,
(adj) unattractive, homely, middle pliant. ANTONYM: (adj) stiff
grotesque, plain, repulsive, begotten: (adj) generated, biological, beneath: (adv, prep) below, under;
awkward, ordinary, dull create (adj) low, inferior; (adv) downward,
beauty: (n) attractiveness, beaut, begun: (adj) present infra, at a lower place; (prep) lower
charm, pulchritude, loveliness, behave: (n, v) conduct, exercise; (v) than, less than, unworthy of,
exquisiteness, grace, grandeur, bear, deal, deport, operate, perform, unbefitting. ANTONYMS: (adv,
looker, good looks; (adj) beautiful. acquit, walk, react, go. prep) over; (adv) higher
ANTONYMS: (n) hag, plainness, ANTONYMS: (v) misdemean, benefit: (n, v) aid, assist, profit, avail,
shortcoming, flaw, witch, dog, malfunction help, gain, favor; (n) good,
disadvantage, detraction, behaviour: (n) behavior, action, assistance, service, interest.
repulsiveness, eyesore, bearing, activity, act, dealing, deed, ANTONYMS: (n) loss, drawback, ill,
awkwardness character, proceeding, moral detriment, hindrance; (n, v) harm;
beaver: (n) whiskers, opera hat, conduct, conduct (v) hinder, hurt, injure, impair,
topper, top hat, stovepipe, alpha behold: (v) see, view, contemplate, disfavor
geminorum, silk hat, high hat, eager regard, perceive, observe, look, berth: (n) bunk, place, bed, position,
beaver, dress hat; (adj) irrepressible consider, discern, descry, watch. post, office, spot, situation; (n, v)
beavers: (n) Sciuromorpha, suborder ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, disregard, dock, wharf; (v) moor
Sciuromorpha, Rodentia, ignore, overlook beside: (adv) on, abreast, aside,
Castoridae, agoutis, order Rodentia, belabour: (v) whip, wallop, beat closely, nearly; (prep) about; (adv,
family Castoridae soundly, beat, thrash, lambaste, prep) besides; (adj) adjacent; (n)
becomes: (v) become bang about, admonish, assail, bash while, at; (adj, prep) near
befitting: (adj) apt, becoming, around, bang around besides: (adv) as well, moreover, too,
suitable, apropos, decent, condign, belief: (n) feeling, doctrine, furthermore, again, as well as,
fitting, fit; (adj, v) proper; (n) feat; supposition, opinion, idea, thought, anyway, additionally; (prep) apart
(v) meet. ANTONYMS: (adj) impression, trust, view, confidence, from, beside; (adj, adv) more
improper, unbecoming, unfitting, assumption. ANTONYMS: (n) betrothed: (adj) affianced, intended,
unsuitable unbelief, doubt, disavowal, distrust, bespoken, busy, occupied,
beforehand: (adv) previously, ahead, denial, rejection, uncertainty, contracted, attached, bargained for;
in advance, in anticipation, first; independence, innovation (n) fiance, fiancee; (v) engage
(adj, adv) early, aforehand; (adj) believed: (adj) whispered, alleged, beware: (v) look out, caution, be
advance, already, afore; (n) prior. thought, held careful, guard, pay attention, take
ANTONYMS: (adv) afterwards, believing: (adj) faith, believe, faithful, care, watch out, mind, keep, care,
afterward, later, late, subsequently basic cognitive process, gullible, careful. ANTONYMS: (v) risk,
beggar: (n) mendicant, mumper, Catholic, religious, loyal, certain, disregard, invite
pauper, tramp, sponger, joker, poor Christian, credent bewildered: (adj) bemused, confused,
man, cadger, bloke; (v) beg, bellow: (n, v) shout, growl, yell, cry, confounded, perplexed, befuddled,
pauperize. ANTONYM: (n) giver snarl, scream, howl, call, holler; (v) puzzled, dumbfounded, taken
beggared: (adj) strapped, poverty- bawl; (n) bay. ANTONYMS: (v) aback, addled, disoriented; (adj, v)
stricken, destitute, poor, needy, murmur, mutter lost. ANTONYMS: (adj)
broke, bereft, beggarly, belly: (n) stomach, inside, pregnancy, unimpressed, clear, oriented,
precise, understanding, alert blessing: (n) benediction, approval, blushingly, ablush. ANTONYM:
bewilderment: (n) astonishment, mercy, felicity, benison, benefit, (adj) pale
quandary, confusion, surprise, luck, advantage, boon, bless, boast: (v) bluster, brag, blow, crow,
wonder, bemusement, maze, chaos, godsend. ANTONYMS: (n) curse, gasconade, show off, rodomontade,
jumble, mess; (adj, n) perplexity. misfortune, disaster, condemnation, exult; (n, v) vaunt, pride; (n)
ANTONYMS: (n) order, clarity adversity, desecration, refusal, veto, arrogance. ANTONYMS: (n)
beyond: (adj, prep) across; (adv, disadvantage deprecation; (v) downplay, lack
prep) above, without, besides, over; blindly: (adv) darkly, dimly, boastful: (adj, v) braggart; (adj)
(adj, adv) further; (adv) away, by, blindfoldly, purblindly, obscurely, pompous, arrogant, proud,
more, farther, abroad. ANTONYMS: heedlessly, unreasoningly, vaunting, thrasonical, vainglorious,
(prep) below; (adv) close, inside blindfold, unsightedly, vain, ostentatious; (v) Thrasonic;
bile: (n) gall, anger, spleen, ebullition, inconsiderately, ignorantly. (adj, n) noble. ANTONYMS: (adj)
pucker, ferment, fume, rage, ANTONYMS: (adv) sensibly, deprecating, humble, insecure
indignation, fury, biliousness. carefully, considerately, purposely boasting: (n) bluster, bravado,
ANTONYMS: (n) composure, bliss: (n) happiness, joy, ecstasy, rodomontade, swagger,
pleasure pleasure, paradise, blessedness, braggadocio, ostentation, show; (v)
billiard: (n) pool, one thousand felicity, elation, beatitude, heaven, brag; (adj) swaggering, vaporing,
billions blessing. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, strutting
biped: (adj, n) bipedal, human; (n) sorrow, agony, grief, anguish, boiling: (adj) hot, ebullient, heated,
creature, brute, fauna, animate sadness, suffering, gloom, hell, burning, scalding, torrid, humid;
being, beast dissatisfaction (adj, v) effervescent; (v) seethe,
bite: (n, v) nip, cut, taste, hurt, pain; block: (n, v) arrest, barricade, stop, effervesce; (n) ebullience.
(v) pinch, chew, erode, gnaw, eat; clog; (n) pad; (v) hinder, plug, ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, happy,
(n) morsel. ANTONYMS: (n) lot, encumber, lock, obstruct; (adj, n) frozen, cooled, cool, collected, calm,
whole, mildness lump. ANTONYMS: (v) free, fresh, airy
bitter: (adj, v) acrimonious, acrid; unblock, open, remember, unclog, bold: (adj) adventurous, audacious,
(adj) sharp, acid, malicious, caustic, clear, release, promote, help, manly, arrogant, intrepid, fearless,
virulent, sour, resentful, keen, encourage; (n) opening spirited, heroic, daring, courageous,
acerbic. ANTONYMS: (adj) mild, blockhead: (n) dunderhead, ass, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) timid,
charitable, hot, sugary, kind, idiot, beetlehead, dunce, dolt, fool, modest, afraid, meek, shy, light,
wonderful, warm, pleasant, nice, loggerhead, muttonhead, courteous, discreet, faint, fearful,
agreeable, gentle knucklehead; (n, v) block abashed
bitterness: (n) acerbity, animosity, blocking: (n) block, congestion, boldly: (adj, adv) courageously,
gall, malice, resentment, enmity, interference, obstruction, hindrance, valiantly, heroically; (adv)
acridity, acidity, bitter, rancor, spiking, prevention, jamming, fearlessly, daringly, bravely,
sharpness. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, resistance, interlocking; (adj) intrepidly, impudently, audaciously,
happiness, harmony, kindness, preventive. ANTONYM: (n) success shamelessly, brashly. ANTONYMS:
blandness, friendliness, goodwill, blood: (n) birth, gore, nature, origin, (adv) discreetly, modestly,
idealism, affection kindred, lineage, descent, family, nervously, hesitantly, shyly,
blackguard: (n) ruffian, rogue, dog, beau, pedigree; (adj) juice fearfully, meekly, submissively,
rascal, heel, hound, cad; (adj) base, bloodshed: (n) blood, slaughter, secretly, respectfully, diffidently
vile; (v) vituperate, revile massacre, bloodletting, murder, bondage: (n) thrall, thraldom,
blacking: (n) black-wash , polish, killing, homicide, gore, bloodbath, thralldom, slavery, captivity,
shoe Polish, black wash fighting, battue. ANTONYM: (n) enslavement, duress, restraint, yoke,
blame: (v) arraign, chide; (n, v) friendliness vassalage; (adj, n) villenage.
reprimand, censure, attack, charge, bloodthirsty: (adj) murderous, brutal, ANTONYMS: (n) independence,
reproach, rap, rebuke, fault; (n) bloody, barbarous, cruel, savage, emancipation, freedom
onus. ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v) fierce, ferocious, violent, bone: (n) framework, os, skeleton,
absolve, exonerate, commend, clear, slaughterous, sanguineous. anatomy, ivory, astragal, true
acquit; (n) vindication, exoneration, ANTONYM: (adj) pleasant middlings; (adj, n, v) cartilage; (v)
honor, absolution, glory blowing: (n) processing, insufflation, swot, gristle, prepare
blamed: (adj) goddamned, goddamn, bravado; (v) fanning, blow out; (adj) bookishly: (adv) studiously,
damned, goddam, infernal, windy, breezy learnedly, literarily, pedantically,
damnable, ageless, answerable, blue: (adj) depressed, down, gloomy, pedanticly, eruditely
beatified, blessed, aeonian low, spicy, livid, naughty, sapphire, bookishness: (n) erudition
bled: (v) bleed; (n) bulla sad, downhearted, downcast. books: (n) notebook, account, ledger,
bless: (v) consecrate, celebrate, ANTONYMS: (adj) clean, happy, literature, accountancy
sanctify, anoint, eulogize, sign, joyous, refined, moral, decent, boots: (n) Bootes, bell boy, bootblack,
praise, keep, grant, glorify; (n) upbeat, joyful, gay, cheerful, cheery counterjumper, boy, shoeblack,
blessing. ANTONYMS: (v) curse, blushing: (adj) rosy, coy, blushful, footwear
condemn, disapprove, damn, flushed, red, shy, bashful, bored: (adj) weary, boring, blase,
disallow, deny overmodest, ruddy; (adv) uninterested, bore, listless, jaded,
sick, fed up, annoyed, indifferent. youth, youthhood, infancy, brew: (n) beer, drink, concoction,
ANTONYMS: (adj) energetic, fresh girlhood, age, boyism, puberty. blend, mixture, ale; (v) concoct,
boredom: (n) weariness, monotony, ANTONYM: (n) adulthood make, saturate, prepare, knead.
fatigue, dullness, ennui, doldrums, brain: (n) mastermind, genius, head, ANTONYM: (v) erupt
tediousness, melancholy, mind, reason, wit, psyche, noddle, brick: (n) adobe, block, rough
listlessness, languor, tiresomeness. intelligence, nous, brains. diamond, ugly duckling, lump, unit,
ANTONYMS: (n) enjoyment, ANTONYMS: (n) emotion, moron, red; (adj) trump, concrete; (v) pot,
fascination, laughter, stimulation, body, dummy, imbecile, idiot, terra cotta
variation, enthusiasm, enthrallment, physicality brief: (adj) concise, transient, little,
interest branded: (adj) identified, known, abridge, short-lived, abrupt; (adj, n)
born: (adj) native, natural, congenital, proprietary, recognized abstract, summary; (n) epitome,
inbred, inborn, innate, inherent, brazil: (n) The Brazils, brazil-wood, report; (v) notify. ANTONYMS:
untutored; (v) be born, to be born, Federative Republic of Brazil, India, (adj) permanent, lengthy, rambling,
arise. ANTONYMS: (adj) learned, Brazil nut, Brasil, Bertholletia wordy, prolonged, extended,
unborn, acquired, trained excelsa lasting, civil; (adv) civilly; (v)
borrow: (v) adopt, lend, appropriate, bread: (n) livelihood, bun, secrete, hide
to borrow, assume, take, accept, maintenance, cash, currency, loot, bright: (adj) alive, vivid, intelligent,
acquire, plagiarize, cadge, get. dough, pelf, food, sustenance, kale apt, shining, brilliant, lustrous,
ANTONYMS: (v) give, invent, loan, breadth: (n) width, spread, luminous, light, beaming, shiny.
originate, return amplitude, wideness, size, length, ANTONYMS: (adj) cloudy, stupid,
borrowed: (adj) foreign, rubato, latitude, extent, area, broadness, gloomy, dim, unintelligent, dreary,
secondary stretch. ANTONYMS: (n) length, dark, overcast, shadowy, thick,
bosom: (n) heart, interior, boob, longitude, emptiness, thinness leaden
thorax, chest, bust, tit; (n, v) break: (n, v) crack, fracture, breach, brilliant: (adj, v) splendid, glorious,
embrace; (v) cherish, hug; (adj) burst, rupture, stop, pause; (n) illustrious, smart; (adj) sunny,
intimate. ANTONYMS: (n) outside, interruption, respite, suspension; (v) intelligent, magnificent, luminous,
exteriority infringe. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, spectacular, vivid, beautiful.
bottle: (n) container, jug, flask, cruet, honor, lose, make, observe, resume, ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dim, awful,
vial, pot, phial, jar, decanter, carboy; stay, strengthen; (n, v) mend; (n) dark, unexceptional, typical,
(n, v) can continuation, misfortune tarnished, grimy, unintelligent,
bottom: (n) basis, backside, bed, breaks: (n) lot, destiny, opportunity, normal, useless
behind, foot, footing, back, chance bring: (v) convey, get, take, bear,
foundation, posterior, floor; (n, v) breast: (n) boob, udder, tit, titty, carry, put, conduct, return, reduce,
ground. ANTONYMS: (n) pinnacle, chest, knocker, mammilla, bust, pap, set, bring in. ANTONYMS: (v) drop,
summit, peak, roof, apex, ceiling, heart; (n, v) front free, leave, lose, remove, avoid
middle; (adj) highest breasts: (n) chest, booby bringing: (n) delivery, consignment,
bought: (n) crook, hook breath: (n) wind, air, inspiration, serving, service, passage, post
bound: (n, v) leap, jump, border, puff, soul, aspiration, respite, broad: (adj) wide, sweeping,
bounce, limit, edge, vault, recoil; (n) airflow; (v) breathe, respire; (adj, n) comprehensive, vast, general,
boundary, barrier, compass. whisper extensive, large, ample, free, big; (n)
ANTONYMS: (v) allow, amble, breathe: (n, v) respire, subsist, imply; female. ANTONYMS: (adj) specific,
crawl, limp, permit; (adj) permitted, (n) breath, bespeak; (adj, n, v) live; thin, restricted, polite, minor,
released, unbound, allowed, (v) exhale, exist, emit, rest, be. limited, exclusive, dogmatic, decent,
unlikely ANTONYMS: (v) suffocate, hide, cultured, confined
bounds: (n) boundary, border, limit, choke, asphyxiate, drain, die, inhale broke: (adj) bankrupt, poor,
bound, margin, borderline, end, breathing: (adj) animate, live, living, insolvent, impecunious, penniless,
bourn, Bourne, brink, edge. respiratory, alive, above ground; (v) impoverished, skint, bust, destitute,
ANTONYMS: (n) center, middle breathe, respire; (n) respiration, strapped, ruined. ANTONYMS:
bowed: (adj) arched, curved, inclined, instant, moment. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) solvent, wealthy, affluent
crooked, arciform, arching, arced, inanimate, breathless, dead broken: (adj) torn, tame, damaged,
bandy, arcuate, twisted, bended. breathless: (adj, adv) out of breath; intermittent, uneven, imperfect,
ANTONYMS: (adj) straight, (adj) panting, inanimate, rugged, rough, out of order; (adj, v)
concave, plucked breathtaking, winded, choking, busted, ruined. ANTONYMS: (adj)
bowing: (n) obeisance, playing, puffing; (v) all agog, aghast; (adj, n) unbroken, intact, wild, whole,
gesticulation, capitulation, eager; (n) in hysterics. ANTONYMS: working, uplifted, uninterrupted,
genuflection, scraping, submission; (adj) dull, expected, boring triumphant, running, indomitable,
(adj) bowed, bent, fawning, breeding: (n) education, upbringing, incessant
submissive nurture, manners, reproduction, brooding: (adj) pondering,
boxes: (n) auditory, pit, parquet, generation, propagation, culture, thoughtful, contemplative, hatching,
gallery, box, case, front of the house, fostering, cultivation, multiplication. meditative, pensive, wistful; (v)
bleachers, stalls ANTONYMS: (n) unsophistication, brewing, batching; (n) chick
boyhood: (n) babyhood, adolescence, vulgarity management, parturition.
ANTONYMS: (adj) shallow, ANTONYMS: (adj) cold, trivial, calculation; (adj, v) wise.
cheerful cool, out, painless, quenched, ANTONYMS: (adj) uncalculating,
brushed: (adj) napped, fleecy soothing, unimportant, apathetic, unassuming, reckless, artless, rash,
bubbles: (n) froth, suds, insignificant, unconcerned guileless, candid, unconscious
effervescence, spume, fizz, lather, burst: (adj, n, v) crack; (adj, v) split, calendar: (n) agenda, the calendar,
sparkle blow up, explode, splinter, detonate; schedule, diary, journal, timetable,
buckle: (n, v) clasp, warp; (v) curve, (n, v) rupture, blast; (adj, n) flash; (v) program, Calendar year, system,
crumple, distort, fasten; (adj, n) break out, belch. ANTONYMS: (v) organization; (n, v) list
button; (n) screw, hook, fastener; attach, join, connect, fasten, trickle call: (n, v) appeal, shout, bellow,
(adj) strap. ANTONYMS: (v) bury: (v) inter, overwhelm, lay to name, yell, howl, request, appoint;
unbuckle, flatten, smooth, straighten rest, hide, mask, secrete, conceal, (v) bid, summon; (n) call option.
budge: (adj, v) move, go; (v) stir, cloak, entomb, suppress; (n) burial. ANTONYMS: (v) whisper, mutter,
agitate, change, sway, dislodge, ANTONYMS: (v) exhume, unearth, cancel, listen, stop, suppose,
bump, rouse, push; (adj) flit. uncover, dig, disclose, distract, murmur; (n) dismissal, give, grant,
ANTONYMS: (v) remain, stay expose, ignore, reveal, air, silence
buffet: (n, v) blow, cuff, hit, smack, remember calling: (n) business, occupation, call,
buff; (v) beat, batter, knock, punch; burying: (n) entombment, avocation, job, trade, career,
(n) restaurant, canteen inhumation employment, walk, pursuit; (n, v)
build: (n, v) make, shape; (v) erect, bushes: (n) underbrush, thicket, profession. ANTONYMS: (n)
establish, raise, rise, found, base, undergrowth, minor league entertainment, hobby
fabricate, fashion; (n) frame. bustle: (adj, n, v) hurry; (n, v) flurry, calls: (n) securities, puts, bonds,
ANTONYMS: (v) destroy, ado, fuss, hustle; (adj, n) stir, preferred stock, common stock
dismantle, raze, overturn, obliterate, movement; (n) bother, commotion, calm: (adj, n, v) assuage, appease,
decrease, decelerate, ruin, disorder; (adj, v) hasten. lull; (adj, v) cool, pacify, peaceful,
disassemble ANTONYMS: (n) inactivity, easy, steady; (adj, adv, n, v) still; (n,
building: (n) architecture, stillness, idleness; (v) laziness, v) allay; (v) mollify. ANTONYMS:
establishment, construction, relaxation (adj) agitated, wild, stormy,
fabrication, house, fabric, dwelling, busy: (adj) brisk, engaged, assiduous, nervous, angry, scared, terrified,
assembly, structure, erection; (n, v) occupied, agile, meddlesome, tense; (v) agitate, provoke; (adj, v)
pile industrious, crowded, officious, live; upset
buildings: (n) edifice, construction, (v) occupy. ANTONYMS: (adj) free, calmer: (n) placid, quiet
lane, passage, place, property, quad, inactive, dodging, available, calmly: (adv) stilly, tranquilly, coolly,
quadrangle, parade, rents, road deserted, lazy, quiet, still, serenely, placidly, sedately,
built: (v) establish, create; (adj) made, unengaged, avoiding, empty smoothly, peacefully, easily,
shapely, robust, curvaceous, butter: (v) gloze, slaver, flatter; (adj) undisturbedly, steadily.
reinforced, improved, heavy, butyraceous, dough, pudding; (n) ANTONYMS: (adv) anxiously,
buxom, assembled fat, scrapper, fighter, oil, tallow hysterically, nervously, agitatedly,
bull: (n) rot, ox, hogwash, absurdity, button: (n, v) knob; (adj, n) tie; (n) uncontrollably, histrionically,
bear, buck, guff, shit, male; (n, v) knop, push button, push, key, restlessly, frantically, irritably,
bullshit; (adj, n) blunder. fastening, clasp, bud, buckle; (v) emotionally, tensely
ANTONYMS: (n) truth, bear fasten candid: (adj) blunt, outspoken,
bully: (n, v) hector; (v) bluster, cabman: (n) cabdriver, cabby, ingenuous, direct, sincere, open,
bulldoze, threaten, ballyrag; (n) taximan, carman, coachman, driver, forthright, artless, equitable, honest,
tough, rowdy, hooligan, ruffian, taxi driver, hackdriver, taxidriver guileless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
bravo; (adj, v) domineer. cafe: (n) buffet, coffee, saloon, caff, scheming, tricky, artful, deceitful,
ANTONYMS: (n) urge, flatter, canteen, coffee shop, coffeehouse, dishonest, guarded, indirect,
cajole; (v) help, encourage, assist, diner, restaurant, coffee bar, posada insincere, inhibited, disingenuous,
obey, protect, reassure calculate: (v) estimate, compute, add, evasive
buried: (adj) hidden, covert, interred, account, appraise, gauge, cipher, candle: (n) candela, light, taper,
underground, inhumed, profound, reckon, enumerate, forecast, guess. bougie, CD, candlepower, lamp,
covered, ulterior; (v) perdu, imbed, ANTONYMS: (v) suppose, doubt, wax light, Standard candle; (v)
embed. ANTONYMS: (adj) explicit, estimate examine, illuminate
overt calculated: (adj) purposeful, candlestick: (n) candelabra, sconce,
burlesque: (n, v) caricature, lampoon, intentional, intended, conscious, chandelier, candle holder, girandole,
ridicule, travesty, spoof, banter; (adj) premeditated, planned, measured, candleholder, holder, electrolier,
ludicrous; (n) farce, comedy; (adj, n) strategic; (adj, v) studied; (v) gaselier, girandola, luster
satire; (v) mock. ANTONYM: (adj) advised, designed. ANTONYMS: cannibalism: (n) practice, pattern
factual (adj) ingenuous, spontaneous, capable: (adj) competent, adequate,
burning: (adj) blazing, ablaze, casual apt, adept, accomplished, fit, gifted,
boiling, afire, flaming, hot; (n) calculating: (adj) scheming, sly, qualified, proficient, trained; (adj, n)
combustion, firing; (adj, n) shrewd, crafty, calculative, wily, efficient. ANTONYMS: (adj)
passionate, zealous, glowing. wary, discreet, devious; (n) incapable, inept, unable, helpless,
lacking, bad, unimaginative, attentively, daintily, methodically, (n) advantage, boon
unqualified, untrained discreetly, economically caucasus: (n) Caucasus Mountains
capacity: (adj, n) capability, talent, carelessness: (n) negligence, caught: (adj) fixed, guilty,
endowment; (n) aptitude, inattention, indifference, accomplished, wedged, trapped,
capacitance, function, intelligence, nonchalance, thoughtlessness, interested, exposed, defenseless,
dimension, authority, faculty; (n, v) abandon, incaution, disregard, culpable; (v) seize, get. ANTONYM:
might. ANTONYMS: (n) omission, forgetfulness, dereliction. (adj) loose
incapability, incapableness, ANTONYMS: (n) attention, caution, cause: (n) case, action, account; (n, v)
incapacity, incompetence alertness, vigilance, carefulness, occasion, allow; (v) breed, do,
capitally: (adv) chiefly, finely, thoughtfulness, assiduousness, induce, beget, motivate, provoke.
excellently, foremostly, cardinally, economy, regard, prudence, ANTONYMS: (n) effect, result,
mainly, primarily, leadingly, forethought outcome; (v) foil, deter, forestall,
greatly, centrally, splendidly caressing: (adj) caressive, soft; (n) prevent, stop, halt, quell, retard
caprice: (n) fancy, fantasy, humor, petting, foreplay, stimulation, causeless: (adj) adventitious,
quirk, freak, notion, impulse, fit, dalliance, smooching, snuggling, accidental, groundless, uncaused,
capriccio, fad, vagary. ANTONYMS: arousal, hugging, cuddling reasonless, casual, aimless,
(n) plan, strategy, blueprint, reality carriage: (n) attitude, conveyance, fortuitous, gratuitous,
captivate: (adj, v) attract, charm, cab, air, walk, position, mien, indeterminate, undetermined
fascinate; (v) bewitch, enchant, take, shipping; (n, v) transport, behavior, cave: (n) lair, hole, grotto, hollow,
lure, hypnotize; (n, v) allure, tempt, port cove, den, cell, grot, nest; (v)
entice. ANTONYMS: (v) repulse, carried: (adj) conveyed, imported undermine, calve. ANTONYMS: (n)
disillusion, offend, bore, annoy carry: (v) convey, bring, take, hump; (v) withstand
card: (n) calling card, board, bill of conduct, acquit, behave, accept, cease: (n, v) end, finish, stop; (v) quit,
fare, ticket, label, postal, identity transport, comport, hold, pack. terminate, break, break off, close,
card, menu, notice, placard, visiting ANTONYMS: (v) withhold, lose, conclude, discontinue, abstain.
card censor, fail, hold, conceal ANTONYMS: (v) begin, start,
cardboard: (n) card, carton, carrying: (n) transport, conveyance, commence, persist, stay
pasteboard, packing, wadding, carriage, transportation, haulage, ceased: (adj) finished
paperboard, binder board, hauling, shipping; (adj) bearing, ceasing: (n) stopping, subsidence
composition board; (adj) unreal, gerent; (v) convey, bring ceiling: (n) cap, limit, maximum,
unlifelike, artificial cases: (n) brass tacks, baggage, overhead, upper limit, top, roof,
career: (adj, n) job; (n) calling, luggage, caseload, suitcases limitation, confine, tile, thatch.
profession, vocation, occupation, cast: (n, v) throw, stamp, form, fling, ANTONYMS: (n) minimum, floor
work, trade; (v) speed, dash; (n, v) shape, figure; (v) shed, pitch, chuck; celebrate: (v) extol, keep, praise,
course; (adj) occupational. (n) casting, appearance. acclaim, laud, honor, fete,
ANTONYMS: (n) entertainment, ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, receive, solemnize, applaud, honour,
hobby, sideline, avocation subtract, reject, take, gather, catch, triumph. ANTONYMS: (v)
careful: (adj, v) attentive, anxious; retain, keep overlook, mourn, forget, disregard,
(adj) thrifty, thoughtful, frugal, casual: (adj) adventitious, careless, condemn
mindful, prudent, deliberate, alert, chance, occasional, nonchalant, cellar: (n) basement, cellarage, wine
economical, guarded. ANTONYMS: irregular, easy, cursory, cellar, godown, warehouse, winery,
(adj) reckless, slapdash, neglectful, coincidental, passing, random. silo, pit, excavation, story, storey
wasteful, unconcerned, tactless, ANTONYMS: (adj) deliberate, cemetery: (n) graveyard, tomb, burial
stupid, spendthrift, rash, negligent, formal, thorough, careful, rushed, ground, burying ground,
inaccurate premeditated, predetermined, churchyard, necropolis, burial site,
carefully: (adv) scrupulously, planned, serious, permanent, resting place, site, burial place,
thoroughly, deliberately, charily, intense grave
warily, watchfully, prudently, casually: (adv) incidentally, censure: (n, v) accuse, reprimand,
painstakingly, guardedly, thriftily, haphazardly, fortuitously, reproach, attack, animadversion,
meticulously. ANTONYMS: (adv) carelessly, occasionally, by chance, abuse; (n) accusation,
hastily, recklessly, rashly, cursorily, nonchalantly, condemnation; (v) carp, condemn,
inaccurately, unhelpfully, adventitiously, contingently, berate. ANTONYMS: (v) approve,
incautiously, indifferently, indifferently. ANTONYMS: (adv) commend, allow, endorse, laud,
thoughtlessly, abstractedly, anxiously, formally, politely, permit, sanction; (n) approval,
clumsily, unwisely seriously, distantly, considerately, blessing, commendation; (n, v)
carelessly: (adv) incautiously, hastily, attentively compliment
recklessly, heedlessly, casually, catch: (n, v) capture, hook, haul, certainly: (adv) assuredly, definitely,
sloppily, imprudently, hitch, trick, grab, snatch; (v) get, positively, clearly, necessarily,
inconsiderately, rashly, negligently, apprehend, intercept; (n) pawl. undoubtedly, actually, securely,
unwarily. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (n, v) release; (v) confidently, absolutely; (adj, adv)
thoroughly, diligently, carefully, misunderstand, unhitch, mistake, really. ANTONYMS: (adv)
warily, laboriously, thoughtfully, Miss, misinterpret, free, give, lose; doubtfully, possibly, equivocally,
perhaps distinctiveness, individuality, kind, treasured, prized, intimate, wanted,
certainty: (n) assurance, sureness, natural features, sort valued, pet, valuable, close.
certain, trust, confidence, fact, characterless: (adj) commonplace, ANTONYMS: (adj) unremarkable,
reliability, surety, security, reality, nondescript, colorless, boring, hated, distant
certitude. ANTONYMS: (n) doubt, insipid, featureless, pedestrian, cherub: (n) baby, seraph, infant,
unpredictability, indecisiveness, banal, mediocre, mundane, null. cherubim, guardian angel, child,
skepticism, unknown, idealism, ANTONYMS: (adj) inspiring, babe, archangel, cherubin
vagueness, fantasy, feeling, interesting, inspired, soulful, special chess: (n) chess game, chess set,
hesitation, insecurity charming: (adj) beautiful, lovely, cheat, shogi, cheater, cheating,
certificate: (n) diploma, attestation, captivating, winning, attractive, brome, bromegrass, bearded darnel,
certification, license, testimony, enchanting, delightful, pleasing, checkers, board game
credentials, document, warrant, nice, magic, cute. ANTONYMS: chicken: (n) fowl, hen, broiler,
credential; (v) certify, confirm (adj) repellent, unpleasant, coward, cock, poultry, weakling,
chains: (n) fetters, bond, chain, unappealing, repulsive, charmless, nestling; (adj) yellow, fearful,
bonds, handcuffs, irons, manacles, disgusting, gross, irritating, chicken-hearted. ANTONYM: (n)
shackles, iron, confine, trammel offensive, uninteresting, annoying daredevil
chair: (n, v) chairman; (n) bench, cheap: (adj) tacky, low, stingy, base, chief: (adj, n) principal, head,
president, chairperson, throne, flashy, worthless, sleazy, shabby, cardinal, capital, arch, essential,
couch, armchair, electric chair, niggardly, mean, economical. paramount; (n) administrator, boss,
chairwoman; (v) moderate, lead ANTONYMS: (adj) expensive, executive, leader. ANTONYMS:
challenge: (n, v) defy, dare, brave; (n) costly, tasteful, generous, luxurious, (adj) associate, secondary, junior,
defiance, protest, contest; (v) quality, noble, inflated, precious, smallest, inessential, unimportant,
dispute, ask, provoke, impeach, dear, steep least, trivial; (n) subordinate,
demur. ANTONYMS: (v) obey, cheat: (n, v) trick, con, fake, sham; (n) underling, inferior
answer, avoid, prove, accept, fraud, bilk, impostor; (v) defraud, chiefly: (adv) principally, primarily,
bolster, stifle, correspond; (n) yield, beguile, betray, fleece. above all, especially, headly, mostly,
pushover, acquiesce ANTONYMS: (v) support, repay, largely, primely, predominantly;
champagne: (v) chain lightning, help, contribute, aid (adj, adv) mainly, particularly.
cocktail; (n) sparkling wine, blonde checking: (n) examination, ANTONYM: (adv) partially
chance: (n, v) hazard, adventure, risk, verification, audit, inspection, childhood: (n) babyhood, boyhood,
venture, bet; (n) fortune, probability, scrutiny, going-over, arrest, immaturity, infancy, puerility,
opportunity; (adj) accidental; (adj, n) interference, supervision, collation, youth, youthhood, immatureness,
contingency; (v) befall. approval of plans adolescence, age, anal phase.
ANTONYMS: (adj) intentional, cheeks: (n) Gemini, twins, couple, ANTONYMS: (adj) recent; (n)
deliberate, designed, arranged, posterior, pair, deuce, two, duet maturity
planned, foreseeable; (n, v) plan; (n) cheer: (v) animate, applaud, amuse, childish: (adj) childlike, naive,
predictability, misfortune, certainty; hearten, inspire, lighten; (n, v) babyish, immature, simple, puerile,
(v) protect comfort, delight, cry; (adj, v) infantile, juvenile, silly, frivolous,
changed: (adj) transformed, varied, embolden; (n) consolation. young. ANTONYMS: (adj) sensible,
switched, change, transform, ANTONYMS: (n) sadness, boo, old, wise, adult, jaded
converted, distorted, affected, uncheerfulness, hiss, pessimism, childishly: (adv) foolishly, babyishly,
changeling, disguised, inverse. raspberry; (v) depress, discourage, silly, infantilely, stupidly,
ANTONYM: (adj) unchanged dissuade, complain, jeer immaturely, simplely, juvenilely,
chaos: (n) disarray, jumble, maze, cheerful: (adj, v) buoyant; (adj) absurdly, ridiculously, frivolously
mess, muddle, clutter, uproar, breezy, merry, optimistic, pleasant, chill: (adj, v) cool; (adj, n) cold; (adj)
disorder, bedlam, pandemonium, glad, blithe, carefree, bright, lively, bleak, icy, chilly, frosty, depressing;
mix-up. ANTONYMS: (n) peace, happy. ANTONYMS: (adj) (v) freeze, dispirit, damp; (n)
orderliness, regulation, regularity, depressed, gloomy, sad, depressing, coolness. ANTONYMS: (adj, v)
organization, tranquility, serenity, grim, hopeless, miserable, morose, warm; (n) warmth, warmness; (v)
neatness, calm somber, dejected, unwelcoming encourage, hearten, inspirit, thaw;
chapter: (n) volume, branch, chemical: (n) bactericide, restrainer, (adj) hot, gregarious, friendly,
department, part, convocation, ammunition, product, fumigant, sociable
section, stage, head, article, caput, bacteriacide, carbon tetrahalide, chin: (n) jaw, Kuki, jawbone,
installment carrier; (adj) plastic, alkaline, lineament, rap, jowl; (v) elevate,
character: (n) type, part, note, role, alchemical speak, chin up, confer, bring up
brand, spirit, disposition; (adj, n) chemically: (adv) with chemicals chivalry: (n) gallantry, knighthood,
nature, kind, eccentric, constitution. cherish: (v) care for, nurture, generosity, courtesy, knight service,
ANTONYMS: (n) deceit, dishonor, treasure, entertain, cultivate, bosom, courtliness, knight errantry,
corruption, body prize, esteem, harbor; (n, v) hug, principle, valiance; (adj, n) heroism;
characteristics: (n) quality, trait, foster. ANTONYMS: (v) hate, scorn, (adj) prowess. ANTONYMS: (n)
personality, characteristic curve, reject, denounce, despise, neglect impoliteness, dishonor, discourtesy,
description, characteristic curves, cherished: (adj) dear, precious, loved, cowardice
choice: (n) vote, alternative, selection, claim: (n, v) call, charge, need, cling: (v) adhere, cleave, stick, cohere,
option, preference, pick, pleasure, requisition; (n) allegation, privilege; hang, attach, grasp, adjoin, clutch,
volition; (adj, n) favorite, election; (v) assert, exact, ask, want, arrogate. grip, hold. ANTONYMS: (v) detach,
(adj) excellent. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (v) disclaim, forfeit, repel, unfasten
inferior, fair, poor, worst, ordinary, waive, question, lose, grant, refute, cloak: (n, v) veil, mask, camouflage,
inappropriate; (n) coercion, dearth, request; (n) denial, disclaimer, wrap, masquerade, screen, pall; (n)
restriction, dislike response cape; (v) conceal, dissemble, hide.
choked: (adj) clogged, smothered, class: (n, v) rank, place, group, ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, uncloak,
congested, annoyed, high-strung, position, grade, brand, type; (n) unmask; (n, v) uncover
strained, neurotic, tense, angry, category, form, department; (v) clock: (n) chronometer, horologe,
anxious, insecure categorize. ANTONYMS: (adj) alarm, alarm clock, clepsydra, ticker,
choose: (v) adopt, elect, select, pick, unstylish; (n) coarseness, inferiority, cuckoo clock, clock radio; (n, v)
prefer, take, appoint, assign, decide, tastelessness time, stopwatch; (v) measure
excerpt; (n) picking. ANTONYMS: classification: (n) categorization, close: (n, v) end, stop, finish; (adj,
(v) refuse, waver, decline, forgo, class, grading, rating, order, adv, prep) nearby; (adj, adv)
spurn, dislike, elect categorisation, assortment, rank, adjacent, tight; (adj, v) compact,
chose: (v) choose, opt, decide; (n) category, breakdown; (n, v) analysis. approximate; (adj) accurate; (adv,
thing ANTONYM: (n) disarray prep) by; (n) conclusion.
chosen: (adj, n) elect; (adj) preferred, classifications: (n) sorting, ANTONYMS: (adj, v) open; (n, v)
select, favored, named; (adj, v) categorization, classification start; (adj) distant, airy, loose, fresh,
designate, desired, designated; (n) clay: (n) soil, remains, adobe, loam, far, inaccurate, unfamiliar; (v) begin,
deary, ducky, dearie. ANTONYMS: dust, dirt, mud, bentonite, ashes; unlock
(adj) ignored, involuntary (adj, n) pottery; (adj) earthen closed: (v) close, tight; (adj) blind,
chubby: (adj) fat, plump, fleshy, clean: (adj, adv) fair; (v) cleanse, finished, blocked, shut, congested,
round, pudgy, stout, chunky, heavy, brush, bathe, disinfect; (adj) enclosed, folded, fastened, not open.
tubby, overweight, ample. antiseptic, blank, pure, chaste, ANTONYMS: (adj) beginning,
ANTONYMS: (adj) skinny, slim, unblemished; (n, v) wash. running, started, starting,
bony, anorexic, slender ANTONYMS: (adj) filthy, unclean, welcoming, continuing
chuckle: (n, v) snicker, snigger, muddy, unhygienic, tainted, closer: (adv) nearer, closest, more
giggle, chortle, titter, crow; (v) unwholesome, syrupy, full; (v) soil, rapidly; (adj) close, approximate,
chuck, laugh, cackle, exult; (n) contaminate, pollute near, dear, good, nigh; (n) finisher,
laughter clearly: (adv) distinctly, apparently, finale
cigarette: (adj) cigar; (n) tobacco, fag, evidently, openly, decidedly, clothes: (n) apparel, clothing, dress,
butt, can, coffin nail, cubeb, scroll, explicitly, definitely, certainly, garb, wardrobe, vestment, garment,
buttocks, reefer, butt joint absolutely, obviously, plainly. cloth, thing, gown, wear
circumspect: (adj) careful, cautious, ANTONYMS: (adv) vaguely, clouded: (adj, n) cloudy; (adj)
prudent, guarded, alert, cagey, indistinctly, unclearly, blurrily, gloomy, dark, overcast, obscure,
vigilant, wary, watchful, thoughtful, imperceptibly, obscurely, softly, blurred, foggy, misty, hazy, bleary;
considerate. ANTONYMS: (adj) doubtfully, imperfectly, (v) cymophanous. ANTONYM: (adj)
rash, incautious, bold, careless, unconvincingly, unintelligibly clear
unwary, tactless, open clenched: (adj) tight, clinched clout: (n, v) cuff, punch, slap, swipe,
circumstance: (n) affair, incident, clerk: (n, v) writer, secretary, knock, smack, whack, strike, crack;
matter, event, occasion, chance, transcriber; (n) servant, shop (n) authority, control
accident, opportunity, adventure, assistant, salesclerk, employee, club: (n) association, society, stick,
casualty, fact accountant, recorder; (v) scrivener, bat, circle, Billy, meeting, baton,
circumstances: (n) state, position, scribe gang; (v) bludgeon, beat
condition, circumstance, case, state clever: (adj) capable, acute, clue: (n, v) tip; (n) cue, hint, sign,
of affairs, status, predicament, intelligent, able, apt, expert, skillful, suggestion, signal, guide, token,
plight, environment, fortune cunning, sharp; (adj, v) brilliant, indication, key, vestige.
civilian: (adj) civil; (n) national, smart. ANTONYMS: (adj) clumsy, ANTONYM: (v) hide
chambermaid, resident, legist, unintelligent, dim, dull, inept, thick, clumsy: (adj) bumbling, bungling,
layman, jurist, inhabitant, civilist, naive, idiotic, moronic, incompetent, cumbersome, unwieldy, rude, inept,
chamberer, carpetmonger. open inapt, maladroit, gawky, unskilled,
ANTONYMS: (n) serviceman, climate: (n) atmosphere, clime, wooden. ANTONYMS: (adj)
serviceperson, servicewoman; (adj) ambience, latitude, mood, milieu, graceful, dexterous, clever, skillful,
martial, combative weather, environment, zone, deft, adroit, elegant, coordinated,
civilisation: (n) civilization, culture, conditions, isobar expert, athletic, agile
development, acculturation, climbing: (n) climb, ascension, clutched: (adj) tense, worried,
breeding, refinement mounting, mountain climbing, anxious, neurotic
civilised: (adj) civilized, humane, mountaineering, rock climbing, clutches: (n) clasp, grip, grasp, hold,
genteel, cultured, cultivated, acclivity; (v) ascending, uprise, clench, seizing, custody, talons; (v)
advanced, refined, polite arise; (adj) scandent vice, tongs, pliers
clutching: (n) locking colleague: (n) associate, buddy, upsetting
coarse: (adj) vulgar, boorish, rough, collaborator, partner, friend, comical: (adj) funny, comic,
brutal, crude, gross, common, assistant, brother, acquaintance, laughable, absurd, humorous,
earthy, blunt, bawdy; (adj, v) harsh. companion, fellow, mate. ridiculous, zany, droll, jocose,
ANTONYMS: (adj) sophisticated, ANTONYMS: (n) opponent, grotesque, jocular. ANTONYMS:
refined, smooth, polite, soft, civil, antagonist, detractor, superior, rival, (adj) tragic, sad, grave, solemn,
cultured, delicate, fine, genteel, foe, stranger unfunny, dull, sensible
gentlemanly collected: (adj) calm, accumulated, coming: (n) advent, approach,
coarsely: (adv) grossly, rudely, amassed, tranquil, sober, assembled, appearance, arrival, return; (adj, n)
harshly, roughly, crudely, cool, poised, unflappable, peaceful; approaching; (adj) forthcoming,
commonly, vulgarly, bluntly, (adj, v) composed. ANTONYMS: imminent, future, impending; (adj,
uncouthly, inelegantly, offensively. (adj) nervous, worried, upset, v) instant. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (adv) politely, evenly, uncollected, flustered, departure, exit, leaving, departing;
finely, smoothly, tastefully scatterbrained, anxious, excitable (adj) distant, retreating, past
coarseness: (n) grossness, indelicacy, collegiate: (adj) academic, scholastic; commanded: (adj) lawful
inelegance, indecency, vulgarism, (n) college, collegian, varsity. comment: (n) annotation,
commonness, rudeness, inferiority, ANTONYMS: (adj) mature, worldly commentary, critique, note,
crudeness, crudity, awkwardness. colossus: (n) behemoth, monster, explanation, interpretation, mention;
ANTONYMS: (n) delicacy, purity, Goliath, titan, personage, hulk, ogre, (n, v) remark, gloss, censure, notice.
refinement, smoothness, anomaly, heavyweight ANTONYM: (n) confirmation
sophistication, tastefulness, civility, colour: (n) coloration, coloring, commit: (v) consign, assign, charge,
grace, propriety, decency colors, semblance, vividness, confide, dedicate, apply, entrust,
coat: (v) cloak, blanket; (n, v) sheath, pretext, pretence, colouring, guise; submit, intrust, leave, give.
plaster; (n) coating, fur, film, crust, (v) redden, discolor. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (v) stop, desist,
jacket, layer, bark. ANTONYMS: (v) (n) colorlessness; (v) discolor divest, end, idle, withhold, wait,
reveal, expose coloured: (adj) colorful, biased, black, cease, keep, refuse
cobbler: (n) bootmaker, shoemaker, partial, painted, dyed, unfair, blue, committed: (adj) engaged, dedicated,
cordwainer, hosier, highball, hatter, hued, color, artificial firm, devoted, involved, connected,
maker, shaper, pie, vamper; (v) combinations: (n) incorporation, loyal, constant, linked, vigorous; (v)
tinker conjunction compromised. ANTONYMS: (adj)
coffee: (n) Java, cafe, coffee tree, combined: (adj) united, collective, unattached, passive, casual, flippant,
coffee bean, cocoa, burnt umber, cooperative, amalgamated, uncaring, halfhearted
chicory, espresso, tea; (adj, n) aggregate, concerted, conjoint, common: (adj) coarse, mutual,
brown, chocolate incorporate, conjunct, joined, vulgar, mean, mediocre, ignoble,
coffin: (n) casket, sarcophagus, chest, conjunctive. ANTONYMS: (adj) plebeian, base; (adj, n) cheap,
cask, hearse, urn, carriage, simple, solitary, uncombined, habitual; (adj, n, v) usual.
automobile, catafalque; (v) to drive a disjointed ANTONYMS: (adj) uncommon,
nail in one's coffin, bury comfort: (n, v) ease, allay, support, rare, unusual, characteristic, specific,
coincide: (v) agree, concur, accede, aid, alleviate; (n) consolation, relief, unique, extraordinary, exclusive,
correspond, conform, consort, amenity, assistance; (adj, n, v) aristocratic, infrequent, refined
accept, square, consent; (adj, v) assuage; (v) cheer. ANTONYMS: (n) commonplace: (adj, v) trite,
meet; (n) coincidence. ANTONYMS: discomfort, aggravation, agony; (v) hackneyed; (adj) banal, ordinary,
(v) diverge, disagree, contradict, alarm, annoy, frighten, afflict, humdrum, common, average, plain,
clash, deviate, conflict aggravate, bother, burden, mundane, dull; (n) platitude.
cold: (n) chilliness, chill; (adj) chilly, disappoint ANTONYMS: (adj) extraordinary,
frigid, distant, indifferent, aloof, comfortably: (adv) easily, pleasantly, unusual, exceptional, infrequent,
callous, icy, apathetic, impassive. cosily, conveniently, easy, snugly, rare, romantic, uncommon, weird;
ANTONYMS: (adj) warm, friendly, richly, advantageously, leisurely, (n) deepness, profundity,
hot, prepared, burning, affectionate, well, wealthily. ANTONYMS: (adv) profoundness
loving, soporific, fervid; (n) heat, uncomfortably, awkwardly, companions: (n) circle, entourage,
warmth unpleasantly people
coldly: (adv) frigidly, icily, coolly, comforted: (adj) thankful, pleased, comparatively: (adv) rather,
indifferently, frostily, distantly, comfortable, calmed somewhat, reasonably, quite,
gelidly, reservedly, bleakly, comforting: (adj) soothing, consoling, approximately, some, pretty, fairly,
wintrily, frozenly. ANTONYMS: consolatory, satisfying, gratifying, to some extent, to a certain extent,
(adv) warmly, affectionately, encouraging, restful, placatory, moderately. ANTONYM: (adv)
sympathetically, sensitively, kindly, tranquil, appeasing; (n) relief. absolutely
cheerfully, emotionally ANTONYMS: (adj) hostile, compassion: (adj, n) clemency,
collar: (n, v) arrest, catch, capture, discomforting, disconcerting, kindness; (n) mercy, charity,
pinch; (n) choker, ruff, lapel; (v) distressing, disturbing, sympathy, commiseration, remorse,
apprehend, nail, grab, clutch. overwhelming, surprising, tenderness, forgiveness, feeling,
ANTONYMS: (v) free, release troublesome, irritating, tense, grace. ANTONYMS: (n)
indifference, disregard, unconcern, amalgamate; (n) mixture, amalgam, realize, discover, cogitate,
severity, nastiness, harshness, combination, concoction. appreciate, invent, catch.
incomprehension, malevolence, ANTONYMS: (v) divide, separate, ANTONYMS: (v) destroy, doubt,
coldness, roughness, inhumanity simplify, unmix; (n) element; (adj) misunderstand, question, ruin
compelled: (adj) forced, obligate, few concerned: (adj, v) careful, solicitous;
enforced, constrained, responsible, compressed: (adj) flat, condensed, (adj) involved, interested,
answerable, unwilling, destined dense, concentrated, compacted, thoughtful, considerate, worried,
compilation: (n) collection, tight, pointed, packed, concise, nervous, apprehensive, affected,
anthology, compiling, digest, close, brief attentive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
collecting, miscellany, omnibus, compression: (n) compaction, uncaring, unfeeling, untroubled,
levy, ingathering, accumulation, pressure, contraction, consolidation, calm, unworried, uninvolved,
assembly. ANTONYMS: (n) concentration, compressing, casual, detached, removed,
dispersal, single, destruction squeezing, concretion, compactness, indifferent, hardhearted
complacently: (adv) contently, data compression, constriction. concerning: (adj, prep) regarding,
conceitedly, self-satisfiedly, ANTONYM: (n) looseness with regard to, with reference to, in
graciously, arrogantly, satisfiedly, compromise: (n) arrangement, relation to; (prep) respecting, as
contentedly, virtuously, settlement, concession, regards, of, touching, relating to;
sanctimoniously accommodation, understanding, (adj) as to, relevant
complete: (adj, v) perfect, adjustment, deal, appeasement; (n, concerns: (n) dealings, affairs
consummate; (adj, n) absolute, stark; v) bargain; (v) compound; (adj, v) conciliation: (n) mediation,
(v) achieve, finish, accomplish, make a compromise. ANTONYMS: appeasement, settlement, peace,
execute; (adj, n, v) close; (adj) whole, (n) disagreement, contention, placation, pacification, propitiation,
full. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfinished, confrontation, difference; (v) save, alliance, conciliate, compromise,
partial, abridged, sketchy, quarrel, protect, enhance, differ, harmony. ANTONYMS: (n)
shortened, lacking, qualified, support, contest provocation, confrontation,
narrow, missing; (v) neglect, start compromising: (adj) conciliatory, incitement
completed: (adj, adv, v) done; (adj) moderate, vulnerable, awkward, concluded: (adj, adv) finished, done,
accomplished, perfect, ready, whole, intermediate, flexible, inculpatory; completed, ended; (adj) over, closed,
through, terminated, fulfilled; (adj, (adv) halfway terminated, accomplished, all over,
adv) finished, over, ended comrade: (n) colleague, chum, buddy, consummate, set
completely: (adv) thoroughly, fellow, compeer, partner, brother, conclusion: (n) end, close, result,
perfectly, fully, totally, altogether, mate, familiar; (adj, n) associate, termination, sequel, completion,
consummately, roundly, purely, ally. ANTONYMS: (n) stranger, cessation, dissolution, finish, finale;
absolutely, unreservedly; (adv, pref) enemy, foe, opponent (n, v) closing. ANTONYMS: (n)
all. ANTONYMS: (adv) partly, comradeship: (adj, n) beginning, opening, preface,
partially, hardly, slightly, companionship; (n) camaraderie, inauguration, foreword, launch,
incompletely, superficially, company, friendship, society, commencement, head
somewhat, halfheartedly, barely fellowship, comradery, amity, conclusions: (n) data
completing: (adj) complementary, fraternity, association, brotherhood. condescend: (adj, v) deign,
complemental, final, unessential, ANTONYM: (n) animosity vouchsafe; (v) stoop, patronize,
definitive, consummative; (n) conceal: (v) hide, disguise, bury, patronise, descend, lower, interact,
finishing, carrying out, screen, cloak, smother, shield, decline, bow, agree
implementation suppress, mask, obscure; (n, v) veil. condescension: (n) arrogance,
composed: (adj) calm, dispassionate, ANTONYMS: (v) reveal, show, lordliness, disparagement,
cool, peaceable, pacific, staid, expose, divulge, clarify, uncover, patronage, affability, disdain, pride,
imperturbable, temperate, level, disclose, tell, admit, spotlight, flaunt superciliousness, contempt, stoop,
impassive, unflappable. concealed: (adj) covert, clandestine, depreciation. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) distressed, blind, occult, secret, mysterious, respect, acceptance, admiration
trembling, nervous, excited, tense, obscure, buried, invisible, secreted, condition: (n) position, status,
ruffled, jumpy, intemperate, surreptitious. ANTONYMS: (adj) provision, standing, clause,
discomposed, upset, worried unconcealed, available, overt, open, circumstances, term, predicament,
composure: (n) calmness, serenity, divulged, Shown, revealed, rank; (n, v) aspect; (v) provide.
poise, calm, equanimity, temper, disclosed, uncovered, noticeable, ANTONYMS: (v) disqualify; (n)
aplomb, tranquillity, peace, mainstream option
temperament, disposition. conceitedly: (adv) vainly, arrogantly, conducive: (n) advantageous,
ANTONYMS: (n) panic, boastfully, proudly, snootily, favorable; (adj) instrumental,
discomposure, anger, nervousness, egotistically, overweeningly, helpful, contributory, tending,
perturbation, anxiety, agitation, haughtily, superciliously, cockily, subservient, profitable, auspicious,
turbulence, awkwardness pompously. ANTONYM: (adv) beneficial; (v) working towards.
compound: (n, v) blend, mix, modestly ANTONYMS: (adj) unconducive,
compromise; (adj, n) complex, conceive: (v) think, imagine, hindering, deleterious, counter,
composite; (v) combine, comprehend, design, apprehend, adverse
confess: (adj, v) own, allow, admit, connoisseur: (n) critic, authority, conceive, reckon, reflect, assume; (n,
avow; (v) concede, profess, specialist, expert, cognoscenti, v) study. ANTONYMS: (v)
recognize, divulge, disclose, reveal, savant, scholar, gourmet, arbiter, disregard, forget, discard, doubt,
receive. ANTONYMS: (v) suppress, epicurean; (v) judge. ANTONYMS: reject, nevermind, dismiss, abandon,
hide, dispute, conceal, repress, (n) dabbler, tyro leave, decide, overlook
harbor conquered: (adj) overcome, considerable: (adj, v) important,
confessed: (adj) known vanquished, overwhelmed, crushed, influential; (adj) large, ample,
confessing: (v) confess subdued, profligate, routed, substantial, significant, sizable,
confessions: (n) confession, life, overthrown, done for, under enemy great, momentous, consequential,
journal, fortunes, personal narrative, control, baffled. ANTONYMS: (adj) meaningful. ANTONYMS: (adj)
memoir, experiences, biography victorious, liberated insignificant, faint, trivial, slight,
confident: (adj) bold, brave, secure, conscience: (n) moral sense, paltry, imperceptible, unnoticeable,
sanguine, audacious, forward, Conscience money, sense of right little, inconsiderable, unimportant,
fearless; (adj, v) certain, positive, and wrong, scruple, intention, subtle
sure; (adj, n) hopeful. ANTONYMS: tender conscience, small voice, considerably: (adv, v) well, fully;
(adj) insecure, timid, pessimistic, principles, morals, morality, inward (adv) much, very, substantially,
frightened, anxious, unsure, monitor. ANTONYM: (n) hugely, largely, rather, noticeably,
hesitant, unintelligent, doubtful, indifference markedly, immensely.
diffident, bland conscious: (adj) alive, premeditated, ANTONYMS: (adv) insignificantly,
confirmed: (adj) inveterate, assured, mindful, deliberate, cognizant, somewhat, faintly, unremarkably,
habitual, constant, settled, definite, calculated, intended, discerning, modestly, barely
established, affirmed, fixed, self-conscious, studied, voluntary. consideration: (n, v) respect, regard,
ingrained, corroborated. ANTONYMS: (adj) unaware, care, account, condition; (n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) unproven, ignorant, unintentional, dead, reflection, thought, attention,
unconfirmed, undecided, accidental, inanimate, spontaneous, cogitation, conception,
uncommitted, questionable, subconscious, unplanned, thoughtfulness. ANTONYMS: (n)
infrequent, dubious, mild, unfaithful inadvertent, oblivious impulsiveness, inconsideration,
conflict: (adj, n, v) clash; (n) combat, consciously: (adv) deliberately, inattention, cruelty, rashness,
battle, contention, dispute, struggle, intentionally, purposely, unconcern, heedlessness, disregard,
antagonism, strife, scuffle; (n, v) premeditatedly, sentiently, negligence, neglect, insensitivity
contest, encounter. ANTONYMS: wittingly, studiedly, awarely, on considered: (adj) reasoned,
(n) accord, peace, harmony, ease, purpose, willfully, purposefully. premeditated, intentional, willful,
amity, calm, consent; (v) agree, ANTONYMS: (adv) accidentally, sensible, sound, advised, studied,
concur, match, harmonize unconsciously, unintentionally planned, calculated, regarded.
confronting: (n) braving, facing, consciousness: (n) feeling, sense, ANTONYMS: (adj) sudden,
tackling, opposition, grappling, conscience, cognizance, mind, impetuous, ingenuous, thoughtless,
coping with; (adj) opposed notion, knowledge, sensibility, feel, swift, spontaneous, disregarded,
confused: (adj) abashed, baffled, Consciousness of kind, self. unconsidered, unplanned,
befuddled, bemused, dizzy, chaotic, ANTONYMS: (n) ignorance, unstudied, casual
confounded, deranged, incoherent, oblivion, certainty, numbness considering: (conj, prep) because,
disjointed, indistinct. ANTONYMS: consent: (adj, n, v) accord; (n, v) bearing in mind; (conj) as, since;
(adj) enlightened, orderly, alert, acquiescence, agreement; (v) concur, (adv) whereas, enough; (v) consider;
clearheaded, organized, oriented, approve, agree, acquiesce, accept; (n) consideration, thought,
precise, systematic, ordered, (n) consensus, approval; (adj, v) deliberation; (prep) in view of
unimpressed, methodical allow. ANTONYMS: (v) refuse, consist: (n, v) be; (adj, v) lie; (v)
confusion: (n) commotion, chaos, reject, protest, object, differ, oppose; belong, fit, comprise, lie in, reside,
disarray, bedlam, pandemonium, (n, v) veto; (n) refusal, opposition, exist, make up; (adj, n) abide; (n)
disorder, disturbance, distraction, dissent, disagreement agree
clutter, tumult, agitation. consequence: (n) effect, outcome, consistent: (adj) uniform, logical,
ANTONYMS: (n) clarity, import, result, importance, product, compatible, agreeable, congruous,
understanding, tidiness, account, concern, event, aftermath; regular, consonant, conformable,
systematization, enlightenment, (n, v) weight. ANTONYMS: (n) unchanging, concurrent; (adj, v)
peace, organization, lucidity, cause, inconsequence, insignificance, constant. ANTONYMS: (adj) erratic,
neatness, space, calm antecedent, unimportance, triviality, contradictory, illogical,
connection: (n) communication, source, meaninglessness unpredictable, unreliable,
concatenation, attachment, joint, consequently: (adv) therefore, incompatible, incongruous,
bearing, affiliation, association, knot, subsequently, as a result, then, opposing, irregular, indecisive,
conjunction, alliance, link. sequentially, followingly, so, inconstant
ANTONYMS: (n) breach, enemy, naturally, in consequence, hence; consolation: (n) comfort, relief, balm,
dissociation, disjunction, (conj) ergo succor, ease, cheer, solacement,
unconnectedness, foe, detachment, consider: (v) think, regard, view, encouragement, sympathy,
rival, interruption, clash, difference cogitate, deliberate, calculate, alleviation, express sympathy.
ANTONYMS: (n) grief, sorrow, cogitation, musing, introspection, ANTONYMS: (adv) acutely,
distress, discouragement, speculation, animus, deliberation; infrequently, spasmodically,
aggravation (n, v) study sporadically
conspicuous: (adj) apparent, blatant, contempt: (n, v) scorn; (v) despise; (n) continuation: (n) continuance, sequel,
visible, manifest, obvious, marked, disrespect, derision, mockery, resumption, maintenance,
glaring, blazing, flagrant, famous; disregard, ridicule, shame, slight, elongation, continuing, sequence,
(adj, v) salient. ANTONYMS: (adj) reproach, discourtesy. ANTONYMS: postscript, abidance, duration,
unobtrusive, unremarkable, (n) approval, admiration, regard, prolongation. ANTONYMS: (n) end,
unnoticeable, concealed, hidden, honor, esteem extinction, termination, break,
indistinct, invisible, secret, contemptible: (adj) abject, mean, discontinuation, prelude,
unimportant, unseen, doubtful base, pitiful, little, worthless, destruction
constantly: (adv) continually, firmly, unworthy, miserable, ignoble, continue: (v) remain, keep, sustain,
incessantly, eternally, steadily, abominable, shameful. carry on, endure, persevere, bide,
endlessly, unremittingly, ANTONYMS: (adj) estimable, proceed, maintain; (adj, v) prolong;
ceaselessly, steadfastly; (adj, adv) admired, deserving, worthy, (n, v) hold. ANTONYMS: (v) end,
always, forever. ANTONYMS: (adv) honorable, respectable, respectful, cease, discontinue, halt, renounce,
inconsistently, intermittently, noble, generous, commendable, hesitate, complete, fail, desist, finish,
acutely, erratically, infrequently good neglect
constructed: (adj) made, formed, contemptuous: (adj) scornful, continued: (adj) extended, continual,
synthetic disdainful, insulting, arrogant, constant, unremitting, serial,
constructing: (adj) building, proud, haughty, derisive, cynical, sequential, unbroken, persistent,
edificant; (n) synthesis sarcastic, disrespectful; (adj, v) nonstop, lasting, incessant.
construction: (n) formation, supercilious. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYM: (adj) discontinued
structure, fabrication, fabric, approving, complimentary, contorted: (adj) crooked, bent,
assembly, organization, frame, deferential, humble, polite, writhed, writhen, deformed,
production, creation, making, respected, admiring distorted, wry, twist, misshapen,
reading. ANTONYMS: (n) contemptuously: (adv) scornfully, perverted, malformed
misconstruction, obliteration, sneeringly, insultingly, contradictory: (adj) inconsistent,
razing, demolition disparagingly, superciliously, incompatible, contrary, opposite,
consult: (v) consider, negotiate, derisively, condescendingly, antagonistic, ironic, repugnant; (adj,
deliberate, advise, refer, discuss, disrespectfully, haughtily, n) discordant, disagreeing; (n)
ask, reason, look up, canvass; (n, v) contumeliously, sardonically. contradiction; (v) contradict.
talk. ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, ANTONYM: (adv) approvingly ANTONYMS: (adj) consistent,
bypass contentedly: (adv) gladly, satisfiedly, similar, compatible, parallel,
consulting: (adj) consultative; (n) contently, gratifiedly, pleasedly, agreeing, corresponding,
consultation; (v) consult cheerfully, joyfully, smugly, easily, confirming, coherent, corroboratory,
consuming: (adj) blazing, complacently, placidly. reconcilable, sound
overwhelming, burning, absorbing, ANTONYMS: (adv) crossly, contrary: (adj, n) contradictory,
corrosive; (v) grating, searching, awkwardly, unhappily, reverse; (adj) adverse, conflicting,
grinding, racking; (n) consumption, discontentedly, sadly unfavorable, perverse, cross,
wasting contention: (n) competition, battle, disobedient, alien, different,
consummation: (n) accomplishment, conflict, argumentation, argument, obstinate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
completion, fulfillment, fruition, discord, assertion, controversy, similar, harmonious, helpful,
performance, execution, climax, allegation, arguing, difference. obliging, compatible, complaisant,
attainment, perfection, end, ANTONYMS: (n) affection, concordant, parallel, agreeable,
realization kindness, friendship, friendliness, cooperative, favorable
consumption: (adj, n) decline; (n) use, agreement, accord, cooperation, contrast: (n) distinction, comparison,
expense, diminution, pulmonary denial antithesis, difference, variation,
tuberculosis, wear and tear, Tb, continual: (adj, adv) constant; (adj) opposite, collation; (adj, v) differ; (v)
ingestion, phthisis, uptake; (v) tabes. ceaseless, incessant, endless, conflict, oppose, collate.
ANTONYMS: (n) conservation, continuous, frequent, everlasting, ANTONYMS: (n) sameness,
preservation, savings uninterrupted, perpetual, likeness, alikeness; (v) accord, agree,
contain: (v) comprehend, include, unrelenting, perennial. compare, distance, conform
accommodate, curb, restrict, carry, ANTONYMS: (adj) sporadic, contrive: (v) plan, invent, design,
bear, admit, restrain, embrace, take. temporary, occasional, finite, concoct, devise, cast, concert,
ANTONYMS: (v) express, vent, inconstant, infrequent, ending, excogitate, frame, formulate; (n, v)
release, omit, lack, except, ceasing, halting, rare, acute manage. ANTONYMS: (v)
encourage, eliminate, unleash, continually: (adv) perpetually, demolish, destroy, ruin, waste,
broaden, free ceaselessly, incessantly, endlessly, wreck, fail
contemplated: (adj) intended, willful unceasingly, continuously, contumacious: (adj) refractory,
contemplation: (n) consideration, persistently, eternally, steadily, recalcitrant, insubordinate,
reflection, thought, attention, frequently; (adj, adv) always. stubborn, obstinate, defiant,
perverse, rebellious, disobedient, corpulent: (adj, adv) portly; (adj) combine, attach, copulate, join, tie,
restive, wayward. ANTONYMS: stout, obese, overweight, fleshy, mate; (adj, n) brace; (n, v) yoke; (n)
(adj) subordinate, tractable plump, lusty, tubby, chubby, beefy, duo. ANTONYMS: (v) separate,
conventional: (adj) orthodox, formal, bulky. ANTONYMS: (adj) slight, unhook, detach, disconnect, divide,
customary, accepted, common, bony, underweight, slender, unbuckle, undo; (n) individual,
everyday, routine, typical, anorexic, thin, slim single
traditional, normal; (adj, v) familiar. corrective: (n) correct, remedy, courage: (n) audacity, fortitude,
ANTONYMS: (adj) radical, unusual, antidote, device, reclamation; (adj) boldness, nerve, spirit, backbone,
relaxed, unorthodox, original, palliative, remedial, penal, valor, heroism, gallantry, mettle,
rebellious, new, abnormal, odd, castigatory, amendatory, healing. chivalry. ANTONYMS: (n)
unique, uncustomary ANTONYMS: (adj) damaging, cowardice, faintheartedness,
conversation: (n) talk, conference, harmful, hurtful, injurious weakness, wimpiness, yellowness
communication, colloquy, corrupt: (adj, v) adulterate, taint, courteous: (adj, v) civil; (adj) affable,
confabulation, discussion, language, infect, rotten, canker; (adj, n, v) attentive, gracious, decorous,
discourse, speech, talking, palaver contaminate, poison; (v) bribe, chivalrous, bland, thoughtful,
convey: (v) communicate, channel, debase, defile; (adj) impure. urbane, mannerly, gentlemanly.
bring, conduct, transfer, fetch, ANTONYMS: (adj) moral, pure, ANTONYMS: (adj) rude, impolite,
express, transmit, bear, transport, principled, ethical, honorable, boorish, insulting, unmannerly,
take. ANTONYMS: (v) keep, wholesome, virtuous, uncorrupt, gruff, improper, vulgar, unhelpful,
maintain, withhold, retain, refrain, truthful; (v) purify; (adj, v) clean neglectful, graceless
hold, absorb, receive corrupting: (adj) noxious, harmful, courtesy: (adj, n) civility,
conviction: (n) belief, confidence, degrading, unwholesome, complaisance; (n) propriety,
certainty, condemnation, corruption, baneful, debasing, chivalry, comity, politeness,
persuasion, faith, trust, certitude, demeaning, humiliating, infectious, gallantry, decency, attention,
firmness, doctrine, determination. injurious breeding, etiquette. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (n) acquittal, doubt, cost: (n, v) price; (n) charge, amount, (n) rudeness, discourtesy,
release, absolution, disbelief, expense, toll, expenditure, payment, unkindness, informality,
justification, insecurity, distrust disbursement, worth, damage, fee impoliteness, disservice,
convince: (v) persuade, convert, costs: (n) expenses, expense, brusqueness, incivility, vulgarity,
sway, reassure, prevail on, induce, expenditure, fee, upkeep, damages, crudeness, neglect
entice, argue, convict, win over; (adj, spending, outlay, cut, financing, cover: (n, v) coat, top, conceal, screen,
v) satisfy. ANTONYMS: (v) disbursement cloak, veil, shield, spread; (v) bury;
discourage, repel cotton: (n) absorbent cotton, yarn, (n) blanket, binding. ANTONYMS:
convinced: (adj, v) sure, positive, thread, cotton cloth, cotton plant, (v) reveal, expose, uncover, exclude,
confident, firm; (v) cocksure, cotton wool, upland cotton, cord, ignore, abandon, strip, free, forget,
persuaded, satisfied, assured, bold; string, fiber; (v) agree omit; (n) exposure
(adj) clear, definite. ANTONYMS: couch: (n) bed, sofa, settee, divan; covered: (adj) veiled, concealed,
(adj) doubtful, unconvinced, (adj, v) lie; (v) express, put, frame, covert, coated, secret, wrapped,
uncertain, cynical lower, repose; (adj) recline thick, obscured, masked, shrouded;
convulsions: (n) convulsion, spasm, coughing: (n) coughs, breathing out (adj, prep) cloaked. ANTONYMS:
epilepsy, eclampsia, mirth count: (v) compute, weigh, consider, (adj) bare, uncovered, open, plain,
convulsive: (adj) spastic, galvanic, estimate, matter; (n, v) calculate, exposed, outdoor, empty
fitful, paroxysmal, violent, choreic, tally, number, total; (n) calculation, covering: (n) cover, coating, blanket,
unsteady, hysterical; (v) unquiet, computation. ANTONYMS: (v) coat, casing, wrapper, case,
restless, saltatory guess, except, estimate, disregard, concealment, awning; (adj, n, v)
convulsively: (adv) spasmodically, dismiss, abandon, ignore, subtract clothing; (n, v) apparel.
paroxysmally, spasticly, with countenance: (n) aspect, expression, ANTONYMS: (prep) exactly,
convulsions brow, complexion; (n, v) face, beneath
cord: (n) band, bond, tie, twine, tape, sanction, support, favor; (v) allow, coward: (n) cur, pantywaist, sneak,
whipcord, thread, yarn, lace, rope, tolerate, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v) dastard, milksop, weakling,
leash reject, oppose, discourage, milquetoast; (adj) gutless,
corner: (n) bend, angle, nook, disapprove, prohibit chickenhearted, pusillanimous,
dilemma, recess, hole, coign, countess: (n) count, noblewoman, chicken-hearted. ANTONYMS: (n)
predicament, niche; (n, v) turn; (adj) peeress, noble daredevil, stalwart; (adj) brave
angular. ANTONYMS: (v) free; (n) countless: (adj) innumerable, cowardice: (n) dastardliness,
solution multitudinous, many, endless, poltroonery, pusillanimity, fear,
corners: (adj) cornered myriad, measureless, uncounted, spirit, cravenness, timidity,
corporal: (adj) bodily, carnal, legion, untold, infinite, incalculable. fearfulness, base fear, cowardship.
physical, animal, somatic, bodied, ANTONYMS: (adj) finite, limited, ANTONYMS: (n) nerve, bravery,
collective, embodied; (adv) fleshly; numbered, counted, countable, daring, determination
(n) noncom, sergeant. ANTONYMS: small cowardly: (adj, adv) dastardly,
(adj) mental, intangible, cerebral couple: (v) connect, associate, scared, shrinking; (adj) timid, afraid,
craven, gutless, sneaky, entity, human, puppet, somebody disconcerted dashed, unhinged,
fainthearted, faint; (adv) recreantly. credit: (n) credence, recognition, frustrated
ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) brave, belief, commendation, appreciation, crossly: (adv) grumpily, grouchily,
daring, bold, courageous; (adj) advance, fame; (v) accredit; (n, v) angrily, petulantly, sullenly,
intrepid, fearless, strong, reputation; (adj, n) worth, merit. peevishly, sulkily, crabbily,
determined; (adv) dauntless, gutsy, ANTONYMS: (n, v) discredit; (n) contrarily, furiously, transversely.
unafraid cash, blame, fault, disrepute, ANTONYMS: (adv) cheerfully,
coxcomb: (n) cockscomb, fop, beau, disgrace, withdrawal; (v) disbelieve, contentedly, pleasantly, calmly,
dandy, exquisite, dude, blood, buck, question, mistrust, distrust lightly
comb, crest, sheik credulous: (adj) gullible, cross-roads: (n) intersection, crossing,
crack: (n, v) chink, fracture, split, unsuspecting, simple, unsuspicious, crossroad
fissure, crevice, burst, snap, breach, unquestioning, green, trusting, crowd: (n, v) huddle, flock, swarm,
clap, check; (n) cleft. ANTONYMS: unwary, innocent, believing, press, squeeze, cluster, mob; (n)
(n, v) mend; (v) set, misunderstand, illogical. ANTONYMS: (adj) crew, collection, circle, army.
misinterpret, fix, compose; (adj) suspicious, wary, disbelieving, ANTONYMS: (v) disperse, empty,
mediocre, lowly, inferior, deficient suspecting, skeptical, cynical, retreat, scatter, desert; (n) dispersal,
cramped: (adj) cramp, limited, close, untrusting, shrewd, rational, smart, scattering, trickle, few
constrained, contracted, crowded, mistrustful crowded: (adj) compact, congested,
narrow, poky, restricted, small, creep: (v) grovel, sneak, steal, fawn, full, packed, busy, dense, populous,
tight. ANTONYMS: (adj) roomy, lurk, truckle, cringe; (n) creeping, jammed, cramped, tight; (adj, n)
open, uncrowded, vast, liberated crawling, toady, sycophant. thronged. ANTONYMS: (adj)
cravat: (n) neckerchief, neckcloth, ANTONYMS: (v) race, dash, hasten, sparse, deserted, uncrowded, loose
stock, ascot, collar, handkerchief, hurry, speed, fly crowding: (n) plough crowding,
scarf, neckwear, necktie, ruff crestfallen: (adj) dejected, gloomy, bunch, jostlement, overcrowding
craving: (n) appetite, addiction, depressed, disconsolate, crown: (n, v) top, cover; (v) cap,
appetence, eagerness, hankering, discouraged, dispirited, downcast, complete; (n) apex, pinnacle, crest,
yen, hunger; (n, v) desire, chopfallen, downhearted, low, summit, peak, kingdom, acme.
appetency; (adj, n) longing; (adj) despondent. ANTONYMS: (adj) up, ANTONYMS: (n) base, bottom; (v)
eager. ANTONYMS: (n) disgust, cheered, cheerful, elated, happy, dishonor, dethrone, begin,
hatred, distaste, repulsion, aversion, euphoric, inspirited, idealistic, commence, start, depose
apathy, disinclination; (adj) enthusiastic crowned: (adj) laureled, fulfilled,
unconcerned, disinterested crime: (n, v) guilt, blame; (n) browbound, incoronate, successful
creak: (v) pipe, screech, twang, injustice, transgression, villainy, cruel: (adj, v) hard, harsh, sharp,
skreigh, resound, jangle, gnash, evil, vice, delinquency, severe; (adj) barbarous, unkind,
confess; (n) creaking; (adv) misdemeanor, wickedness, sin. brutal, bloody, bitter, savage,
creakingly; (adj) ancient ANTONYMS: (n) goodness, atrocious. ANTONYMS: (adj)
create: (v) cause, make, bring about, kindness, virtue, uprightness merciful, gentle, sympathetic,
produce, constitute, form, establish, criminal: (adj, v) wicked, wrong; (n) humane, liberal, compassionate,
generate, build, beget, institute. crook, malefactor, hoodlum, charitable, friendly, caring,
ANTONYMS: (v) terminate, ruin, gangster; (n, v) culprit; (adj, n) considerate, libertarian
demolish, end, disband convict, delinquent; (adj) illegal, cruelty: (n) brutality, cruelness,
created: (adj) create, composed, sinful. ANTONYMS: (adj) oppression, barbarity, ferociousness,
shaped, produced, wrought, legitimate, lawful, honest, righteous, tyranny, violence, atrocity, ferocity,
legendary, mythical, fictitious, bent, right, rightful, good; (n) innocent mercilessness, harshness.
romantic, fashioned crimson: (adj, n) carmine, ruby, ANTONYMS: (n) compassion,
creating: (v) create; (n) making scarlet, maroon; (v) blush, flush, gentleness, friendliness, humanity,
creation: (n) world, production, redden; (adj) bloody, ruddy, cherry; benevolence, sensitivity, liberty,
invention, composition, conception, (n) deep red decency
fabrication, foundation, formation, criticise: (v) comment, criminate, crumpled: (adj) rumpled, crinkly,
founding, piece, creature. chide, berate, reprehend, knock, wrinkled, bent, corrugated, crinkled,
ANTONYMS: (n) end, annihilation reprove, denounce, deplore, disheveled, lined, furrowed, dented,
creative: (adj, v) original, inventive, criticize; (adj) judge damaged
fertile; (adj) imaginative, cross: (adj) crabby, angry, grumpy, crush: (n, v) squeeze, crunch, press;
resourceful, ingenious, originative, grouchy, cantankerous; (v) intersect, (v) beat, break, compress, conquer,
artistic, constructive, untranslated, cover, thwart, baffle; (adj, v) stamp, overpower, squash, bruise.
inspired. ANTONYMS: (adj) traverse; (n) crisscross. ANTONYMS: (v) lose, congratulate,
uncreative, unoriginal, uninspired, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, cheerful, stretch, praise, inspirit, encourage,
untalented, mindless, logical, happy; (v) uncross, assist, separate, compliment, expand, resist, submit,
destructive, stale, unproductive, remain, help, stay, unmix, aid smooth
hackneyed crossed: (adj) crossbred, mixed, crushed: (adj) beaten, subdued, low,
creature: (n) being, brute, animal, hybrid, interbred, decussated, conquered, flattened, dispirited,
tool, individual, person, body, intercrossed; (v) matted, compressed, overwhelmed,
shattered; (v) victimized; (n) peculiarly, unusually, strangely, regular; (n) tabloid, gazette, paper,
crushing. ANTONYMS: (adj) nosily, pryingly, queerly, funnily, dailies; (adv) each day, day by day.
victorious, euphoric weirdly; (adj, adv) singularly, ANTONYMS: (adj) nightly,
crying: (adj, v) exigent, instant, particularly. ANTONYMS: (adv) intermittent, sporadic
pressing, urgent; (adj) insistent, ordinarily, typically damn: (adj, adv, v) bloody; (v) curse,
clamant, imperative, blatant; (n) current: (n) flow, electric current, run; imprecate, beshrew, blaspheme,
weeping; (v) weep; (adj, n) sniveling (adj) contemporary, instant, cuss, slam, convict; (adj) blasted,
crystal: (adj) clear, bright, translucent, fashionable, common, rife, cursed; (n) damnation.
pebble, crag, stone; (n) watch glass, prevalent, present; (n, prep) course. ANTONYMS: (v) bless, laud,
quartz, gem, vitrite; (adj, n) rock. ANTONYMS: (adj) past, obsolete, glorify, exalt, commend, praise
ANTONYMS: (adj) foggy, murky previous, old, dated, antiquated, damnable: (adj) cursed, damned,
cultivated: (adj) cultured, refined, historical, bygone, noncurrent, abominable, hateful, accursed,
tame, educated, sophisticated, antique devilish, infernal, disgusting, sinful,
elegant, urbane, polished, curriculum: (n) program, syllabus, deplorable, offensive. ANTONYMS:
accomplished, civil, polite. course of study, info, information, (adj) commendable, laudable,
ANTONYMS: (adj) wild, untamed, discipline, class, curricula, praiseworthy
uncouth, coarse, graceless programme, prospectus, lessons damned: (adj) accursed, doomed,
culture: (n) breeding, cultivation, curry: (v) rub, dress, comb, wear blasted, condemned, damn, cussed,
acculturation, learning, tillage, down, rub out, prettify, polish, wretched, infernal, hateful,
education, polish, erudition, gnaw, embellish, arrange; (n) goddamned; (adv) damnably.
enlightenment, farming; (adj) pepper ANTONYM: (adj) saved
cultural. ANTONYMS: (n) curse: (n, v) blight, plague; (n) damp: (adj) moist, muggy, clammy,
regression, ignorance, degeneration, anathema, blasphemy, malediction, cool, dank; (v) check, chill, deaden,
inexperience, crudeness, coarseness, denunciation; (adj, v) beshrew; (v) break; (n) moisture, dampness.
uncouthness swear, ban, damn, vituperate. ANTONYMS: (n) dryness; (adj)
cultured: (adj) polite, educated, ANTONYMS: (n) blessing, parched, arid, dried, fresh, hard
learned, genteel, erudite, elegant, benediction, making; (v) dance: (v) caper, bop, to dance,
cultivated, civilized, urbane, communicate cavort, play, skip, to show courage,
scholarly, sophisticated. curses: (n) abuse step; (n, v) hop, jump, shake
ANTONYMS: (adj) ignorant, cursing: (adj) cursed, execrative; (n) danger: (n) risk, peril, hazard, chance,
unsophisticated, primitive, blasphemy, anathema, swearing, jeopardy, threat, trouble,
uneducated, unlearned, uncultured, swear word, malediction, precariousness, slipperiness,
wild, uncouth, regressive, graceless, execration, denunciation, disaster, insecurity. ANTONYMS:
uninformed cursedness; (v) beshrew (n) security, ease, privilege
cunning: (adj) crafty, canny, adroit, custody: (n, v) detention, keep; (n) dare: (n, v) venture; (v) defy, brave,
wily, sly, shrewd, tricky, artful; (n) confinement, charge, captivity, care, hazard, confront, risk, resist, make
craftiness, craft, cleverness. security, protection, hold, storage, bold; (n) adventure, daring,
ANTONYMS: (adj) simple, honest, retention. ANTONYMS: (n) defiance. ANTONYMS: (v) avoid,
stupid, unimaginative, gullible, freedom, liberation, liberty flee, pass, refrain, retreat, obey
ingenuous, straightforward, candid, cutting: (adj) biting, keen, caustic, daresay: (v) assume, deem
sincere; (n) frankness, bitter, acrimonious, incisive, raw; daring: (adj, n) bold, courageous,
straightforwardness (adj, n) acute; (n) cut, slip; (adj, v) adventurous; (adj) audacious,
curb: (n, v) control, limit, bridle; (v) satirical. ANTONYMS: (adj) blunt, venturesome, intrepid; (n) bravery,
restrict, suppress, contain, conquer, complimentary, flattering, kind, audacity, boldness, courage,
restrain, confine; (adv, v) moderate; pleasant, hot, consoling; (n) adventurousness. ANTONYMS: (n)
(n) kerb. ANTONYMS: (v) extension, freedom, expansion, cowardice, timidity; (adj) timid,
encourage, push, help, foster, spur, addition cautious, dull, afraid, chicken,
assist, aid, unbridle, facilitate; (n) cynically: (adv) sarcastically, fearful, unadventurous, wimpy
incentive, encouragement derisively, scornfully, mockingly, dark: (adj) dismal, black, cheerless,
cure: (n, v) correct, medicine, help; (n) doubtfully, contemptuously, obscure, dim, mysterious, murky,
antidote, salve, therapy, treatment; skeptically, suspiciously, negatively, gloomy; (n) evening, night, shadow.
(v) treat, pickle, preserve, restore. incredulously, satirically. ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, sunny,
ANTONYMS: (n) poison; (v) injure, ANTONYMS: (adv) optimistically, fair, sunlit, clear, pallid, pale,
hurt, harm, wound, damage, kindly cheerful, white, versed; (n) day
exacerbate cynicism: (adj, n) mistrust; (n) darkened: (adj) darkens, obscured,
curiosity: (n) curiousness, rarity, suspicion, irony, skepticism, scorn, old, obfuscate, murky, cloudy,
interest, curio, oddity, prying, resentment, pessimism, negative opaque, overcast
nosiness, peculiarity, novelty, attitude, mockery, lack of darkness: (n) dark, shade, shadow,
marvel; (adj, n) prodigy. expectation, doubt. ANTONYMS: blindness, gloom, blackness,
ANTONYMS: (n) emotionlessness, (n) trust, gratification duskiness, murk, cloud, blackout,
indifference, disinterest daily: (adj, n) journal; (adj, adv) every dimness. ANTONYMS: (n)
curiously: (adv) inquisitively, day; (adj, v) diurnal; (adj) everyday, brightness, lightness, glow,
comprehension, knowledge, day, offensiveness, corruption, moderately, thinly, hardly, barely,
clearness immorality, wickedness, lightly
dashed: (v) ashamed, cut up, sunk; unsuitability, unkindness, rudeness, defect: (adj, n) blemish, imperfection,
(adj) broken, done for, dejected, impropriety, badness, nastiness infirmity; (n) flaw, blot,
discouraged, dotted decent: (adj) adequate, appropriate, shortcoming, weakness, deficiency,
daughter: (n) child, son, maiden, becoming, decorous, sufficient, scar, failing, dearth. ANTONYMS:
young woman, daughterly, lass, honest, acceptable, modest, seemly, (n) strength, merit, faultlessness,
unmarried woman, damsel, miss, comely; (adj, adv) right. excellence, capability, enhancement,
missy, virgin ANTONYMS: (adj) immoral, perfection; (v) uphold, remain, join,
daybreak: (adj, n) break of day; (n) inappropriate, disreputable, embrace
sunrise, prime, morning, light, indecent, unsuitable, inadequate, defend: (n, v) guard, shield,
dawning, cockcrow, dayspring, filthy, undressed, unkind, smutty, advocate; (v) justify, protect, assert,
aurora, sunup, daylight. selfish support, maintain, champion,
ANTONYMS: (n) sunset, sundown, decide: (v) choose, adjudicate, apologize, shelter. ANTONYMS: (v)
darkness, eventide, nightfall resolve, conclude, settle, try, judge, prosecute, abandon, endanger,
dead: (adj) lifeless, defunct, cold, arbitrate, decree, arrange; (adj, v) surrender, renounce, oppose,
inanimate, idle, gone, fallen, numb, determine. ANTONYMS: (v) waver, forsake, assault, contradict, destroy,
deceased, vapid; (adv) right. postpone, waffle, vacillate, defer, expose
ANTONYMS: (adj, n) living; (adj) fluctuate, balk, ponder, open, defended: (adj) shielded, secured,
alive, animate, live, spirited, speculate, change watched over, secure, sacred
responsive, working, partial, decided: (adj, v) decisive, absolute, defending: (v) defend; (adj) caring,
operative; (adv) partly, partially unmistakable, distinct, clear, shielding, protective, opposed,
deal: (v) administer, allot, conduct, positive, unequivocal, emphatic; protecting; (n) patrol
truck, distribute, apportion; (n, v) (adj) determined, resolute, deferred: (adj) put off, delayed,
buy, trade, contract; (n) agreement, conclusive. ANTONYMS: (adj) belated, late, later than usual.
arrangement. ANTONYMS: (n) uncertain, hesitant, unsure, ANTONYMS: (adj) hurried,
purchase; (v) misdirect, receive, questionable, indefinite, postponing, hastened, expedited, advanced,
neglect, mishandle, mismanage, doubtful, unresolved, vague, early
take, ignore, hold, gather, disregard flippant, indecisive defile: (adj, v) debauch, pollute, stain,
dear: (adj, adv) close, near; (adj, n) declare: (v) advertise, assert, allege, sully; (v) corrupt, contaminate, foul,
darling; (adj) costly, expensive, attest, aver, admit, acknowledge, taint, tarnish, infect; (n, v) soil.
lovely, precious, affectionate, proclaim, avow; (n, v) affirm, say. ANTONYMS: (v) purify, consecrate,
adorable, cherished; (n) love. ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, revoke, conserve, honor, respect, sanctify,
ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, suppress, retract, repress, disclaim, cleanse, praise
inexpensive, valueless, despised, withhold, request, refute, block defiled: (adj) impure, polluted, dirty,
modest, loathed, hateful, distant; (n) declared: (adj) stated, apparent, state, maculate, debauched, contaminated,
rival, foe, enemy public, professed, proclaimed, corrupt, violated, tainted, abusive,
dearly: (adv) affectionately, explicit, ostensible, expressed, adulterate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
preciously, darlingly, sweetly, petly, confirmed, alleged hallowed, purified, sanctified,
expensively, belovedly, intimately, declaring: (adj) affirming, predicant cleansed, untarnished
highly, heartfeltly, lovely decorations: (n) flags, badges, define: (v) characterize, explain,
debauchery: (n) dissipation, streamers, bunting, insignia, clarify, bound, name, interpret,
depravity, revel, excess, streamer limit, construe, restrict,
dissoluteness, riot, revelry, orgy, deed: (n) accomplishment, act, feat, circumscribe, outline. ANTONYMS:
vice, bacchanal, Bacchanalia. behavior, action, exploit, covenant, (v) obscure, confuse, confound,
ANTONYMS: (n) chastity, doing, document, title, fact. conceal, tangle
uprightness, decency, restraint ANTONYM: (n) failure defined: (adj) definite, settled,
debt: (n) score, debit, loan, liability, deeds: (n) works, activity, actions, accurate, certain, set, exact,
obligation, due, bill, commitment, conduct, background, events, bounded, clearly defined, colonised,
arrears, pocket, hole. ANTONYMS: happenings, performance, activities colonized, conceived. ANTONYMS:
(n) asset, cash, credit deep: (adj) thick, profound, strong, (adj) baggy, undefined, amorphous,
deceived: (adj) mistaken, misguided rich, broad, sound, absorbed, wide, flexible, vague
deceiving: (adj) deceptive, deceitful, abstruse, dark; (adj, v) intense. definition: (n) explanation, account,
cheating, fallacious, dishonest, lying, ANTONYMS: (adj) superficial, high, interpretation, limitation, Abundant
treacherous, imposing, delusive, weak, soft, light, open, frivolous, definition , definiteness, settlement,
sanctimonious, mistaken. lightweight, narrow, resolution, definement, rendering,
ANTONYM: (adj) correct straightforward, simple translation. ANTONYMS: (n)
decency: (n) dignity, modesty, deeply: (adv) strongly, heavily, blurriness, fuzziness, haziness
decorum, kindness, morality, intensely, deep, thickly, highly, degenerate: (adj) corrupt, debauched,
courtesy, correctness, goodness, soundly, greatly, gravely, extremely, depraved, dissolute; (v) decay,
virtue, respectability, propriety. richly. ANTONYMS: (adv) slightly, degrade, relapse, decline, drop, rot;
ANTONYMS: (n) indecency, mildly, unemotionally, fitfully, (adj, n) profligate. ANTONYMS:
(adj) upright, honorable, moral, distraction, rashness ANTONYM: (v) distrust
healthy, virtuous, regenerate; (v) delicacy: (adj, n) weakness, fragility, dependent: (adj) subordinate, subject,
develop, flourish, recuperate, uplift, tidbit; (n) finesse, daintiness, conditional, contingent, addicted,
upgrade delicate, elegance, sensitivity, tributary; (n) charge, adjective,
degenerated: (adj) kinky, shabby, luxury, treat, airiness. ANTONYMS: attendant, follower, slave.
crumbly (n) sturdiness, toughness, durability, ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, free,
degradation: (n) fall, abasement, frankness, inelegance, ruggedness, autonomous, capable
degeneracy, corruption, abjection, vulgarity, tactlessness, insensitivity, depraved: (adj) bad, immoral, base,
debasement, decadence, inaccuracy, clumsiness abandoned, debauched, vicious,
degeneration, humiliation, delight: (n) joy, pleasure, amusement, wicked, degenerate, evil, perverse,
deposition, disgrace. ANTONYMS: rejoicing, gladness; (v) ravish, perverted. ANTONYMS: (adj) good,
(n) elevation, glorification, honor amuse, please, captivate, transport, virtuous, just, chaste, noble, pure,
degrade: (v) cheapen, demean, enrapture. ANTONYMS: (n) misery, righteous, upright, ethical, innocent
corrupt, decrease, dishonor, dismay, dissatisfaction, sadness, depravity: (n) corruption, evil,
disparage; (n, v) disgrace, reduce; nuisance, discontent; (v) depress, degeneracy, depravation,
(adj, n, v) abase; (adj, v) debauch, displease, sadden, irk; (n, v) bore debauchery, degeneration,
lessen. ANTONYMS: (v) honor, delighted: (adj) glad, cheerful, degradation, wickedness, vice,
admire, aggrade, elevate, uplift, blissful, jubilant, happy, overjoyed, turpitude; (adj) demoralization.
worship, respect, promote, praise, joyful, captivated, pleasant; (adj, v) ANTONYMS: (n) honor, justice,
dignify, purify pleased, elated. ANTONYMS: (adj) morality, nobility, purity, restraint,
degree: (n) extent, level, condition, shocked, unhappy, sorrowful, uprightness, virtue, righteousness,
title, rank, academic degree, place, depressed, melancholy, miserable, decency, goodness
caliber, status, stair; (adj, n) order desolate, sorry, sad, down depression: (n) cavity, dejection,
degrees: (n) degree, temperature, delirious: (adj) crazy, wild, frantic, blues, trough, trench, dip, hole,
compass rose, cardinal points wandering, demented, excited, dent, impression, decline, slump.
deign: (v) lower oneself, vouchsafe, insane, mad, frenetic, doting, drunk. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness,
stoop, descend, lower, grant, move, ANTONYMS: (adj) unexcited, outcrop, encouragement, boom,
stoop to, allow, fall, come from rational, composed, relaxed, inflation, elation, recovery, hump,
delay: (adj, v) defer, linger; (n, v) reasonable, balanced, lucid, joy, bulge, optimism
arrest, wait, check, stay; (n) collected, clearheaded, calm, deprive: (v) divest, bereave, despoil,
deferment, interruption; (v) dejected denude, deny, rob, dispossess,
postpone, reserve, adjourn. delirium: (n) craze, insanity, mania, dismantle, starve; (adj, v) abridge,
ANTONYMS: (n, v) rush; (n) disturbance, fever, ecstasy, curtail. ANTONYMS: (v) provide,
decisiveness, promptness; (v) derangement; (adj, n) fury; (adj) present, offer, indulge, give, endow,
advance, hurry, begin, hasten, go, furor, rage, distraction. appropriate, supply, add
expedite, speed, prompt ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, depth: (n) abyss, profoundness,
deliberate: (v) cogitate, consult, dejection profundity, chasm, intensity,
debate, think, confer, contemplate; dentist: (n) dental surgeon, abstruseness, wisdom, extent,
(adj) careful, circumspect, slow, endodontist, exodontist, strength, width; (adj) profound.
thoughtful, calculated. orthodontist, tooth doctor, ANTONYMS: (n) height,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unintentional, toothdrawer superficiality, weakness, tallness,
accidental, hasty, ingenuous, deny: (v) controvert, rebuff, shallowness, narrowness, thinness,
involuntary, spontaneous, rushed, contradict, disavow, gainsay, reject, flippancy
automatic, unwitting, unstudied, oppose, refuse, disown, abnegate, depths: (n) bottom, abyss, depth,
subliminal renounce. ANTONYMS: (v) affirm, lowest point, low point, depression,
deliberately: (adv) consciously, claim, acknowledge, declare, bowels, rock bottom, slump, midst,
intentionally, designedly, maintain, agree, spoil, accept, nadir. ANTONYM: (n) peak
knowingly, carefully, on purpose, accede, allow, argue derision: (n) contempt, mockery,
purposely, willfully, slowly, department: (n) compartment, area, scorn, banter, jeering, disdain, scoff,
premeditatedly, purposefully. class, agency, section, faculty, realm, insult, irony, sport, gibe.
ANTONYMS: (adv) accidentally, arm, part, office, line ANTONYMS: (n) applause, esteem,
involuntarily, furtively, arbitrarily, departure: (n, v) decease, demise; (n) admiration, praise, approval
automatically, naively, secretly, exit, leave, deviation, divergence, derived: (adj) secondary, calculated,
unconsciously, unwittingly, depart, parting, aberration, passing, variant, resulting, resultant,
innocently, covertly takeoff. ANTONYMS: (n) plagiaristic, imitative, derivate,
deliberation: (n) cogitation, counsel, appearance, conformity, greeting, deliberate, copied, calculable
debate, caution, thought, ingress, influx, homecoming, descended: (v) extraught
advisement, attention, regularity, entrance, birth, coming, describe: (v) represent, report,
contemplation, consultation; (adj, n) advance delineate, state, depict, outline,
calculation, circumspection. depend: (adj, v) hang; (v) dangle, relate, draw, qualify, designate,
ANTONYMS: (n) thoughtlessness, count, rely, stay, reckon, confide, name
carelessness, impetuosity, suspend, calculate, attend, pivot. deserted: (adj) desert, solitary, empty,
lonely, isolated, forsaken, lonesome, ignoble. ANTONYMS: (adj) detail: (v) describe, enumerate, relate,
desolate, bleak, vacant; (adj, v) honorable, creditable, praiseworthy, appoint, itemize, recite, cast, assign;
forlorn. ANTONYMS: (adj) worthy, noble, loveable, likable, (n) point, feature, item.
occupied, packed, crowded, laudable, endearing, commendable, ANTONYMS: (v) keep, withhold,
mobbed, populated, populous, lovable generalize, guess, approximate; (n)
overcrowded despise: (v) disdain, loathe, total, sum, emptiness, aggregate
design: (n, v) purpose, aim, scheme, depreciate, abhor, dislike, detest, details: (adj, n) particulars; (n) facts,
sketch, conceive; (n) conception, slight, hate; (n, v) contemn; (n) contents, info, crux of the matter,
drawing, device, idea, arrangement; contempt, deride. ANTONYMS: (v) register, inside information,
(v) contrive. ANTONYMS: (n) respect, love, adore, appreciate, statement; (adj) minutiae, small fry,
chance, fortuity, accident, cherish, like, praise, accept minor details
destruction; (v) improvise despised: (adj) scorned, despicable, detect: (v) find, discover, discern,
desirable: (adj) eligible, suitable, hated, abject, disparaged, mean, notice, observe, spot, see, ascertain,
fitting, worthy, expedient, attaching disgrace, unpopular, trace, identify, distinguish.
appropriate, alluring, charming, unloved, reviled, opprobrious ANTONYMS: (v) Miss, ignore,
covetable, good, fascinating. despising: (n) despisal, contempt, overlook
ANTONYMS: (adj) repulsive, bad, despisement; (adj) disdainful determination: (n) conclusion,
detrimental, disadvantageous, despondently: (adv) sadly, definition, resolution, decisiveness,
disgusting, repugnant, repellant, dejectedly, despairingly, unhappily, resolve, will, tenacity, appointment,
unattractive, unenviable, unwanted, hopelessly, glumly, downheartedly, assessment, constancy; (v) award.
useless sorrowfully, forlornly, ANTONYMS: (n) weakness,
desire: (n) ambition, aspiration, disappointedly, disconsolately. compliance, indecisiveness,
craving, dream; (adv, n, v) will; (n, ANTONYMS: (adv) happily, feebleness, vacillation, irresolution,
v) fancy, wish, aim; (v) want, aspire, hopefully, enthusiastically cowardice, indetermination,
seek. ANTONYMS: (n, v) dislike, destination: (n) goal, aim, address, hesitation, flexibility, rashness
hate; (n) aversion, reality, revulsion, haven, doom, butt, destiny, determined: (adj) constant, definite,
apathy; (v) spurn, abhor, answer, terminus, target, finish, purpose. decided, stubborn, certain,
command, insist ANTONYM: (n) start inflexible, decisive, determinate,
desired: (adj) coveted, desirable, destined: (adj, v) bound, fated; (adj) ambitious, set; (adj, v) resolved.
favorite, wanted, welcome, needed, predetermined, sure, inescapable, ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain,
beloved, required, most wanted; intended, predestined, inevitable, irresolute, unmotivated, feeble,
(adj, v) chosen; (v) consenting prepared, foreordained, appointed. indecisive, waffling, undetermined,
desires: (n) requirements, needs ANTONYMS: (adj) unscheduled, undecided, wavering, vacillating,
desiring: (adj) envious, insatiable, unlikely fickle
desirous, eager; (adv) fleshly destroy: (v) demolish, blight, despoil, develop: (v) advance, bring up,
despair: (n) disappointment, subvert, dismantle, devour, wreck, expand, grow, educate, breed,
desolation, dejection, melancholy, devastate; (adj, v) desolate, abolish; contract, increase, work up,
gloom, desperation, depression, (n, v) murder. ANTONYMS: (v) cultivate, come. ANTONYMS: (v)
dismay, discouragement, preserve, create, make, construct, regress, neglect, erupt, narrow, die,
pessimism, sorrow. ANTONYMS: protect, repair, restore, uphold, struggle, stop, shrivel, shrink,
(n) happiness, hopefulness, sustain, submit, revive lessen, compress
expectation, joy, cheer, cheerfulness, destroyed: (adj) ruined, lost, desolate, developed: (adj) mature, grown,
resilience, elation, joyfulness shattered, desolated, broken, advanced, sophisticated, ripe, grow,
desperate: (adj) despairing, dire, depressed, dead, damaged, undone, distinguished, established,
critical, abject, dangerous, in fallen. ANTONYMS: (adj) educated, improved, full.
despair, grave, awful, despondent, preserved, living ANTONYMS: (adj) unripe,
drastic; (adj, v) forlorn. destruction: (n, v) defeat; (n) death, undeveloped, coarse, incomplete
ANTONYMS: (adj) hopeful, ruin, collapse, demolition, developing: (adj) emergent,
optimistic, rational, promising, devastation, downfall, abolition, underdeveloped, budding, thriving,
minor, cautious, casual, careful, damage, desolation, end. progressive, rising, nascent; (n)
trivial, secure, satisfied ANTONYMS: (n) preservation, processing, growth, evolution; (v)
desperation: (adj, n) despair, fury, protection, creation, reparation, grow
rage; (n) recklessness, foolhardiness, formation, conservation, restoration, devil: (n) fiend, demon, ghost,
desperateness, burst, confusion, building, help, making, order monster, Lucifer, Satan, Beelzebub,
trouble, misery; (adj) raving. detached: (adj) separate, cool, aloof, deuce, daemon; (v) torment, rag.
ANTONYMS: (n) optimism, distinct, impartial, neutral, ANTONYM: (n) angel
confidence, hopefulness, hope, dispassionate, objective, devote: (n, v) apply, destine, give,
happiness, caution, prudence, unconnected, remote, unconcerned. assign, vow; (v) consecrate,
calmness ANTONYMS: (adj) involved, warm, dedicate, commit, appropriate, allot;
despicable: (adj) vile, base, engrossed, partial, connected, (n) devotion. ANTONYMS: (v)
abominable, mean, abject, miserable, biased, linked, united, impassioned, withhold, refuse
dishonorable, filthy, dirty, hateful, interested, personal devoted: (adj, v) addicted, ardent,
fond; (adj) affectionate, constant, difference. ANTONYMS: (n) unfavourable, injurious, inimical,
loyal, pious, faithful, reliable, consistency, uniformity, regularity inopportune, inexpedient.
zealous; (adj, prep) consecrated. dimly: (adv) obscurely, darkly, ANTONYMS: (adj) favorable,
ANTONYMS: (adj) disloyal, faintly, dully, duskily, vaguely, beneficial, helpful, opportune,
indifferent, unfaithful, neglectful, shadowily, hazily, gloomily, desirable
uncaring, unenthusiastic, somberly; (adj, adv) palely. disappear: (v) vanish, melt, fade,
unattached, lukewarm, inconstant, ANTONYMS: (adv) clearly, depart, dematerialize, sink, die out,
halfhearted, disobedient strongly, distinctly pass, go, end, extinguish.
diamond: (n) lozenge, infield, square, dine: (v) feed, lunch, breakfast, ANTONYMS: (v) appear, stay,
rhombus, rectangle, ball field, dining, meal, give, have supper, arrive, show, materialize, grow,
carbonado, baseball diamond; (adj) take tea, grub, consume, entertain. surge, wax, continue, increase
brilliant, jewel, bijou ANTONYM: (v) abstain discharge: (n) dismissal; (adj, v)
dictate: (n, v) command, charge, dingy: (adj) dark, black, drab, dull, acquit, deliver, bounce; (v) clear,
order, decree; (n) bidding, behest, muddy, impure, dim, seedy, dowdy, complete, eject, absolve, cashier; (n,
edict; (v) bid, prescribe, rule, ordain. unclean, grimy. ANTONYMS: (adj) v) drain; (adj, n, v) burst.
ANTONYMS: (v) request, ask, immaculate, spotless, sparkling, ANTONYMS: (v) hire, load, hold,
record; (n, v) obey bright, neat, brilliant, interesting, detain, convict, delegate, charge,
dictated: (adj) set, hard-and-fast, smart assign, enlist, incarcerate; (n)
compulsive; (n) contumely, dining: (n) feeding, eating; (v) eat burdening
blameworthy, abuse dinner: (n) banquet, lunch, dinner discomfiture: (n) embarrassment,
difference: (n) conflict, disagreement, party, meal, party, beanfeast, confusion, perturbation, discomfort,
controversy, contention, distinction, spread; (v) tiffin, dejeuner, bever; discomfit, disconcertion,
discrepancy, dissimilarity, (adj) dinnerly discomposure, humiliation,
divergence, quarrel, discord; (n, v) direct: (v) aim, address, charge, consternation; (adj) rebuff, rout.
change. ANTONYMS: (n) sameness, dictate, head; (n, v) channel, ANTONYMS: (n) contentment,
resemblance, correspondence, command, control; (adj, adv) honor
agreement, concurrence, straight; (adj, v) level; (adj) disconcerted: (adj) confused,
understanding, parity, normality, immediate. ANTONYMS: (adj) confounded, bewildered, blank,
likeness, accord, consistency roundabout, circuitous, oblique, embarrassed, disturbed, troubled,
differently: (adv) variously, sideways, unplanned, devious, worried, ashamed,
otherwise, divergently, dissimilarly, dishonest; (v) request, follow, divert, discombobulated, bemused.
disparately, distinctly, unlikely, get ANTONYMS: (adj) composed,
contrarily, individually, unusually, direction: (n, v) conduct, charge, soothed, unabashed, relaxed
oppositely. ANTONYMS: (adv) management; (n) bearing, guidance, disconsolate: (adj) inconsolable, blue,
alike, correspondingly command, course, instruction, rule, cheerless, melancholy, dejected,
difficulty: (n) trouble, bother, control, address depressed, sad, miserable, dark,
asperity, jam, barrier, difficultness, directly: (adj, adv) immediately, crestfallen, gloomy. ANTONYMS:
fix, hardship; (n, v) hindrance, forthwith; (adv) instantly, frankly, (adj) happy, joyous, euphoric,
obstacle; (adj, n) strait. bluntly, personally, straightly, consolable, enthusiastic
ANTONYMS: (n) simplicity, straightforwardly, at once, discontent: (n) disapproval,
advantage, help, assurance, easiness, outspokenly, sincerely. discontentment, disaffection,
accommodation, effortlessness, ANTONYMS: (adv) obliquely, later, displeasure, disappointment,
gentleness, reassurance, agreement, ambiguously, equivocally, discontentedness, unrest; (adj)
resolution subsequently, hesitantly, eventually, melancholy, dissatisfied,
dignified: (adj) exalted, majestic, distantly, whenever, wrong, disgruntled, discontented.
noble, grand, lofty, respectable, untruthfully ANTONYMS: (n) contentment,
solemn, distinguished, lordly, high; director: (n, v) conductor; (n) pleasure, accord, happiness; (v)
(adj, v) great. ANTONYMS: (adj) manager, administrator, boss, chief, content; (adj, n) happy; (adj)
undignified, foolish, dishonorable, superintendent, chairman, leader, contented
boisterous, unceremonious, supervisor, master, head. discover: (v) discern, disclose,
unseemly, vulgar, poor, lowly, ANTONYM: (n) inferior ascertain, find, perceive, catch,
modest, base dirty: (adj, v) muddy, dirt; (v) expose, hear, determine, sense,
dignity: (n) degree, prestige, glory, corrupt, contaminate; (n, v) soil, detect. ANTONYMS: (v) overlook,
decorum, face, distinction, honor, defile; (adj) contemptible, bawdy, ignore, disregard, confuse, conceal,
majesty, eminence, solemnity; (adj, contaminated, dingy, impure. lose
n) decency. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) spotless, discovered: (adj) revealed, disclosed,
lowliness, indecency, impropriety, hygienic, pure, immaculate, exposed, naked, detected,
simplicity, cheerfulness, austerity sanitary, pleasant, sparkling, fair, determined, observed, open,
digression: (n, v) deviation, wholesome, washed; (v) purify unconcealed, bare. ANTONYM:
diversion; (n) departure, aside, disadvantageous: (adj) adverse, (adj) concealed
excursion, divagation, aberrance, harmful, damaging, unfavorable, discussion: (n) argument, conference,
deflection, deflexion, divergence, inconvenient, prejudicial, discourse, debate, conversation,
controversy, consultation, dialogue, appealingly, pleasantly derange, confuse, perturb.
talk, deliberation, consideration. dish: (n) basin, disk, plate, meal, ANTONYMS: (n, v) order; (n)
ANTONYMS: (n) quiet, silence platter, food, saucer, beauty, meat, orderliness, calm, peace, tranquility,
disdainful: (adj) supercilious, repast; (n, v) hollow health; (v) organize, align, arrange,
haughty, scornful, arrogant, proud, dishevelled: (adj) untidy, tousled, systematize, neaten
cavalier, derogatory, lordly, messy, blowzy, rough, frowsy, disordered: (adj) chaotic, upset, sick,
condescending, derisive, sneering. frowzy, unkempt, sloppy, slovenly; disorganized, broken, incoherent,
ANTONYMS: (adj) respectful, (v) bedraggled deranged, messy, disjointed,
admiring, humble, approving, dishonest: (adj) crooked, corrupt, disconnected, ill. ANTONYMS: (adj)
warm, reverential, praising, crafty, underhand, fraudulent, neat, ordered, organized, arranged,
deferential deceptive, wrong, disloyal, quiet, regulated, systematic,
disdainfully: (adv) contemptuously, untruthful, unscrupulous, shifty. systematized, straightforward, tidy
superciliously, haughtily, proudly, ANTONYMS: (adj) truthful, display: (n, v) exhibit, parade, array,
cavalierly, derogatorily, principled, sincere, sporting, scene; (v) disclose, produce, expose,
contumeliously, sneeringly, aboveboard, straightforward, flaunt; (n) presentation, appearance,
arrogantly, insultingly, trustworthy, open, moral, fair, legal screen. ANTONYMS: (v) conceal,
condescendingly. ANTONYMS: dishonour: (v) discredit, disgrace, hide, cover, mask, disguise,
(adv) humbly, hopefully attaint, shame, degrade, desecrate, camouflage, fold, absorb; (n) hiding,
disease: (n, v) ailment; (n) illness, violate, rape, outrage; (n) stigma, understatement, modesty
sickness, condition, complaint, opprobrium dispose: (n, v) incline, order,
affection, ill, disorder, affliction, disintegration: (n) decomposition, influence; (v) adjust, predispose,
bug; (adj, n) infirmity. ANTONYM: decay, breakdown, annihilation, position, place, lead, tend; (n) bias,
(n) health breakup, dissolution, decline, array. ANTONYMS: (v) disturb,
diseased: (adj) bad, ailing, sickly, dissipation, demolition, disqualify, displace, disorder,
unsound, sick, ill, unhealthy, putrefaction; (adj) comminution disincline, disarrange
pathological, infected, dislike: (n) disapproval, disaffection, disposition: (n) attitude, character,
unwholesome, infirm. ANTONYMS: antipathy, disdain, disfavor, disposal, tendency, predisposition,
(adj) well, fit revulsion; (n, v) hate, disinclination, inclination, propensity, bias,
disgrace: (adj, n, v) dishonor; (n, v) aversion, distaste; (v) detest. arrangement, direction, aptitude
discredit, shame, stain, blemish, ANTONYMS: (n) liking, fondness, disproportionate: (adj)
blot, slur, reproach; (v) degrade, taste, attraction, enjoyment, incommensurate, unequal, uneven,
debase; (n) degradation. preference, longing; (v) like, enjoy, undue, unsymmetrical, excessive,
ANTONYMS: (n, v) respect, esteem, approve, adore lopsided, insufficient, inordinate,
credit; (v) glorify, dignify, praise; (n) disliked: (adj) hated, detested, unfair; (v) disproportionated.
merit, grace, pride, rise, worthiness averse, lousy, loath, undesirable, ANTONYMS: (adj) equal,
disguising: (n) cover-up companionless. ANTONYMS: (adj) proportionate, commensurate, even,
disgust: (n) antipathy, aversion, popular, liked balanced, fair, moderate,
abhorrence, abomination, disliking: (adj) averse, disinclined; corresponding
detestation, dislike, repugnance; (n, (n) aversion, disfavor, dispute: (adj, n, v) quarrel, debate,
v) shock, distaste; (v) nauseate, dissatisfaction, disinclination, question; (n) conflict, difference; (n,
displease. ANTONYMS: (n, v) displeasure, distaste v) argue, wrangle, row, fight,
delight; (n) love, attraction, liking, dismay: (adj, n, v) appall; (v) depress, squabble; (v) discuss. ANTONYMS:
adoration; (v) attract, allure, charm, dishearten, discourage, horrify; (n) (n) agreement, understanding,
entice, please consternation, discouragement; (n, accord, concord; (v) surrender,
disgusted: (adj) fed up, ill, weary, v) daunt, affright; (adj, n) terror, concede, concur, confess, support,
sickened, nauseated, queasy, dread. ANTONYMS: (n, v) delight; accept
indisposed, demented, shocked, (v) stimulate, assure, ensure, disputing: (adj) opposed; (v)
crazy, horrified. ANTONYMS: (adj) encourage, elate; (n) spirit, disputant
attracted, happy, pleased satisfaction, mettle, resolution, disrespectful: (adj) impertinent,
disgusting: (adj) abominable, assurance insolent, impolite, impious,
loathsome, odious, nasty, execrable, dismiss: (v) cashier, disband, cast, irreverent, contemptuous,
distasteful, disgustful, offensive, discard, brush aside, can, bounce, sacrilegious, audacious, uncivil,
foul, disagreeable, obscene. cast off, cease, dispatch; (n, v) drop. rude, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, ANTONYMS: (v) employ, welcome, deferential, gracious, reverent,
appealing, delightful, tasty, signal, remember, recall, mobilize, courteous, mannered, mannerly,
pleasing, edible, charming, maintain, keep, hold, engage, pious, polite
appetizing, laudable, lovable, nice contract dissipation: (n) waste, dissolution,
disgustingly: (adv) distastefully, dismissed: (adj) discharged, licentiousness, extravagance, excess,
nauseatingly, sickeningly, foully, unemployed, clear, convalescent profligacy, consumption,
loathsomely, repulsively, vilely, disorder: (n, v) ailment, disarray, decomposition, disintegration; (n, v)
offensively, repellently, nastily, disease, jumble, muddle; (n) clutter, diffusion, dissemination.
grossly. ANTONYMS: (adv) disturbance, disarrangement; (v) ANTONYMS: (n) appearance,
growth, restraint, moderation, distracted: (adj) demented, prohibition
decency, uprightness inattentive, abstracted, crazy, doom: (n, v) sentence, destine, fate;
distance: (n, v) remove; (n) space, frenzied, distraught, preoccupied, (v) condemn, convict, damn; (n)
way, gap, aloofness, interval, distressed, confused; (adj, v) mad, destiny, day of reckoning, chance,
altitude, measure, mileage; (adj, n) disconcerted. ANTONYMS: (adj) luck, lot. ANTONYMS: (n) plan; (v)
length; (v) dissociate. ANTONYMS: attentive, alert, assured, calm, absolve
(v) associate, attach, involve; (n) mellow doorway: (n) door, entrance, entry,
proximity, nearness, intimacy, distraction: (adj, n) desperation, passage, entryway, way in, access,
closeness, warmth, bias, lovingness raving; (n) beguilement, pastime, driveway, gate, gateway, lobby
distant: (adj) remote, aloof, chill, diversion, confusion, entertainment, double: (adj, n) twin; (adj) dual,
detached, far, reserved, cool, long, disturbance, daze, recreation; (adj) duple, twofold; (v) fold, bend,
icy, removed; (adv) afar. madness. ANTONYMS: (n) geminate; (adj, v) reduplicate; (n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) close, fascination, attentiveness, attention, substitute, mate, image.
neighboring, adjacent, friendly, noninterference, calmness, ANTONYMS: (adj, n) single; (v)
near, nearby, warm, pending, concentration decrease, divide, halve; (adj)
intimate, involved, alert distrust: (n, v) mistrust, discredit; (n) multivalent, univalent, lone
distinction: (n) discrimination, suspicion, misgiving, disbelief, doubt: (n, v) suspicion, question,
contrast, difference, rank, uncertainty, hesitation; (v) suspect, query, dispute; (n) disbelief,
dissimilarity, demarcation, prestige, disbelieve, question; (adj) misgiving, incertitude,
celebrity, reputation, consequence, distrustful. ANTONYMS: (n) apprehension, uncertainty; (adj, n)
variation. ANTONYMS: (n) confidence, faith, trustingness, skepticism; (v) suspect.
mediocrity, resemblance, likeness, certainty, belief, optimism; (v) ANTONYMS: (n) certainty,
indistinction, insult, disgrace, believe, entrust, depend, confide confidence, conclusiveness, belief,
commonness, obscurity disturb: (v) trouble, disorder, certitude, faith, approval; (v) accept,
distinctly: (adv) clearly, particularly, disconcert, distress, perturb, believe, consider, swallow
evidently, expressly, obviously, disquiet, distract, discompose, doubted: (adj) distrusted, suspected
markedly, definitely, precisely, disrupt, upset, concern. doubtful: (adj) dubious, debatable,
manifestly, separately, decidedly. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, please, distrustful, questionable, queer,
ANTONYMS: (adv) inaudibly, soothe, smooth, order, reassure, sort, suspicious, tentative, disputable,
faintly, vaguely, silently, settle, respect, quiet, organize diffident, unsettled, unsure.
imperceptibly, poorly divorce: (v) detach, disunite, ANTONYMS: (adj) trusting,
distinguish: (v) discriminate, separate, break up, divide, isolate, convinced, reliable, confident,
perceive, know, describe, make out, disjoin, disjoint; (n) separation, persuaded, provable, sure, hopeful,
discover, descry, behold, identify, divorcement; (n, v) rupture. promising, likely, indubitable
recognize, separate. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) wedding, union; doubtlessly: (adj) doubtless; (adv)
(v) mistake, confound, ignore, Miss, (v) unite, associate, espouse, join, undoubtedly, unquestionably,
unite, demean marry positively, definitely, easily,
distinguished: (adj) dignified, divorced: (adj) unmarried, single, evidently, likely, presumably, truly
celebrated, illustrious, renowned, separate; (adv) apart. ANTONYM: doubts: (adj) doubting
conspicuous, important, reputable, (adj) together downstairs: (adv) beneath, below,
great, noble, high, well-known. doctor: (v) cure, mend, repair, underneath, down the stairs,
ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, remedy, attend, adulterate, fix, heal; downward, infra, at a lower place,
insignificant, undignified, Standard, (n) doc, Dr; (adj) doctorly. downhill, on a lower floor; (adj)
pedestrian, low, common, coarse, ANTONYMS: (v) purify, clean, downstair; (n) floor. ANTONYMS:
base, undistinguished, modest distill, harm, hurt, injure, wound (adj, adv) upstairs
distort: (adv, v) falsify, pervert; (v) doll: (n) baby, chick, figurine, girl, downwards: (adv) down, downhill,
contort, wring, bend, disfigure, dolly, dummy, marionette, toy, downwardly. ANTONYM: (adv) up
twist, buckle, misrepresent, mangle, blockhead-board, bird, dame dozen: (adj, n) XII; (n) dozens,
mutilate. ANTONYMS: (v) untwist, dominating: (adj) autocratic, bossy, boxcars
straighten, correct, interpret, right, ascendant, ascendent, high, drag: (v) attract, draw, lug, cart,
clarify, smooth inextinguishable, unquenchable, heave, tow; (n, v) pull, puff; (adv, v)
distorted: (adj) deformed, contorted, domineering, predominant, trail; (n) bother; (adj) dragging.
twisted, misshapen, perverted, wry, dominant, chief ANTONYMS: (n) pleasure; (v)
bent, misrepresented, malformed, domineering: (adj) dictatorial, hasten, hurry, shove, speed, rush,
distort; (adj, adv) awry. overbearing, autocratic, arbitrary, propel, fly
ANTONYMS: (adj) unchanged, dominant, lordly, imperious, drain: (v) deplete, bleed, leak,
distinct, balanced, perfect commanding, masterful, bossy, consume; (adj, v) waste, exhaust,
distract: (adj, v) confuse, bewilder; (v) authoritative. ANTONYMS: (adj) spill; (n) culvert, dike; (adj) cloaca,
disorder, ail, disturb, deflect, craze, subservient, yielding, meek, dissipate. ANTONYMS: (v) fill,
disquiet, molest, annoy, agitate. surrendering, weak, libertarian, replenish, renew, supply, replace,
ANTONYMS: (v) center, explain, reasonable refresh, increase, conserve, enrich,
concentrate, clarify don't: (adv) not; (n) taboo, invigorate; (n) ridge
drank: (v) absorb pleasant, exotic asphyxiate; (adj, n, v) sink.
draw: (n, v) drag, pull, delineate, tie, drenched: (adj) saturated, soaked, ANTONYMS: (v) float, swim,
design, puff; (v) depict, describe, soaking, damp, soppy, wet through, amplify, dry
derive, bring; (n) attraction. sodden, sopping, wringing wet, drowning: (n) masking, demersion
ANTONYMS: (v) repel, deposit, soaked to the skin, dripping wet drowsy: (adj, n) sleepy; (adj) lazy,
shove, shorten, thrust, cut, curtail, dress: (n, v) attire, costume, clothe, comatose, somnolent, slow,
contract, alienate; (n) repulsion, win apparel, clothing, array, trim, garb, lethargic, sluggish, dull, indolent,
drawer: (n) draftsman, drawers, till, rig, cover; (n) dressing. soporific, listless. ANTONYMS:
designer, box car, cartoonist, ANTONYMS: (n, v) undress; (v) (adj) energetic, awake, lively,
commode, engraver, chest, case, uncover, disrobe, rumple, strip, vigorous, vivacious, refreshed
locker wrinkle drubbing: (n) debacle, defeat,
drawing: (n) draft, delineation, dressed: (adj) attired, clad, garbed, walloping, slaughter, thrashing,
picture, plan, cartoon, depiction, appareled, spruced up, spiffed up, flogging, whipping, discomfiture,
draught, draw, draftsmanship, covered, polished, garmented; (v) rout, hiding, licking
painting, image clothed, habited drunk: (adj) tipsy, wet, tight, blotto,
drawn: (adj) careworn, worn, drew, dressing: (n) bandage, stuffing, drunken, inebriated; (adj, n)
pinched, gaunt, taut, tired, fertilization, binding, bandaging, inebriate; (n) boozer, dipsomaniac,
cadaverous, thin, tense, withdraw. scolding, fertilizer, manure, drunkard, drinker. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (adj) rested, robust, compress, preparation, farce (adj) straight, clearheaded; (n)
refreshed, hale, fresh, vigorous, drew: (n) move, John Drew teetotaler
carefree drink: (n, v) beverage, draught, drunkard: (n) alcoholic, drinker,
dread: (n, v) apprehension, fear, swallow; (n) alcohol, brew, potion, boozer, dipsomaniac, rummy,
panic; (n) anxiety, awe, intoxicant; (v) booze, carouse, bib, inebriate, toper, sot, bibber, lush,
consternation, alarm, trepidation, swig. ANTONYMS: (v) regurgitate, imbiber
dismay, foreboding, terror. sip, abstain drunken: (adj) boozy, sottish,
ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasing, drinking: (n) consumption, ingestion, intoxicated, tipsy, tight, bibulous,
welcomed, pleasant; (v) welcome, intake, potation, drunkenness, groggy, intemperate, blotto, canned,
want; (n) reassurance, fearlessness, crapulence, boozing, drinkable, pissed
confidence, security, ease, calm uptake, intemperateness, booze duel: (v) combat, duello, contest,
dreadful: (adj) bad, awful, alarming, drive: (n, v) ride, push, force, buck, repel, resist; (n, v) fight, tilt;
atrocious, fearful, terrible, crusade, urge, thrust, campaign, (n) affaire d'honneur, monomachy,
abominable, appalling, direful, cause; (v) compel, chase, actuate. prize fight
grisly; (adj, v) dread. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, inertia, dull: (adj) dreary, dense, sluggish,
(adj) wonderful, great, lovely, lethargy, walk, indifference; (v) dismal, slack, torpid; (adj, v) blunt,
fantastic, marvelous, admirable, discourage, repress, stop, prevent, stupid; (v) deaden, dampen; (adj, n)
successful, nice, joyous, honorable, inhibit, dissuade cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) lively,
fair driver: (n) drive, carter, chauffeur, sharp, stimulating, exciting,
dream: (n) aspiration, ambition, conductor, device driver, cabman, lustrous, interesting, exhilarating,
reverie, desire, fantasy, figment, drayman, teamster, wagoner, varied, glossy, glittery, luminous
nightmare; (n, v) vision, sleep; (v) charioteer, Jehu. ANTONYM: (n) dusk: (n) nightfall, twilight, darkness,
muse, imagine. ANTONYMS: (n) nondriver gloaming, sunset, gloom, night,
alertness, nightmare driving: (adj) energetic, impulsive, shade, shadow, sundown; (adj)
dreamer: (n) romancer, visionary, enterprising, pushing, vigorous; (n) dusky. ANTONYMS: (n) dawn,
daydreamer, woolgatherer, seer, drive, travel, drove, direction, light, daybreak, morning, afternoon
sleeper, slumberer, illusionist, motoring, push. ANTONYMS: (adj) dust: (v) sprinkle, clean, spray, wipe,
logician, philosopher, escapist lethargic, weak, light spread; (n) dirt, earth, relics, grit,
dreaming: (n) reverie, ambition, drop: (n, v) decline, dribble, deposit, remains, soil. ANTONYMS: (n)
nightmare, conception, castle in the decrease, jump, ebb; (adj, n, v) newness; (v) dirty
air; (adj) absent-minded, asleep, collapse; (v) droop, sink, cast, drip. duties: (n) service, occupation, place,
visionary, vacant, wistful, rapt ANTONYMS: (n, v) increase; (v) lift, work, vocation, charge, diversion,
drearily: (adv) dismally, sadly, dully, pour, sharpen, raise, recuperate; (n) activities, avocation, registration fee
melancholy, tediously, boringly, growth, mass, lot, upswing, duty: (n) function, commitment,
bleakly, grimly, gloomily, elevation obligation, chore, assignment, office,
uninterestingly, monotonously. dropped: (adj) dropping, fallen, dues, job, responsibility, must; (n, v)
ANTONYMS: (adv) interestingly, decreased, drop, fall, degraded, charge. ANTONYMS: (n)
cheerfully dead, born, abandoned disobedience, option
dreary: (adj) depressing, drab, dull, drove: (adj, n) flock, swarm, shoal; (n) dwarf: (adj, n) midget, miniature; (n)
cheerless, drear, miserable, gloomy, horde, crowd, covey, mob, throng, gnome, fairy, brownie, manikin,
dark, dismal, stuffy, disconsolate. multitude; (adj) bevy, driven pygmy; (v) overshadow; (adj) little,
ANTONYMS: (adj) interesting, drown: (v) drench, submerge, runt, baby. ANTONYMS: (adj) large,
cheerful, sunny, brilliant, lively, overwhelm, choke, engulf, flood, big, huge; (v) maximize
light, exciting, clear, cheery, swamp, inundate, suffocate, dying: (n) death, demise, decease,
mortality; (adj) vanishing, familiar, graceful, at ease, light, boaster, blowhard, introvert,
moribund, last, final, ultimate, lenient, clear, contented, cozy; (adj, vaunter, swellhead, subjectivist,
failing, ebbing. ANTONYMS: (adj) adv) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) exhibitionist; (adj) monopolist,
thriving, well, opening, aborning, arduous, laborious, demanding, nepotist
developing, flourishing, growing, hard, strenuous, particular, eight: (n) eighter, eleven, nine, ten,
reviving, rejuvenating; (n) birth burdensome, tough, uneasy, team, queen, ogdoad, octonary,
eagerly: (adv) zealously, readily, awkward, testing octet, ace, octad
keenly, fervently, avidly, greedily, eating: (n) ingestion, intake, feeding, eighty: (n) four score
enthusiastically, intently, earnestly, browsing, banqueting, food, ejaculate: (v) discharge, cry, exclaim,
impatiently, actively. ANTONYMS: lunching, supping, pica, repletion; blunder out, blurt out, come,
(adv) apathetically, nonchalantly, (v) eat verbalize, jaculate, speak, rap out,
grudgingly, patiently, halfheartedly, eccentric: (adj, n) odd; (adj) wacky, excrete
reluctantly, unenthusiastically bizarre, abnormal, crazy, strange, elderly: (adj) old, elder, senior, older,
earlier: (adj) past, former, previous, outlandish, anomalous, cranky, antiquated, geriatric; (adv)
advance, preceding; (adj, adv) erratic; (n) character. ANTONYMS: superiorly, bigly, eldestly, anciently,
antecedent; (adv) formerly, (adj) normal, ordinary, adultly. ANTONYMS: (adj)
beforehand, ahead, anterior, before conventional, usual, concentric, immature, youthful
now. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) later; common, sane, dull, orthodox; (n) elegantly: (adv) exquisitely,
(adj) subsequent, present, following; conformer, traditionalist tastefully, genteelly, neatly,
(adv) subsequently, afterward eccentricity: (n) abnormality, delicately, handsomely, finely,
earnest: (adj, v) devout; (adj) eager, idiosyncrasy, oddness, peculiarity, stylishly, refinedly, polishedly,
solemn, heartfelt, diligent, studious, anomaly, crankiness, irregularity, beautifully. ANTONYMS: (adv)
sincere, intense, ardent, staid; (n) quirk, strangeness, weirdness, coarsely, clumsily, tastelessly,
guarantee. ANTONYMS: (adj) curiousness. ANTONYMS: (n) untidily, awkwardly, vigorously
flippant, halfhearted, uncertain, usualness, normalcy, element: (n) ingredient, constituent,
insincere, unimportant, nonchalant, conventionality, concentricity, substance, factor, basis,
lethargic, apathetic, unenthusiastic, conformity fundamental, matter, feature,
indifferent, frivolous edifice: (n) building, structure, house, foundation, chemical element, origin
earning: (n) proceeds; (v) get hall, fabric, aviary, bagnio, elements: (n) rudiments, grammar,
ears: (n) antenna bathhouse, abattoir, bawdyhouse, outlines, fundamentals, basics,
earth: (n) world, dust, ground, land, clubhouse weather, ABC, atmospheric
lair, dry land, terra firma, clay, edifying: (adj) enlightening, didactic, condition, contents, principia
creation, ball, country instructive, educational, elevate: (v) advance, lift, hoist, erect,
earthly: (adj, n) terrestrial; (adj) advantageous, rewarding, exalt, boost, rear, cheer, promote,
carnal, worldly, conceivable, benignant, improving, profitable, dignify, uphold. ANTONYMS: (v)
human, geotic, secular, terrene, illuminating, helpful. ANTONYM: demote, drop, downgrade, depress,
temporal, telluric, sublunary. (adj) unedifying decrease, reduce
ANTONYMS: (adj) spiritual, divine, educate: (v) instruct, civilize, train, elevation: (n) height, highness,
ethereal, immortal, impossible, cultivate, coach, bring up, drill, exaltation, ascent, climb, hill,
improbable, inconceivable, celestial discipline, breed, rear, nurture aggrandizement, raise, El, Alt,
earthquake: (n) tremor, shock, quake, educated: (adj, v) erudite, lettered; stature. ANTONYMS: (n)
temblor, cataclysm, upheaval, (adj) learned, enlightened, trained, degradation, descent, levelness,
seaquake, avalanche; (adj) refined, informed, taught, depression, downgrading,
thunderstorm, volcano, seismic cultivated, intellectual; (v) demotion, drop, depth
ease: (v) alleviate, assuage, relieve, instructed. ANTONYMS: (adj) eleven: (adj, n) xi; (n) eight, squad,
allay; (n) convenience, rest, leisure, uneducated, ignorant, naive, football team, team
relief, satisfaction; (adj, v) facilitate; illiterate, uncouth, uninformed, elicited: (adj) evoked, elicit
(n, v) relax. ANTONYMS: (n) unlearned, wild embarrass: (v) baffle, bother,
discomfort, formality, effectually: (adv) efficaciously, confound, hinder, disconcert, block,
awkwardness, worry, toil, problem, effectively, validly, adequately, complicate, impede, discomfit; (adj,
pain, maladroitness; (v) aggravate, potently, tellingly, strongly, v) bewilder, encumber.
worsen, impede decisively; (adj) nicely, fully, head ANTONYMS: (v) comfort, please,
easily: (adv) lightly, smoothly, and shoulders. ANTONYM: (adv) soothe, relieve
facilely, fluently, readily, plainly, ineffectually embarrassed: (adj) awkward,
comfortably, uncomplicatedly, effort: (n) exertion, trouble, abashed, uncomfortable,
calmly, slowly, conveniently. application, trial, try, endeavor, disconcerted, bashful, sheepish, shy,
ANTONYMS: (adv) hardly, struggle, drive, diligence, bid, great shamefaced, mortified, discomfited,
unquestionably, laboriously, effort. ANTONYMS: (n) inaction, chagrined. ANTONYMS: (adj)
difficultly, barely, arduously, lackadaisicalness, laziness, relaxed, unabashed, natural,
affectedly, inconveniently, seriously, negligence, lethargy talkative
formally efforts: (n) pains embarrassing: (adj) cumbersome,
easy: (adj) convenient, gentle, egoist: (adj, n) egotist; (n) braggart, sticky, inconvenient, disconcerting,
difficult, shameful, humiliating, ended: (adj) concluded, finished, engineering: (n) mechanism, applied
unpleasant, perplexing, clumsy; (v) over, done, completed, closed, science, engine room, biotechnology,
embarrass. ANTONYMS: (adj) through, terminated, consummate, bioengineering, mechanical
shameless, convenient, honorable, all over; (adj, v) past engineering, technics, technique,
impressive, reassuring, wonderful endowed: (adj) gifted, clever, cute, electrical engineering, EE; (adj, n)
embarrassment: (n) abashment, felicitous, competent, blessed, manufacturing
difficulty, quandary, discomfiture, artistic, brilliant, ingenious, talented, enjoyment: (n) delight, appreciation,
humiliation, bewilderment, qualitied gratification, comfort, relish,
mortification, uneasiness, shame; (n, ends: (n) tops, crook, band, bend, satisfaction, happiness, delectation,
v) distress; (adj, n) dilemma. bind, limits, clippings, curve, gusto, amusement, diversion.
ANTONYMS: (n) confidence, honor, trimmings, boundaries ANTONYMS: (n) dislike,
pride, shortage endurance: (adj, n) sufferance; (n) abhorrence, antipathy, apathy,
embittered: (adj) bitter, disillusioned, stamina, tolerance, courage, aversion, discomfort, displeasure,
sour, indignant, disappointed, permanence, continuance, energy, dissatisfaction, misery, repulsion,
crestfallen, dissatisfied, frustrated, fortitude, tenacity, duration, sorrow
disenchanted; (v) resent. toughness. ANTONYMS: (n) enlightened: (adj) liberal,
ANTONYM: (adj) idealistic weakness, inconsistency, disillusioned, progressive, cultured,
embrace: (v) comprise, adopt, impatience, frailty, discontinuation, aware, informed, learned, lettered;
comprehend, contain, admit, discontinuance, death (adj, v) wise; (n, v) savant; (v)
espouse, include; (n, v) clasp, hug, endure: (adj, n, v) continue, support; shrewd. ANTONYMS: (adj)
grip, bosom. ANTONYMS: (v) (n, v) bear, suffer, stand, be; (v) puzzled, unenlightened,
reject, exclude, spurn, shun, accept, undergo, allow, stay, uninformed, confounded, confused,
renounce, release, loose, disbelieve tolerate. ANTONYMS: (v) perish, ignorant, perplexed, wild,
embraced: (adj) popular die, break, fall, discontinue, reactionary, traditional; (n)
emergency: (n) exigency, accident, crumble, end, enjoy, resign, quit, uninitiate
need, pinch, casualty, disaster; (adj) collapse ennui: (n) fatigue, tedium, weariness,
extra, extraordinary, provisional, enduring: (adj) durable, abiding, melancholy, monotony, tediousness,
temporary; (adj, n) contingency lasting, permanent, continuing, dissatisfaction, listlessness, apathy;
emotion: (n) love, feeling, passion, constant, hardy, immortal, eternal, (v) bore, pall. ANTONYMS: (n)
heart, commotion, mood, pathos, stable; (adv) enduringly. variation, liveliness, enthusiasm,
excitement, sensibility; (n, v) ANTONYMS: (adj) impatient, energy, interest
sensation; (v) impression. transient, fleeting, mortal, modern, enormous: (adj) huge, big, colossal,
ANTONYMS: (n) detachment, insubstantial, inconstant, fickle, vast, prodigious, excessive,
coldness, unfeelingness, calmness erratic, unstable exorbitant, great, large, tremendous,
emotions: (n) reputation, emotion, enemy: (n) antagonist, opponent, foe, stupendous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
feeling, temperament, personality, opposition, competitor, enmity, small, minute, insignificant,
character, disposition, breast, bosom assailant, foeman, hostile, besieger; miniature, measly, diminutive,
emphasis: (n) stress, accentuation, (adj, n) rival. ANTONYMS: (n) ally, affordable, little, slim, ordinary,
importance, prominence, import, friend, supporter, benefactor, minor
vehemence, weight, intensity, defender, fan enter: (v) enroll, embark, chronicle,
significance, force, power energy: (adj, n) animation, dash, life, book, record, input, arrive, come,
emphatically: (adv) decidedly, spirit; (n) force, drive, effort, pierce, register, penetrate.
definitely, positively, categorically, determination, might, vitality, vigor. ANTONYMS: (v) depart, exit,
flatly, distinctly, absolutely, ANTONYMS: (n) exhaustion, delete, stop, refrain, erase, egress,
explicitly, forcefully, firmly, apathy, tiredness, weakness, abstain, cancel, exclude, disembark
expressly sluggishness, idleness, impotence, entering: (n) entry, entrance,
empty: (adj, v) clear, discharge, feebleness, powerlessness, inertia, admission, enrollment, penetration,
destitute, void; (adj) hollow, bare, listlessness ingress, registration, encroachment,
blank, barren, abandoned; (v) engage: (v) contract, book, employ, entree; (adj, n) incoming; (v) go in
deplete, pour. ANTONYMS: (adj) retain, absorb, charter, draw, rent; enthusiasm: (adj, n) devotion; (n, v)
crowded, meaningful, packed, (n, v) attract, enlist, betroth. ardor, zeal; (adj, n, v) passion; (n)
occupied, inhabited, swarming, ANTONYMS: (v) disengage, release, ardour, animation, craze, ebullience,
brimming, laden, filled, cultivated; evade, bore, can, discharge, gusto, inspiration, interest.
(v) fill disconnect, dismiss, eject, terminate, ANTONYMS: (n) indifference,
enable: (v) entitle, capacitate, qualify, escape lethargy, passivity, unwillingness,
authorize, license, accredit, permit, engaged: (adj) occupied, betrothed, boredom, unconcern, detachment,
let, endow, commission; (adj) able. employed, affianced, engrossed, gloom, gloominess, patience,
ANTONYMS: (v) debilitate, disable, reserved, absorbed, working, reluctance
hinder, halt, forbid, prevent, stop, pledged, involved, committed. entirely: (adv) fully, absolutely,
block, disallow, debar ANTONYMS: (adj) free, unengaged, utterly, wholly, altogether, all,
encompassed: (adj) bounded unemployed, uncommitted, thoroughly, perfectly, clean, solely;
encyclopaedic: (adj) comprehensive unattached, single, detached, idle (adj, adv) completely. ANTONYMS:
(adv) partially, incompletely, dodge, leak, run; (n) avoidance, drench
unenthusiastically, hardly, slightly, evasion. ANTONYMS: (n, v) return; evasion: (n, v) equivocation,
somewhat (v) remain, catch, stay, face, block, avoidance, subterfuge,
entrance: (v) enchant, charm, attend; (n) incarceration, prevarication; (n) escape, quibble,
captivate, bewitch, enrapture; (n) imprisonment, endurance, abidance dodge, excuse, elusion, casuistry,
access, entry, admittance, threshold, especially: (adv) particularly, chiefly, circumvention. ANTONYMS: (n)
arrival, door. ANTONYMS: (n) expressly, peculiarly, specifically, facing, confrontation, confronting,
departure, exit, egress, egression, above all, exceedingly, principally, meeting
exiting, exclusion, retirement; (v) exceptionally, extraordinarily, evening: (n) even, dusk, dark, eve,
bore, repel, repulse unusually. ANTONYMS: (adv) twilight, sunset, eventide, nightfall,
entreat: (v) beg, beseech, ask, unexceptionally, customarily, sundown, night, period.
implore, pray, adjure, appeal, usually, commonly, frequently, ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak, sunrise,
request, conjure, crave, bid. generally sunup, morning
ANTONYMS: (v) demand, reject essence: (n) core, perfume, being, event: (n) effect, case, consequence,
envious: (adj) covetous, invidious, gist, aroma, crux, hypostasis, occurrence, incident, result,
jaundiced, malicious, begrudge, extract, spirit, substance; (v) stuff. contingency, product, fact,
greedy, resentful, grudging, green, ANTONYMS: (n) body, surface happening, circumstance.
begrudging, enviable. ANTONYMS: essential: (adj) inherent, crucial, ANTONYM: (n) insignificancy
(adj) fulfilled, satisfied, undesirous, natural, basic, elementary; (adj, v) everlasting: (adj) eternal, ceaseless,
contented important, imperative; (adj, n, v) endless, constant, continual,
environment: (n) habitat, requisite; (adj, n) constituent, perpetual, immortal, deathless,
background, atmosphere, setting, fundamental; (n) necessity. ageless, aeonian; (adj, n) lasting.
surroundings, ambience, entourage, ANTONYMS: (adj, n) optional, ANTONYMS: (adj) finite,
context, vicinity, ecology, element unimportant, peripheral, luxury; ephemeral, fleeting, mortal, ending,
envy: (v) begrudge, want; (n) (adj) secondary, minor, marginal, terminating, inconstant, fragile,
enviousness, desire, heartburning, unessential, trivial, subordinate; (n) perishable
resentment, envies, heartburn, option everybody: (adv) each, any; (n, pron)
jealousy, hatred; (adj) jealous. established: (adj, v) conventional, anyone, anybody; (n) every person,
ANTONYM: (n) generosity regular, set, settled; (adj) accepted, world, everything, horde, throng;
envying: (adj) invidious firm, fixed, decided, standard, (pron) any person, someone.
equable: (adj) equal, temperate, secure, confirmed. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n, pron) nobody
stable, mild, balanced, peaceful, (adj) debatable, unestablished, everyday: (adj, v) ordinary, usual;
halcyon, placid, pacific, sedate, unconventional, unusual, unknown, (adj) familiar, customary, routine,
moderate. ANTONYMS: (adj) rare, new, innovative, changing, accustomed, average, regular,
spasmodic, vacillating, variable, temporary, unorthodox casual, prosaic, commonplace.
unequal, irregular, intemperate, establishments: (n) establishment ANTONYMS: (adj) extraordinary,
fluctuating, inequable, jumpy, estate: (n) land, order, demesne, rank, exquisite, special, rare, exciting,
senseless domain, property, acres, substance, different, exceptional, occasional,
equal: (v) compare, equalize, equate; state, asset, assets uncommon, formal, imaginative
(adj, v) agree, correspond, even, eternal: (adj) constant, perpetual, everyone: (n) all, everything, world,
equivalent; (adj) comparable; (n) ceaseless, everlasting, lasting, public; (n, pron) anyone, anybody;
compeer; (adj, n, v) rival, parallel. continual, aeonian, immortal, (pron) everybody, someone, a
ANTONYMS: (adj) different, boundless, deathless, enduring. person, any person; (adv) any.
repressive, uneven, ANTONYMS: (adj) mortal, finite, ANTONYM: (pron) nobody
disproportionate, inconsistent, brief, ephemeral, fleeting, everything: (pron) anything,
unlike, dissimilar, discriminating, terminable, ending, fragile, something, whatever thing, no
diverse; (v) differ, disproportion inconstant matter which; (n) whole, everyone,
eradicate: (v) annihilate, destroy, eternally: (adv) always, permanently, all things, everybody, entirety,
eliminate, uproot, extirpate, incessantly, perpetually, constantly, universe, thing
extinguish, exterminate, wipe out, ceaselessly, endlessly, unendingly, everywhere: (adv) everyplace, all
deracinate, obliterate, abolish. unceasingly, lastingly; (adj, adv) over, far and wide, overall,
ANTONYMS: (v) create, breed, forever. ANTONYMS: (adv) briefly, somewhere, far and near, about,
generate, propagate, plant, build, sporadically where; (adv, pron) anywhere; (adv,
add, protect, engrave, establish, european: (adj) frank, Teutonic; (n) n) anyplace; (adj) throughout.
revive Norseman, Scotchman, Scotsman, ANTONYM: (adv) nowhere
error: (n) blunder, fault, mistake, Swede, Teuton, Luxembourger, evident: (adj) obvious, distinct,
delusion, lapse, oversight, miss, Northman, jutes, Lapp discernible, clear, manifest,
guilt, crime, defect; (adj, n) wrong. evaporate: (v) disappear, dissolve, conspicuous, patent, plain,
ANTONYMS: (n) correctness, fact, dissipate, dry, melt away, exhale, noticeable, open, certain.
accuracy vaporize, concentrate, pass; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) unnoticed,
escape: (v) elude, avoid, evade, vapor; (adj, v) fade. ANTONYMS: obscure, concealed, hidden,
circumvent, bolt; (n, v) break, (v) appear, wet, dampen, soak, inconspicuous, uncertain, unknown,
imperceptible, disputable, exasperating: (adj) annoying, indifference, somnolence,
ambiguous, undetectable bothersome, maddening, despondency, lifelessness
evidently: (adv) clearly, patently, infuriating, trying, irritating, exciting: (adj) provocative,
plainly, obviously, manifestly, tedious, vexatious, vexing, galling, breathtaking, impressive, stirring,
openly, certainly, overtly, markedly, exacerbating. ANTONYMS: (adj) exhilarating, moving, rousing,
conspicuously, palpably. pleasing, pleasant, satisfying dramatic, emotional, agitated; (adv)
ANTONYMS: (adv) doubtfully, exceedingly: (adj, adv) very, highly; excitingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull,
imperceptibly, obscurely, (adv) too, exceptionally, overly, bland, monotonous, insipid,
questionably, actually, ambiguously, surpassingly, extraordinarily, uninteresting, unexciting,
inconspicuously greatly, awfully, terrifically, uninspiring, listless, unenthusiastic,
evil: (adj) bad, criminal, corrupt, eminently. ANTONYMS: (adv) staid, somnolent
wicked, destructive, depraved; (adj, slightly, hardly, insufficiently, excuse: (n, v) pardon, palliate; (v)
n) ill, detriment; (n) adversity, somewhat absolve, exculpate, condone, acquit,
disaster, depravity. ANTONYMS: excellency: (n) highness, merit, justify, forgive; (n) alibi, pretext,
(n) goodness, righteousness, majesty, mightiness, virtue, evasion. ANTONYMS: (v) blame,
morality; (adj) kindhearted, splendor, superiority, worship, accuse, chide, discipline, include,
righteous, benign, moral, pure, grace, chastity, glory reprimand, castigate; (n) accusation
upright, virtuous, sinless excellent: (adj, n) estimable, worthy, exercise: (n, v) employ, practice, use,
exactitude: (n) precision, exactness, capital; (adj) superior, admirable, discipline; (v) apply, train, exert; (n)
correctness, punctuality, fidelity, beautiful, distinctive, superb, great, employment, application, play,
trueness, truth, veracity, rigor, good, splendid. ANTONYMS: (adj) movement. ANTONYMS: (n) avoid,
thoroughness, promptitude. poor, abysmal, awful, mediocre, idleness, inactiveness, inactivity,
ANTONYMS: (n) vagueness, terrible, imperfect, inadequate, work; (v) ignore, neglect, overlook,
inaccuracy, inexactness middling, shoddy, bad, used perform, conserve
exactly: (adv) correctly, punctually, except: (adj, conj, prep) save; (v) exercises: (n) military exercises,
rightly, accurately, strictly, perfectly, exclude, demur, omit, elide; (adv, athletics
definitely, directly, truly, right, conj, prep) but; (adv, prep) besides; exhausted: (adj) fatigued, tired,
absolutely. ANTONYMS: (adv) (prep) excepting, excluding, aside spent, dry, empty, depleted, jaded,
inaccurately, randomly, figuratively, from; (conj, n) without. enervated, faint; (adj, v) gone, weak.
wrongly, vaguely, roughly, ANTONYMS: (prep) including; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, refreshed,
inexactly, indirectly, imprecisely, receive, admit strong, restored, vigorous,
around; (adv, prep) about exception: (n) objection, exemption, unexhausted, replenished,
exaggerate: (v) boast, aggravate, anomaly, immunity, privilege, remaining, energized, invigorated,
amplify, dramatize, overdo, repudiation, release, condition, restocked
overdraw, brag, overstate, magnify, salvo, animadversion; (adj, n) exhortation: (n) warning, monition,
aggrandize, enhance. ANTONYMS: peculiarity. ANTONYM: (n) liability persuasion, suggestion, counsel,
(v) minimize, alleviate, weaken exchanged: (adj) counterchanged, incitement, sermon, admonition,
exaggerated: (adj) extravagant, bartered, substituted exhort, hortation, admonishment
theatrical, immoderate, inflated, excise: (n) duty, tax, custom, tariff, exist: (v) lie, be, endure, abide,
overdone, hyperbolic, magnified, toll, levy; (v) cut out, cut, remove, consist, belong, continue, occur,
pretentious, overstated, excessive; edit, delete. ANTONYM: (v) insert come, breathe, live. ANTONYMS:
(adj, v) hypertrophied. excite: (v) arouse, enliven, disturb, (v) expire, fail, perish
ANTONYMS: (adj) restrained, agitate, awaken, incite, inspire, existence: (n) being, entity, life,
unembellished, minimized rouse, electrify; (n, v) energize; (adj, subsistence, living, essence, lifetime,
exalted: (adj) elevated, eminent, v) quicken. ANTONYMS: (v) calm, aliveness, actuality, occurrence,
noble, high, August, elated, pacify, bore, soothe, stifle, availability. ANTONYMS: (n)
dignified, great, sublime, grand, big. tranquilize, placate, quiet, dampen nonbeing, nonexistence, absence,
ANTONYMS: (adj) belittled, excited: (adj, v) animated, ardent; extinction
condemned, criticized, debased, (adj) ablaze, enthusiastic, emotional, existing: (adj) alive, current, existent,
humble, humiliated, low, lowly, frantic, warm, heated, delirious, present, real, instant, contemporary,
minor, ridiculed, base fervent, passionate. ANTONYMS: extant, modern; (adj, v) being; (v)
examined: (adj) qualified, studied, (adj) cool, unexcited, bored, exist. ANTONYMS: (adj) past,
considered tranquil, easygoing, disappointed, nonexistent, dated, dead, old,
example: (n) exemplar, illustration, despairing, comatose, apathetic, insubstantial
instance, sample, lead, paradigm, sedate, composed expand: (adj, v) enlarge, dilate; (v)
prototype, pattern, design, guide, excitement: (n) commotion, emotion, distend, balloon, broaden, develop,
precedent animation, agitation, disturbance, blow up, extend, aggrandize, inflate,
exasperated: (adj) incensed, annoyed, elation, enthusiasm, eagerness, augment. ANTONYMS: (v) contract,
enraged, angered, indignant, mad, taking, excitation, tumult. shorten, abbreviate, summarize,
irate, irritated, cheesed off, testy; ANTONYMS: (n) dullness, reduce, shrink, deflate, decrease,
(adj, prep) provoked. ANTONYM: boredom, tediousness, desolation, narrow, squeeze, diminish
(adj) pleased apathy, bore, dormancy, expect: (v) assume, anticipate,
demand, understand, hope, think, outbreak, outburst; (adj, n, v) destroyed completely, lost, wiped
suppose, calculate, await, abide, discharge; (adj, n) paroxysm; (n, v) out, annihilated
conceive. ANTONYMS: (v) fear, salvo. ANTONYMS: (n) collapse, external: (adj, n, prep) exterior; (adj)
despair slump outside, extrinsic, extraneous,
expectation: (n) expectancy, belief, expose: (v) endanger, exhibit, betray, outward, outlying, foreign,
hope, possibility, outlook, trust, detect, display, air, uncover, peripheral, superficial, formal,
confidence, arithmetic mean, debunk, denude, unfold, divulge. objective. ANTONYMS: (adj) inner,
thought, suspense; (n, v) prospect. ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, cover, internal, domestic, inmost, inside,
ANTONYMS: (n) despair, enclose, suppress, shield, shelter, indoor, outgoing, inward, intrinsic,
hopelessness, discouragement, insulate, hide, guard, drape deep, relevant
distrust expound: (v) explicate, elucidate, extra: (adj) additional, odd,
expected: (adj) likely, expect, annotate, elaborate, define, read, extraordinary; (adj, adv) over, more;
predictable, prospective, clarify, illustrate, interpret; (adj, v) (adj, n) excess, supernumerary; (n)
anticipated, usual, conventional, explain, expand accessory; (adj, adv, n) plus; (adv)
intended, due, assumed, hoped-for. express: (adj) explicit, direct, definite, especially; (v) additive.
ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, distinct, especial; (n, v) declare; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) basic, less,
surprising, unconventional, demonstrate, convey, articulate, enough, main, sufficient, lacking; (n)
unexpected, unlikely, exceptional display, mean. ANTONYMS: (v) lack, shortfall, normal; (adv) barely,
expecting: (adj) pregnant, confident, suppress, hide, retain; (adj) vague, scarcely
with child, heavy, hopeful; (n) slow, unexpressed, roundabout, extraordinarily: (adv) singularly,
family way unsaid, uncertain, indirect; (n) local rarely, unusually, exceptionally,
expense: (n) disbursement, expressed: (adj) express, spoken, extremely, peculiarly, remarkably,
expenditure, price, outlay, amount, phrased, explicit, voiced, phenomenally, uncommonly,
toll, fee, payment, costs; (n, v) expresssed, verbal, verbalized, exceedingly, especially.
charge, detriment. ANTONYM: (n) verbalised, unequivocal, graphic ANTONYMS: (adv) slightly,
income expressing: (adj) significant; (n) unremarkably, ordinarily
expensive: (adj) sumptuous, dear, speech extraordinary: (adj) odd, exceptional,
luxurious, lovely, extravagant, expression: (n) phrase, voice, aspect, curious, rare, special, phenomenal,
valuable, lavish, darling, beloved, appearance, demonstration, amazing, astonishing, unusual,
overpriced, high-priced. declaration, manifestation, strange, abnormal. ANTONYMS:
ANTONYMS: (adj) cheap, articulation, express, face, style. (adj) ordinary, normal, everyday,
reasonable, inexpensive, worthless, ANTONYMS: (n) hint, suggestion, usual, common, mundane, regular,
economical, plain, shabby smile, insinuation, concealment, undistinguished, unremarkable,
experienced: (adj) educated, capable, misconstruction insignificant, natural
expert, trained, competent, skillful, expressive: (adj) significant, extreme: (adj) deep, excessive,
sophisticated, knowledgeable, meaningful, descriptive, mobile, enormous, supreme, terrible,
proficient, practiced, old. revelatory, indicative, articulate, uttermost, ultimate, utmost, intense,
ANTONYMS: (adj) naive, immature, graphic, emphatic, suggestive, vivid. immoderate; (n) edge. ANTONYMS:
unsophisticated, unseasoned, ANTONYMS: (adj) unemotional, (adj, n) mild, slight; (adj) middle,
unknowledgeable, ignorant, green, undemonstrative, nondescript, cold, reasonable, near, limited, close,
untrained, inept, unqualified, coarse expressionless, empty, emotionless, conventional, ordinary, normal,
experiment: (n, v) attempt, try, taste, inarticulate, innocent, impassive, insignificant
venture; (n) essay, trial, tentative, reserved extremely: (adv) enormously,
examination, probation, experience; expressly: (adv) specially, excessively, greatly, extraordinarily,
(v) examine particularly, distinctly, specifically, utterly, severely, hugely, intensely,
experiments: (n) data explicitly, especially, utterly, clearly, desperately; (adj, adv) highly, very.
explain: (v) comment, interpret, precisely, telly, exactly. ANTONYMS: (adv) quite, fairly,
account, define, decipher, clarify, ANTONYMS: (adv) ambiguously, slightly, moderately, unremarkably,
solve, gloss, excuse, expound, conditionally, implicitly, indirectly, sensibly, hardly, somewhat,
explicate. ANTONYMS: (v) vaguely commonly, reasonably,
complicate, perplex, obfuscate, exquisitely: (adv) excellently, finely, insufficiently
puzzle, outline magnificently, perfectly, beautifully, extricate: (v) clear, evolve, disengage,
explaining: (n) amplification, gorgeously, superbly, keenly, rid, untangle, disembarrass, absolve,
illumination, clearing up, defense subtlely; (adj, adv) intensely, enfranchise, free, deliver, dislodge.
explanation: (n) annotation, exceedingly ANTONYMS: (v) entangle, embroil,
commentary, definition, description, extent: (n) extension, amplitude, hamper, hinder, involve, fasten,
exposition, solution, justification, bulk, amount, ambit, compass, wedge
interpretation, gloss, excuse, key. boundary, scope; (n, v) area, exuberant: (adj) abundant, ample,
ANTONYMS: (n) mystery, expanse; (adj, n) distance. opulent, ebullient, excessive,
cloudiness, confusion, problem ANTONYMS: (n) weakness, extravagant, profuse, bountiful,
explosion: (n) blast, detonation, mildness, scarcity prolific, generous, hearty.
boom, eruption, bang, fulmination, exterminated: (adj) broken, extinct, ANTONYMS: (adj) depressed, blue,
unenthusiastic, scarce, needing, fall: (n, v) decline, dip, rain, decrease, farce: (n) comedy, travesty, joke,
lacking, dispirited, insufficient, plunge, dive; (n) downfall, descent, mockery, sham, play, charade,
down, unexcited, lethargic autumn; (v) descend, sink. caricature, dressing, forcemeat,
facing: (n) revetment, face, coating, ANTONYMS: (n, v) increase, win, buffoonery. ANTONYMS: (n)
lining, veneer, cladding, front, climb, triumph; (n) ascent, tragedy, drama
covering; (prep) against, before; improvement, rising; (v) ascend, farewell: (int, n) adieu; (n) bye, leave,
(adj) fronting advance, conquer, elevate valediction, adios, parting, goodbye,
facts: (n) reality, details, proof, falling: (n) descent, fall, downfall, separation, departure, aloha; (int)
grounds, premises, praecognita, degradation, depreciation; (adj) bon voyage. ANTONYMS: (n) hello,
truth, testimony, particulars, descending, decreasing, declining, salutation, welcome
physical constraints, reasonableness tumbling, ebb, down. ANTONYMS: farthing: (n) craps, faro, ante, chuck,
faculty: (adj, n) capacity, cleverness; (adj) standing, increasing, doit, small change; (adj) bulrush,
(n) aptitude, capability, bent, power, burgeoning pinch of snuff, peppercorn, old son,
staff, facility; (adj, n, v) talent; (n, v) falls: (n) cataract, waterfall, chute, jot
endowment, gift. ANTONYMS: (n) angel, torrent, Victoria, twin, force, fascinating: (adj, v) captivating,
students, pupils, ineptness, body of water, Guaira, Niagara charming, engaging, interesting;
incompetence, incapacity false: (adj, n) bastard; (adj, adv) (adj) engrossing, absorbing,
fail: (adj, v) fade, decline, cease; (v) counterfeit, deceitful; (adj) untrue, attractive, delightful, alluring,
abort, die, break, bust, want, dishonest, erroneous, sham, bewitching, seductive.
disappoint, deteriorate, default. assumed, artificial, fictitious, ANTONYMS: (adj) boring, dull,
ANTONYMS: (v) succeed, triumph, deceptive. ANTONYMS: (adj) real, repellent, unappealing, repulsive
win, thrive, procure, accomplish, genuine, faithful, factual, correct, fashion: (n) mode, craze, fad,
achieve, attain, boom, complete, natural, truthful, honest, valid, just, manner, method, way; (n, v) cut,
continue loyal construct, style; (v) contrive, make.
failed: (adj) unsuccessful, failing, familiar: (adj) conversant, everyday, ANTONYM: (v) destroy
abortive, bankrupt, fruitless, futile, usual, ordinary, commonplace; (adj, fast: (adj, v) firm; (adj) dissolute,
declining, deteriorating, ineffective, n) customary, common, intimate, instant, agile, staunch, quick,
insolvent habitual, accustomed; (n) hurried, fixed, rapid; (adv) soon,
faint: (adj, n, v) swoon; (adj) dim, companion. ANTONYMS: (adj) hard. ANTONYMS: (adv) slowly,
feeble, dizzy, indistinct, vague, soft, unfamiliar, strange, foreign, loosely, sluggishly; (n) binge; (adj)
dull; (adj, v) weak; (v) languish, pass unaccustomed, new, unknown, sluggish, loose, unattached,
out. ANTONYMS: (adj) distinct, ignorant, formal, shy, rare, distant plodding; (adj, adv) leisurely; (v)
clear, obvious, loud, considerable, families: (n) family gorge, eat
pungent, invigorated, hearty, fancied: (adj) unreal, chimerical, fasten: (adj, v) attach, fix, affix; (v)
energetic, defined; (v) revive fictional, fanciful, fictitious, connect, bind, tie, tack, pin, stick,
fainting: (n) swoon, syncope, fabricated, preferred, assumed, clasp, anchor. ANTONYMS: (v)
deliquium, lipothymy, prostration, illusory, imagined, ideal detach, undo, unlock, loosen,
stupor; (adj) lipothymic fancies: (n) stock release, open, disconnect, untie,
fair: (adj) clear, beautiful, sweet, fancy: (n, v) desire, fantasy, caprice, separate, unscrew
reasonable, dispassionate, average, dream, wish, daydream; (v) fastened: (adj) tied, fast, buttoned,
fine, impartial; (adj, v) bright; (adj, imagine, consider; (adj, v) conceive; closed, tight, secure, pinned,
adv) clean; (n) blonde. (n) conception, conceit. binding, empight, steady, firm.
ANTONYMS: (adj) biased, unjust, ANTONYMS: (n) reality, certainty, ANTONYMS: (adj) unfastened,
exceptional, dark, partial, actuality, conviction; (adj) unbuttoned
mismatched, unwarranted, foul, unadorned, common; (v) hate, fastidiousness: (n) refinement, care,
imbalanced, prejudiced, poor demonstrate, detest, disapprove, test squeamishness, nicety, fastidiosity,
fairly: (adj, adv) justly; (adv) fancying: (n) daydream, fantasy diligence; (adj, n) delicacy, elegance;
moderately, honestly, completely, fantastic: (adj) bizarre, extraordinary, (adj) fastidious accuracy,
purely, impartially, somewhat, antic, marvelous, fantastical, delightfulness, delight. ANTONYM:
righteously, lightly, rightly, grotesque, wonderful, extravagant, (n) vulgarity
squarely. ANTONYMS: (adv) terrific, strange, illusory. fatal: (adj) deadly, pestilent, lethal,
unjustly, extremely, subjectively, ANTONYMS: (adj) awful, ordinary, disastrous, destructive, dangerous,
very, dishonestly, unreasonably, real, unpleasant, tiny, plausible, deathly, fateful, murderous, critical;
completely, entirely, unlawfully, normal, lousy, little, Lilliputian, (adj, v) mortal. ANTONYMS: (adj)
excessively, wholly poor harmless, nourishing, healthful,
faith: (n) confidence, belief, fantastically: (adv) wonderfully, benign, uncritical, mild
conviction, trust, credence, credit, fabulously, tremendously, fate: (n, v) doom; (n) chance, luck,
creed, assurance, cult, expectation, marvelously, extraordinarily, fatality, fortune, kismet, allotment,
dependence. ANTONYMS: (n) strangely, queerly, magnificently, portion, lot; (v) destine, designate.
disbelief, distrust, dubiosity, grotesquely, whimsically, ANTONYMS: (n) will, design,
skepticism, despair, uncertainty, peculiarly. ANTONYMS: (adv) choice, accident, chance
doubt, independence plausibly, abysmally fatherland: (n) native land, home,
homeland, country, mother country, fellow: (adj, n) comrade, associate; ANTONYMS: (adj) lacking, clear
motherland, land, country of origin, (n) boy, equal, brother, peer, chap, filth: (n) grime, garbage, foulness,
native country, old country, cradle colleague, compeer, buddy; (adj, n, impurity, soil, blot, stain, nastiness,
fault: (adj, n, v) deficiency; (n) error, v) concomitant. ANTONYMS: (n) squalor, uncleanliness; (adj) impure.
blot, delinquency, flaw, break, female, woman, girl, foe, enemy, ANTONYMS: (n) cleanliness,
blunder; (adj, n) failing, blemish; (n, antagonist, competitor luxury, loveliness
v) blame, crime. ANTONYMS: (n) fellows: (n) fellow, membership, filthiness: (n) filth, dirt, nastiness,
strength, virtue, capability, faculty foulness, unsanitariness, obscenity,
innocence, perfection, credit, ease; fetch: (v) carry, bring, bring in, baseness, uncleanliness, coarseness,
(v) praise, absolve convey, draw, elicit, deliver, catch, squalidity, impurity. ANTONYM:
favour: (n) relief, goodness, get, attract; (adj, n) feint (n) cleanliness
assistance, office, favoritism, feud: (n) dispute, competition, blood filthy: (adj) unclean, dingy, nasty,
benignity; (v) choose, prefer, feud, conflict, disagreement, feoff; foul, disgusting, squalid, bawdy,
privilege, facilitate, approve (n, v) contest, quarrel, affray, fight; muddy, grimy, grubby, vile.
favoured: (adj) preferred, preferential (v) battle. ANTONYMS: (v) truce; ANTONYMS: (adj) decent, pleasant,
fear: (n) awe, dismay, alarm, fright, (n) peace, harmony, accord attractive
consternation, care, anguish; (n, v) fever: (n) malaria, delirium, pyrexia, final: (adj) conclusive, definite,
apprehension, doubt, concern, heat, frenzy, feverishness, febricity, extreme, latter, decisive, definitive,
reverence. ANTONYMS: (n) Bilious typhoid fever, Levant fever, ultimate, last, irrevocable, decided,
fearlessness, reassurance, Hectic infantile fever, Typhoid fever net. ANTONYMS: (adj) opening,
confidence, courage, valor, calm, feverish: (adj) febrile, feverous, fiery, preliminary, initial, inconclusive,
boldness, security, equanimity, frenzied, fevered, excited, sick, foremost, introductory, beginning,
peace; (v) brave fanatical; (adj, v) hot, flushed; (adj, fore, impermanent, flexible,
fearfully: (adv) timidly, timorously, n) hysterical. ANTONYMS: (adj) provisional
awfully, apprehensively, calm, afebrile, collected, composed, finally: (adv) lastly, ultimately, at
horrendously, hideously, anxiously, mellow last, at long last, definitely,
appallingly, terribly; (adj, adv) feverishly: (adv) excitedly, hotly, terminally, decisively, latestly, at
shockingly, dreadfully. febrilely, hecticly, feverously, length; (adv, v) definitively; (adj)
ANTONYMS: (adv) bravely, calmly, hysterically, passionately, final. ANTONYMS: (adv) initially,
confidently, wonderfully, rationally, frantically, fanatically, heatedly, partially, soon, unconvincingly
unconcernedly frenziedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) finding: (n) detection, judgment,
feather: (n) pen, feathering, pinion, indifferently, peacefully, sluggishly determination, discovery, verdict,
nib, plumage, quill, kind, spline; (n, fight: (n, v) battle, dispute, contest, ruling, breakthrough, resolution,
v) plume; (adj, n, v) fringe; (v) fledge quarrel, engagement, feud, doom, decree, find
feeding: (n) alimentation, eating, squabble, argue, struggle, clash; fine: (adj) delicate, dainty, agreeable,
nourishment, grazing, dining, (adj, n, v) brawl. ANTONYMS: (n, v) nice, thin, elegant, capital, excellent,
browsing, feed supply, banqueting, withdrawal, retreat; (n) fear, brave; (n) penalty; (v) punish.
supplying, ingestion, intake surrender, agreement; (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) poor, thick,
feeling: (n) affection, feel, emotion, compromise, favor, submit wide, coarse, unsatisfactory,
sensitivity, mood, hunch, opinion, fighting: (adj) belligerent, militant; substantial, wretched, unpleasant,
belief, impression, atmosphere; (adj, (n) fight, contest, combat, action, unimpressive, dark, cloudy
n) sentiment. ANTONYMS: (n) affray, strife, engagement, war; (n, finger: (v) feel, handle, touch, thumb,
indifference, overtone, insensibility, v) conflict. ANTONYMS: (adj) indicate, point; (n) digit, dactyl,
certainty, insensitivity, hatred, trust; peaceful, meek; (n) calm, forefinger, pointer; (n, v) hand.
(adj) unfeeling withdrawal, retreat, friendliness, ANTONYM: (v) clear
feelings: (n) emotions, opinion, agreement, peace, surrender finish: (n, v) close, complete,
bosom, emotion, thought, figure: (n, v) form, design, cast, consummate; (v) achieve, execute,
reputation, honor, feeling, estimate, shape, image; (v) count, discontinue, cease, accomplish,
sentiments, thoughts, manner cipher; (adj, n) appearance; (n) determine; (n) conclusion, death.
feet: (v) legs, pegs, pins, trotters; (n) character, cost. ANTONYM: (v) ANTONYMS: (n) beginning,
foots, ft, fete, meter, rescue estimate opening, inception, middle, creation;
feigned: (adj) false, affected, figures: (n) statistics, numbers, (v) begin, continue, sustain, save,
assumed, dummy, unnatural, information, facts, poll renew, conserve
fictitious; (adj, v) sham, counterfeit, fill: (v) block, clog, stuff, line, charge, finished: (adj, adv) ended,
spurious, mock, pretended. execute, accomplish, complete, brim, completed; (adj) complete,
ANTONYMS: (adj) sincere, genuine, fulfill; (n) crowd. ANTONYMS: (v) consummate, absolute,
natural, wholehearted, heartfelt, real empty, free, deplete, unpack, accomplished, ruined, spent, ripe,
fell: (v) cut, chop, bring down, drop, unload, notch, deflate, desert polished; (adj, v) done.
cut down; (adj) barbarous, cruel; filled: (adj) replete, packed, fraught, ANTONYMS: (adj) incomplete,
(adj, v) prostrate, floor, knock down; teeming, laden, abundant, remaining, rough, leftover,
(n) skin. ANTONYMS: (v) construct, congested, charged, stuffed; (adj, uncultured
erect, raise, build adv) crowded; (n) fuller. fire: (v) eject, dismiss, kindle, ignite;
(n, v) discharge, blaze, flame, unobtrusive, slight, ashamed, flower: (n, v) blossom, blow; (v)
explode; (n) ardor, conflagration, doubtful, veiled effloresce, flourish; (adj, n) prime;
fervor. ANTONYMS: (v) hire, flakes: (n) dust (n) efflorescence, elite, cream,
defuse, deflate, employ, dampen, flame: (adj, n) fire, sweetheart; (adj, bouquet, floret, florescence.
detain; (n) laziness v) burn, glow; (n, v) flash; (n) ANTONYMS: (n) residue; (v) wither
fired: (adj) discharged, unemployed, ardour, burning, fervor, enthusiasm, flowery: (adj, v) florid; (adj) bloomy,
passionate, interested, heated, combustion, sheen floral, blossomy, figurative, fancy,
enthusiastic, ablaze, zealous flared: (adj) aflare, increasing verbose, rhetorical, elaborate,
firm: (adj, adv) hard; (adj, v) stable, flat: (n) apartment; (adj) even, bland, ornamented; (v) gay. ANTONYM:
compact, determined, close, insipid, level, tasteless, dreary, (adj) concise
resolute; (adj) fixed, steadfast, solid, boring; (adj, n) plain, plane; (adj, v) flunkey: (n, v) flunky; (n) lackey,
strong; (adj, n) steady. uninteresting. ANTONYMS: (adj) butler, footman, dweeb, valet de
ANTONYMS: (adj) irresolute, weak, bumpy, emotional, hilly, variable, chambre, crawler, flatterer; (v)
soft, hesitant, limp, liquid, soggy, sharp, negative, natural, lively, hanger on, lapdog, led captain
lenient, indefinite, loose, inconstant contrasty, choppy; (adv) indirectly flushed: (adj, n) red, sanguine; (adj)
firmly: (adv) solidly, steadfastly, flats: (n) apartment building, scene, feverish, glowing, aroused, aflame,
securely, resolutely, strongly, stage setting, desert burning, exultant, exulting; (n)
steadily, unwaveringly, stably, flattered: (adj) pleased flush, elated. ANTONYM: (adj) cool
fixedly, robustly, rigidly. flattering: (adj) ingratiating, flying: (adj) fast, quick, rapid, swift,
ANTONYMS: (adv) weakly, loosely, complimentary, courtly, obsequious, moving, flaring, aflare; (n) fly, flight,
uncertainly, halfheartedly, leniently, adulatory, fulsome, bland, candied, aviation, ballooning
unsteadily, shakily, yielding, smooth, encouraging; (n) flattery. foam: (n, v) froth, bubble, spume;
indefinitely, irresolutely, feebly ANTONYMS: (adj) assertive, (adj, v) boil, seethe; (v) effervesce,
fish: (n) bird, eel, fishing, Pisces, critical, unflattering, unattractive, suds, fizz, ferment; (n) lather,
anchovy, chondrichthian, alewife, wounding, uncomplimentary, bubbles
shellfish; (v) seek, hunt, pursue negative; (adv) partially folded: (adj) plaited, pleated,
fist: (n, v) hand; (n) duke, clenched flaxen: (adj) flaxy, fair, blond, light, doubled, artful, braided, corrugated,
fist, feist, manus, grip, index; (v) pale, golden, arenaceous, sandy, doubled over, fluted
finger, paw, neif, neaf farinaceous; (n) blonde folk: (n) family, common people,
fitted: (adj) capable, efficient, flicker: (n, v) waver, flare, blaze, nationality, nation, country, clan,
competent, able, finished, qualified, sparkle, glimmer, shine, flash; (v) tribe, race, persons, man; (adj)
trained, primed, outfitted, initiated; shake, blink, flick, shimmer popular
(adj, v) convenient fling: (n, v) toss, throw, pitch, slam, follow: (v) chase, adopt, adhere,
fitting: (n) adaptation, adjustment, hurl; (v) chuck, shoot, dash, rush, succeed, accompany, abide by,
appointment; (adj) apt, appropriate, discard; (n) crack. ANTONYM: (v) comprehend, ensue, track; (adj, v)
applicable, felicitous, just, decorous, collect catch, grasp. ANTONYMS: (v)
becoming, suitable. ANTONYMS: flinging: (n) casting, cast guide, lead, head, disobey, deny,
(adj) improper, wrong, flitting: (adj) fleeting, fugitive, ignore, misunderstand, predate,
incompatible, inconvenient, undue, momentary, transient, ephemeral; exceed, defy, break
unfit, unsatisfactory, unseemly, (v) migration folly: (n) fatuity, foolishness, silliness,
unsuitable flog: (v) lash, whip, chastise, lick, tomfoolery, nonsense, stupidity,
fixed: (adj, v) determined, durable; trounce, flagellate, birch, castigate, craziness, density, freak; (adj, n)
(adj, adv, v) stable; (adj) definite, cane, strap, wallop irrationality, trifling. ANTONYM:
intent, fast, determinate, certain, set; flood: (n, v) flow, torrent, pour, (n) sense
(adj, adv, n) steady; (adj, n, v) stream, glut, rush, gush; (v) drench, fond: (adj) affectionate, caring,
constant. ANTONYMS: (adj) inundate, drown; (n, prep) tide. devoted, tender, loving, amorous,
flexible, separate, adaptable, ANTONYMS: (n) drought, shortage, delicate, adoring, doting, ardent,
adjustable, changeable, movable, slump, deficit; (v) disperse, dry attached. ANTONYMS: (adj)
variable, compliant, temporary, floor: (n, v) level; (n) layer, earth, aversion, cold, rough
removable, portable base, bottom, soil, platform; (v) stun, food: (n, v) fare; (n) edible, board,
fixedly: (adv) steadily, steadfastly, dump, deck; (adj, v) prostrate. nourishment, diet, sustenance,
regularly, intently, stably, setly, ANTONYMS: (v) clarify; (n) ceiling aliment, dish, foodstuff, meat,
permanently, rigidly, unwaveringly, flourish: (n, v) display; (v) thrive, nurture
surely, resolutely prosper, boast, wave, brag, wield, fool: (n) blockhead, dunce, clown,
fixing: (n) fixation, fix, adjustment, boom, grow; (adj, v) bloom; (adv, v) idiot, ass, booby, buffoon; (v)
repair, mending, altering, shake. ANTONYMS: (v) decline, deceive, bamboozle; (n, v) joke, gull.
emasculation, castration, furniture, struggle, deteriorate, wilt, pine, ANTONYM: (n) savant
fastener, fitting fade, flounder, decrease, dwindle foolish: (adj) childish, fool, crazy,
flagrant: (adj) blatant, conspicuous, flourishes: (n) added extras, dumb, daft, fatuous, stupid, unwise,
crying, glaring, atrocious, obvious, trappings, superfluities, trimmings, preposterous, dopey; (adj, n) silly.
rank, gross, heinous, flagitious, accompaniments, additions, ANTONYMS: (adj) wise, sensible,
open. ANTONYMS: (adj) embellishments shrewd, prudent, visionary,
diplomatic, levelheaded, sane, principal, main; (adj) best, front, (adj) posterior, timid, reverse,
rational, mature, judicious central, top. ANTONYMS: (adj) last, abashed, late, formal; (adv) behind,
foolishly: (adv) idiotically, insignificant, inferior, worst, rearward, back, aft
ridiculously, stupidly, indiscreetly, secondary foul: (adj, v) nasty, base, corrupt,
silly, insanely, injudiciously, forest: (v) afforest, reforest; (n) coarse; (adj) filthy, disgusting, evil,
preposterously, absurdly, woodland, jungle, wood, unclean, putrid; (n, v) defile, soil.
senselessly; (adj, adv) madly. timberland, woods, grove, ANTONYMS: (adj, v) clean, pure;
ANTONYMS: (adv) sensibly, greenwood, bush, coppice (adj) pleasant, fair, inoffensive,
solemnly, shrewdly, prudently, forgave: (v) to excuse humane, attractive, honest, pleasing,
responsibly, judiciously, carefully, forget: (v) leave, miss, blank out, fragrant; (v) unclog
rationally bury, to forget, overlook, neglect, foulness: (n) filthiness, dirtiness,
foolishness: (n) folly, fatuity, ignore, fail, unlearn, abandon. corruption, contamination, dirt,
craziness, nonsense, stupidity, ANTONYMS: (v) mind, attend squalor, squalidity, impurity,
indiscretion, ineptitude, mistake, forgetting: (v) forget; (adj) oblivious; pollution, nastiness, indecency.
fatuousness, irrationality; (adj, n) (n) disregard ANTONYMS: (n) cleanness, luxury,
silliness. ANTONYMS: (n) forgive: (v) absolve, excuse, acquit, cleanliness, purity, attractiveness
prudence, sense, sensibleness, remit, pardon, justify, to forgive, foundation: (n) base, bottom,
understanding, forethought, exonerate, overlook, clear, to excuse. creation, institution, foot, principle,
responsibility ANTONYMS: (v) condemn, punish, establishment, cause, footing,
foot: (n) base, feet, foundation, castigate fundamental, support.
footing, pes, paw, basis, leg, forgiven: (v) conciliatory, placable ANTONYMS: (n) end, successor,
measure; (v) hoof, pay. forgiveness: (n) mercy, condonation, destruction, culmination, effect; (adj)
ANTONYMS: (v) owe; (n) head clemency, kindness, pity, remission, final
footing: (n) foothold, base, bottom, leniency, absolution, grace, foundations: (n) fundamentals,
foundation, status, rank, foot, compassion; (n, v) pardon. foundation, practicalities, brass
pedestal, situation, relation, root. ANTONYMS: (n) condemnation, tacks, details
ANTONYM: (n) top cruelty, harshness fourteen: (adj, n) XIV
footsteps: (n) road, footprints, way, forgotten: (adj) lost, disregarded, fourth: (adv) fourthly; (n) interval,
trail, path, track, footpath elapsed, past, abandoned, gone, third, after part, common fraction,
force: (n, v) drive, squeeze, pressure, Gone With the Wind, irrecoverable, fourth part, quartern, second; (adj)
thrust; (n) energy, strength, agency; lapsed, disoriented, no more. quaternary
(v) coerce, push, press, compel. ANTONYM: (adj) remembered france: (n) Frances, Jacques Anatole
ANTONYMS: (n) persuasion, forlorn: (adj) hopeless, desolate, Francois Thibault, regional
ineffectiveness, inertia, apathy, despairing, unhappy, miserable, operations in Germany, Anatole
moderation; (v) request, wheedle, deserted, disconsolate, downcast, France
pull, push, restrain, prevent cheerless, wretched, abject. freedom: (adj, n) franchise,
forced: (adj) compelled, bound, ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, hopeful, immunity; (n) deliverance,
constrained, artificial, involuntary, fine autonomy, release, discharge,
unnatural, forcible, farfetched, former: (adj) previous, antecedent, emancipation, escape, liberty, right;
strained, obligatory, labored. anterior, bygone, earlier, prior, (adj) frankness. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (adj) unprovoked, foregoing, original, deceased, past; imprisonment, restriction, captivity,
spontaneous, voluntary, natural, (adv) formerly. ANTONYMS: (adj) suppression, dependence, restraint,
genuine, willing, optional future, last, next, current, following, capture, chance, conformity,
foreboding: (n) apprehension, present, subsequent, later; (n) latter inclusion
boding, presentiment, fear, anxiety, forming: (n) shaping, form, form french: (adj) Gallic, Frankish,
premonition, misgiving, turning, organization, construction, Gallican, Gallian; (v) to take French
anticipation, sign; (adj) ominous, molding, conformation, synthesis; leave; (n) Frenchman, romance
sinister. ANTONYMS: (adj) (v) create, constitute; (adj) language, French people, Daniel
favorable; (n) calmness, bravery, constituent Chester French, profanity, the
equanimity formula: (n) form, law, expression, French
forehead: (n) brow, front, foreland, method, formality, convention, rule, frenzied: (adj) frenetic, crazy,
lineament, mut, phiz, physiognomy, principle, canon, fashion, figure delirious, hectic, furious, wild,
visage, eyebrow, skull; (adv) fortnight: (n) two weeks, period, manic, fanatical, raging, rabid; (n)
foremost amount of time maniac. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm,
foreign: (adj) extraneous, extrinsic, forty: (adj, n) XL; (n) two score, controlled, mellow, composed
alien, exterior, external, exotic, forties; (adj) twoscore frenzy: (n) fury, anger, insanity,
strange, oversea, adventitious, forward: (adj, prep) bold; (adj, adv) mania, hysteria; (adj, n) distraction,
unfamiliar, stranger. ANTONYMS: onward; (adj) audacious; (adj, n, v) aberration, alienation, phrensy,
(adj) familiar, domestic, internal, promote; (v) expedite, dispatch; derangement; (n, v) craze.
relevant, national, natural (adv) fore, along, ahead; (adv, n, v) ANTONYMS: (n) calmness, calm,
foremost: (adj, adv, v) first; (adj, n) further; (adj, adv, n) early. order
chief, capital, leading, cardinal, ANTONYMS: (adj, adv) backward; frequently: (adv) usually, repeatedly,
continually, generally, regularly, atrociously, horrendously, awful minor, advanced, trivial,
habitually, ordinarily, commonly, frippery: (adj, n) finery, gewgaw; unimportant, superfluous,
often, incessantly, constantly. (adj) trumpery; (n) frivolity, fluff, subsequent, peripheral, marginal,
ANTONYMS: (adv) infrequently, bagatelle, sundries, spangle, irrelevant, actual, special
unusually, seldom, intermittently, pinchbeck, paste, gimcrack funeral: (n) entombment, interment,
occasionally, spasmodically frivolous: (adj) empty, foolish, dizzy, sepulture, funeral rite, wake, pyre,
fresh: (adj) clean, bracing, novel, petty, idle, light, flighty, observance, funeral sermon, funeral
bright, recent, original, airy, bold, unimportant, flippant, trivial, pile; (adj) sepulchral; (v) bury
pure, green; (adj, v) brisk. superficial. ANTONYMS: (adj) funny: (adj) amusing, strange,
ANTONYMS: (adj) stale, decayed, important, solemn, worthwhile, peculiar, facetious, droll, eccentric,
hot, tired, worn, rotten, off, musty, vital, weighty, staid, significant, fishy, diverting, queer, suspicious,
muggy, humid, exhausted sensible, responsible, crucial, heavy unusual. ANTONYMS: (adj) serious,
freshness: (adj) coolness; (n) front: (v) confront, look; (n) grave, obvious, tragic, ordinary,
impertinence, gall, greenness, countenance, forefront, appearance, normal, easy, dull
impudence, insolence, newness, facade, forehead, frontage; (adj, n) furious: (adj, v) fierce, violent,
viridity, originality, crust, crispness. head; (n, v) disguise; (adj) fore. vehement, wild, rampant; (adj)
ANTONYMS: (n) oldness, clutter, ANTONYMS: (adj, n, v) back; (adj, frantic, enraged, ferocious,
humidity, mustiness n) end; (adj) posterior; (v) follow boisterous, raging, frenzied.
fretting: (adj) irritable, dissatisfied, frost: (n, v) freeze, chill; (n) cold, ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, mild,
peevish; (n) festering, friction, hoarfrost, icing, hoar, Robert lee gentle, pleased, mellow, quiet, slow
exulceration frost, failure; (adj, n) rime; (v) ice; furnished: (adj) fitted, arranged,
friend: (adj, n) associate, comrade, (adj) frozen. ANTONYMS: (n) hot, privileged, instruct, carrying
companion, fellow, ally; (n) heat, warmth weapons, equipt, enlightened; (v)
acquaintance, colleague, boyfriend, frowning: (adj) dismal, dark, gloomy, provide, furnish, begone, beset
crony, brother, mate. ANTONYMS: lowering, scowling, frowny, furtively: (adv) stealthily, covertly,
(n) foe, stranger, rival, nemesis, clouded; (adv) frowningly; (n) surreptitiously, sneakily,
adversary, antagonist austere, boisterous, coarse clandestinely, secretively, sly,
friendly: (adj, n) favorable; (adj) frugal: (adj) thrifty, abstemious, sneakingly, underhandedly,
amiable, affectionate, decent, good- sparing, austere, prudent, careful, undercoverly, craftily.
natured, kind, convivial, provident, moderate, parsimonious; ANTONYMS: (adv) deliberately,
companionable, benevolent, (adj, v) chary; (v) scant. brazenly
amicable; (adj, adv) comradely. ANTONYMS: (adj) extravagant, fury: (n) anger, exasperation, force,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unfriendly, luxurious, wasteful, hedonistic, resentment, delirium, furor, frenzy,
distant, disagreeable, aggressive, abundant, lavish indignation, craze; (adj, n) wrath,
aloof, formal, frosty, belligerent, fruit: (n) crop, outgrowth, product, ferocity. ANTONYMS: (n)
curt, reserved, impersonal fruitage, progeny, acorn, composure, calmness, mildness,
friends: (n) circle, associates, production, yield, aftermath; (n, v) calm, pleasure, serenity
connections, links, support group, result; (v) return fuss: (n, v) flurry, bicker, fidget,
acquaintances fully: (adv) thoroughly, entirely, hubbub; (adj, n) stir; (n) flap,
friendship: (n) association, perfectly, totally, absolutely, all, commotion, ado, bother,
familiarity, affection, downright, enough, richly; (adv, v) disturbance; (v) fret. ANTONYM:
companionship, friendliness, abundantly, adequately. (n) peace
intimacy, company, attachment, ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially, fussy: (adj) fastidious, busy,
relationship; (n, v) amity, concord. incompletely, meagerly, partly, particular, choosy, crabbed, crabby,
ANTONYMS: (n) hostility, poorly, nearly, slightly, fidgety, picky, difficult, finical,
animosity, antagonism, conflict, insufficiently, hardly; (adj) half, meticulous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
formality, rivalry, hatred, semi easy, plain, easygoing,
detachment, distance, isolation fumbling: (adj) clumsy, fumble, indiscriminate, shy, understated,
fright: (n, v) dismay, alarm, scare, butterfingered, awkward, bumbling, consistent, lax, careless, relaxed,
affright; (n) awe, fear, dread, terror, bunglesome, clunky, cumbersome, sloppy
horror, consternation, apprehension. incompetent, left-handed, unskilled future: (adj) unborn, prospective,
ANTONYMS: (n) calm, fearlessness, fume: (n, v) smoke, reek; (v) chafe, coming, intended, to come,
courage, confidence, security rage, storm, evaporate, fret; (adj, v) potential, impending, approaching;
frightened: (adj) fearful, timid, seethe, boil; (adj, n) foam; (n) choler (n) hereafter, fate, time to come.
startled, terrified, scared, alarmed, fumes: (n) gas, exhaust, exhaust ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, earlier,
anxious, apprehensive, horrified, fumes, smokes, smog, vapor, near, nearby
intimidated, restless. ANTONYMS: exhalation, steam, smoke, toxic gain: (n, v) profit, benefit, win, catch,
(adj) unimpressed, confident, brave, waste, contamination advance; (v) derive, earn, get, attain,
fearless, reassured fundamental: (adj, n) essential; (n) reach; (n) earnings. ANTONYMS:
frightfully: (adv) awfully, ghastly, base, basis, root; (adj) cardinal, key, (n) loss, deficit, disadvantage,
dreadfully, fearfully, hideously, basic, rudimentary, elementary, setback; (n, v) decrease; (v) reduce,
terribly, gruesomely, terrifically, chief, significant. ANTONYMS: (adj) scatter, collapse
game: (n) fun, amusement, gentleman: (n) gent, Mr, male, ANTONYMS: (adj) nasty,
entertainment, play, diversion, prey, patrician, sir, adult male, esquire, tightfisted, malevolent, mean, stiff,
quarry; (v) bet, wager, gamble; (adj) sahib, gentlemen; (adj) stingy
fearless. ANTONYMS: (adj) reticent, gentilhomme, gentlemanly glad: (adj) jubilant, cheerful, gay,
unwilling; (n) hunter gentlemanly: (adj) courteous, polite, blithe, delighted, festive, content,
games: (n) athletics, gaming, fun, chivalrous, refined, gallant, suave, delightful, genial, bright, willing.
amusement, sports instruction, mannerly, genteel, gentle, well-bred; ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy,
sports education, recreation, (n) gentleman. ANTONYMS: (adj) apologetic, dismayed, unwilling,
tournament, exercise rude, unbecoming disappointed, sorry
garden: (v) farm, cultivate, tend; (n) gentlemen: (n) sirs, messieurs gladly: (adv, v) happily; (adv)
field, bed, plantation, orchard, gentry: (n) aristocracy, gentility, gleefully, contentedly, cheerfully,
grove, grounds, park; (adj) gardenly gentlefolk, nobility, elite, peerage, fain, joyfully, jovially, cheerily,
gasp: (n, v) pant; (v) puff, blow, squirearchy, second estate, society, delightedly, gladsomely, readily.
breathe, sigh, heave, wheeze, upper class ANTONYMS: (adv) reluctantly,
breathe heavily, gag; (n) inhalation, genuine: (adj, n) authentic, true, unwillingly, sadly, resentfully,
breath faithful; (adj) unsophisticated, miserably
gasping: (adj) panting, winded, sincere, candid, hearty, factual, glance: (n, v) look, peek, flash, peep;
blown, out of breath, thirsty, pursy; artless, very, real. ANTONYMS: (n) gaze, glimpse, coup d'oeil,
(v) spavined, touched in the wind (adj) insincere, bogus, fake, affected, gander; (v) bounce, glint, ricochet.
gathered: (adj) deepened, artificial, dishonest, pretend, false, ANTONYMS: (n, v) study; (n)
congregated, accumulated, amassed, hypocritical, replica, counterfeit examination, perusal; (v) stick, stare
assembled, concentrated, genuinely: (adj, adv) sincerely, glancing: (adj) passing
equanimous, congregate, collective actually; (adv) authentically, glaring: (adj) conspicuous, bright,
gathering: (n) collection, honestly, naturally, truly, truely, blatant, egregious, obvious, plain,
accumulation, concourse, legitimately, truthfully, purely, flaming, garish, crying, gross, glary.
congregation, assemblage, crowd, faithfully. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) soft,
compilation, meeting, crew, gather, insincerely, affectedly, inconspicuous, dull, minor
throng. ANTONYMS: (n) pretentiously, mildly glass: (n) bottle, drink, goblet, cup,
dismantling, scattering george: (n) Christian martyr, saint drinking glass, spectacles, glasses,
gaudy: (adj) flashy, loud, showy, George, St George field glass, bowl; (v) glaze; (adj, n)
garish, flamboyant, tasteless, german: (n) German language, Jerry, ice
colorful, tacky, brassy, tawdry, Teuton, Hun, Yiddish, High glasses: (n) spectacles, eyeglasses,
florid. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful, German; (adj) Teutonic, Germanic; glass, specs, spectacle, eyeglass,
restrained, muted, drab, modest, (adj, n) Alman barnacles, lens, pair of glasses,
dull, quality germany: (n) Federal Republic of mirror, goggles
gazing: (adj) fixed Germany, Deutschland, FRG glassful: (n) a mirror, containerful,
generalised: (adj) unspecialized, gets: (n) getting drinking glass, field glass
general get-up: (n) outfit, garb, costume, gleaming: (adj) brilliant, shiny,
generally: (adj, adv) usually; (adv) clothing, guise, disguise, attire, radiant, glossy, lustrous, glowing,
commonly, broadly, regularly, apparel beaming, resplendent; (n) gleam,
ordinarily, altogether, giddy: (adj, v) flighty; (adj) dizzy, glimmer; (adj, adv) agleam.
approximately, generically, faint, silly, changeable, vertiginous, ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, dirty,
normally, comprehensively, featherbrained, light, fickle, rough
popularly. ANTONYMS: (adv) capricious; (adv) careless. glimmer: (adj, n, v) flicker, twinkle;
rarely, specifically, locally, ANTONYMS: (adj) serious, dull (n, v) gleam, shimmer, flash,
occasionally, particularly, unusually gifts: (n) money, generosity, sparkle, beam, glow, shine; (v) blink;
generation: (n) creation, epoch, era, contributions, charity, caliber, aid, (n) gleaming
tribe, offspring, formation, munificence, bounty. ANTONYM: glimpse: (n, v) look, peek; (v) blink,
contemporaries, time, period, day; (n) meanness see, notice, spy, spot, espy; (n) coup
(n, v) genesis giggling: (n) laughter d'oeil, view, peep. ANTONYMS: (n)
generations: (n) generation, family girl: (n) damsel, gal, lady, young scrutiny, observation, perusal; (v)
genius: (adj, n) capacity, ability, woman, maid, lass, fille, wench, scrutinize, survey, Miss, study
endowment, faculty, gift, cleverness; daughter, bride, virgin. globe: (n) earth, world, orb, circle,
(n) flair, brain, prodigy, bent, ANTONYMS: (n) son, boy eyeball, round, planet, bolus,
aptitude. ANTONYM: (n) amateur gist: (n) content, substance, core, fireball, bulb; (adj, n) sphere
gentle: (adj) easy, friendly, soft, kind, essence, heart, crux, marrow, matter, gloomy: (adj) black, desolate,
affable, balmy, mild, feeble, meaning, kernel; (adj, n) dejected, cheerless, depressing,
compassionate; (adj, adv) calm; (adj, quintessence dismal, downcast, disconsolate,
v) tame. ANTONYMS: (adj) harsh, giving: (n) endowment, donation, melancholy, funereal, downhearted.
loud, fierce, caustic, violent, rough, presentation, bestowal, disposal; ANTONYMS: (adj) encouraging,
hardhearted, abrupt, heavy, steep, (adj) liberal, generous, charitable, cheery, cheerful, bright, hopeful,
sheer bighearted, big, humanitarian. light, promising, uplifting, joyful,
sunny, clear strenuous gravely: (adv) seriously, soberly,
gloves: (n) gauntlet, mitten, mittens, graciously: (adv) gracefully, mildly, severely, solemnly, badly, staidly,
gauntlets, scarf, ornament, handbag, politely, courteously, benevolently, momentously, heavily, earnestly,
belt, batting glove, boxing glove, benignantly, civilly, weightily, grievously. ANTONYMS:
baseball mitt sympathetically, mercifully, (adv) lightheartedly, mildly,
glowing: (adj, n) enthusiastic, cordial, leniently, suavely. ANTONYMS: slightly; (adj) soft
passionate; (adj) burning, fervent, (adv) bitterly, coarsely, poorly, graves: (n) Robert Graves, Robert
blazing, flaming, fiery, dazzling; ungraciously, harshly Ranke Graves
(adj, v) warm; (adj, adv) aglow. grain: (adj, n) crumb; (n) bit, berry, greasy: (adj) fatty, dirty, oily, tallowy,
ANTONYMS: (adj) pale, wan, fragment, cereal, scrap, kernel, slick, sebaceous, unclean, unctuous,
unhappy, unenthusiastic, speck, atom, grist, character. slippery, adipose, oleaginous.
derogatory, dispassionate, unwell ANTONYM: (n) lot ANTONYM: (adj) lean
glutton: (n) wolverine, gormandizer, grand: (adj, n) glorious, excellent; greater: (adj) larger, more, major,
devourer, feeder, trencherman, (adj, n, v) noble; (adj) gorgeous, higher, superior, most, great, bigger,
cormorant, gourmand, eater, Gulo August, superb, important, majestic, increased, considerable, not
Gulo, mustelid; (adj) voracious. exalted; (adj, v) great, dignified. inconsiderable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ANTONYM: (n) Dieter ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressive, inferior, smaller, small, lower
gnawing: (v) corroding, biting; (n) humble, modest, unimportant, poor, greatest: (adj) top, superlative,
arrosion base, inferior, limited, incomplete, biggest, utmost, largest, extreme,
goal: (n) destination, butt, purpose, restricted, small first; (adj, n) maximum, most; (adj,
design, end, basket, objective, grant: (adj, v) bestow, allow, confer; v) paramount, supreme.
intention, object, target, ambition. (n, v) award, gift, boon; (v) concede, ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior,
ANTONYM: (n) extension afford, admit, acknowledge; (adj, n, secondary
gold: (n) Au, money, riches, wealth, v) present. ANTONYMS: (v) deny, greatly: (adv) badly, enormously,
bullion, treasure, yellow, amber; reject, refuse, maintain, prohibit, considerably, extremely, highly,
(adj) aureate, gilt, golden disagree, retrieve, take, withhold, vastly, immensely, mightily, hugely;
golden: (adj) aureate, fortunate, withdraw (adj, adv) far, deeply. ANTONYMS:
gilded, auspicious, gold, gilt, lucky, granted: (adj, v) assumed; (adj) fixed, (adv) mildly, hardly, superficially,
advantageous, fair, favorable, approved, settled, privileged, legal, poorly, lightly, insignificantly,
favored. ANTONYM: (adj) decided, acknowledged, arranged; barely, moderately
inauspicious (v) disposed; (adv) yes green: (adj) callow, immature, young,
good-bye: (n) bye, farewell, goodbye, grasp: (adj, n, v) catch; (n, v) clutch, jealous, youthful, emerald, crude,
goodby, vale, adios, cheerio clasp, hold, clinch; (v) comprehend, juvenile, gullible, inexperienced;
good-looking: (adj) beautiful, embrace, grapple, apprehend, (adj, v) raw. ANTONYMS: (adj)
comely, handsome, pretty, fine, fair, conceive, cling. ANTONYMS: (n, v) ripe, urban, withering,
lovely, gorgeous, charming, bonny, Miss; (v) overlook, lose, give; (n) sophisticated, seasoned, old, arid,
graceful ignorance mature, limp, artificial
good-natured: (adj) kindly, friendly, gratification: (adj, n) delight; (n, v) greet: (n, v) receive; (v) address,
kind, obliging, gracious, kind- content; (n) enjoyment, pleasure, acknowledge, hail, welcome, cry,
hearted, genial, good, bland, sweet, satisfaction, fruition, complacency, salute, bid, weep, meet, recognize
good-tempered joy, luxury, treat, fulfillment. greeting: (n) welcome, salutation,
goodness: (adj, n) generosity, ANTONYMS: (n) dissatisfaction, address, greet, compliments,
kindness, gentleness; (n) good, disenchantment, dismay, discontent, acknowledgment, accost, hello,
excellence, benefit, virtue, worth, anxiety hullo, nod; (v) salute. ANTONYM:
morality; (adj) favor, beneficence. gratified: (adj) glad, satisfied, (n) goodbye
ANTONYMS: (n) evil, wickedness, pleased, delighted, happy, thankful, grew: (v) become, develop; (adj)
badness, corruptness, bad, grateful, content, complacent, grown
immorality, corruption comfortable, cheerful grief: (adj, n, v) affliction; (n) dolor,
grace: (adj, v) adorn; (v) garnish, gratitude: (n) appreciation, thanks, anguish, distress, agony, pain,
deck, embellish, beautify, decorate, thank, acknowledgement, wound, chagrin, concern; (n, v)
embroider; (adj, n, v) favor; (n) acknowledgment, appreciativeness, regret; (adj) sore. ANTONYMS: (n)
elegance, beauty; (adj, n) clemency. feeling, appreciate, grateful, joy, happiness, comfort, content,
ANTONYMS: (n) unseemliness, thanksgiving, kindness. peace
awkwardness, disfavor, inelegance, ANTONYMS: (n) ingratitude, grim: (adj) austere, glum, cheerless,
heaviness, unkindness; (v) deface, ungratefulness dour, ghastly, dreary, forbidding,
demean grave: (adj) solemn, serious, critical, dark, dire, hard, dismal.
graceful: (adj) beautiful, delicate, earnest, dangerous, sedate, sad, ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerful, bright,
amiable, easy, fine, charming, fair, grand; (adj, v) severe, acute; (v) funny, kindly, hospitable, pleasant,
airy, becoming, lovely, lithe. engrave. ANTONYMS: (adj) promising, simple, wonderful
ANTONYMS: (adj) inelegant, frivolous, funny, cheerful, carefree, grimace: (n, v) scowl, glower, sneer,
stocky, awkward, vigorous, jerky, slight, nonchalant, trivial, stable, smile, roar; (n) face, mop, mouth,
ugly, stilted, heavy, coarse, minor, insignificant, favorable expression; (v) pull a face, wince
grin: (n, v) beam; (v) laugh, sneer, grumpy, irritable handkerchief: (n) hankie, kerchief,
leer, quib, quip, satire, skit; (n) guaranteed: (adj) assured, definite, bandanna, cravat, hanky, wipe,
smirk, grinning, simper. certain, warranted, secure, secured, bandana, collar, shawl; (n, v)
ANTONYM: (v) frown bonded, insured, safe, certified, napkin; (v) sudary
grind: (n, v) labor, toil, comminute, undisputable. ANTONYMS: (adj) hands: (n) custody, keeping,
drudge; (v) grate, crunch, abrade, unreliable, unlikely, doubtful, personnel, safekeeping, hold, shift,
chew, scrape, mash; (n) mill. optional workforce, men, manpower,
ANTONYMS: (v) blunt, smooth guess: (n, v) surmise, estimate, guardianship, full complement
grinding: (v) cutting, excruciating, forecast; (v) suppose, deem, reckon, handsome: (adj) fair, beautiful, fine,
consuming, corroding; (n) abrasion, divine, believe, foretell; (n) generous, charming, comely,
friction, sharpening, detrition; (adj) assumption, supposition attractive, bountiful, considerable,
grating, extortionate, hard guessed: (adj) rude, inscrutable bonny, prepossessing. ANTONYMS:
gripped: (adj) obsessed, engrossed, guffaw: (n, v) laugh, chuckle, snicker, (adj) ugly, unattractive, meager,
held, seized, captivated, fanatical, hoot, giggle, cackle; (n) belly laugh, ungenerous, measly, plain
absorbed, occupied, preoccupied, horselaugh, laughter; (v) cachinnate, hang: (adj, n, v) suspend; (v) dangle,
rapt, spellbound. ANTONYM: (adj) roar. ANTONYM: (v) cry depend, drape, float, fall, hover,
uninterested guilty: (adj) culpable, faulty, wicked, append, string up; (n, v) delay; (adj)
grossly: (adv) rudely, roughly, hangdog, criminal, chargeable, hung
commonly, heavily, bluntly, sinful, blameworthy; (n) guilt, hanging: (n) execution, curtain, arras,
disgustingly, shamefully, rankly, culprit; (adj, v) condemned. wall hanging; (adj) suspended,
totally, uncouthly, obscenely. ANTONYMS: (adj) blameless, pendent, pendant, pendulous, hung,
ANTONYM: (adv) appealingly aggressive, proud pending; (n, v) suspension
ground: (n, v) base, land, floor; (v) habit: (n) clothing, practice, dress, happen: (n, v) betide; (v) arise, befall,
found, establish; (adj, n, v) bottom; garb, attire, convention, character, develop, go, come, fall, chance,
(n) earth, reason, field, soil, dirt. ritual, addiction, clothes; (n, v) use. come about, occur, get. ANTONYM:
ANTONYMS: (n) sea, figure; (v) ANTONYM: (n) innovation (v) disappear
launch, top habits: (n) behavior, decorum, happening: (n) incident, episode,
grounds: (n) cause, reason, account, pratique circumstance, contingency, affair,
basis, motive, justification, habitual: (adj, n) common, frequent, event, fact, occurrence, experience,
foundation, evidence, field, usual; (adj) chronic, conventional, occasion, eventuality
rationale; (adj, n) dregs. confirmed, accustomed, natural, happily: (adv) fortunately, joyously,
ANTONYM: (n) effect commonplace, everyday, ordinary. joyfully, merrily, luckily, gladly,
grovel: (v) cringe, crawl, creep, fawn, ANTONYMS: (adj) occasional, blissfully, cheerfully, felicitously,
flatter, sneak; (adj, v) crouch, infrequent, mild, irregular, providentially, successfully.
wallow; (adj) stoop, derogate, lose exceptional, erratic, abnormal, ANTONYMS: (adv) miserably,
caste innovative unhappily, sadly, unfortunately,
grow: (v) expand, advance, augment, hackneyed: (adj) banal, trite, unsuccessfully, reluctantly,
enlarge, come, emerge, spring, common, stock, corny, conventional, gloomily, discontentedly,
become, farm, turn, get. stale, threadbare, tired, despondently, negatively,
ANTONYMS: (v) decrease, weaken, platitudinous, unoriginal. grudgingly
shrink, decline, drop, collapse, ANTONYMS: (adj) fresh, novel, happiness: (n) delight, merriment,
struggle, wane, plummet, dwindle, imaginative, exceptional ecstasy, welfare, gladness, luck,
deteriorate hair: (n) coat, coma, haircloth, pile, cheerfulness, blessedness, bliss,
growing: (n) development, growth; locks, filament, fleece, fur, felicity, contentment. ANTONYMS:
(adj, adv) increasing; (adj) hairbreadth, down, forelock (n) sadness, despair, grief, misery,
flourishing, thriving, blossoming, halcyon: (adj) calm, peaceful, dissatisfaction, seriousness,
expanding, swelling, progressive; untroubled, tranquil, happy, quiet, dullness, discontent, dejection,
(adj, n) developing; (v) grow. auspicious, prosperous, golden; (v) gloominess, displeasure
ANTONYMS: (adj) dwindling, pacific; (n) alcyon happy: (adj) felicitous, contented,
decreasing, downward; (n) halfpenny: (adj) feather, bulrush, old gay, buoyant, content, gleeful,
nondevelopment son, jot, pinch of snuff, peppercorn, gratified, pleasant, glad, carefree;
grown: (adj) mature, big, growed, rap; (n) bawbee, doit, farthing (adj, n) auspicious. ANTONYMS:
grown-up, developed, ripe, halfway: (adj, n) middle; (adj) central, (adj) sad, depressed, dejected,
grownup, fully grown, full-grown, center, intermediate, partial, mean, sorrowful, miserable, unlucky,
growth, become. ANTONYM: (adj) median; (adv) partly, imperfectly, sorry, reluctant, irritable,
unripe nearly; (prep) between. ANTONYM: unfortunately, gloomy
grown-up: (adj) mature, big, full- (adj) extreme harassed: (adj) annoyed, pestered,
grown, ripe, grown, full-fledged hampered: (adj) impeded, confined, irritated, bothered, annoy, jittery,
grumbling: (n) grumble, growling, fraught, held back, in an inferior worried, troubled, beleaguered,
murmur, murmuring, mutter, position, disadvantaged, weighed obsessed, harried. ANTONYMS:
muttering; (adj, n) rumbling; (adv) down, loaded, in a weak position, (adj) calm, carefree
grumblingly; (adj) grouchy, responsible, troubled harassing: (adj) troublesome, carking,
galling, thorny, vexatious; (v) harmoniously, quietly, gently, head stick
bothering, pestering, tormenting, elaborately, leniently, smoothly, healthy: (adj) healthful, wholesome,
worrying, annoy, harass tolerantly, cheerfully, loosely, salubrious, hale, good, fit, beneficial,
hard: (adj, n) austere, rough; (adj, v) pleasantly whole, well, sound, hearty.
grave, severe, acute; (adj) bad, haste: (n, v) hurry, dash, dispatch, ANTONYMS: (adj) unwell, harmful,
difficult, strong, callous, cruel, rush; (n) celerity, expedition, unfit, soporific, dependent,
tough. ANTONYMS: (adj) easy, rapidity, speed, bustle, hastiness, fattening, infected, unwholesome,
kind, soggy, tender, merciful, quickness. ANTONYMS: (n) delay, weak, ill, underfed
yielding, simple; (adv) lightly, patience, forethought, caution heap: (n, v) pile, aggregate, amass; (n)
gently, lackadaisically; (adj, adv) hastened: (adj) careless collection, accumulation, mound,
flexible hate: (v) abhor, detest, loathe, mass, group, lot; (v) bank, collect.
harder: (adj) serious abominate; (n) enmity, abhorrence, ANTONYM: (v) tidy
hardly: (adj, adv) barely, scarcely; detestation, hatred, animosity, hear: (int, v) attend; (v) find out,
(adv) severely, harshly, roughly, antipathy, aversion. ANTONYMS: discover, understand, apprehend,
badly, toughly, laboriously, (n, v) like; (v) adore, cherish, hark, learn, try, examine, listen; (adj)
arduously, cruelly, heavily. admire; (n) attraction, liking, heard
ANTONYMS: (adv) extremely, delight, adoration heard: (n) hearing
fully, well, easily hated: (adj) despised, disliked, not hearing: (n) audition, ear, auditory
harm: (adj, n, v) damage, hurt; (adj, liked, reviled, scorned, unloved, sense, trial, consultation, reach,
n) evil, detriment, injury; (n, v) unpopular. ANTONYM: (adj) auscultation, inquiry; (n, v) earshot,
abuse, wound, blemish, precious sound; (adj, n) audience
disadvantage; (n) bruise; (adj, v) hateful: (adj) disgusting, execrable, heart: (adj, n) core, gist, marrow; (n)
injure. ANTONYMS: (n, v) benefit, nasty, abominable, hideous, spirit, center, essence, basis, kernel,
respect, help; (n) reparation, service; despicable, repulsive, distasteful, crux, breast, hub. ANTONYMS: (n)
(v) enable, spoil, protect, defend, foul; (adj, v) odious, obnoxious. body, surface
repair ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, kind, heartlessly: (adv) mercilessly,
harmful: (adj) hurtful, nice, benign, desirable pitilessly, ruthlessly, inhumanly,
disadvantageous, noxious, hating: (adj) loathful, abhorring, callously, unkindly, unfeelingly,
destructive, injurious, detrimental, disgusting, misanthropic, vengeful; brutally, unsympathetically,
dangerous, damaging, deleterious, (n) venom harshly, insensitively. ANTONYMS:
evil, maleficent. ANTONYMS: (adj) hatred: (n, v) detestation, enmity, (adv) sympathetically, sensitively,
healthy, safe, helpful, advantageous, animosity; (n) aversion, antipathy, mercifully, humanely
beneficial, benign, constructive, disgust, abhorrence, grudge, anger, hearts: (n) Black Maria, spades
innocuous, favorable, pleasant abomination, hostility. heavenly: (adj) celestial, blissful,
harmless: (adj) safe, benign, ANTONYMS: (n) liking, adoration, ethereal, delightful, angelic, blessed,
inoffensive, hurtless, innocent, affection, attraction, goodwill, elysian, holy, unearthly, godlike,
innoxious, intact, simple; (n) silly; kindness, delight, friendliness, sacred. ANTONYMS: (adj) worldly,
(adj, n) foolish; (v) weaponless. admiration miserable, infernal, hellish,
ANTONYMS: (adj) lethal, haunted: (adj) ghostly, ghostlike, unappealing, dreadful, turbulent
damaging, destructive, poisonous, phantom, taken up, preoccupied, heavens: (n) firmament, heaven, sky,
toxic, serious, offensive, malicious, possessed, unearthly, magical, mad, welkin, sphere, atmosphere, celestial
hurtful, noxious, unpleasant infatuated, concerned sphere, space, skies, area, vault of
harmony: (n) accord, consonance, haunting: (adj) moving, memorable, heaven
agreement, correspondence, unforgettable, beguiling, attractive, heavily: (adv) seriously, weightily,
accordance, congruity, consistency, ominous, weird, treasured, severely, ponderously, hard, firmly,
amity; (n, v) concord, peace; (v) evocative, etched in your mind, thickly, grievously, sadly, strongly,
concert. ANTONYMS: (n) discord, deep. ANTONYMS: (adj) compactly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
disagreement, argument, conflict, forgettable, unremarkable gently, nimbly, briskly, sparsely,
bitterness, harshness, incongruity, hazel: (n) cobnut, hazelnut, hazel thinly, slightly
uproar, hostility, misery, upheaval tree, wood, brown, hazelnut tree, heavy: (adj, n) dull; (adj) deep, fat,
harsh: (adj, v) sharp, bitter; (adj, n) filbert bush, cob, beaked hazelnut, dense, grave, dark, full, gross, thick,
grating, coarse, austere, discordant; auburn; (adj) chromatic bulky; (adj, adv) hard.
(adj) grim, cruel, crude, unkind, headlong: (adj, adv) headfirst; (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) slim, easy, thin,
stern. ANTONYMS: (adj) gentle, directly, hastily, precipitately; (adj) slight, skinny, puny, gentle,
soft, harmonious, pleasant, lenient, rash, hurried, desperate, insubstantial, animated, nimble,
kind, melodious, sweet, mild, lush, precipitous, impetuous, sudden, entertaining
friendly precipitate. ANTONYMS: (adj) height: (n) apex, crest, altitude,
harshly: (adv) roughly, severely, cautiously, considered; (adv) pinnacle, peak, top, culmination,
sternly, sharply, cruelly, hoarsely, carefully level, zenith, summit, climax.
strictly, pitilessly, rigorously, heads: (n) conspectus, contents, ANTONYMS: (n) shortness, nadir,
rigidly; (adj, adv) piercingly. prospectus, syllabus, synopsis, depth, trough, deepness, base, dip
ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, public, textbook, people, outlines, held: (adj) absorbed, confined, kept,
apprehended, seized, supposed, uppermost. ANTONYMS: (adj) candidly, fairly, genuinely, really;
reputed, tenable, thought, trapped; bottom, minor (adv) openly, directly, faithfully,
(v) detain high-flown: (adj) grandiloquent, plainly, truthfully. ANTONYMS:
hell: (n) blaze, Hades, underworld, pompous, stilted, grandiose, (adv) misleadingly, deceitfully,
perdition, inferno, pandemonium, elevated, metaphysical, imaginative, unfairly, insincerely, hesitantly,
netherworld, Abaddon, Gehenna, ideal, heroic, florid, snobbish untruthfully, guardedly,
purgatory, trial. ANTONYM: (n) highly: (adv) greatly, extremely, ambiguously, politely
paradise much, loftily, exceedingly, mightily, honesty: (adj, n) candor, justice,
helped: (adj) aided, assisted; (v) eminently, toweringly, too, largely; fidelity, equity; (n) integrity,
HALP (adj, adv) very. ANTONYMS: (adv) fairness, candidness, probity,
hero: (n) character, protector, leader, insignificantly, poorly, simply, frankness, rectitude, faith.
demigod, warrior, protagonist, slightly, ill ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty,
combatant, fighter, defender, hint: (v) suggest; (adj, n) trace; (n) wickedness, treachery, deceit,
bomber; (adj, n) worthy. suggestion, intimation, inkling, cue, deception, deviousness, decadence,
ANTONYMS: (n) coward, loser, allusion; (n, v) tip, touch, dash; (adj, affectation, caution, evasiveness,
villain v) intimate. ANTONYM: (n) injustice
heroine: (n) woman, persona, brave overtone honour: (n) fame, award, dignity,
woman, role, protagonist, part, historian: (n) annalist, homage, celebrity, accolade,
leading lady, heroess, role model, historiographer, student, scholar, reputation; (n, v) honor; (v) respect,
female lead, character storier, Woodward, gibbon, art celebrate, dignify. ANTONYMS: (n,
herself: (adj) oneself, self, himself, historian, Bede, durant, Franklin v) dishonor; (v) disrespect
myself, yourself, yourselves, hitting: (n) striking, collision, header, honourable: (adj) estimable,
themselves, ourselves, itself grounder, smash, beating, thrashing, reverend, venerable, glorious,
hesitation: (n, v) falter, fear; (n) contact, contusion, drumming; (adj) honorable, distinguished, above-
hesitance, faltering, delay, hesitate, convincing. ANTONYM: (n) victory board, good, worthy, right, noble
diffidence, hesitancy, qualm, hold: (n, v) keep, grip, grasp, honourably: (adv) uprightly,
reluctance; (v) hesitating. entertain; (v) endure, detain, adhere, worthily, honestly, creditably,
ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, bear, have, contain, comprise. commendably
resolution, confidence, decisiveness, ANTONYMS: (v) fail, disagree, lose, hope: (n, v) trust, desire; (n)
enthusiasm, inclination, willingness free, deny, remove, lack; (n) aspiration, faith, belief, expectation,
hidden: (adj) clandestine, concealed, separation, repulsion confidence, expectancy, anticipation;
obscure, dark, secret, latent, covert, holding: (n) keeping, belongings, (v) confide, anticipate.
invisible, arcane, covered; (adj, v) hold, claim, property, asset, ANTONYMS: (n) reality, past,
confidential. ANTONYMS: (adj) ownership, take, retention, capture; pessimism, distrust, independence
exposed, open, active, noticeable, (adj) retaining hopelessness: (n) despair,
overt, revealing, known, explicit, hole: (adj, n) gap; (n) aperture, den, despondency, discouragement,
mainstream, transparent, visible hollow, crack, pocket, break, lair, depression, desolation, sadness,
hide: (n, v) cover, disguise, shelter, pit, fix, depression. ANTONYMS: dismay, hopeless, gloominess,
veil; (adj, v) obscure; (n) fur, fell, (n) mansion, mend gloom, dissatisfaction.
coat; (v) bury, mask; (adj, n, v) holes: (n) cavity, holes tow ANTONYMS: (n) capability, power,
darken. ANTONYMS: (v) show, hollow: (adj, n) blank; (n) cavity, worth, cheerfulness, effectiveness,
expose, express, divulge, unearth, depression, cave, dell; (adj) empty, joy, possibility, competence,
amplify, advertise, clarify false; (adj, n, v) concave; (n, v) happiness
hideous: (adj) dreadful, frightful, excavate, dent, scoop. ANTONYMS: hoping: (adj) desirous, expectant,
fearful, ghastly, horrid, ugly, (adj) convex, sincere, true, full, optimistic, eager
repulsive, lurid, horrible, grisly, meaningful, cramped, valid; (n) horrible: (adj) awful, fearful,
grim. ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, hump, bump, hill, lump frightful, abominable, grisly,
pleasant, beautiful, wonderful holy: (adj) devout, divine, heavenly, formidable, dire, ghastly, dreadful,
hiding: (n) covering, concealment, religious, blessed, hallowed, fearsome; (adj, v) horrid.
concealing, beating, screening, spiritual, devotional, pure; (adj, adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) wonderful,
thrashing, flogging, rout, burial, saintly; (adv) sacredly. lovely, nice, lovable, fair, delightful,
drubbing, ambush ANTONYMS: (adj) irreligious, slight, appealing, minor, attractive,
high-class: (adj) high, superior, unholy great
patrician, posh, rich, cultured honest: (adj) fair, genuine, sincere, horribly: (adv) horrifically, awfully,
higher: (adj) greater, upper, major, good, equitable, artless, heartfelt, terrifically, hideously, atrociously,
senior, over, more, better, advanced, guileless, frank, forthright, faithful. appallingly; (adj, adv) frightfully,
bigger; (prep) above, upon. ANTONYMS: (adj) lying, terribly, fearfully, shockingly; (adj)
ANTONYMS: (adj) basic, junior, misleading, guarded, corrupt, ghastly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
lower disloyal, unwholesome, pleasantly, wonderfully, kindly,
highest: (adj, n) most; (adj) best, discourteous, disreputable, fictional, sweetly
chief, foremost, first, supreme, crafty, crooked horrid: (adj) grisly, ghastly, ugly,
topmost, extreme, utmost, top, honestly: (adj, adv) justly, sincerely, gruesome, grim, fearful, dreadful,
direful, dire, horrible, fearsome. humiliate: (n, v) degrade, debase, amphetamine, forward, eager
ANTONYMS: (adj) lovely, nice, disgrace, abase; (adj, n, v) humble; hurt: (adj, n, v) damage, detriment;
appealing, attractive, kind (v) demean, mortify, insult, (adj, n) evil; (n, v) wound, pain,
horror: (n) abomination, abhorrence, embarrass, snub, lower. ache, distress; (n) disadvantage,
dismay, fear, fright, revulsion, ANTONYMS: (v) acknowledge, lesion; (v) afflict; (adj, v) injure.
alarm, repulsion, anxiety; (adj, n) glorify, aggrandize, exalt, dignify, ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurt,
dread, terror. ANTONYMS: (n) boost, uplift, praise unaffected, healed; (v) encourage,
delight, attraction, proclivity, humiliated: (adj) humbled, mortified, please, protect, repair, defend; (n, v)
bravery, calm, confidence, security embarrassed, humble, broken, help; (n) reparation, pleasure
horse: (n, v) mount; (n) buck, heroin, abashed, crushed, miserable, husband: (v) conserve, economize,
junk, charger, knight, pony, rider, shamefaced, abject, feeling guilty preserve, save; (n) consort, hubby,
trestle, eohippus, dog humiliating: (adj) humbling, man, fellow, lover, master, mate.
hospital: (n) clinic, sanitarium, embarrassing, mortifying, ANTONYMS: (n) wife, bachelor
institution, home, asylum, hospice, demeaning, shameful, disgraceful, hush: (adj, n, v) calm, silence, quiet,
lazaret, health facility, lazaretto, ignominious, abject, dishonorable; still, lull; (n) peace; (v) shut up, gag,
spital, foundling hospital (v) humiliate; (n) infra dignitatem. quieten, muffle; (adj, v) soothe.
hostility: (n) animosity, antagonism, ANTONYMS: (adj) dignified, ANTONYMS: (n) noise, turmoil; (v)
aggression, feud, aversion, animus, honorable, glorious, reassuring, Louden
bitterness, hatred, rancor, bad blood, mild hussar: (n) dragoon, cavalry, artillery,
conflict. ANTONYMS: (n) closeness, humiliation: (n) degradation, horse artillery, cavalryman,
goodwill, accord, friendship, disgrace, chagrin, abjection, mounted rifles, uhlan, voltigeur,
receptiveness, peace, receptivity, comedown, indignity, light horse
cooperation, ease, gentleness, embarrassment, mortification, hussy: (n) strumpet, trollop,
harmony dishonor, discredit; (adj, n) shame. fornicatress, adulteress, tramp,
hotel: (n) lodge, house, guesthouse, ANTONYMS: (n) glorification, female, baggage, Trull, minx, quean,
hostelry, inn, tavern, hospice, court, aggrandizement, pride, success, huswife
restaurant, spa, khan making hysteria: (n) delirium, frenzy,
hotly: (adv) heatedly, passionately, humpback: (n) crookback, hump, hysteric, madness, fury, craze, furor,
fervidly, fervently, pepperily, hunchback, stoop, bent, cripple, panic, uterus, neuroticism, mania.
sultrily, intensely, sharply, torridly; humpback whale, baleen whale ANTONYM: (n) order
(adj, adv) violently, vehemently. hundred: (adj) a hundred, one hysterical: (adj, n) feverish; (adj)
ANTONYMS: (adv) impassively, hundred, many; (adj, n) c; (n) cent, wild, violent, eccentric, frenzied,
mildly centred, riding, lathe, soke, tithing, emotional, fitful, febrile, erratic; (n)
hour: (n) clock, o'clock, hours, time, carbon fanatical, hysterics. ANTONYMS:
hr, term, nonce, moment, occasion, hundredth: (n) centesm, common (adj) relaxed, composed, restrained
dawn, dusk fraction, one percent, secular hysterics: (adj) frenzy, hysterical,
hours: (n) period, duty period; (adv) hungry: (adj) eager, avid, famished, phrensy; (n) panic, mirth, emotional
o'clock starving, esurient, greedy, ravenous, behavior, dramatics, paroxysm,
hovering: (adj) suspended, poised, desirous, meager, starveling; (v) rage, tantrum, affected behavior
impending, flying, high starve. ANTONYMS: (adj) full, ideal: (adj) perfect, fanciful,
human: (n) person, man, human satiated, sated, thirsty, unconcerned, consummate, abstract, classic,
being, homo, gay, party; (adj, adv) moderate, healthy, disinterested unreal; (n) standard, paragon,
fleshly; (adj) humane, earthly, hurrah: (int, n) hooray; (n) huzza, cry, example, archetype, perfection.
corporeal, worldly. ANTONYMS: controversy, fervor, passion, praise; ANTONYMS: (adj) wrong, real,
(adj) nonhuman, otherworldly, (int) congratulations, bravo; (v) imperfect; (n) nightmare
heavenly, immortal come; (adv) cheerfully ideals: (n) morality, principle,
humanity: (n) benevolence, mankind, hurriedly: (adv) rapidly, quickly, standard, standards, ethics,
flesh, human race, human, swiftly, abruptly, promptly, fast, in principles
humankind; (adj, n) compassion, haste, suddenly, speedily, rashly, ideas: (n) idea, thoughts, thought,
charity, kindness, benignity, precipitately. ANTONYMS: (adv) thinking, principles, philosophy,
gentleness. ANTONYMS: (n) calmly, unhurriedly, patiently, information, imaginings, data,
severity, inhumanity, nastiness, carefully, gradually, thoroughly content, communication
selfishness hurry: (n) haste; (n, v) bustle, hasten, idle: (adj) lazy, indolent, inactive,
humble: (v) demean, humiliate, dispatch, flurry, rush; (v) scurry, free, unfounded, fruitless, baseless,
mortify; (n, v) disgrace, debase; (adj, dash, accelerate, expedite, run. groundless, frivolous, empty,
n, v) abase; (adj) base, lowly, ANTONYMS: (n) slowness, disengaged. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unassuming, docile, low. calmness, patience, unimportance; active, employed, industrious,
ANTONYMS: (adj) impressive, (v) dawdle, delay, linger, crawl, energetic, meaningful, productive,
arrogant, haughty, imposing, amble; (intj) wait worthwhile, diligent; (v) change,
conceited, pompous, snooty, hurrying: (n) hastening, speed, run, work
overbearing, presumptuous, proud, quickening, rushing, early, idleness: (n) lethargy, laziness,
exalted speeding, speeding up, stepping up, torpor, inactivity, idling,
unemployment, sloth, inaction, imagine: (v) believe, conjecture, imperiously: (adv) overbearingly,
inertia, faineance, idlesse. fancy, conceive, daydream, assume, arrogantly, commandingly,
ANTONYMS: (n) energy, activity, guess, consider, fantasize; (conj, v) magisterially, dictatorially,
bustle, liveliness, responsibility suppose; (n, v) dream masterfully, haughtily, imperatively,
idyllic: (adj) rural, bucolic, perfect, imagined: (adj) fanciful, notional, authoritatively, domineeringly,
peaceful, Arcadian, picturesque, unreal, fancied, fictitious, insolently. ANTONYMS: (adv)
perfecter, countrified, pleasant, nonexistent, unseen, hypothetical, meekly, feebly
model, delightful. ANTONYMS: feigned, dubious, doubtful imploring: (adj) appealing, begging,
(adj) infernal, urban, miserable imagining: (n) conception, suppliant, pleading, entreating,
ignoble: (adj) contemptible, abject, daydream, fantasy, opinion; (v) piteous, importunate, entreating
base, dishonorable, disgraceful, imagine; (adj) imaginant urgently; (v) supplicate, plead; (n)
beggarly, mean, humble, degraded, immediate: (adj) close, sudden, prayer
despicable, caddish. ANTONYMS: direct, near, quick, present, fast, importance: (n) account, gravity,
(adj) honorable, glorious proximate, forthwith, instant, import, dignity, prominence, stress,
ignominious: (adj) dishonorable, immediately. ANTONYMS: (adj) emphasis, value, concern,
shameful, disreputable, infamous, slow, gradual, deliberate, magnitude; (n, v) consequence.
base, discreditable, dishonourable, consecutive, mediate, delayed, ANTONYMS: (n) unimportance,
inglorious, black, despicable, remote, far, distant, vague, insignificance, triviality,
degrading. ANTONYMS: (adj) considered meaninglessness
honorable, glorious immediately: (adv) instantly, imposing: (adj, n, v) impressive; (adj,
ignominiously: (adv) disgracefully, presently, readily, rapidly, quickly, n) noble, commanding, solemn; (adj)
shamefully, discreditably, promptly, instantaneously, speedily, dignified, grandiose, stately,
dishonorably, scandalously, right; (adj, adv) at once, forthwith. distinguished, regal, lofty, baronial.
dishonourably, opprobriously, ANTONYMS: (adv) slowly, ANTONYMS: (adj) unimpressive,
infamously, basely, vilely, foully whenever, gradually, now, modest, unimposing, weak,
ignominy: (n) disgrace, dishonor, eventually undignified, lowly
shame, reproach, contempt, immoral: (adj) evil, bad, depraved, impossibility: (n) impossibleness,
disrepute, degradation, discredit, indecent, dissolute, corrupt, option, nonexistence, absurdity,
scandal; (adj, n) odium; (adj) criminal, unprincipled, dirty, unfair, inability, impracticability,
opprobrium. ANTONYMS: (n) lewd. ANTONYMS: (adj) moral, alternative, choice, contradiction,
success, glorification, pride decent, honest, ethical, principled, contradiction in terms,
ignorance: (n) illiteracy, nescience, good, restrained, amoral, right, doubtfulness. ANTONYMS: (n)
folly, unwisdom, innocence, righteous, pure possibility, probability
denseness, ignorancy, stupidity, immortal: (adj) eternal, enduring, impossible: (adj) unimaginable,
obtuseness, tabula rasa, undying, endless, monumental; (adj, insufferable, unbelievable, hopeless,
unawareness. ANTONYMS: (n) v) deathless, imperishable, impracticable, impractical,
intelligence, acquaintance, education celebrated; (n) deity, God, divinity. inconceivable, unlikely,
ill-bred: (adj) boorish, discourteous, ANTONYMS: (adj) obscure, earthly, unthinkable, unable, ridiculous.
impertinent, graceless, gruff, forgettable, perishable, temporary ANTONYMS: (adj) feasible,
uncouth, uncivil, ill-mannered, impatience: (n) annoyance, achievable, manageable, bearable,
crude, inurbane, indelicate eagerness, anger, intolerance, attainable, on, tolerable, probable,
ill-natured: (adj) cantankerous, restlessness, fidget, nervousness, hopeful, easy, consistent
peevish, sour, surly, catty, crabbed, fidgetiness, enthusiasm, edginess; impostor: (n) fraud, cheat, hypocrite,
gruff, disagreeable, malignant, (adj) nonendurance. ANTONYMS: fake, imposter, sham, charlatan,
malicious, malevolent (n) calmness, endurance, apathy deceiver, faker, cheater, pretender
illness: (n, v) ailment, disorder, impatient: (adj) eager, anxious, impotence: (n) weakness, inability,
distemper; (n) sickness, complaint, petulant, fidgety, vexed, keen, edgy, feebleness, debility, impuissance,
malady, attack, affliction, pain, bug, quick, avid, irritable, fretful. powerlessness, impotency, erectile
trouble. ANTONYMS: (n) wellness, ANTONYMS: (adj) patient, dysfunction, infertility, quality,
health enduring, unenthusiastic, calm, imbecility
illogical: (adj) unreasonable, happy, relaxed, slow impressed: (adj) touched,
inconsistent, confused, disjointed, impatiently: (adv) petulantly, bewildered, amazed, susceptible,
disconnected, fallacious, incoherent, restlessly, keenly, intolerantly, stupefied, stunned, confused,
senseless, inconsequent, hastily, avidly, uneasily, bemused; (v) imprinted, stamped,
preposterous, irrational. enthusiastically, edgily, fidgetily, carved. ANTONYM: (adj)
ANTONYMS: (adj) rational, restively. ANTONYMS: (adv) unimpressed
sensible, valid, coherent, reasonable, uncomplainingly, calmly, impression: (n) feeling, idea, imprint,
consistent unenthusiastically, lightly conception, depression, notion,
imagination: (n) vision, fancy, image, impelled: (adj) prompted, provoked, mark, image, dent, feel, opinion.
dream, conceit, imagery, originality, determined, compulsive, ANTONYMS: (n) certainty, hump,
invention, resource, reflection, encouraged, goaded, motivated, lump
phantasy bound impressions: (n) impersonation,
imitation (adj, v) unapt, inapt. ANTONYMS: incomparably: (adv) superlatively,
impressive: (adj) effective, (adj) appropriate, suitable, proper, matchlessly, uniquely,
commanding, striking, powerful, right, fitting, befitting, wise, exceptionally, outstandingly,
imposing, influential, exciting, applicable, polite, dignified, unbeatably, uncomparably,
formidable, spectacular; (adj, n) consistent excellently, very, greatly, beyond
noble, grand. ANTONYMS: (adj) incapable: (adj) impotent, compare. ANTONYM: (adv)
humble, ordinary, weak, inadequate, unable, helpless, comparably
unremarkable, insignificant, minor, powerless, unqualified, inept, incongruity: (n) disharmony,
pathetic, tiny, uninteresting, insufficient, inapt, ineffectual, unfit. contradiction, disagreement,
ineffective, average ANTONYMS: (adj) able, competent, incongruence, disparity,
improve: (v) advance, heal, help, strong, powerful, effective discrepancy, discord, unconformity,
emend, amend, ameliorate, correct, incapacity: (n) inability, impotence, disproportion, absurdity, paradox.
reform, gain, educate, restore. incapability, disqualification, ANTONYMS: (n) congruity,
ANTONYMS: (v) deteriorate, inadequacy, disablement, normality, agreement
regress, spoil, lower, impair, inefficiency, powerlessness, incongruous: (adj) inappropriate,
downgrade, brutalize, ruin, insufficiency, incompetency; (adj) improper, absurd, inapt,
diminish, exacerbate, hinder imbecility. ANTONYMS: (n) incompatible, conflicting,
improved: (adj) enhanced, new, capacity, ability, strength inconsistent, incoherent,
reformed, finer, enlarged, greater, incensed: (adj) angry, exasperated, inexpedient; (adj, n) contradictory,
greater than before, more, higher, enraged, indignant, irate, infuriated, dissonant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
increased, transformed. irritated, mad, livid, angered, appropriate, befitting, consistent,
ANTONYMS: (adj) inferior, lesser, aggravated. ANTONYM: (adj) reasonable
unimproved pleased inconsistent: (adj) incoherent,
impudence: (adj, n) boldness, brass; incessant: (adj) endless, continual, incompatible, inconsequent,
(n) cheek, gall, audacity, everlasting, eternal, constant, conflicting, absurd, discrepant,
impertinence, insolence, face, continuous, perpetual, unremitting, illogical, erratic; (adj, n)
cheekiness, effrontery, assurance. interminable, persistent; (adj, v) contradictory, contrary, discordant.
ANTONYMS: (n) cowardice, frequent. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) constant,
reticence intermittent, occasional, sporadic, reliable, ordered, predictable,
impudent: (adj, n) bold, daring; (adj) broken, finite corresponding, dependable,
disrespectful, audacious, incessantly: (adv) constantly, flawless, usual, fixed
impertinent, brassy, barefaced, endlessly, continually, perpetually, incorrigible: (adj) hopeless,
brazen, insolent, brash, cheeky. continuously, unceasingly, eternally, irredeemable, confirmed,
ANTONYMS: (adj) polite, cowardly persistently, unremittingly, irreparable, hardened,
impulse: (n) pulse, urge, impulsion, unendingly, steadily. ANTONYMS: uncorrectable, insubordinate; (adj,
force, motive, whim, drive, goad, (adv) sporadically, briefly n) incurable; (v) obdurate, past
motivation, momentum, incentive. inch: (n) in, bit, column inch, morsel; praying for, reprobate.
ANTONYMS: (n) aversion, (v) crawl, creep, ease; (adj) tatter, ANTONYMS: (adj) corrigible,
disincentive, disinclination mite, seed, shive repentant, mild
impulsive: (adj) capricious, hasty, incident: (n) fact, experience, increased: (adj) more, increasing,
driving, rash, instinctive, circumstance, occasion, adventure, enlarged, greater, redoubled,
changeable, hotheaded, quick- happening, occurrence, episode, augmented, exaggerated, enhanced,
tempered, impellent, headlong, instance, case, contingency. multiplied, plus, puffy. ANTONYM:
passionate. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) basic; (n) (adj) lesser
cautious, considered, predictable, defense incredible: (adj, n) astonishing,
unflappable, prepared, sensible, incidentally: (adv) casually, marvelous; (adj, v) inconceivable;
gradual, overdue, patient, placid, accidentally, in passing, by chance, (adj) fabulous, extraordinary,
premeditated occasionally, haphazardly, by the unbelievable, implausible, fantastic,
impure: (adj) defiled, dirty, unclean, bye, apropos, incidently, indirectly; unlikely, preposterous, wonderful.
squalid, sordid, filthy, bastard, foul, (adj, adv) en passant ANTONYMS: (adj) credible,
immoral, profane, contaminated. included: (adj) inclusive, believable, conceivable,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unmixed, clean incorporated, numbered, enclosed; unspectacular, likely, mundane,
inanimate: (adj) defunct, dull, (adv) under unremarkable, plausible, awful,
breathless, inorganic, inactive, incognito: (adv) incog; (adj) covert, sensible, real
lifeless, exanimate, deceased, secret, nameless, disguised, incumbent: (adj, v) superimposed;
extinct, unconscious, spiritless. undercover, concealed; (n) (n) functionary, official,
ANTONYMS: (adj) living, animate, pseudonym householder, occupant, parson,
spirited income: (n) earnings, revenue, profit, locum tenens, sojourner; (adj)
inappropriate: (adj) inapplicable, proceeds, pay, means, gain, yield, compulsory; (v) supernatant,
incongruous, incompatible, return, salary, receipts. overlying
awkward, undue, incorrect, ANTONYMS: (n) loss, expenditure, indeed: (adv) certainly, exactly, in
irrelevant, unbecoming, unsuitable; outgo, spending, cost reality, surely, of course, assuredly,
as a matter of fact, admittedly; (adj, ANTONYMS: (n) contentment, ANTONYMS: (n) skillfulness,
adv) really, much; (n) yes. pleasure sophistication, wisdom
ANTONYMS: (adv) possibly, indirectly: (adv) circuitously, inexplicably: (adv) enigmatically,
doubtfully roundaboutly, collaterally, incredibly, phenomenally,
indelicate: (adj) indecent, immodest, tortuously, windingly, sidelongly, unbelievably, impenetrably,
crude, gross, improper, coarse, incidentally, meanderingly, unfathomably, unintelligibly,
crass, bawdy, unbecoming, broad, secondarily, discursively; (n) curved unusually; (adj) suspiciously,
scurrilous. ANTONYMS: (adj) shape. ANTONYMS: (adv) straight, unreasonably, unduly.
decorous, tasteful, sensitive, personally, frankly ANTONYMS: (adv) unremarkably,
discreet, decent, correct individual: (adj) single, distinct, understandably
independence: (n) freedom, particular, different, especial, alone, infallible: (adj) sure, inevitable,
autonomy, individuality, characteristic, distinctive; (n) positive, inerrable, unfailing,
independency, latitude, detachment, creature, fellow, person. absolute, confident, definite,
neutrality, sovereignty, autarchy, ANTONYMS: (adj) joint, common, dependable; (adj, v) unerring; (n)
inconsequence, autarky. combined, vague, general, sterling. ANTONYMS: (adj) fallible,
ANTONYMS: (n) dependence, communal, ordinary, public, group; faulty
childhood, subjugation, bias, (adj, n) collective; (n) collection inferior: (adj) secondary, bad,
reliance, subservience, conformity, individuality: (n) character, humble, poor, junior, petty, lesser,
suppression, subjectivity, restriction individualism, personality, cheap, base, feeble, vulgar.
independent: (adj) autonomous, originality, distinctiveness, identity, ANTONYMS: (adj) better, choice,
separate, substantive, nonpartisan, peculiarity, selfhood, ego, excellent, premium, adscript,
sovereign, impartial, self- disposition, independence. perfect, higher, quality, senior; (adj,
supporting, unallied, self-sufficient; ANTONYMS: (n) commonality, n) superscript; (n) boss
(n) freelance, mugwump. sameness, conformity infinitely: (adv) greatly, vastly,
ANTONYMS: (adj) dependent, induce: (v) generate, tempt, cause, immensely, immeasurably,
simultaneous, needy, constrained, impel, bring, create, draw, boundlessly, enormously,
biased, tied, autocratic, weak, engender, beget, get, infer. unboundedly, hugely, ceaselessly,
inseparable, conventional, subjective ANTONYMS: (v) prevent, restrain unendingly; (adj, adv) incalculably.
independently: (adv) individually, indulge: (n, v) gratify, humor; (v) ANTONYM: (adv) finitely
autonomously, apart, sovereignly, coddle, cosset, baby, pamper, spoil, infinity: (n) infinite, immensity,
freely, objectively, singly, neutrally, satisfy, please, mollycoddle, cocker. infiniteness, infinitude,
impartially, self-supportingly, ANTONYMS: (v) frustrate, deprive, boundlessness, immutability, glory,
dispassionately. ANTONYMS: (adv) stifle, neglect, deny, displease, fast greatness, holiness, forever,
subjectively, assisted, jointly, indulged: (adj) pet, privileged, perpetuity. ANTONYM: (n)
accompanied, internally cherished, admired limitedness
index: (n, v) catalogue, file, list; (n) ineffably: (adv) indescribably, influence: (v) determine, affect,
exponent, table, catalog, unspeakably, unutterably, incline, dispose, direct, govern,
concordance, forefinger, roll, inexpressibly, extremely, deeply persuade; (n) authority, domination;
directory, coefficient inertia: (n) idleness, lethargy, (n, v) control, effect. ANTONYMS:
indicating: (v) indicatory, indicate; inaction, passivity, laziness, (n) powerlessness, repulsion,
(n) indication, reference; (adj) inertness, indolence, apathy, feebleness, weakness
representing, representative, lassitude, languor, inactiveness. infuriated: (adj, v) enraged; (adj)
demonstrating, signifying, indicant, ANTONYMS: (n) energy, activity, furious, incensed, angered, mad,
designatory, indicative of activeness exasperated, provoked, boiling,
indifference: (adj, n) coldness, inevitable: (adj) ineluctable, livid, wrathful, annoyed.
phlegm; (n) detachment, unavoidable, inescapable, destined, ANTONYM: (adj) pleased
impassiveness, disregard, aloofness, fatal, fated, necessary, obvious, ingenuity: (adj, n) ability; (n)
nonchalance, neglect, unconcern, irrevocable, irresistible; (n) adroitness, ingeniousness, cunning,
impassivity, disinterest. ineluctability. ANTONYMS: (adj) imagination, acumen, resource,
ANTONYMS: (n) fervor, interest, evitable, avoidable, optional, originality, skill, wit, inventiveness.
eagerness, dedication, sympathy, preventable, unpredictable, ANTONYM: (n) ineptness
favorite, compassion, anxiety, unlikely; (adv) surprisingly ingratiate: (v) fawn, hint, cozy up,
responsiveness, forcefulness, care inevitably: (adv) unavoidably, cotton up, control
indignant: (adj) angry, incensed, necessarily, of necessity, ineluctably, ingratiating: (adj) fawning, taking,
furious, enraged, wrathful, hurt, needs, by necessity, automatically, pleasing, toadying, sycophantic,
rage, provoked, hot, anger, irate. surely, certainly, essentially. unctuous, disarming, fascinating,
ANTONYMS: (adj) cool, content, ANTONYM: (adv) unnecessarily charming, winning, smooth
unaffected inexperience: (adj) inexperienced, ingratitude: (n) oblivion of benefits,
indignation: (n) anger, resentment, indexterity, incomprehension, thanklessness, ungratefulness,
displeasure, grudge, umbrage, rage, inability; (adj, n) simplicity; (n) feeling. ANTONYM: (n) gratitude
outrage, exasperation, choler, freshness, innocence, ignorance, inhabit: (v) reside, abide, occupy,
dudgeon; (adj, n) wrath. newness, callowness, unfamiliarity. lodge, settle, people, live, indwell,
be, exist; (n) habit. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYM: (adj) sensible illustrate
desert, vacate insect: (n) worm, flea, hymenopteran, instant: (adj, n) present; (adj)
initiative: (n) enterprise, gumption, hymenopteron, earwig, dirt ball, immediate, prompt; (n) flash,
opening, first step, ambition, energy, homopteran, hemipteran, gallfly, minute, jiffy, point, second; (adj, v)
drive, inventiveness; (adj, v) fish, biting louse exigent; (adj, n, v) pressing, urgent.
initiatory; (adj) inaugural, incipient. inside: (adj, n) interior, middle, ANTONYMS: (n) age, eternity; (adj)
ANTONYM: (n) lethargy center; (adj) internal, indoor; (prep) considered, delayed, slow
injure: (n, v) damage, harm, impair; per; (adv) inwardly, indoors, within, instead: (adv) instead of,
(v) contuse, disfigure, maim, bruise, at heart, inwards. ANTONYMS: alternatively, as an alternative, in
blemish, wound, insult; (adj, v) (adj, n) exterior; (adj) free, external, place of, more willingly, to
abuse. ANTONYMS: (v) heal, outdoor, public; (adj, adv) outer; compensate for, sooner, preferably,
enable, repair, protect, help (prep) out; (adv) outwardly; (n) otherwise, on the other hand; (n)
injured: (adj) hurt, broken, wounded, edge lieu
affected, damaged, pained, insignificance: (n) unimportance, instil: (v) implant, inculcate, instill,
offended, insulted, defective, insignificancy, indifference, transfuse, introduce, impregnate,
prejudiced; (n) casualty. immateriality, inconsiderableness, imbue, impress, infix, ingrain,
ANTONYMS: (adj) uninjured, slightness, smallness, meanness, impart gradually
unaffected, well littleness, futility, instinctively: (adv) involuntarily,
injurious: (adj) evil, harmful, hurtful, inconsequentiality. ANTONYMS: mechanically, spontaneously,
destructive, bad, disadvantageous, (n) seriousness, importance, gravity, automatically, intuitively,
detrimental, adverse, deleterious, appropriateness, value, fame inherently, automaticly,
inimical, damaging. ANTONYMS: insignificant: (adj) inconsequential, unconsciously, impulsively,
(adj) healing, favorable, healthy, inconsiderable, humble, poor, unthinkingly, instinctually.
helpful, advantageous, beneficial immaterial, trivial, unimportant, ANTONYMS: (adv) consciously,
injury: (n, v) harm, grievance, light, infinitesimal, indifferent, objectively
detriment, damage, hurt; (n) small. ANTONYMS: (adj) insufferable: (adj, v) intolerable,
disservice, wound, impairment, ill, significant, enormous, major, abhorrent; (adj) excruciating,
bruise, affront. ANTONYMS: (n) important, huge, substantial, impossible, unbearable,
reparation, justice, help, defense, considerable, great, colossal, insupportable, unendurable,
benefit valuable, influential unsufferable, hateful, painful; (v)
inkstand: (n) inkhorn insipid: (adj) tasteless, bland, dull, nauseous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
innate: (adj) inherent, congenital, watery, flavorless, uninteresting, manageable, nice, lovable
inbred, indigenous, instinctive, vapid, savorless, boring, tame, insufferably: (adv) hatefully,
natural, intrinsic, constitutional, humdrum. ANTONYMS: (adj) hopelessly, agonizingly,
essential, ingrained; (adj, v) born. exciting, tasty, interesting, flavorful, disagreeably, dreadfully, unfeasibly,
ANTONYMS: (adj) learned, spicy, lively, colorful, dark, bright, trip, ridiculously, intolerably,
conditioned, acquired, trained, inspired, imaginative impossibly, horrendously
spiritual insist: (v) affirm, assert, contend, insult: (n, v) contumely, affront,
innocent: (adj) chaste, artless, clear, demand, claim, asseverate, declare, abuse, flout, outrage, wound, taunt;
ingenuous, innocuous, guileless, maintain, urge, importune, press. (n) disgrace, indignity, contempt; (v)
guiltless, ignorant, unsophisticated, ANTONYMS: (v) request, deny cut. ANTONYMS: (n, v)
spotless, naive. ANTONYMS: (adj) insolence: (n) impertinence, compliment, praise; (v) flatter,
culpable, responsible, wicked, wary, arrogance, audacity, impudence, consecrate; (n) privilege
experienced, corrupt, worldly, effrontery, cheek, assumption, gall, insulted: (adj) affronted, offended,
unfair, meaningful, offensive, jaded disrespect, haughtiness, crust. injured, huffy
innumerable: (adj) countless, ANTONYMS: (n) respect, insulting: (adj) contemptuous,
numberless, incalculable, politeness, meekness, shyness insolent, injurious, offensive,
multitudinous, infinite, innumerous, insolent: (adj) impertinent, abusive, scurrilous, defamatory,
unnumbered, uncounted, myriad, disrespectful, impudent, fresh, opprobrious, rude, disgraceful,
immeasurable, untold. ANTONYM: arrogant, brazen, defiant, offensive, disdainful, impolite. ANTONYMS:
(adj) finite brassy, bold. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) courteous, conciliatory, polite,
inquiries: (n) investigation, respectful, modest, gracious, meek, generous, cordial
examination, study, enquiries, submissive insults: (adj) insulting; (n) abuse,
enquiry, inquiry, exploration insolently: (adv) rudely, swearing
inquisitively: (adv) pryingly, nosily, impertinently, brazenly, impolitely, integral: (adj) complete, inherent,
inquiringly, questioningly, defiantly, shamelessly, saucily, entire, full, intact, total,
meddlesomely, speculatively, discourteously, insultingly, cheekily, constitutional, inbuilt, constituent,
searchingly, meddlingly, pertly. ANTONYMS: (adv) plenary; (adj, n) differential.
interestedly, interrogatively, eagerly discreetly, shyly, politely, meekly ANTONYMS: (adj) peripheral,
insane: (adj) foolish, daft, demented, instance: (n) exemplar, case, time, incidental, broken, unimportant
mad, delirious, lunatic, fool, illustration, sample, affair, pattern, intellectual: (n) intellect, brain,
moonstruck, frantic, idiotic, nutty. chance, cause; (v) exemplify, thinker, scholar; (adj) rational,
mental, cerebral, learned, spiritual; amusing, attractive, absorbing, present, enter. ANTONYMS: (v)
(adj, n) mind, academic. delightful, fascinating, exciting, end, terminate, remove, export
ANTONYMS: (adj) nonintellectual, readable, diverting; (adj, v) introduction: (n) preface, foreword,
intuitive, emotional, dim, ignorant, charming, engaging. ANTONYMS: insertion, beginning, entrance,
physical, thick, lowbrow; (n) dunce (adj) boring, dull, unremarkable, preamble, preliminary, prelude,
intelligence: (n) cleverness, intellect, unappealing, repulsive, repellent, initiation, entry; (adj, n)
news, tidings, understanding, normal, ordinary presentation. ANTONYMS: (n)
acumen, mentality, knowledge, interests: (n) wellbeing, security, postscript, export, afterword,
brains, comprehension, brainpower. safety, power structure, investment, appendix, conclusion, departure,
ANTONYMS: (n) stupidity, health, happiness, capital, welfare, end, retirement
emotion, slowness, foolishness, comfort intrusive: (adj) obtrusive, curious,
ineptness interpose: (v) interject, insert, meddling, officious, busy,
intelligent: (adj) intellectual, astute, interpolate, intercede, intervene, meddlesome, nosy, inquisitive,
sensible, alert, rational, quick- meddle, intrude, tamper, step in, inquiring, inopportune, unfortunate.
witted, bright, cunning, gifted, butt in; (adj, v) intermeddle ANTONYMS: (adj) protrusive,
knowledgeable, brilliant. interrupted: (adj) discontinuous, extrusive
ANTONYMS: (adj) dim, thick, slow, fitful, intermittent, discontinued, intrusively: (adv) meddlesomely,
stupid, dull, foolish disconnected, unsuccessive, obtrusively, impertinently, pryingly,
intend: (v) destine, design, mean, intervallic, episodic, gaping, meddlingly, curiously, busily,
aim, determine, denote, periodic; (prep) interrupt untowardly, nosily, unbefittingly,
contemplate, plan, purpose, intimacy: (adj, n) familiarity, unfortunately
consider, believe. ANTONYM: (v) acquaintance; (n) closeness, invariably: (adv) constantly, ever,
improvise fellowship, association, friendship, forever, permanently, continually,
intense: (adj) acute, deep, brilliant, intercourse, affair, camaraderie, incessantly; (adj) never otherwise,
fervent, fierce, ardent, burning, conversance, confidence. unfailingly, without exception,
severe, furious, extreme; (adj, v) ANTONYMS: (n) distance, formality without fail; (adj, adv) uniformly
vivid. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, calm, intimate: (adj, adv, v) close; (n, v) invent: (v) devise, form, create,
weak, slight, imperceptible, express, imply; (v) hint, indicate, excogitate, concoct, imagine,
superficial, shallow, gentle, dim, allude, suggest; (adj) informal, contrive; (n, v) forge, fabricate,
insignificant, relaxed inner, internal; (adj, v) confidential. design, coin
intensified: (adj) intense, resonant, ANTONYMS: (adj) formal, cold, invented: (adj) fictional, fabricated,
furious unfriendly, external, outermost, imaginary, unreal, fake, mythical,
intention: (n) idea, intent, goal, public, superficial legendary, fictive, fancied, fabulous,
purpose, cause, motive, mind; (n, v) intolerable: (adj) unbearable, ben trovato. ANTONYMS: (adj)
aim, end, design, drift insupportable, painful, obnoxious, genuine, factual, true, actual
intentional: (adj, v) voluntary; (adj) detestable, inexcusable, deplorable, invention: (n) fabrication, conception,
deliberate, calculated, willful, undesirable, hard, excruciating, fiction, imagination, creation,
knowing, conscious, premeditated, difficult. ANTONYMS: (adj) discovery, device, innovation,
designed, planned, advised, wilful. bearable, tolerable, acceptable, excogitation, artifice; (n, v) forgery.
ANTONYMS: (adj) accidental, reasonable, nice, understandable, ANTONYM: (n) truth
unintentional, involuntary, lovable, excusable, inoffensive, invincible: (adj) insurmountable,
spontaneous, undesigned, manageable unbeatable, insuperable,
unconscious, casual intolerance: (adj, n) impatience; (n) impregnable, irresistible,
intentionally: (adv) deliberately, fanaticism, discrimination, unconquerable, unyielding,
advisedly, consciously, purposely, dogmatism, bias, insularity, unquenchable, proof against,
on purpose, knowingly, willfully, illiberality, narrowness; (adj) impassable, invulnerable.
studiedly, expressly, purposefully, nonendurance, persecution, ANTONYMS: (adj) defenseless,
intendedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) intolerant. ANTONYMS: (n) powerless, weak, feeble
accidentally, innocently lenience, broadmindedness, fairness, inviolate: (adj, v) intact; (adj) sacred,
intently: (adv) fixedly, attentively, patience sacrosanct, whole, entire, pure; (v)
seriously, raptly, intensely, closely, intoxicated: (adj) drunken, drunk, in petto, clandestine, auricular,
steadily, eagerly, absorbedly, hard, inebriate, tipsy, elated, stimulated, close, privy
steadfastly. ANTONYM: (adv) intoxicate, infatuated, fuddled, invite: (v) tempt, allure, bid, call,
absently loaded, plastered. ANTONYM: (adj) entice, ask, summon, attract, receive,
interested: (adj) concerned, involved, sober solicit; (n) invitation. ANTONYMS:
inquiring, inquisitive, keen, intoxication: (n) inebriation, (v) elect, repel
interesting, attentive, fascinated, inebriety, poisoning, tipsiness, invited: (adj) welcomer, wanted,
responsive, partial, eager. fascination, grogginess, ecstasy, cherished
ANTONYMS: (adj) uninterested, daze, excitement, euphoria, wine inviting: (adj) attractive, alluring,
bored, indifferent, unconcerned, introduce: (v) interject, inject, engaging, tempting, enticing,
hostile advance, infuse, initiate, acquaint, appealing, magnetic, captivating,
interesting: (adj) entertaining, implant, inaugurate, bring in, prepossessing, seductive,
appetizing. ANTONYMS: (adj) testiness; (adj, n) petulance. combine, graft, assemble, attach,
offensive, repellent, uninviting, ANTONYMS: (n) cheerfulness, affiliate, meet, get together; (n, v)
unappealing, unwelcoming, bleak, equanimity, cheeriness link. ANTONYMS: (v) separate,
uncomfortable irritably: (adv) splenetically, secede, detach, undo, disjoin,
involuntary: (adj) instinctive, cholerically, cholericly, impatiently, exclude, leave, disconnect, diverge,
unconscious, unintentional, forced, angrily, heatedly, irately, pettishly, refrain, untie
mechanical, unthinking, reluctant, petulantly, snappily, sulkily. joke: (n, v) banter; (n) hoax, fun,
unwilling, compulsory, inadvertent, ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, quip, gag, caper, game, antic, prank,
accidental. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheerily, lightly humor; (v) tease
voluntary, intentional, intended, irritated: (adj) annoyed, exasperated, joking: (n) banter, fooling, fun; (adj)
willing incensed, enraged, aggravated, jocose, jocular, humorous, funny,
involved: (adj) intricate, complicated, furious, irate, inflamed, sore, kidding, playful, puckish, comical.
tortuous, convoluted, confused, displeased, provoked. ANTONYMS: ANTONYM: (n) seriousness
entangled, knotty, interested, (adj) calm, pleased, patient, jolly: (adj) gay, cheerful, happy,
difficult, obscure, elaborate. contented festive, genial, bright, cheery, merry,
ANTONYMS: (adj) aloof, detached, italian: (n) dago, romance language, jocund; (v) chaff; (adv) lively.
straightforward, clear, indifferent, Oscan, Guinea, greaseball, Etruscan, ANTONYMS: (adj) gloomy,
passive, single, unconnected, Italian cloth; (adj) Ausonian miserable, serious
uninvolved, direct italy: (n) Italia, Italian Republic, jostling: (v) jarring; (adj) bustling; (n)
inward: (adj) inner, intrinsic, internal, bergamot, bergamot orange elbowing
interior, intestine, inherent, jaunty: (adj) dapper, dashing, joyfully: (adv) joyously, merrily,
domestic; (adv) inwardly, inwards, debonair, breezy, perky, carefree, gaily, gleefully, buoyantly, cheerily,
in; (n) innards. ANTONYMS: (adj, chipper, smart, bright, buoyant; (adj, jubilantly, pleasantly, mirthfully;
adv) outward; (adj) outgoing, n) janty. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adv, v) happily; (adj, adv)
external depressed, melancholy cheerfully. ANTONYMS: (adv)
inwardly: (adv) inside, interiorly, jealous: (adj) distrustful, envious, joylessly, miserably, despondently
innerly, within, secretly, covetous, suspicious, jealousy, judge: (v) consider, think, evaluate,
intrinsically, intimately, privately, resentful, invidious, green, believe, condemn, assess, calculate,
spiritually, incomingly; (adj) grudging, jaundiced, attentive. guess; (n) arbitrator, arbiter; (n, v)
inwards. ANTONYM: (adv) openly ANTONYM: (adj) trusting umpire. ANTONYM: (v) doubt
ironical: (adj) sarcastic, satirical, dry, jeer: (n, v) gibe, flout, deride, mock, judged: (n) judging; (adj) guilty,
burlesque, wry, sardonic, satiric, ridicule, hiss, taunt, scoff, laugh at, deliberate, legal, lawful
derisive, caustic, quizzical; (n) barrack; (n) mockery. ANTONYMS: judges: (n) judge, adjudicators, jury
humorous (v) cheer, applaud judicious: (adj, v) discreet; (adj)
ironically: (adv) sardonically, jeering: (adj, n) mocking; (n) jeer, careful, discerning, sensible,
sarcastically, derisively, wrily, scoffing, mockery, derision, scoff, prudent, rational, sagacious, sound,
mordantly, satirically, bitingly, scorn, banter; (adj) taunting, cautious, reasonable, advisable.
caustically, illogically, gibelike; (v) deride. ANTONYM: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) stupid, tactless,
understatedly, deprecatingly clapping indiscriminate, reckless, illogical,
irony: (n) sarcasm, ridicule, raillery, jerkily: (adv) spasmodically, extreme, untimely
banter, derision, quiz, mockery, irregularly, unsteadily, roughly, juggling: (n) jugglery, performance,
figure of speech; (adj, n) satire, haltingly, by fits and starts, rearrangement, prestidigitation,
humor, burlesque. ANTONYM: (n) falteringly, in fits and starts, shakily deception, cheating, legerdemain,
sincerity jerky: (adj) uneven, abrupt, rough, hocus-pocus; (adj) prestigious,
irrational: (adj) absurd, inconsistent, unsteady, jerking, arrhythmic, prestigiatory
silly, unreasonable, blind, illogical, spasmodic, shaky; (n) biltong, jerked jump: (n, v) bound, start, bounce,
senseless, preposterous, imprudent, meat, meat. ANTONYMS: (adj) hop, caper, startle, dive, rise; (v)
unsound, thoughtless. smooth, graceful spring, hurdle; (adj, v) skip.
ANTONYMS: (adj) logical, lucid, jest: (n) gag, gibe, quip, game; (n, v) ANTONYMS: (n, v) decrease; (v)
wise, sensible, worthwhile, jape; (v) banter, jeer, deride, gird, surface, drop, hesitate
systematic sneer, clown jumping: (n) saltation, leaping,
irresistible: (adj) resistless, invincible, jesting: (adj) jocular, jocose, facetious, header, start, propulsion; (adj)
irrefragable, irrefutable, humorous, playful; (n) banter, moving, festive; (v) bounding,
overpowering, overwhelming, humor, comedy, pleasantry, fun, salient, dancing; (adv) leapingly
impregnable, indomitable, joke. ANTONYM: (n) tragedy justice: (adj, n) equity, right,
charming, fascinating; (adj, v) jestingly: (adv) facetiously, jocularly, integrity, honesty; (n) judge,
uncontrollable. ANTONYMS: (adj) jocosely, in jest impartiality, judicature, jurist,
resistible, insignificant, unappealing, jewel: (n) gemstone, darling, morality, justness; (adj) just.
weak diamond, jewelry, trinket, treasure, ANTONYMS: (n) unfairness,
irritability: (n) irascibility, tetchiness, ornament, idol; (adj, n) bijou, wickedness
choler, touchiness, temper, anger, precious stone; (adj) brilliant justification: (n, v) apology, excuse;
irritation, peevishness, pettishness, join: (v) unite, connect, associate, (n) account, reason, defence, cause,
grounds, vindication, basis, knowing: (adj, v) canny, crafty, wise; ANTONYM: (adv) insignificantly
explanation, foundation. (adj, n) clever; (adj) conscious, largeness: (n) size, bigness, vastness,
ANTONYM: (n) accusation aware, ingenious, intelligent, bright, fullness, ampleness, bulkiness,
justify: (v) explain, exonerate, conversant, smart. ANTONYMS: immensity, grandness, extent,
vindicate, confirm, absolve, defend, (adj) naive, uncomprehending, magnitude, volume. ANTONYMS:
deserve, apologize, claim, palliate; unconscious (n) compactness, shortness
(n, v) warrant knowingly: (adj, adv, v) wittingly; lashing: (n) beating, drubbing,
justifying: (adj) extenuating, (adv) intentionally, consciously, flagellation, trouncing, whipping,
mitigating; (n) justification, defense designedly, shrewdly, on purpose, fastening, tanning, lacing,
keeping: (n) care, conservation, purposely, wisely, wilfully, castigation, chastisement, thrashing
charge, guardianship, maintenance, ingeniously; (adv, v) by design. lately: (adv) tardily, newly, freshly,
holding, observance, storage, ANTONYMS: (adv) accidentally, belatedly, slowly, latterly, deadly;
conformation, consistency, unintentionally, unwittingly, openly (adj, adv) anew, late, afresh; (adj)
conformity knowledge: (n) information, recent
kept: (adj) reserved, preserve, comprehension, science, lore, latest: (adj) last, fresh, modern, new,
retained, remain, store, reserve, understanding, intelligence, grasp, current, hot, ultimate,
hold, lodge, keep, retain, detained. erudition, acquaintance; (n, v) contemporary, newest, stylish; (adj,
ANTONYM: (adj) broken cognition; (adj, n) art. ANTONYMS: n) vogue. ANTONYM: (adj) first
kerchief: (n) napkin, neckerchief, (n) foolishness, inexperience latter: (adj) later, last, terminal,
hood, snood, headscarf, muffler, labourer: (n) laborer, toiler, peon, recent, posterior, final, following,
scarf, shawl, coif, babushka, Kercher navvy, porter, docker, gravedigger, the latter, past, other, eventual.
kick: (v) grumble, complain; (n) hodman, hewer, digger, drudge ANTONYMS: (adj) prior, earlier
bitch, beef, thrill, gripe, charge, lack: (n, v) deficiency, need, laugh: (n, v) joke, giggle, chortle,
excitement; (n, v) recoil, spurn, destitution; (n) default, defect, titter, snicker; (v) smile; (n) jest, gag,
protest. ANTONYMS: (v) start; (n) dearth, absence, insufficiency, jape, laughter, cackle. ANTONYM:
bore deficit, poverty; (v) fail. (v) weep
kicking: (n) boot, recoil, movement, ANTONYMS: (n) abundance, laughing: (adj) merry, smiling,
bang, automobile trunk, beef, excess, provision, adequacy, laughable, jolly, gay, lighthearted,
charge, flush, gripe; (adj) peevish, affluence, sufficiency, plethora, frolicsome, playful, pleased, dizzy;
disgruntled supply; (v) have, own, possess (adv) laughingly. ANTONYM: (adj)
kill: (n, v) assassinate, destroy; (v) lackey: (n) flunkey, sycophant, serious
erase, annihilate, eliminate, butler, attendant, bootlicker, toady, laughs: (n) diversion, comedy,
extinguish, finish, blast, decimate, truckler, waiter, servant, footman, amusement, sport, recreation,
execute, eradicate. ANTONYMS: (v) flatterer merriment, entertainment, levity
revitalize, revive; (n) hunter lacking: (adj) incomplete, inadequate, laughter: (n) amusement, fun,
killed: (n) casualty; (adj) fallen defective, absent, short, wanting, guffaw, merriment, chortle, chuckle,
kind-hearted: (adj) good-natured, destitute, empty, devoid, mirth, hilarity, giggle, derision,
good, kindly, clement, benevolent, insufficient; (adj, prep) without. happiness. ANTONYMS: (n)
humane, kindhearted, ANTONYMS: (adj) full, plentiful, sadness, gloom, despair, boredom,
philanthropic, sympathetic, tolerant, burdened, capable, adequate, misery, despondency
warm perfect, present, complete, launch: (v) found, dart, begin,
kindled: (adj) enkindled, lighted, lit, privileged; (prep) with, including introduce, fire, toss, institute, set up,
burning lady: (n) gentlewoman, Mrs, duchess, establish, hurl; (n, v) start.
king: (n) mogul, sovereign, chief, countess, spouse, madam, ma'am, ANTONYMS: (v) abolish, close, halt;
crown, tycoon, baron, ruler, milady, matron, woman; (v) squaw. (n) conclusion, culmination
magnate, majesty, rex, power. ANTONYM: (n) Lord laurel: (n) bays, honor, rose-laurel,
ANTONYM: (n) queen lafitte: (n) Jean Laffite, Jean Lafitte cassia, cinnamon, sweet bay,
kiss: (n, v) caress, brush, embrace, laid: (adj) layed, lay, place, placed, Daphne, bay tree, palm, garland,
touch; (n) osculation, salute, lip, Kiss put, situated, arranged, determined, fame
of peace, kiss hands; (v) osculate, dictated, hardened, ordered laws: (n) Pentateuch, Torah
love lake: (n) pond, pool, lagoon, puddle, laying: (n) egg laying, placing,
knee: (n) bracket, articulation, joint, lough, reservoir, loke, bayou, parturition, place, repose, setting,
kneel, knee joint, genu, articulatio crimson, lagune, carmine put, position, lay, oyster park,
genus, scythe, zigzag, sickle, bend lands: (n) park, estate, kingdom oviposition
knees: (n) knee language: (n) speech, expression, laziness: (n) indolence, acedia,
knock: (n, v) hit, blow, bang, bump, lingo, diction, tongue, idiom, jargon, inactivity, inertia, sloth, slowness,
tap, strike, whack, bash, punch, cuff; conversation, word, words, lethargy, inactiveness, faineance,
(n) crash. ANTONYMS: (n) terminology lassitude, dreaminess. ANTONYMS:
improvement, boost; (v) encourage, largely: (adv) chiefly, extensively, (n) diligence, willingness, vigor,
bolster, approve widely, mostly, generally, for the liveliness, interest
knocking: (n) sound, bang, beating, most part, spaciously, broadly, lazy: (adj) indolent, inert, idle,
hit, rap, strike, belt, criticism, bash liberally, capaciously, voluminously. inactive, shiftless, slothful, faineant,
slow, sluggish; (adj, n) drowsy, dull. leaving: (n) leave, exit, desertion, lifetime: (n) life, life span, lifespan,
ANTONYMS: (adj) diligent, active, going, going away, farewell, life expectancy, generation, hour,
prompt, vigorous, industrious, keen, departing, abandonment, decade, day, time, animation; (adj)
productive withdrawal, boarding; (v) depart. lifelong
lead: (n, v) guide; (v) conduct, direct, ANTONYMS: (n) arrival, greeting, light: (adj) fair, facile, faint; (adj, v)
contribute, go, control, conduce, Reunion; (adj) incoming clear; (n, v) fire, glow, flame; (v)
govern, chair, bring; (n) clue. legal: (adj) valid, sound, juridical, kindle, inflame, ignite; (n)
ANTONYMS: (v) follow, trail, forensic, constitutional, rightful, illumination. ANTONYMS: (adj)
descend; (n) disadvantage, true, judicial; (v) allowable; (adj, v) heavy, fattening, nauseating, testing,
inferiority permissible, legitimate. stale; (n) darkness, shade, gloom,
leaden: (adj) heavy, gray, sluggish, ANTONYMS: (adj) unlawful, bogus, night; (v) extinguish, darken
grey, inert, torpid, grave, languid, criminal, invalid, unconstitutional lighted: (adj) illuminated, lit, light,
drab, burdensome, livid. legitimate: (adj) authentic, genuine, ablaze, bright, ignited, burn,
ANTONYM: (adj) bright just, justified, valid, orthodox, true, burning, ignite, kindled, lighten
leading: (adj, v) first, foremost; (adj) justifiable; (adj, v) lawful; (v) lightness: (n) brightness, buoyancy,
outstanding, head, great, capital; legalize, legitimatize. ANTONYMS: frivolity, flightiness, delicacy,
(adj, n) main, cardinal, principal; (adj) illegal, banned, informal, airiness, agility, levity, light,
(adj, adv) ahead; (n) lead. unlawful, bogus, invalid, nimbleness, flippancy.
ANTONYMS: (adj) secondary, illegitimate, unconstitutional, ANTONYMS: (n) darkness, gravity,
subordinate, following, junior, imitation, unreasonable; (v) outlaw weight, harshness, seriousness
innocent, last, lousy, unimportant, legs: (v) pegs, trotters, pins; (n) liked: (adj) popular, loved, favorite,
worst; (adv) behind, losing patience, pedestal, stamina preferred. ANTONYM: (adj)
leads: (n) slating, pieced leads, slates, leisure: (n) idleness, convenience, disliked
pile driving leads, tiling vacation, inactivity, rest, repose, likeness: (n) resemblance, copy,
leaned: (v) erudite, lettered; (adj) relaxation, recreation, pastime, effigy, image, affinity, similarity,
tilted, inclined, educated opportunity; (adj) idle. ANTONYM: correspondence, facsimile; (adj, n)
leaning: (adj, n) bent, disposition, (n) work figure, form, semblance.
partiality; (n) propensity, bias, lend: (v) grant, give, advance, impart, ANTONYMS: (n) difference,
tendency, incline, lean; (adj) tilted, bestow, contribute, borrow, bring, diversity, dissimilarity, unlikeness,
canted, inclined. ANTONYMS: (n) add, confer; (n) lending contrast
antipathy, dislike; (adj) upright length: (n, v) extent; (n) distance, likes: (n) kind, sort, type
leapt: (adj) sprung range, duration, size, measurement, limitation: (n) restraint, limit,
learn: (v) get, find, ascertain, hear, longness, dimension, depth, circumscription, check, curb,
find out, have, determine, con, compass, quantity. ANTONYMS: constraint, control, demarcation,
acquire, tell; (n, v) know. (n) shortness, width, breadth, disadvantage, condition,
ANTONYM: (v) reject brevity, conciseness qualification. ANTONYMS: (n)
learned: (adj) educated, lent: (n) Quadragesima, Lententide increase, incentive, virtue, help,
knowledgeable, scholarly, academic, lessons: (n) classes, coaching, tuition, freedom, strength
cultured, literary, bookish, lettered; schoolwork, revision, learning, limited: (adj) circumscribed,
(adj, v) enlightened, wise, knowing. education, training qualified, special, moderate, insular,
ANTONYMS: (adj) innate, letter: (n) epistle, mail, character, slender, bounded, scanty, narrow,
unconditioned, foolish, unlearned communication, alphabetic specific, particular. ANTONYMS:
learning: (n, v) erudition, character, dispatch, note, message, (adj) open, infinite, limitless,
enlightenment; (n) acquisition, memorandum, type, memo complete, wide, unlimited,
education, culture, scholarship, letting: (n) lease, rental, let, renting, extensive, vague, adequate, ample,
wisdom, acquirement, letter, hire, leasing, rent, belongings, diverse
literature; (v) learn permission; (adj) lenient lips: (n) lip, inlet, logical inference
learnt: (adj) learned lewd: (adj) indecent, dirty, bawdy, per second, chops, porch, portal,
lease: (n, v) rent, hire, charter, filthy, abandoned, carnal, lustful, portico, propylon, snout, door,
contract; (v) let, demise, engage, impure, debauched; (adj, v) orifice
take; (n) rental, letting, leasing lecherous, dissolute. ANTONYMS: lisp: (v) enunciate, mince, enounce,
least: (n) minimum; (adj) smallest, (adj) decent, refined, chaste, clean breathe, lipse
minimal, littlest, lowest, lied: (n) song, hymn list: (n) catalogue, catalog,
insignificant, minutest, negligible; lies: (n) fabrication, falsehood, lie, inclination, index, calendar,
(adj, n) smallest amount; (adv) at lying, deceit, defamation, enumeration; (n, v) file, tilt,
least, fully. ANTONYMS: (adj) denigration, dishonesty, slander, schedule; (v) enter, itemize
maximum, greatest; (adj, adv) most libel, treachery. ANTONYM: (n) listen: (v) hear, heed, hearken, attend,
leather: (n) fur, fleece, skin, buckskin, truth harken, list, listening, eavesdrop,
fell, pelt, doeskin; (v) drub, thresh, lieutenant: (n) captain, assistant, mind, concentrate, pay attention
thrash; (n, v) hit vicegerent, help, helper, first listening: (v) listen, hear, obey; (n)
leaves: (n) departure, leaving, plants, lieutenant, commodore, chancellor, auscultation, perception, sensing,
trees, vegetation commander, levetenant, delegate audition, audience, earshot,
auditory modality; (adj) attentive loathsomeness: (n) dreadfulness, expression, manner, complexion,
literary: (adj) bookish, cultured, odiousness, horridness, disgust, fashion, costume, garb
educated, erudite, literate, formal, nastiness, abomination, aversion, lord: (n) chief, king, noble, sir, duke,
literature, writing, scholarly, awfulness, detestation, loathliness, master, God, seignior, nobility,
knowledgeable, studious disgustedness Mister, potentate. ANTONYM: (n)
literature: (n) letters, science, writing, lobster: (n) crawfish, crayfish, lady
belles lettres, letter, printed matter, European lobster, shellfish, lose: (v) drop, forfeit, mislay, miss,
muses, novel, polite literature, langouste, lobsters, spiny lobster, sacrifice, fall behind, fail, to lose,
republic of letters, profession American lobster, decapod forget, clear, hurt. ANTONYMS: (v)
litter: (adj, n) brood, jumble; (n) crustacean, decapod, langoustine find, secure, recover, earn, obtain,
bedding, stretcher, waste, refuse, lodging: (n) abode, apartment, acquire, get, win, beat, keep,
junk, trash, mess; (n, v) clutter; (adj) accommodation, housing, hostel, succeed
disarray. ANTONYMS: (v) clean; (n) residence, quarter, home, losing: (v) lose; (n) loss; (adv)
space lodgement, address, hospice losingly, behind; (adj) unbeneficial.
live: (adj) alive, living; (adj, v) reside, lodgings: (n) digs, accommodation, ANTONYM: (adj) lucrative
active, dwell, stay; (n, v) subsist; (v) domiciliation, lodging, billet, lost: (adj, v) forlorn, extinct, gone,
exist, be, abide, endure. housing, quarters, residence, pad, missing, helpless; (adj) hopeless,
ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate, living quarters, launchpad bewildered, forgotten, disoriented,
inactive, silent, dummy, blank, loftily: (adv) majestically, broken; (n) loss. ANTONYMS: (adj)
recorded; (v) die, perish, expire superciliously, proudly, haughtily, present, found, existing, won, saved,
lively: (adj, adv) jolly, sprightly; (adj, sublimely, stately, exaltedly, tally, aware
v) active, cheerful; (adj) energetic, toweringly, soaringly, lordly loud: (adj) flashy, garish, gaudy,
agile, keen, busy, gay, fresh, jovial. lofty: (adj, v) high, elevated; (adj) blatant, brassy, boisterous, high,
ANTONYMS: (adj) lethargic, exalted, eminent, arrogant, grand, jazzy, brazen, piercing; (adj, adv)
listless, inactive, unexciting, lifeless, tall, haughty, great, distinguished, forte. ANTONYMS: (adj) tasteful,
awkward, sad, gentle, tired, insipid, majestic. ANTONYMS: (adj) short, gentle, quiet, subtle, subdued, low,
subdued lowly, base, modest, deferential, muted, weak, tranquil, thin; (adv)
liven: (v) enliven, invigorate, inspirit, humble softly
quicken, spirit, brace, energize, logic: (n) argument, logical, sense, loudly: (adv) vociferously, noisily,
arouse, exhilarate, recreate, revive reasoning, reason, good sense, art of loud, clamorously, showily,
liver: (n) dweller, livers, resident, reasoning, order, logics, principle, strongly, flamboyantly,
inhabitant, person, human, coherence. ANTONYMS: (n) obstreperously, luridly,
someone, soul, individual, hepatic inconsistency, disorder boisterously; (adj, adv) forte.
lives: (n) life, living, estate, existence, logical: (adj) coherent, sensible, ANTONYMS: (adv) softly, thinly,
earnest living rational, legitimate, reasonable, silently, piano, pleasantly
living: (adj) alive, live, extant, justifiable, valid, judicious, lucid, lounge: (n, v) loiter; (v) loll, loaf,
animated, active, fresh, animate, orderly; (n) logic. ANTONYMS: recline, rest, dawdle, laze; (n) couch,
quick; (n) livelihood, life, being. (adj) unintelligible, imaginative, saunter, divan, sofa. ANTONYM:
ANTONYMS: (adj) inanimate; (n) confused, irrational, unreasonable, (v) stand
death, leisure random, disorganized, intuitive, louse: (adj) vermin; (n) flea, worm,
liza: (n) gray mullet, Mugil liza incomprehensible, haphazard, insect, bird louse, biting louse, dirt
loathed: (adj) unpopular, hated, disorderly ball, cad, nit, parasite, sucking louse
reviled, undesirable logically: (adv) rationally, coherently, loved: (adj) beloved, pet, cherished,
loathing: (n, v) abomination, lucidly, consistently, soundly, precious, liked, adored, respected,
aversion, dislike, distaste; (n) hate, judiciously, systematically, wisely, treasured, esteemed, valued; (n)
hatred, abhorrence, detestation, validly, cogently, consecutively. darling. ANTONYM: (adj) hated
nausea, antipathy, execration. ANTONYMS: (adv) imaginatively, lovely: (adj) beautiful, charming,
ANTONYMS: (n) love, adoration, foolishly, randomly, irrationally, lovable, enchanting, delightful,
liking, delight, goodwill obscurely, inconsistently, handsome, alluring, elegant,
loathsome: (adj) foul, hideous, contradictorily, carelessly, endearing, gorgeous; (adv) comely.
distasteful, disgusting, hateful, haphazardly, unreasonably, ANTONYMS: (adj) unpleasant,
abominable, revolting, execrable, unconvincingly hideous, ugly, unattractive,
loathly, nauseous, horrible. longer: (adj) longest, better, lengest; horrifying, horrid, unappealing,
ANTONYMS: (adj) delightful, nice, (adv) farther; (n) yearner, thirster repellent, detestable, dreadful,
noble, inoffensive, pleasant, longing: (n, v) desire, aspiration; (adj) awkward
admirable, good, attractive eager, wistful, nostalgic; (n) lover: (n) dear, darling, fan, devotee,
loathsomely: (adv) revoltingly, nostalgia, wish, hankering, urge, beau, buff, love, admirer, beloved,
repulsively, disgustingly, appetite; (adj, n) yearning. amorist, man
sickeningly, nauseously, ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, loving: (adj) fond, devoted, amorous,
nauseatingly, repellently, disinclination; (adj) satisfied, kind, friendly, ardent, attached,
repugnantly, offensively, unconcerned admiring, gentle, fatherly; (adj, v)
abhorrently, awfully looks: (n) aspect, countenance, tender. ANTONYMS: (adj) cold,
uncaring, malicious, cruel, unloving, (adj) basic, inferior, cheap, Spartan mischievous, pernicious, venomous
rough, paternal, indifferent, distant, lying: (adj) false, deceptive, malignantly: (adv) maliciously,
disapproving, callous mendacious, untrue, misleading, spitefully, evilly, malevolently,
lower: (adj, v) debase, frown, abase, fraudulent; (n) lie, falsehood, hatefully, perniciously, nastily,
scowl; (adj, n, v) degrade, diminish, fabrication, deceit, dishonesty. malefically, viciously, pestilentially,
humble; (v) dip, drop, cut; (adj, n) ANTONYMS: (n) honesty, noisomely. ANTONYM: (adv)
inferior. ANTONYMS: (v) raise, truthfulness; (adj) truthful benevolently
improve, glorify, augment, lyrical: (adj) musical, passionate, mangy: (adj) shabby, seedy, scruffy,
straighten, upgrade, uplift; (adj) emotional, melodious, dithyrambic, scabby, squalid, paltry; (v)
higher, senior, over, superior poetic, melodic; (n) tuneful contaminated, tainted, peccant,
lowest: (adj) least, bottom, smallest, macedon: (n) Macedonia, Makedonija vitiated, poisoned
last, minimal, nethermost, under, madam: (n) dame, lady, ma'am, manifestation: (n) appearance,
lowermost, undermost, poorest; gentlewoman, missis, Mrs, brothel indication, exhibition, expression,
(adj, n) minimum keeper, madames, signora, female, display, demonstration, sign,
low-pitched: (adj) quiet, faint, gentle bawd incarnation, advent, show,
luck: (n) fortune, fate, accident, maddened: (adj) angry, furious, revelation
destiny, hazard, lot, advantage, deranged, angered, enraged, mankind: (n) world, humanity,
providence, portion, happiness; (n, moonstruck, fierce, upset, humankind, human race, humans,
v) chance. ANTONYM: (n) design aggravated, ferocious; (v) frantic person, flesh, mortality, people,
luckless: (adj) unlucky, unfortunate, madman: (n) bedlamite, maniac, human beings, humanness
doomed, unhappy, untoward, crazy, loony, nut, madcap, looney, manner: (adj, n) kind; (n) bearing,
fortuneless, ill-fated, disastrous, loco, sufferer, raver, nutcase demeanor, method, form,
unsuccessful, infelicitous, wretched. magnanimity: (adj, n) generosity, appearance, carriage, way; (n, v)
ANTONYMS: (adj) fortunate, liberality; (n) largesse, greatness, custom, style, habit
successful charity, munificence, tolerance, manners: (n) conduct, etiquette,
lucky: (adj, n) auspicious, happy, nobleness, nobility, kindness, propriety, behavior, deportment,
favored; (adj) favorable, prosperous, largess. ANTONYM: (n) pettiness manner, courtesy, custom, decorum,
propitious, successful, favourable, magnanimous: (adj) generous, great, good manners, usage. ANTONYM:
flourishing, fortuitous; (n) fortune. noble, bountiful, exalted, big, (n) vulgarity
ANTONYMS: (adj) unlucky, handsome, lofty, large, charitable, mansion: (n) house, manor,
hapless, unfortunate, unsuccessful, considerate. ANTONYMS: (adj) residence, castle, home, manor
disadvantaged, inauspicious, miserly, unforgiving, petty house, hall, building, palace, villa,
underprivileged, unenviable, maintain: (v) continue, assert, aver, abode. ANTONYMS: (n) hovel,
unsatisfactory preserve, defend, declare, guard, shack, hut
ludicrous: (adj) absurd, ridiculous, conserve, affirm; (n, v) justify, march: (n, v) hike, parade, trek,
farcical, foolish, laughable, comical, allege. ANTONYMS: (v) change, ramble, journey, tramp, course; (n)
grotesque, derisory, droll, neglect, abandon, transform, quit, demonstration; (v) process, pace,
preposterous, jocular. ANTONYMS: grant, end, cancel, endanger, refute, stride
(adj) sane, impressive stop marker: (n) brand, mark, label, token,
lump: (n, v) heap, knot, chunk, block; majestically: (adv) magnificently, bookmark, bookmarker, earmark,
(n) gob, tumor, hunk, bit, bulge; regally, imperially, splendidly, signpost, sign, pointer, milestone
(adj, n) clod; (adj, n, v) mass. nobly, sublimely, solemnly, grandly, marriage: (adj, n) bridal, nuptial; (n)
ANTONYM: (v) divide loftily, impressively, gloriously matrimony, espousal, union,
lunatic: (n) madman, maniac, malediction: (n) imprecation, wedlock, intermarriage, alliance,
bedlamite; (adj) insane, foolish, anathema, execration, denunciation, coupling; (n, v) match; (v) marry.
moonstruck, mad, mental, malison, oath, proscription, ANTONYM: (n) separation
deranged, idiotic; (adj, n) madcap. maranatha, profanity, swear word, married: (adj) wedded, conjugal,
ANTONYM: (adj) sensible heavy calamity. ANTONYM: (n) matrimonial, connubial, nuptial,
luxurious: (adj) voluptuous, costly, blessing united, mixed, connected, marrying,
deluxe, lavish, sumptuous, malice: (n) spite, animosity, enmity, attached, unite. ANTONYMS: (adj)
epicurean, grand, luscious, opulent, venom, ill will, hatred, malevolence, unmarried, unattached, divorced,
magnificent; (adj, n) lush. cruelty, envy, hate, spleen. public
ANTONYMS: (adj) meager, frugal, ANTONYMS: (n) goodwill, marry: (n, v) wed, espouse; (v) get
poor, Spartan, austere, humble, benevolence, affection, goodness married, link, conjoin, wive, splice,
unpleasant, ascetic, impoverished malignancy: (n) malignance, evil, tie, unite, couple; (n) marriage.
luxury: (n) comfort, luxuriousness, malice, malignity, malevolence, ANTONYMS: (v) divorce, separate,
extravagance, opulence, wealth; disease, maliciousness, grudge, split
(adj, n) delicacy, gratification, enmity; (adj) carcinoma, leukemia. marrying: (adj) married
elegance; (adj) luxurious, deluxe, ANTONYM: (n) benignity marsh: (n) quagmire, bog, swamp,
indulgence. ANTONYMS: (n) malignant: (adj) malevolent, morass, marish, pool, wash,
paucity, necessity, poverty, filth, malicious, evil, malefic, fatal, marshland, mire, swampland, sump
discomfort, bareness, shabbiness; spiteful, virulent, sinister, martyrdom: (n) torture, suffering,
calvary, agony, pain, ordeal, emotional, flat, slushy, sentimental, treatment, remedy, cathartic,
Golgotha; (adj) devotion, suttee, sappy, bathetic, milk and water, medical science, preparation; (v)
stoicism; (v) vivisection mild, drippy. ANTONYMS: (adj) medicate
marvellous: (adj) fantastic, dry, unemotional meet: (v) find, converge, assemble,
extraordinary, terrific, tremendous, maybe: (adv) possibly, probably, gather, fulfill, congregate, answer,
wondrous, marvelous, wonderful, perchance, haply, peradventure, in cross, confront, intersect; (adv, v)
tall, miraculous, improbable, all probability, lest, doubtless, encounter. ANTONYMS: (v)
thumping conceivably, mayhap; (n) possibility. diverge, disperse, separate, part,
mask: (n, v) cover, veil, hide, conceal, ANTONYM: (adv) certainly leave, differ, disband
disguise, screen, camouflage; (v) meals: (n) nourishment, fare, food, meeting: (n) confluence, convention,
dissemble; (n) guise, blind, curtain. meal, the food we eat, provisions concourse, assembly, conference,
ANTONYMS: (v) unmask, enhance, meaning: (n) intent, gist, implication, congress, council, meet, caucus,
reinforce, reveal, expose, amplify design, essence, consequence, appointment, junction.
masquerade: (n, v) disguise, pose, significance, content, intention, ANTONYMS: (n) parting, trough
revel; (n) camouflage, masque, fancy connotation, aim. ANTONYM: (n) melted: (adj) molten, fluid, liquified,
dress, pretense, fake, cover; (v) triviality dissolved, liquefied, baked, fluent,
impersonate, pretend meanness: (n) parsimony, closeness, touched, limpid, sorry, flowing
masses: (adj, n) plenty, heaps, loads; pettiness, avarice, selfishness, melting: (n) thawing, fusion, melt,
(adj, adv, n) lots; (n) mass, public, baseness, stinginess, niggardliness, dissolution, warming, thaw,
people, hoi polloi, crowd, common miserliness, nastiness; (adj, n) liquefaction, fusion range; (adj)
people, multitude. ANTONYMS: (n) degeneracy. ANTONYMS: (n) liquescent, pathetic; (adj, n)
aristocracy, few, elite; (adj) generosity, extravagance, decency dissolving
inadequate meant: (adj) destined, implied, member: (n) limb, supporter,
master: (n) captain, instructor, lord; sincere, preordained, intentional, extremity, portion, phallus,
(v) control, conquer, command, predestined; (v) intend, designate personnel, appendage, employee,
dominate, defeat; (adj, n) original, meanwhile: (adv) in the meantime, at section, fellow, constituent.
head, ace. ANTONYMS: (n) the same time, for the time being, ad ANTONYMS: (n) nonmember,
underling, servant, novice, amateur interim; (n) interim, while, interlude, observer, skeptic, whole, opponent
mastery: (n) dominance, dominion, interval, mean, at times; (prep) memories: (n) recollections,
command, domination, ascendancy, during reminiscences, nostalgia, memento
ascendency, control, authority, measure: (n) amount, criterion, Mori
mastership, supremacy, ascendance extent, measurement, estimate, memory: (n) memento, reminiscence,
match: (n, v) mate, meet, pair, fellow; degree, beat, benchmark, quantity, remembrance, recollection, recall,
(v) agree, harmonise, accord, meter; (n, v) act. ANTONYMS: (v) commemoration, anamnesis,
correspond, harmonize; (adj, n, v) guess, estimate storage, retrospect; (adj, n)
parallel; (n) peer. ANTONYMS: (v) measured: (adj) careful, moderate, posthumous fame; (v) mind
contradict, conflict, disagree, jar, calculated, temperate, reasonable, menacingly: (adv) sinisterly,
differ; (n) difference regular, rhythmic, metrical, sober, minaciously, ominously, minatorily,
material: (n) matter, body, cloth; (adj) rhythmical, leisurely. ANTONYMS: frighteningly, forebodingly,
corporal, substantial, bodily, (adj) rushed, unmeasured, fast, seriously, menacing, threatening,
corporeal, concrete, physical, hurried, rapid, rash, thoughtless warningly, intimidatingly
important, real. ANTONYMS: (adj) measuring: (n) measure, mentally: (adv) spiritually,
insubstantial, immaterial, mensuration, scaling, surveying, psychologically, rationally, ideally,
incorporeal, insignificant, hydrometry, actinometry, innerly, psychically, lunatically,
unimportant, abstract, heavenly, gravimetry, densitometry, subjectively, madly, spiritual,
intangible, ethereal calorimetry, bathymetry, inwardly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
mathematical: (adj) mathematic, audiometry emotionally, physically
punctual, algebraic, arithmetical, mechanically: (adv) mechanistically, mention: (n, v) comment, name,
exact, accurate, possible, instinctively, routinely, remark, call, hint; (v) cite, observe,
unquestionable, scientific, involuntarily, industrially, commend; (n) allusion, citation,
religiously exact, numerical. unconsciously, automaticly, reference. ANTONYM: (v) conceal
ANTONYMS: (adj) verbal, random intuitively, impulsively, technically, merciful: (adj) humane, gracious,
mathematically: (adv) arithmetically, technologically. ANTONYMS: (adv) lenient, compassionate, kind,
scientifically, punctually, manually, consciously clement, benign, kindly, gentle,
algebraically, algebraicly medical: (adj) aesculapian, medicinal, beneficent, forgiving. ANTONYMS:
mathematics: (n) arithmetic, maths, medic, therapeutic, remedial; (n) (adj) pitiless, merciless, unforgiving,
science, mathesis, calculation, checkup, health check, examination, spiteful, harsh, impatient, severe,
applied mathematics, sums, applied scrutiny, healing; (adv) medically. hardhearted
math, liberal arts ANTONYMS: (adj) surgical, merciless: (adj) brutal, pitiless,
matters: (n) affairs, materials, theoretical unmerciful, remorseless, heartless,
dealings, proceedings medicine: (n) drug, medication, implacable, inhuman, hard, grim,
mawkish: (adj) maudlin, mushy, medicament, therapy, physic, barbarous, unfeeling. ANTONYMS:
(adj) charitable, kind, humane, soft, records, memorandum, journal, ANTONYMS: (adj) accurate, wise,
caring, tolerant minute, report, proceeding, legal right
mere: (adj, n) entire; (adj) bare, proceeding, judicial proceeding, mistress: (n) dame, concubine,
simple, pure; (n) loch, tarn, Hansard madame, inamorata, lady, lover,
boundary, absolute; (n, v) miracle: (adj, n) wonder, prodigy; (n) fancy woman, doxy, girl, kept
downright; (adv) merely; (adj, v) phenomenon, mystery, woman, missis
clear wonderwork, surprise, sensation, mistrustful: (adj) suspicious, leery,
merely: (adj, adv) only, barely, event, theurgy, astonishment, doubtful, jealous, incredulous,
purely, simply, exclusively; (adv) amazement skeptical, dubious, wary,
but, absolutely, entirely, simplely, mirage: (n, v) illusion; (n) delusion, distrustfully, diffident, suspect.
completely, unmixedly. fancy, vision, fantasy, phantom, ANTONYMS: (adj) gullible, unwary
ANTONYM: (adv) intensely misconception; (v) distortion, moan: (n, v) grumble, gripe, whine,
mess: (n) jumble, clutter, anamorphosis, false light, phasma. lament, cry, howl; (v) bewail,
hodgepodge, jam, difficulty, ANTONYM: (n) reality complain, mourn; (n) complaint,
confusion, disorder, chaos; (v) soil, mire: (n, v) bog, muck; (n) filth, lamentation. ANTONYMS: (v)
botch; (adj, n) scrape. ANTONYMS: marsh, quagmire, dirt, sludge, clay; compliment; (n) praise
(n) success, space, neatness, ease (adj, n, v) mud; (v) involve, bog moaning: (n, v) lamentation; (adj)
method: (n) course, fashion, form, down groaning, whining, funereal,
system, order, approach, mirthful: (adj) gay, jolly, merry, inarticulate, dirgeful; (n)
arrangement, way, manner, festive, gleeful, glad, blithe, complaining, mourning
formula; (adj, n) plan. ANTONYMS: amusing, jocund, laughable, comical moans: (adj) moaning
(n) chaos, disorderliness miserable: (adj, v) forlorn, wretched, mockery: (n) gibe, jeer, irony, farce,
middle: (n) heart, hub, core, center; unhappy; (adj) mean, low, abject, charade, derision, parody, mock,
(adj, n) mean, median, mid; (adj) deplorable, downcast, bad, desolate; scorn, imitation, burlesque.
intermediate, halfway, mediate, (adj, adv) meager. ANTONYMS: ANTONYM: (n) approval
central. ANTONYMS: (adj) extreme, (adj) happy, generous, cheerful, model: (n, v) pattern, copy, fashion,
outer, late, early; (adj, n) outside; (n) cheery, bright, fortunate, hopeful, shape; (n) example, image, figure,
extremity, perimeter, beginning, jubilant, luxurious, overjoyed, prototype, dummy; (adj, n)
end, circumference, surface heavenly standard; (v) imitate. ANTONYMS:
midst: (adj, n) middle; (adv) mid, miserably: (adv) pathetically, (adj) atypical, unconventional,
between; (prep) among, amid; (n) patheticly, pitiably, unhappily, imperfect, deficient; (n) original
core, center, thick, interior, heart, sorrowfully, pessimistically, modest: (adj) humble, lowly,
waist tragically; (adj, adv) piteously, moderate, gentle, low, meek, chaste,
military: (n) armed forces, force, grievously, woefully; (adj) decent, unassuming; (adj, n) bashful,
army, troop, personnel; (adj) miserable. ANTONYMS: (adv) diffident. ANTONYMS: (adj)
militant, warlike, soldierly, happily, hopefully, brightly, pretentious, arrogant, spectacular,
militaristic, armed, combatant. affluently, enthusiastically, conceited, showy, proud, pompous,
ANTONYMS: (adj) unmilitary, fortunately, profusely, contentedly elaborate, grand, conspicuous,
unarmed misery: (adj, n) grief; (n, v) distress; ostentatious
millinery: (n) hat shop, store, shop, (n) affliction, agony, anguish, woe, modesty: (n) reserve, bashfulness,
turban, toque, tailoring, man hardship, evil, ill, infelicity, humility, diffidence, humbleness,
millinery, lid, hat, frippery, foppery suffering. ANTONYMS: (n) joy, demureness, coyness, gentleness,
millions: (n) billions, jillions, trillions, ecstasy, cheerfulness, fun, continence; (adj, n) decency,
large indefinite amount, zillions, hopefulness, peace, contentment, honesty. ANTONYMS: (n)
myriad, large indefinite quantity pleasure, wealth, sport, cheer arrogance, immodesty, spectacle,
mine: (adj, v) excavate, sap; (n) misfortune: (n) accident, hardship, flamboyance, abandon,
excavation, pit, fund, land mine, misadventure, disaster, calamity, bigheadedness, pretension,
vein; (v) exploit, burrow; (adj) my, mischance, catastrophe, mishap, bad decadence, boldness
delve luck, misery, affliction. moist: (adj) damp, wet, muggy,
minute: (n, v) note; (adj) little, ANTONYMS: (n) joy, bonus, clammy, dank, damps, dampish,
delicate, microscopic, small, atomic; opportunity, privilege, success, soggy, soppy, wettish, moisture.
(n) jiffy, flash, moment, second, happiness ANTONYMS: (adj) dry, limp, fresh
memorandum. ANTONYMS: (adj) mistake: (n, v) miss, blunder, err, momentary: (adj) brief, fugitive,
huge, big, gigantic, significant, slip; (n) failure, error, transient, short, instantaneous,
cursory, immeasurable, tremendous, misconception, misapprehension, ephemeral, passing, momentaneous,
important, colossal, giant, large defect, demerit; (v) misapprehend. temporary, impermanent, temporal.
minutely: (adv) precisely, in detail, ANTONYMS: (v) appreciate, ANTONYMS: (adj) lasting, lengthy,
closely, tinily, smally, distinguish, interpret long
insignificantly, infinitesimally, mistaken: (adj) wrong, erroneous, monkey: (n) imp, primate, scamp,
diminutively, nicely, exactly, false, misguided, inaccurate, rascal, battering ram; (v) tinker,
microscopically fallacious, untrue, misleading, meddle, tamper, trifle, cuckoo, echo
minutes: (n) record, transactions, confused, improper, error. monotonous: (adj) dull, flat, boring,
dreary, tedious, insipid, monotone, conj) and repel, come, leave
monotonic; (adj, v) dry, morosely: (adv) grumpily, sourly, moved: (adj) affected, excited,
uninteresting, stupid. ANTONYMS: peevishly, sulkily, glumly, dourly, touched, disordered, enthused,
(adj) exciting, varied, stimulating, moodily, gloomily, petulantly, gone, tense, inspired, stimulated,
lively, exotic, enthralling, brilliant, dismally, gruffly. ANTONYM: (adv) overcome, interested. ANTONYM:
flexible cheerily (adj) uninspired
monster: (n) beast, fiend, devil, freak, mortal: (adj) deadly, fatal, lethal, movement: (n) move, action,
brute, demon, ogre, leviathan, deathly, earthly; (n) man, campaign, crusade, activity,
behemoth, monstrosity; (adj) huge individual, creature, person, human advancement, cause, passage, drive,
monstrous: (adj) huge, atrocious, being, body. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) drift, flow. ANTONYMS: (n)
heinous, monster, immense, immortal; (adj) eternal, heavenly, stillness, inertia, motionlessness,
gigantic, grievous, ugly, flagitious, mild, perfect, spiritual inactivity, retreat
dreadful; (adj, v) grotesque. mortifying: (adj) embarrassing, moving: (adj) affecting, exciting,
ANTONYMS: (adj) tiny, minute, demeaning, humbling, undignified, emotional, impressive, mobile,
beautiful, good, small, lovely, off, awkward, unpleasant; (v) pitiful, poignant, touching; (n)
attractive annoying, aggravating, irritating, movement, motive, transport.
monstrously: (adv) grotesquely, stinging. ANTONYM: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) motionless,
enormously, hideously, horridly, dignified depressing, stationary, unemotional,
stupendously, inordinately, mostly: (adv) generally, chiefly, for fixed, unmoving, everyday,
exorbitantly, monumentally, the most part, ordinarily, in general, immobile, nonmoving, ridiculous,
prodigiously; (adj, adv) above all, mainly, primarily, boring
preposterously, immoderately principally, more often than not, by muddled: (adj) bewildered,
month: (n) calendar month, months, and large. ANTONYM: (adv) disorganized, messy, addled,
lunation, minute, hour, day, period, partially disordered, incoherent, bemused,
quarter, quinquennium, year, motionless: (adj) inactive, inert, unintelligible, chaotic, upset,
moonshine immobile, stationary, fixed, jumbled. ANTONYMS: (adj)
monthly: (adj) menstrual, mensal, unmoving, quiescent, dead, torpid; organized, precise, lucid, coherent,
periodic; (adv) each month, every (adj, adv) calm, at rest. distinct, clear
month, month by month; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) mobile, active, muffled: (adj) hushed, muted,
magazine, periodical, journal, series, alive, flowing hollow, inarticulate, faint, soft,
review motive: (n, v) cause; (n) account, subdued, low, quiet; (v) allusive,
mood: (adj, n) humor, frame of mind; incentive, impulse, inducement, covert. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear,
(n) atmosphere, climate, disposition, motif, motivation, incitement, distinct, audible, slight
attitude, air, feeling, mode, temper, reason, subject; (v) aim. mules: (n) mule, scuffs, carpet
temperament ANTONYM: (n) disincentive slipper, scuff
moody: (adj) gloomy, dark, irritable, mouldy: (adj) moldy, mildewy, fusty, multitude: (n) flock, horde, crowd,
morose, capricious, glum, grumpy, musty, stale, trite, hackneyed, well- host, throng, concourse, mob,
fickle, petulant, dour, sullen. worn, putrid, mould, frowsty masses, mass, herd, swarm.
ANTONYMS: (adj) equable, happy, mournful: (adj) sad, miserable, ANTONYM: (n) trickle
reliable, stable, calm melancholy, funereal, dolorous, muttered: (adj) garbled, incoherent,
moral: (n) lesson, meaning; (adj) dark, pensive, gloomy, lugubrious, broken, inarticulate
good, decent, right, honest, virtuous, lamentable; (adj, n) plaintive. muttering: (n) grumbling, mutter,
proper, chaste, upright, righteous. ANTONYMS: (adj) joyful, happy, murmuring, grumble, murmuration,
ANTONYMS: (adj) bad, emotionless murmur vowel, complaint, heart
unwholesome, unethical, amoral, mouse: (v) sneak, creep, steal, snoop, murmur, cardiac murmur; (adj)
decadent, wrong, unjust, sinful, seek; (n) track, hunt, field mouse, mumbling, faint
irreverent, dishonorable, degenerate fieldmouse, trace; (adj) small fry mutual: (adj) common, communal,
morally: (adv) virtuously, chastely, mouth: (n) lip, lips, aperture, edge, joint, bilateral, collective, public,
righteously, justly, properly, entrance, snout, entry; (n, v) united, concerted, shared, alternate;
decently, ethically, purely, grimace; (v) articulate, pronounce, (adv) mutually. ANTONYMS: (adj)
uprightly, rightly, religiously. speak individual, unilateral, private,
ANTONYMS: (adv) indecently, movable: (adj) portable, transferable, solitary
corruptly, improperly mercurial, adjustable, ambulatory, myself: (pron) me, itself, herself,
morbidly: (adv) sickly, unhealthily, changeable, transportable, oneself, themselves, yourself; (n) I,
diseasedly, frightfully, moveable, flexible, active; (v) yourselves; (adv) in person, for
unwholesomely, ghoulishly, shifting. ANTONYMS: (adj) myself, in my opinion.
corruptly, macabrely, gruesomely, immovable, unchangeable ANTONYMS: (adv) universally,
ghastly, ailingly move: (v) excite, go, affect, carry, generally
moreover: (adv) again, besides, in touch, instigate, travel; (n, v) act, mysterious: (adj) inscrutable,
addition, further, additionally, into drive, transfer, maneuver. incomprehensible, deep, eerie,
the bargain, beyond, what is more; ANTONYMS: (v) stay, restore, inexplicable, obscure, abstruse, dark,
(adv, n) also; (adj, n) likewise; (adv, refrain, remain, rest, withdraw, stop, cryptic, secret, arcane. ANTONYMS:
(adj) known, apparent, normal, obscenely, sordidly, distastefully, necessary: (adj, n, v) requisite; (adj, v)
open, explicable, facile, obvious, maliciously, wickedly, repellently, important; (adj) inevitable,
simple, legible, familiar, transparent vulgarly; (adv, v) foully, filthily. compulsory, mandatory,
mystery: (n) arcanum, enigma, ANTONYMS: (adv) pleasantly, fundamental, main, indispensable;
mysteriousness, secrecy, puzzle, kindly, amiably, respectfully, (n) necessity, demand; (adj, n) basic.
craft, perplexity, poser, politely, tamely, mercifully, ANTONYMS: (adj) optional,
inscrutability, whodunit; (adj, n) innocently, agreeably, benevolently surplus, needless, unjustified,
secret. ANTONYMS: (n) nastiness: (n) filthiness, foulness, dispensable, possible, unimportant,
explanation, openness meanness, spite, malice, beastliness, voluntary, nonessential,
mysticism: (n) enchantment, dirt, dirtiness, indecency, bitchiness; inappropriate; (n) inessential
bewitchery, second sight, thinking, (adj, n) unpleasantness. necessity: (n) demand, need, lack,
thought, optimism, theology, ANTONYMS: (n) amiability, exigency, essential, compulsion,
spirituality, religious studies, niceness, goodwill, generosity, emergency, distress, must,
religious mysticism, animal decency, charity, pleasantness, constraint, necessary. ANTONYMS:
magnetism politeness, friendliness (n) inessential, treat, unimportance,
nagging: (adj) critical, troublesome, nasty: (adj) dirty, foul, filthy, luxury
niggling, captious, vexatious, disgusting, awful, mean, repulsive, neck: (n) cervix, nape, neckband,
bothersome, demanding, moaning, raw, hurtful, coarse; (adj, n) neckline, isthmus; (v) make out, pet,
uneasy; (n) torment obnoxious. ANTONYMS: (adj) love, cut; (adj) stricture, middle
nail: (n, v) arrest, capture; (v) catch, agreeable, pleasant, nice, charitable, constriction
collar, apprehend, hook, strike, hit, lovely, delightful, friendly, tasty, needed: (adj) essential, required,
fasten, nab; (adj, n) pin. charming, safe, respectful requisite, needful, indispensable,
ANTONYMS: (v) unfasten, detach natural: (adj) inherent, innate, wanted, needing, needs, wanting,
naive: (adj) inexperienced, unaffected, instinctive, artless, desired, want. ANTONYM: (adj)
unsophisticated, simple, ingenuous, congenital, inborn, normal, intrinsic, optional
naif, green, ignorant, gullible, essential, native. ANTONYMS: (adj) needle: (v) irritate, goad, sting, rile,
natural, callow, guileless. affected, refined, false, cultivated, gall, aggravate, nag; (n) injection,
ANTONYMS: (adj) experienced, unnatural, paranormal, pointer, awl, plunger
worldly, cunning, mature, astute, supernatural, abnormal, forced, needs: (adv) inevitably, needfully,
sly, suspicious, wary, sharp, smart, exceptional, strained indispensably, by necessity,
shrewd naturally: (adv, int) of course; (adv) inescapably, of necessity,
naively: (adv) ingenuously, spontaneously, unaffectedly, ineluctably; (n) must, requirement,
credulously, unsophisticatedly, natively, openly, essentially, course, necessity; (adj) needed
artlessly, inexperiencedly, simplely, by nature, understandably, negation: (n) contradiction, negate,
candidly, frankly, trustingly, normally; (adj, adv) innately. opposition, disavowal, deny,
childishly, unaffectedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) artificially, cancellation, rebuttal, refusal,
ANTONYMS: (adv) deliberately, surprisingly, uncharacteristically, refutation, rejection, abnegation.
astutely, sensibly, dishonestly, pretentiously, unusually, ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance,
artfully abnormally, affectedly, shyly confirmation, affirmation,
naivete: (n) artlessness, innocence, nature: (n) disposition, essence, substantiation, reinforcement,
naiveness, credulousness, gullibility, quality, creation, breed, agreement
ingenuousness, sincerity, simplicity, temperament, type, attribute; (adj, negative: (v) gainsay, disavow,
naturalness, candor; (adj) bonhomie. n) character, class, manner negate, kill, deny; (adj) minus,
ANTONYM: (n) sophistication nausea: (n) sickness, queasiness, denying, adverse; (n, v) veto; (n)
napoleon: (n) Polish bank, Napoleon squeamishness, revulsion, negation, denial. ANTONYMS: (adj)
I, Napoleon Bonaparte, lottery, lift repugnance, qualm, illness; (v) positive, optimistic, assenting,
smoke, connections, put, cassino, the loathing, aversion, dislike, distaste constructive, useful, neutral,
little corporal, Bonaparte, blind near: (adj, adv, v) close, at hand; (adv, hopeful, helpful, harmless,
hookey prep) by, around, towards; (adj, v) flattering; (n) plus
narrative: (n, v) history, tale; (n) familiar, adjoining, approximate; neglected: (adj) dilapidated,
account, story, chronicle, legend, (adj, adv, prep) about; (adj, adv) disregarded, ignored, deserted,
yarn, recital, relation, report, almost; (adj) imminent. derelict, forsaken, obsolete,
anecdote ANTONYMS: (adj) distant, far, antiquated, antique, shabby,
narrow: (adj, adv, v) close; (adj) further, actual, exact; (v) leave unnoticed. ANTONYM: (adj)
limited, insular, little, illiberal; (v) nearer: (adj) adjacent, narre, hither; salubrious
limit, contract, lessen, constrict, (adv) more rapidly, sooner, quicker, neighbourhood: (n) neighborhood,
shrink; (adj, v) confined. nigher, NER, faster, earlier, Neer adjacency, locality, near, nearness,
ANTONYMS: (adj) wide, broad, nearly: (adv) closely, intimately, proximity, place, community, street,
comprehensive, extensive, nighly, virtually; (adj, adv, prep) vicinity, nearby
worldwide, substantial, deep; (v) about, just about; (adj, adv) near, all neighbours: (n) neighborhood
widen, extend, broaden, increase but, close, most; (adv, prep) neither: (conj) either, no-one, not
nastily: (adv) meanly, offensively, approximately either, nor, nother
nerves: (n) nervousness, jitters, nonplussed: (adj) puzzled, confused, at present, at the moment,
jumpiness, jitteriness, restlessness, at a loss, disconcerted, confounded, immediately; (adv, n) today; (adj, n)
tension, strain, screaming meemies, perplexed, blank, distraught; (n) present; (n) moment, modern times,
apprehension, edginess, extreme graveled, stranded; (adv) aground these days, nonce. ANTONYMS:
nervousness. ANTONYM: (n) calm nonsense: (n) bosh, absurdity, (adv) formerly, then
nice: (adj) fastidious, dainty, fine, humbug, balderdash, foolishness, nursing: (n) attention, tending, care,
good, lovely, kind, likable, delicious, drivel, folderol, baloney, falderal, breast feeding, treatment, nurture,
difficult, precise; (adj, n) neat. jargon, claptrap. ANTONYMS: (n) suckling, nurse, feeding, treat,
ANTONYMS: (adj) horrible, nasty, sense, wisdom, substance, fact rearing
unlikable, rough, mean, loathsome, normal: (adj) regular, general, obediently: (adv) dutifully,
approximate, unsavory, unfriendly, customary, conventional, habitual, yieldingly, compliantly, meekly,
inelegant, bad natural, typical, mean, everyday; acquiescently, respectfully, tamely,
nightmare: (n) incubus, fantasy, (adj, v) ordinary, common. subserviently, passively, loyally,
terror, trial, air drawn dagger, ANTONYMS: (adj) unusual, devotedly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
bugbear, fancy, vision, fear, horror, irregular, weird, unconventional, defiantly, assertively, wildly
situation. ANTONYM: (n) reality creepy, supernatural, strange, odd, object: (n) cause, intent, meaning,
nights: (adj) nightly; (n) night extraordinary, eccentric, irrational mark, subject, objective, substance;
nine: (n) niner, club, ball club, nose: (n) hooter, neb, nozzle, (n, v) aim, end, intention; (v) except.
baseball club, ennead, Nina from proboscis, honker, bow, odour; (v) ANTONYMS: (v) agree, approve,
Carolina, three times three, ten, wind, pry, scent; (n, v) sniff praise; (n) notion
nightspot, clubhouse, queen note: (n, v) comment, mind, remark, objects: (n) things, stuff, matter,
noble: (adj, n) grand, glorious, mention, heed, mark, look, report; material, substance
patrician; (adj) imposing, (n) indication, annotation; (v) detect. obligation: (n) debt, bond, duty,
impressive, elevated, majestic, ANTONYMS: (v) disregard; (n) liability, commitment, charge,
generous, high; (adj, v) dignified, disgrace, invoice burden, responsibility, onus,
great. ANTONYMS: (adj) shameful, notes: (n) data, commentary, necessity, requirement.
humble, dishonorable, lowly, currency, paper, comments, ANTONYMS: (n) option, persuasion
lowborn, disgraceful, unimpressive, remarks, annotation, information, obliged: (adj) grateful, thankful,
ignoble, modest, petty; (n) lady ready money, observations, appreciative, forced, accountable,
nobody: (n) cipher, naught, zero, nil, newspaper compelled; (adj, v) bound, under
nothing, nonentity, cypher, zip, notice: (n, v) note, mind, regard; (n) obligation; (adj, prep) indebted; (v)
whippersnapper, none; (n, pron) no advertisement, information, oblige, binding. ANTONYM: (adj)
one. ANTONYMS: (n) celebrity, declaration, attention; (adj, v) look, ungrateful
notable, somebody; (pron) everyone, attend; (v) find, detect. obliquity: (n) inclination,
anyone, everybody ANTONYMS: (v) ignore, overlook, crookedness, slope, depravity,
nodding: (adj) cernuous, drooping, Miss; (n) ignorance, inattention, asynclitism, meretriciousness,
dozy, dozing, somnolent, drugged, appointment, unconsciousness deceptiveness, grade, deviousness;
pendulous, drowsing, droopy, noticed: (adj) noted (adj) pollution, pravity
annuent, flagging. ANTONYM: (adj) noticing: (n) observation, look; (adj) obscurantist: (n) trickster, deceiver,
awake conscious doctrinaire, cheater; (adj) obscurant.
noise: (n, v) clatter, echo; (n) clamor, noting: (adj) conscious ANTONYM: (n) dilettante
hubbub, racket, sound, disturbance, notion: (n) belief, idea, impression, obscure: (adj, n) cloudy, dark; (adj)
uproar, din, buzz, clang. fancy, image, imagination, opinion, gloomy, mysterious,
ANTONYMS: (n) silence, quiet, conception, concept; (adj, n, v) incomprehensible, hidden,
quietness, sense judgment; (n, v) caprice. ambiguous, concealed; (adj, v)
noisily: (adv) clamorously, ANTONYMS: (n) trust, certainty, darken, muddy; (v) hide.
boisterously, vociferously, riotously, fact, reality ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, noticeable,
raucously, uproariously, loudly, notions: (n) belief, thinking, thought, simple, obvious, distinct,
blatantly, rowdily, stridently, sundries, opinion, concept, ideas, mainstream, famous, definite, overt,
vocally. ANTONYMS: (adv) ribbon, philosophy, odds and ends; plain; (v) reveal
noiselessly, silently, calmly, (adj) irrational observation: (adj, n) observance; (n)
peacefully, softly novel: (adj) fresh, curious, modern, remark, comment, attention,
noisy: (adj) boisterous, loud, unprecedented, different, original, contemplation, perception,
vociferous, clamorous, turbulent, newfangled, recent, strange; (n) conception; (n, v) inspection, notice,
tumultuous, strident, blatant, shrill, fiction, romance. ANTONYMS: (adj) note, consideration. ANTONYMS:
rowdy, vocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) traditional, hackneyed, stale, (n) disregard, omission, neglect
silent, peaceful, tranquil, calm, unoriginal, familiar observe: (n, v) comment, notice, note;
noiseless, soft, restrained, placid, novelty: (adj) news; (n) freshness, (v) commemorate, mind, guard,
orderly, gentle mutation, newness, trinket, mention, mark, see, discover; (int, v)
none: (n) nought, naught, nobody, curiosity, originality, oddity, bauble; look. ANTONYMS: (v) feel,
zilch, anything; (adv) not, neither, (n, v) change, difference disregard, break, overlook, disobey,
any; (adj) whatsoever, no, whatever nowadays: (adv) currently, presently, disrespect, Miss, violate
observed: (adj) ascertained, absorbed, engrossed, working, oiled: (adj) intoxicated, oily.
empirical, discovered, viewed, industrious, affianced, betrothed. ANTONYM: (adj) unoiled
experimental, experiential, ANTONYMS: (adj) empty, vacant, old-fashioned: (adj) obsolete,
determined, visual, disclosed uninhabited, available, free, idle, antiquated, archaic, outmoded,
obstacle: (n, v) hindrance, difficulty, liberated, unoccupied outdated, ancient, old, musty, corny,
block, check, interruption, delay; (n) occur: (v) happen, come, fall, befall, behind the times, superannuated
drawback, barrier, hitch, betide, chance, be, materialize, olympia: (n) Olympiad, capital of
obstruction, bar. ANTONYMS: (n) develop, come up, appear. Washington
asset, aid, advantage, boost, ANTONYM: (v) disappear omitted: (adj) absent, forgotten,
incentive oceans: (n) ocean, load, lot, bushel, misplaced, wanting, not there,
obstinacy: (n) stubbornness, mass, stack, mountain, heap away, gone astray, lost, mislaid,
firmness, bullheadedness, o'clock: (n) period, hours gone
determination, contumacy, odour: (n) flavour, smell, odor, oneself: (n) herself, himself,
mulishness, impenitence, resolve, aroma, scent, bouquet, savour, nose, themselves, personal, private,
resoluteness, impenitency, flavor, smack, redolence selfness, self, yourself, me, person,
pertinacity. ANTONYMS: (n) offence: (n) insult, injury, guilt, error, own
cooperation, compliance delinquency, fault, misdeed, opened: (adj) candid, exposed, overt,
obstinate: (adj) obdurate, inflexible, infraction, infringement, attack, agaze, blatant, blazing, clear,
intractable, determined, inveterate, offense through, conspicuous; (v) distended,
disobedient, willful, stubborn, offended: (adj) angry, affronted, blown
contrary, wayward, dogged. aggrieved, pained, wronged, open-eyed: (adj) watchful
ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible, annoyed, insulted, shocked, vexed, openly: (adv) frankly, publicly,
amenable, irresolute, cooperative, resentful, injured. ANTONYMS: clearly, candidly, directly,
easygoing, docile, biddable, (adj) indifferent, proud, straightforwardly, evidently,
agreeable, accommodating, unconcerned publically, plainly, outspokenly;
malleable, gentle offensive: (adj, v) foul, odious, nasty, (adj, adv) manifestly. ANTONYMS:
obstinately: (adv) obdurately, aggressive, coarse, hateful; (adj) (adv) furtively, secretively,
mulishly, persistently, perversely, distasteful, disgusting, loathsome, clandestinely, mysteriously,
doggedly, refractorily, unyieldingly, abusive, nauseous. ANTONYMS: ambiguously, reticently, covertly,
willfully, pigheadedly, waywardly, (adj) complimentary, pleasant, discreetly, affectedly, craftily,
firmly. ANTONYM: (adv) helpfully polite, defensive, tasteful, peaceful, deceitfully
obtain: (v) acquire, have, get, earn, pleasing, savory, euphemistic, opinion: (adj, n, v) judgment, feeling,
achieve, attain, accomplish, derive, decent; (n) defense notion; (n) idea, belief, conjecture,
effect, make, collect. ANTONYMS: offered: (adj) presented, accessible, advice, guess, impression, view; (n,
(v) lose, relinquish, sell, dispatch, existing, obtainable, available, v) meaning
give ready, on hand, to be had, opportunity: (n) chance, opening,
obvious: (adj, v) clear; (adj) distinct, unsolicited luck, occasion, crack, room, event,
conspicuous, open, evident, flagrant, offhand: (adj, adv) impromptu, time, circumstance, shot, alternative.
glaring, blatant, discernible; (adj, extemporaneous, extempore; (adj) ANTONYMS: (n) past, disaster
adv) apparent, manifest. casual, extemporary, careless, opposed: (adj) conflicting, hostile,
ANTONYMS: (adj) inconspicuous, cavalier, nonchalant, brusque, contrary, antagonistic, adverse,
obscure, unclear, undetectable, abrupt, improvised. ANTONYMS: contrasted, repugnant, averse,
hidden, imperceptible, slight, subtle, (adj) careful, considerate, warm, irreconcilable, incompatible; (adj, v)
concealed, unobvious, furtive serious, civil, cautious, opposing. ANTONYMS: (adj)
obviously: (adv) clearly, patently, conscientious, concerned, caring, sympathetic, compatible,
plainly, openly, apparently, intended, prepared unopposed, similar, favorable,
manifestly, markedly, transparently, officer: (n) police officer, eager, agreeable, inclined, friendly
naturally, distinctly, prominently. administrator, constable, opposite: (adj, n) contrary,
ANTONYMS: (adv) imperceptibly, commander, military officer, contradictory, opponent; (adj)
inconspicuously, secretly, bureaucrat, official, officeholder, adverse, different, opposing, hostile,
ambiguously, covertly, furtively, executive, agent, employee. diametric, opposed; (adj, pron)
unclearly, invisibly, questionably, ANTONYM: (n) underling other; (adj, adv) counter.
surprisingly officers: (n) executive committee, ANTONYMS: (adj) allied, alternate,
occasion: (n, v) cause; (n) case, event, staff identical, like, same, parallel; (n)
juncture, episode, incident; (v) bring official: (adj) formal, standard, sameness, alikeness, confirmation
about, create, beget, make, induce regular, functional; (n) minister, opposition: (n) conflict, contrary,
occupation: (n) occupancy, business, bureaucrat, functionary, employee, contrariety, opposite, hostility,
craft, calling, job, place, vocation, officeholder; (n, v) executive; (adj, v) enemy, opponent, antagonism,
career, function, line; (n, v) affair. authoritative. ANTONYMS: (adj) competition, contradiction; (n, prep)
ANTONYM: (n) surrender private, informal, illegal, antithesis. ANTONYMS: (n) ally,
occupied: (adj) busy, engaged, unauthorized, unceremonious, support, acceptance, approval,
employed, diligent, active, unlawful, invalid backing, encouragement,
inclination, goodwill, ease, eruption, fit, burst, flash, effusion, incite, install, lose, protect, submit
agreement, cooperation gush, ebullition, blast, rage overwhelmed: (adj) beaten,
oppressed: (adj) laden, persecuted, outer: (adj) exterior, outward, overpowered, vanquished,
broken, burdened, drawn, gloomy, outside, extrinsic, outdoor, outlying, dumbfounded, inundated, flooded,
aggrieved, downcast, heavy, peripheral, surface, utter, overthrown, engulfed, conquered,
ladened, loaded extraneous, outmost. ANTONYMS: bewildered; (v) overborne.
ordained: (adj) destined, prescribed, (adj) internal, inner, interior, ANTONYM: (adj) unimpressed
appointed, predestined, fated, inward, inside overwrought: (adj) tense, distraught,
preordained, meant, legal, lawful, outlet: (n) market, egress, store, exit, anxious, nervous, upset, worried,
dedicated, inevitable opening, drain, emporium, way out, frantic, emotional, on edge, uptight;
ordered: (adj) regular, arranged, hole, issue, outfall. ANTONYM: (n) (adj, v) overexcited. ANTONYMS:
methodical, trim, orderly, lawful, entrance (adj) calm, cool, relaxed
logical, consistent, coherent, outraged: (adj) angry, incensed, livid, owed: (adj) due, outstanding, unpaid,
commanded, organized. enraged, mad, cross, annoyed, payable, deserved, fitting; (v) ought,
ANTONYMS: (adj) disordered, perverted, umbrageous, beside behoove, owned, possessed; (n)
disarranged, inconsistent yourself, scandalized. ANTONYMS: aught. ANTONYM: (adj) paid
ordinary: (adj, n, v) customary, usual; (adj) calm, indifferent owing: (adj) due, unpaid, unsettled,
(adj) middling, mediocre, average, outside: (adv) outdoors, alfresco, out outstanding, overdue, owed,
normal, everyday; (adj, n) familiar, of doors; (n, prep) exterior; (adj, payable, undischarged, indebted,
accustomed, habitual; (adj, v) prep) external; (adj) outdoor, fulfilling obligation, lawful.
general. ANTONYMS: (adj) foreign, outer, extraneous, remote, ANTONYM: (adj) settled
unusual, strange, peculiar, outward. ANTONYMS: (adj, adv, n, pacing: (n) accelerando, andante,
outstanding, incredible, special, prep) inside; (adj) indoor, internal, allegro, allegretto, pace, walk,
famous, distinguished, abnormal, likely, strong; (prep) in, within; tempo, musical time, maneuvering
particular, exotic (adv) indoors; (adj, n) interior alongside another vessel, cardiac
organ: (n) instrument, member, limb, outsider: (n) foreigner, stranger, pacing
apparatus, harmonium, agency, layman, outlander, foreign, paid: (adj, v) compensated; (adj)
part, mechanism, medium, means, newcomer, unknown, immigrant, salaried, paying, nonrecreational,
journal bystander, strangers, guest. profitable, remunerated,
origin: (n, v) lineage; (n) birth, ANTONYMS: (n) native, participant remunerative, mercenary, settled,
beginning, descent, base, source, outskirts: (n) edge, periphery, prepaid, apaid. ANTONYMS: (adj)
well, commencement, extraction, margin, environs, border, fringe, owing, due, unprofitable; (adv)
derivation, foundation. boundary, rim, skirt, precincts, voluntary
ANTONYMS: (n) demise, frontier. ANTONYM: (n) middle pain: (n, v) hurt, afflict, ache, bother,
conclusion, culmination, effect overcoat: (n) greatcoat, coat, cloak, torment, trouble, grieve, anguish; (n)
original: (adj) primitive, native, robe, topcoat, surcoat, coating, ill, agony, nuisance. ANTONYMS:
authentic, primary, new, overcoating, capote, chesterfield, (v) encourage, cheer; (n) joy, peace,
indigenous, aboriginal, primeval, gown content, balm, ecstasy
primordial, early; (n) archetype. overcome: (v) crush, subdue, beat, painful: (adj) hard, difficult, sharp,
ANTONYMS: (adj) hackneyed, vanquish, overpower, master, harrowing, grievous, afflictive, bad,
derivative, copied, banal, corny, defeat, hurdle, get over, overwhelm; irritating; (adj, v) distressing, harsh,
resulting; (n) counterfeit, imitation, (adj) beaten. ANTONYMS: (v) fail, bitter. ANTONYMS: (adj) content,
replica, fake, copy lose, comfort, protect, resist, heartwarming, soothing,
orthodox: (adj) canonical, surrender, capitulate; (adj) comfortable, bearable, agreeable,
conventional, sound, accepted, unimpressed effortless, dull, slight, wonderful,
faithful, conservative, customary, overjoyed: (adj) jubilant, joyful, happy
devout, legitimate, standard, happy, elated, ecstatic, transported, painfully: (adv) sorely, grievously,
regular. ANTONYMS: (adj) exultant, pleased, enchanted, proud, distressingly, severely, tenderly,
unorthodox, unusual, disloyal, new, gleeful. ANTONYMS: (adj) badly, agonizingly, laboriously,
rebellious, original heartbroken, disappointed, sadly, bitterly, poignantly.
otherwise: (adv) besides, differently, depressed, down, dejected, ANTONYMS: (adv) easily, tolerably
or else, yet, alias, nevertheless, on miserable, unhappy, desolate painted: (adj) colored, dyed,
the other hand, in addition; (adj, overlooked: (adj) ignored, neglected, coloured, motley, stained, tinted,
adv) other; (n) or; (adj) different unobserved, unnoted, unmarked variegated, particoloured,
ought: (n, v) need; (v) had better, overtake: (v) catch, attain, catch up delineated, graphic; (v) depaint.
should, have, possessed, owned, with, exceed, overpower, overcome, ANTONYM: (adj) unpainted
owed, behoove; (n) aught, zero, go by, gain, devastate, outstrip, beat paints: (n) colors
duty overwhelm: (v) overpower, defeat, pair: (n, v) match; (adj, n) brace; (n)
ourselves: (pron) myself, herself, inundate, flood, overthrow, drown, duet, duo, dyad; (v) join, mate, link,
itself, oneself, themselves, yourself; deluge, crush, engulf, astound, copulate, equate, marry
(n) me, yourselves, usself overturn. ANTONYMS: (v) palace: (n) castle, mansion, hall,
outburst: (n) explosion, spurt, encourage, amplify, capitulate, alcazar, chateau, palazzo, house,
palaces, regime, fortress, serai part, constituently, in part, sidely, uncomplaining, tolerant, stoical,
pale: (adj) faint, wan, dull, weak, moderately, halfway, incompletely, lenient, meek, persistent.
light, bloodless, pallid; (adj, v) dim; relatively. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) intolerant,
(n) boundary, confine; (v) blanch. completely, wholly, entirely; (adj) annoyed, eager, harsh
ANTONYMS: (adj) strong, rosy, fully patriotism: (n) nationalism,
brown, well, glowing, vivid, parts: (n) faculty, nous, quick parts, nationality, love of country,
healthy, clear, colorful; (v) redden, sagacity, wit, surroundings; (adj) chauvinism, jingoism, loyalty,
darken ingenuity, cleverness, capacity, turn, public spirit, xenophobia,
paltry: (adj, n) mean; (adj) talents Americanism, national character,
contemptible, measly, trifling, abject, pass: (adj, n, v) run; (v) flow, give, civism. ANTONYM: (n) disloyalty
insignificant, inconsiderable, puny, deliver, lead, happen, overtake, patronising: (adj) patronizing,
little, trivial, low. ANTONYMS: proceed; (adj, v) move; (n, v) offer, condescending, arch, superior
(adj) generous, substantial, plentiful, live. ANTONYMS: (v) reject, make, pattern: (n) design, fashion, figure,
enormous, important, profound take, veto; (n) failing, rejection, norm, example, paragon; (n, v)
pane: (n) window pane, paneling, exclusion mold, shape, form, order; (v) mould
pane of glass, panelling, passage: (n, v) course, journey; (n) pause: (n, v) halt, interruption,
windowpane, window-pane, board, gangway, corridor, hall, channel, adjournment, delay, respite, stop;
square, sheet of glass, leaf, box entry, way, entrance, lobby, duct. (adj, n, v) rest; (n) intermission, gap;
pang: (n) pain, torture, ache, agony, ANTONYMS: (n) rejection, room (adj, v) discontinue; (v) hesitate.
twinge, affliction, sting, stab, passed: (adj) accepted, approved, ANTONYMS: (n) decisiveness,
distress, ailment, cramp legal, gone continuation, start; (v) proceed
pangs: (n) anguish, compunction, passing: (adj) transient, ephemeral, pavement: (n) walk, paving, path,
contrition, distress momentary, cursory, brief; (n) pathway, road surface, pave,
panic-stricken: (adj) afraid, hysterical overtaking, departure, expiration, sidewalk, floor, curbside, trottoir,
papa: (n) father, pa, daddy, Dada, decease, passage, death. earth
sire, pappa, pop, old man, ANTONYMS: (adj) lasting, paying: (adj, v) profitable; (adj) paid,
paterfamilias, cardinal, high priest thorough, intended, lengthy, long; lucrative, salaried, stipendiary,
paper: (n) article, newspaper, (n) birth, failing good, beneficial; (v) advantageous,
discourse, newsprint, publication, passion: (n) affection, fire, fervor, remunerative; (n) payment,
journal, essay, periodical, report, love, feeling, anger, enthusiasm, defrayment
magazine, certificate heat, craving, desire; (n, v) ardor. peace: (adj, n) calm, quiet; (n)
paralysis: (n) anaesthesia, numbness, ANTONYMS: (n) apathy, hate, harmony, hush, repose, ease, amity,
apoplexy, akinesia, alalia, serenity, meekness, hatred, doubt, agreement, rest, pacification, order.
paralyzation, disability; (adj) dislike, calmness, moderation ANTONYMS: (n) noise, chaos,
consumption, decline, syncope, passionate: (adj, v) ardent, conflict, uproar, commotion,
sideration impetuous; (adj) hot, excited, agitation, war, distress, suffering,
pardon: (v) excuse, condone, forgive, burning, angry, fervent, fierce, disruption, turbulence
acquit, spare; (n) amnesty, animated, earnest; (adj, adv) fiery. peaceful: (adj) peaceable, quiet,
forgiveness, grace; (adj, v) justify, ANTONYMS: (adj) indifferent, mild, gentle, even, silent, meek, peace,
exonerate, exculpate. ANTONYMS: passionless, unenthusiastic, cold, staid, placid, tranquil,
(n, v) blame; (v) punish, castigate, calm, halfhearted, cool, lukewarm, imperturbable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
condemn, convict; (n) intolerance weak, uninterested aggressive, tense, noisy, turbulent,
parenthesis: (n) brackets, bracket, passionately: (adv) fervently, disturbed, hostile, disruptive,
digression, interlude, episode, vehemently, violently, fiercely, bothered, warlike, unpeaceful,
anastrophe, metastasis, hyperbaton, eagerly, zealously, fervidly, fierily, compulsory
hypallage, excursus, anastrophy enthusiastically, heatedly, stormily. peasant: (n) farmer, churl, bucolic,
paris: (n) genus Paris, French capital, ANTONYMS: (adv) mildly, countryman, clown, cottar, cotter,
City of Light, capital of France apathetically, calmly, halfheartedly, hind, provincial, rustic, muzjik
paroxysm: (adj, n) fit, burst; (n) impassively, jokingly, gently peculiar: (adj) particular, odd,
convulsion, outburst, explosion, path: (n, v) course, passage, line; (n) exceptional, different, extraordinary,
attack, seizure, spasm, gust, agony; way, direction, highway, orbit, curious, eccentric, characteristic,
(adj) breaking out track, lane, means, walk. anomalous, abnormal, distinctive.
parted: (adj) divided, separate, ANTONYM: (n) room ANTONYMS: (adj) normal, typical,
distributed, separated, divisible, patience: (n) endurance, fortitude, common, universal, explicable,
disunited, compounder, compound, longanimity, equanimity, tolerance, conventional
dividable resignation, restraint, composure, pedant: (n) doctrinaire, scholastic,
partition: (n) wall, bulkhead, divider, sufferance; (n, v) moderation, bookworm, purist, pettifogger,
distribution, separation, screen; (n, calmness. ANTONYMS: (n) precisian, prig, martinet, stickler,
v) part, split; (v) divide, apportion, impatience, eagerness, intolerance, mannerist, intellectual. ANTONYM:
deal. ANTONYMS: (v) join, reveal; annoyance (n) dilettante
(n) union patient: (adj) forbearing, passive, peeping: (n) cheeping, tweeting,
partly: (adj) half, semi, quasi; (adv) calm, enduring, resigned, chirping; (adj) inquisitive
penal: (adj, n) punitive, corrective; consent, license, permit, authority, common, orthodox, formal,
(adj) punishable, castigatory, leave, licence, liberty, approval, impersonal, outermost, external,
punitory, illegal, disciplinary, sanction, assent. ANTONYMS: (n) typical
penalizing refusal, ban, veto, intolerance, personality: (n) person, nature,
penitence: (n) penance, compunction, exclusion identity, celebrity, character,
regret, contrition, remorse, rue, perpendicularly: (adv) uprightly, temperament, disposition,
sorrow, atonement, grief, expiation, erectly, straightly, upright, characteristic, essence,
contriteness orthogonally, sheerly, precipitously, individualism, public figure.
penitent: (adj) contrite, apologetic, normally, plumb; (adv, v) sheer; ANTONYM: (n) nobody
sorry, remorseful, regretful, guilty, (adj, adv) directly personally: (adv) privately, in
sorrowful, rueful, penitential; (n) perpetual: (adj) incessant, continual, person, intimately, directly,
flagellant, religionist. ANTONYMS: constant, endless, eternal, specially, confidentially, secretly,
(adj) unrepentant, impenitent, everlasting, lasting, ceaseless, self, oneself, subjectively,
unashamed, unremorseful immortal, continuous, perennial. particularly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
penny: (n) change, coin, centime, ANTONYMS: (adj) temporary, impersonally, indirectly, objectively,
copper, groat, subunit, money, mite, intermittent, transitory, mortal, collectively, distantly, generally,
doit, small change, denomination unstable, finite, inconstant, universally
perception: (n) conception, notion, occasional, sporadic persons: (n) folk, public, society,
idea, impression, feeling, perplexity: (n) confusion, dilemma, world
discernment, insight, bewilderment, maze, labyrinth, perspiration: (n) diaphoresis,
comprehension, taste, sensation, embarrassment, quandary, hidrosis, sudor, sweating,
penetration. ANTONYMS: (n) complication, enigma; (adj, n) extravasation, secretion, exertion,
unconsciousness, foolishness, difficulty, distress. ANTONYM: (n) exudation, effort, lather, water
dullness, clumsiness understanding perspiring: (adj) sweaty, sweating,
perfect: (adj, n, v) consummate, persecute: (v) molest, chase, badger, wet, warm, activity, sudatory,
complete; (adj, n) absolute, full, harry, follow, plague, bait, afflict, perspirable, emitting perspiration,
entire; (adj) exact, utter, thorough, beset; (adj, v) oppress; (adj) body process, bodily process, bodily
faultless, integral, exquisite. aggrieve. ANTONYMS: (v) comfort, function
ANTONYMS: (adj) flawed, faulty, support persuade: (v) convince, coax, assure,
wrong, inferior, misshapen, perseverance: (n) endurance, allure, entice, influence, induce,
incorrect, defective, used, everyday, tenacity, resolution, constancy, cajole, argue, exhort, lure.
unhappy, partial fortitude, assiduity, industry, ANTONYMS: (v) discourage,
perfectly: (adj, adv) entirely; (adv) doggedness, firmness, persistence, dissuade, deter, restrain, force
fully, thoroughly, consummately, determination. ANTONYMS: (n) persuaded: (adj) sure, satisfied, easily
utterly, flawlessly, absolutely, vacillation, cowardice, indecision, affected, impressible, positive,
purely, totally, faultlessly, wholly. indifference delicate, sensible, intelligent, certain,
ANTONYMS: (adv) badly, persistent: (adj) lasting, obstinate, in no doubt, definite. ANTONYMS:
imperfectly, incorrectly, wrong, constant, continual, insistent, (adj) unsure, uncertain
inaccurately, partially, partly, permanent, continuous, incessant, pert: (adj) impertinent, bold,
poorly, unpleasantly, wrongly unrelenting, stubborn, chronic. impudent, insolent, forward, fresh,
peril: (n, v) hazard, risk, endanger, ANTONYMS: (adj) contained, brazen, saucy, malapert, irreverent,
menace, adventure; (n) danger, irresolute, temporary, gentle, cheeky. ANTONYM: (adj) listless
jeopardy, chance; (v) imperil, intermittent, compliant, caducous, perturbation: (n) commotion,
expose, compromise. ANTONYM: fickle, fleeting, feeble, inconsistent agitation, fuss, emotion, excitement,
(n) security persistently: (adv) stubbornly, confusion, dislocation,
perish: (v) expire, pass away, constantly, continually, firmly, discomposure, interruption; (adj, n,
decease, go, fade, decay, depart, fall, tenaciously, unremittingly, v) trepidation; (adj, n) flutter
pass, ruin, annihilate. ANTONYMS: continuously, incessantly, perverse: (adj) fractious, obstinate,
(v) survive, live, appear insistently, doggedly, obdurate, bad, corrupt, headstrong,
perished: (adj) decayed, emperished, pertinaciously. ANTONYMS: (adv) disobedient, intractable, willful,
rotting, annihilated, fallen, lost, sporadically, acutely, aimlessly, sinister, wayward. ANTONYMS:
moldy, nonexistent, putrefied, dead, inconsistently, spasmodically, (adj) wholesome, obliging,
decomposed halfheartedly agreeable, accommodating,
permanent: (adj, v) lasting, fixed, personage: (n) person, notable, malleable, good
fast, constant, continuous; (adj) celebrity, personality, individual, perversity: (n) perverseness,
everlasting, eternal, perennial, bigwig, figure, somebody, human, cussedness, evil, perversion,
invariable, enduring, immutable. character, being willfulness, unruliness, corruption,
ANTONYMS: (adj) fleeting, personal: (adj) own, particular, wilfulness, depravity; (adj)
temporary, transitory, provisional, human, intimate, peculiar, private, contumacy, spinosity
impermanent, brief, superficial, direct, proper, subjective, physical; pettiness: (n) insignificance,
fragile, freelance, ephemeral, mobile (n) person. ANTONYMS: (adj) slightness, triviality, parsimony,
permission: (n, v) allowance; (n) public, general, detached, collective, littleness, tightness, tightfistedness,
narrowness, stinginess, frivolity, little by little, in stages, partially, confused, fussy, obscure, patterned
niggardliness. ANTONYMS: (n) step by step, slowly; (adj) gradual, plainly: (adv) evidently, manifestly,
nobility, importance, maturity, fragmentary, stepwise, in small clearly, distinctly, openly, obviously,
generosity stages patently, overtly, definitely; (adj,
petulant: (adj) irritable, peevish, pieces: (n) debris, trash adv) frankly, honestly.
cross, testy, irascible, cranky, piles: (adj, n) hemorrhoids, heaps, ANTONYMS: (adv) imperceptibly,
fractious, fretful, pettish, touchy, lots, loads, plenty; (n) hemorrhoid, vaguely, obscurely, figuratively,
choleric. ANTONYMS: (adj) stacks, haemorrhoid, tons; (adj) unclearly, politely, incoherently,
easygoing, amiable, calm, affable, heartburn, hernia implicitly, finely, ambiguously,
cheerful pillow: (v) rest, breathe, lie, not covertly
phantom: (n, v) apparition, move; (adj) wadding; (n) throw plan: (n, v) aim, map, figure, scheme,
phantasm, vision, phantasma; (n) pillow, Wanger, bed pillow, feather outline, plot; (n) intent, pattern,
spectre, specter, appearance, shade, bed, long pillow, padding chart; (v) intend, devise.
shadow, wraith, spirit pimply: (adj) pimpled, acned, spotty, ANTONYM: (v) improvise
phase: (n) stage, facet, chapter, grade, pustulate. ANTONYM: (adj) smooth plate: (v) gild, cover, coat; (n, v)
circumstance, condition, degree, pins: (v) feet, legs, pegs, trotters sheet, dish, leaf; (n) home plate,
form, period, level, leg piquancy: (n) pungency, zest, tang, home, engraving, lamella, disc
phenomenally: (adv) extraordinarily, flavour, spice, nip, taste, galvanism, player: (n) musician, participant,
singularly, amazingly, remarkably, flavor, bite; (adj) antithesis actor, contestant, performer,
wonderfully, unusually, pistol: (n) firearm, gun, gat, revolver, instrumentalist, histrion, thespian,
prodigiously, astoundingly, rod, Captain Bobadil, derringer, actress, artiste, competitor.
astonishingly, rarely, fantasticly spray gun, shooter, drawcansir, ANTONYM: (n) spectator
phrase: (v) formulate, couch, put, Thraso playful: (adj) frisky, humorous,
articulate; (n) expression, idiom, pitch: (n, v) fling, cast, degree, dip, kittenish, mischievous, skittish,
diction, speech, passage, locution; tilt, lurch, toss, throw, slant; (v) impish, naughty, merry,
(n, v) word chuck, hurl lighthearted, frivolous, frolicsome.
physical: (adj) bodily, actual, pitched: (adj) oblique, thrown, ANTONYMS: (adj) serious,
tangible, corporeal, carnal, concrete, slanting, at an angle, leaning; (v) lethargic, solemn, staid, subdued,
real, corporal, animal, palpable; fixed, pight, determined. heavy
(adv) fleshly. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYM: (adj) level playfulness: (n) mischief,
spiritual, mental, intangible, pitiful: (adj, n) abject; (adj) pathetic, impertinence, gaiety, archness,
cerebral, intellectual, mystical, lamentable, piteous, contemptible, friskiness, pertness, merriment,
gentle, unfit, insubstantial, refined, miserable, distressing, mean, humor, impishness; (n, v) play,
ethereal wretched, poor, sad. ANTONYMS: sport. ANTONYM: (n) seriousness
piano: (adj) soft, gentle, indulgent, (adj) generous, heartwarming, playing: (n) personation, pitching,
lax; (n) grand piano, pianissimo, admirable, cheerful, fine, happy, performing, hamming, golfing,
softness, upright piano, mechanical impressive byplay, enactment, bowling,
piano; (adv) quietly, gently pitilessly: (adv) remorselessly, playacting, portrayal; (adj) playful
picked: (adj) select, chosen, best, ruthlessly, unmercifully, pleasant: (adj) jolly, amiable,
recherche, rare, priceless, preferred, unfeelingly, heartlessly, harshly, agreeable, acceptable, nice,
pointed, elected, named; (v) choose cruelly, unsympathetically, brutally, charming, kindly, facetious, joyful,
picture: (v) describe, draw, imagine, relentlessly, unkindly. pretty; (adj, v) pleasing.
depict; (n, v) photograph, paint, ANTONYMS: (adv) mercifully, ANTONYMS: (adj) disgusting,
fancy; (n) effigy, drawing, likeness, sensitively, sympathetically horrible, repugnant, nasty,
depiction pity: (n, v) compassion, ruth; (n) gruesome, unwelcome, harsh,
pictured: (adj) envisioned, portrayed, mercy, commiseration, condolence, shocking, disagreeable, foul, terrible
graphic, delineate, delineated, sympathy, clemency, remorse; (v) please: (v) delight, charm, amuse,
impictured, unreal, visualised, sympathize, compassionate, feel entertain, oblige, enchant, enrapture;
visualized, impressed sorry for. ANTONYMS: (n) blame, (adj, v) gratify, enjoy, like; (adj) glad.
pictures: (n) cinema, movie, movie cruelty, indifference, harshness, joy ANTONYMS: (v) displease, annoy,
theater, footage, motion picture, plague: (v) molest, harass, afflict, irritate, anger, distress, sicken,
movie house hassle, annoy, badger, pester, disappoint, dissatisfy, sadden, repel,
piebald: (adj, v) pied; (adj) motley, disturb, beleaguer; (n, v) worry; (adj, appall
dappled, mottled, spotted, n, v) bother. ANTONYM: (v) pleased: (adj) contented, glad,
multicolor, brindled, multicoloured, comfort delighted, content, joyful, thankful,
particoloured, variegated, speckled plain: (adj) ordinary, gratified, appreciative, overjoyed,
piece: (n) fragment, division, part, comprehensible, intelligible, cheerful; (adj, v) elated.
article, lump, hunk, composition, apparent, manifest, obvious, clear, ANTONYMS: (adj) unhappy,
component, opus; (n, v) patch, simple; (adj, n) flat, homely, humble. annoyed, angry, worried, ashamed,
portion. ANTONYMS: (n) whole, ANTONYMS: (adj) elaborate, disappointed, frustrated, sad,
chunk; (v) disassemble unclear, multicolored, mottled, unsatisfied, ungrateful,
piecemeal: (adv) bit by bit, gradually, ornate, concealed, attractive, uncomplimentary
pleasing: (adj, n) acceptable; (adj) rudeness, incivility, neglect station; (n) office, function, pillar,
amiable, lovable, amusing, poor: (adj) bad, miserable, piteous, attitude; (v) locate, enter, lay
attractive, gratifying, lovely, destitute, pitiful, insufficient, posting: (n) post, placard, poster,
pleasant, charming, delightful, penniless, pathetic; (adj, v) meager; entry, notice, position, transmittal,
inviting. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj, n) paltry, mean. ANTONYMS: transmission, transmitting, job,
unpleasant, unwelcome, infuriating, (adj) wealthy, excellent, privileged, place
disappointing, straight, hurtful, admirable, good, adequate, pounce: (n) talon; (v) leap, bound,
maddening, displeasing, discordant, satisfactory, outstanding, favorable, dive, descend, swoop, stoop, charge,
harsh, frustrating dignified, comfortable attack, seize; (n, v) jump
pleasure: (n) fun, enjoyment, pope: (n) Holy Father, priest, Vicar of pour: (v) gush, shed, decant, scatter,
delectation, joy, comfort, happiness, Christ, cardinal, high priest, ruffe, stream, flow, pelt, discharge, teem,
mirth, inclination; (n, v) papa, Gregory; (adj) church, gospel, infuse; (n, v) overflow.
contentment, content; (adj, n, v) Gregorian ANTONYMS: (v) drizzle, trickle
gratification. ANTONYMS: (n) porter: (n) doorkeeper, carrier, pouring: (adj) gushing, teeming,
irritation, nuisance, boredom, ache, gatekeeper, doorman, caretaker, flowing profusely, burbling, burbly;
displeasure, dissatisfaction, misery, ostiary, commissionaire, redcap, (n) casting, affusion, downpour,
pain, sadness, worry, anguish labourer, conveyer, concierge effusion, tapping, baptism.
plentiful: (adj) opulent, bountiful, positive: (adj, v) absolute, sure; (adj, ANTONYM: (adj) light
ample, luxuriant, liberal, copious, n) actual; (adj) affirmative, poverty: (n, v) lack, destitution,
fruitful, full, abundant, rich, plenty. confident, direct, incontrovertible, penury, need, indigence, want; (adj,
ANTONYMS: (adj) scanty, meager, peremptory, plus, explicit, definite. n) distress; (n) pauperism,
sparse, lacking, insufficient, few, ANTONYMS: (adj) uncertain, impoverishment, squalor,
infertile derogatory, unsure, pessimistic, sad, deprivation. ANTONYMS: (n)
plump: (adj) chubby, corpulent, downbeat, destructive, neutral, wealth, riches, affluence, smartness,
stout, round, obese, overweight, disheartened, uncomplimentary, luxury, prosperity, fertility, surplus
gross, buxom, pudgy; (adj, n) fleshy; useless powder: (n, v) dust; (v) grind, crush,
(v) fatten. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, positively: (adv) absolutely, pound, comminute, pulverize,
emaciated, skinny, slim, slender definitely, decidedly, unequivocally, sprinkle, pulverise; (n) gunpowder,
plunge: (n, v) drop, dive, fall, jump; expressly, emphatically, pollen, explosive
(v) douse, duck, submerge, crash, categorically, clearly, confidently; powdered: (adj) powdery, fine,
dunk, plummet; (adj, v) immerse. (adv, int) surely; (adj, adv) really. crushed, milled, ground, broken up,
ANTONYMS: (n, v) rise; (v) hesitate; ANTONYMS: (adv) disapprovingly, finer, minced, pulverised; (n)
(n) improvement pessimistically, uncertainly, punctated, milk
poems: (n) metrical composition, doubtfully, inauspiciously, ill powerful: (adj) potent, muscular,
verse, poesy positiveness: (n) assertiveness, strong, hard, able, brawny,
poet: (n) singer, songster, elegist, assurance, security, confidence, vigorous, energetic, intense; (adj,
author, Gilbert, maker, lyricist, positivism, absolute power, adv) mighty; (adj, prep) forcible.
muse, versifier; (adj) poet laureate, absoluteness, roundness, ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, mild,
Shakespearean definiteness, trust, boldness unimportant, calm, faint, frail,
points: (n) turnout, handicap, possessed: (adj) mad, obsessed, gentle, ineffective, modest,
interest, percentage, brownie points, frantic, hysterical, furious, fanatical, insignificant, lightweight
commendation, credit, eight points, infatuated, insane; (v) ought, owed, practical: (adj) practicable, realistic,
share, terms behoove. ANTONYM: (adj) pragmatic, functional, feasible,
polished: (adj) glossy, cultured, uninterested efficient, helpful, active, expedient,
finished, refined, smooth, lustrous, possession: (n) occupation, useful, handy. ANTONYMS: (adj)
genteel, courtly; (adj, v) courteous, ownership, keeping, goods, impractical, theoretical, unrealistic,
civil, polite. ANTONYMS: (adj) substance, tenure, property, grasp, useless, impossible, passive,
rough, coarse, shoddy, unpolished, estate, domain; (n, v) acquisition. idealistic, impracticable,
amateur, awkward, unsophisticated ANTONYMS: (n) vacancy, sale unimaginative, unprofessional,
politely: (adv) kindly, civilly, possibility: (n) opportunity, chance, destructive
respectfully, properly, graciously, likelihood, opening, probability, praiseworthy: (adj, v) laudable; (adj)
urbanely, elegantly, gallantly, expectancy, potential, eventuality, admirable, meritorious, worthy,
genteelly, refinedly, considerately. occasion, odds, prospect. creditable, good, deserving,
ANTONYMS: (adv) rudely, ANTONYM: (n) impossibility honorable, applaudable, exemplary;
brusquely, discourteously, possibly: (adv) probably, perhaps, (adj, n) excellent. ANTONYMS: (adj)
disrespectfully, uncooperatively, peradventure, likely, perchance, blameworthy, disgraceful,
disagreeably may, might, or, mayhap, despicable, dishonorable, poor,
politeness: (n) civility, courteousness, conceivably, potentially. unworthy
courtliness, manners, decorum, ANTONYMS: (adv) impossibly, pranks: (n) trouble
gentility, good manners, niceness, definitely, certainly, indeed, pray: (v) beg, implore, entreat, crave,
refinement, gallantry, decency. implausibly invite, plead, beseech, appeal,
ANTONYMS: (n) vulgarity, post: (n, v) place, position, stake, importune, adjure, invoke.
ANTONYM: (v) reject primed, competent, inclined, prevent: (n, v) hinder, bar; (v)
preaching: (n) sermon, lecture, efficient. ANTONYMS: (adj) anticipate, block, forbid, avert,
homily, preachment, baccalaureate, spontaneous, unarmed, reluctant, avoid, preclude, arrest, hamper,
speech, pulpit, exhortation, unwilling obviate. ANTONYMS: (v) allow,
kerygma; (v) preach; (adj) hence preparing: (n) preparation, permit, promote, advance, attract,
precautions: (n) protection, defense, manufacturing; (v) brewing, cause, let, drive, help, support,
safety net prepare; (adj) preliminary, include
precious: (adj, n) beloved; (adj) forthcoming, coming previous: (adj) past, anterior,
valuable, costly, cherished, presence: (n) front, manner, mien, preceding, antecedent, prior, back,
invaluable, expensive, golden, bearing, carriage, figure, air, foregoing, earlier, bygone; (adv)
choice, inestimable, exquisite; (n) comportment, demeanor, company; before; (adj, adv) early.
darling. ANTONYMS: (adj) cheap, (n, v) attendance. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) subsequent,
hated, shabby absence, nonattendance following, current, next, future,
precise: (adj, v) accurate, careful, present: (adj, n, v) gift, grant; (n, v) later, present
close; (adj) correct, definite, minute, donation, display; (adj, v) confer, price: (v) appraise, assess; (adj, n)
particular, delicate, neat, certain, bestow; (v) introduce, give, prefer, worth, merit; (n) cost, charge,
clear. ANTONYMS: (adj) imprecise, offer, perform. ANTONYMS: (v) expense, figure, fee; (n, v) estimate,
inaccurate, vague, rough, careless, withdraw, withhold, consume, take; amount
rushed, approximate, clumsy, (adj) missing, lost, dated, historical; priceless: (adj) invaluable, rare,
unscientific, wrong, slapdash (adj, n) past, future; (n) history inestimable, incalculable, costly,
precisely: (adv) accurately, correctly, presently: (adv) instantly, directly, beyond price, valuable, picked, best,
strictly, truly, specifically, currently, before long, shortly, soon, choice, elect. ANTONYMS: (adj)
meticulously, minutely, literally, now, at present, readily, just, worthless, cheap
scrupulously, rigorously; (adj, adv) actually. ANTONYMS: (adv) later, pride: (n) arrogance, conceit, egotism,
just. ANTONYMS: (adv) clumsily, now, formerly vanity, lordliness, assumption,
indistinctly, approximately, preserve: (v) maintain, keep, save, insolence, disdain, hauteur; (n, v)
inaccurately, imprecisely, wrongly, guard, hold, defend, uphold, keep boast; (v) plume. ANTONYMS: (n)
randomly, carelessly, poorly, wrong, up; (n) jam, jelly, conserves. modesty, sorrow, dregs, disgrace,
haphazardly ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, shame, baseness
predestined: (adj) fated, discontinue, damage, lose, attack, primary: (adj) basic, original,
foreordained, certain, predestinate, endanger, use, end foremost, elementary, major, first,
intended, fatal, predetermined, preserves: (n) conserve, jam, preliminary, fundamental; (adj, n)
ordained, meant, doomed, designed chowchow, conserves, jelly, paramount, main, essential.
predilection: (n) penchant, marmalade, canned food, confiture, ANTONYMS: (adj) last, minor,
preference, partiality, inclination, European federation of importers of subordinate, advanced, special,
bent, weakness, predisposition, dried fruit, preserved food, apple subsequent, worst
liking, fondness, bias, taste. butter prince: (n) lord, potentate, sovereign,
ANTONYMS: (n) indifference, pressed: (adj) compact, urgent, duke, king, chief, maharaja,
horror printed, pressing, press, stamped, maharajah, ruler, magnate,
pre-eminently: (adv) principally, pushed, impelled, incited, bound, archduke
eminently driven princess: (n) queen, duchess, begum,
preface: (n, v) prelude, preamble, pretend: (adv, v) assume; (adj, v) czarina, maharani, monarch,
proem; (n) beginning, introduction, sham, counterfeit, fake, play; (v) archduchess, lady, patrician,
preliminary, exordium, overture; (v) dissimulate, dissemble, make maharanee, mopsey
introduce, precede, premise. believe, imagine, affect, act. principle: (n) rule, method,
ANTONYMS: (n) addendum, ANTONYMS: (adj, v) real; (adj) fundamental, cause, doctrine,
conclusion, postscript genuine, natural, sincere ground, precept, reason, law,
preference: (n) predilection, option, pretended: (adj, v) sham, mock, essence, tenet. ANTONYM: (n)
liking, choice, election, preferment, counterfeit, pseudo, spurious; (adj) baseness
precedence, penchant, fondness, assumed, fake, feigned, fictitious, print: (n, v) mark, impress,
partiality, alternative. ANTONYMS: bogus, affected photograph; (n) impression,
(n) indifference, coercion, antipathy pretending: (n, v) pretense; (n) engraving, printing, picture,
preferred: (adj) favorite, chosen, pet, affectation, appearance, acting, lettering, copy; (v) issue, engrave
select, favourite, selected, choice, pretence, mannerism, dissembling, printed: (adj) written, imprinted,
preferable, singled out, favoured, pretension, deception, deceit; (adv) stamped, pressed, embossed, on
golden pretendingly paper
preparation: (n) concoction, pretty: (adj) fair, graceful, lovely, prison: (n) calaboose, confinement,
provision, training, readiness, handsome, attractive, charming, lockup, penitentiary, jug, chokey,
practice, homework, formulation, good-looking, picturesque, dainty; college, prison house, limbo,
planning, prep, instruction, drill (n) nice; (adv) very. ANTONYMS: confine, custody
prepared: (adj) willing, disposed, (adj) plain, unattractive, modern, privacy: (n) secrecy, confidentiality,
fitted, fain, finished, ready, ripe, inelegant; (adv) extremely darkness, retreat, privateness,
concealment, loneliness, shelter, prolonged: (adj) lengthy, chronic, level, fatigue; (v) fell, overwhelm,
solitude, retirement, isolation. extended, elongated, lengthened, overcome, floor, overthrow; (adj)
ANTONYM: (n) company continuous, continued, expanded, deject, knock down. ANTONYM:
private: (adj) clandestine, personal, sustained; (adj, v) protracted, (adj) upright
secret, individual, hidden, inner, lingering. ANTONYMS: (adj) quick, protest: (n) demonstration, objection,
exclusive, intimate, esoteric; (adj, v) short, temporary complaint, challenge, question; (v)
covert, close. ANTONYMS: (adj) promotion: (n) advancement, assert, object, complain,
official, nationalized, community, advance, advertising, boost, hype, remonstrate, demur; (n, v) moan.
communal, shared, civic, state, open, encouragement, preferment, ANTONYMS: (n, v) support, praise;
external, commercial, collective progress, cultivation, advertisement, (n) approval, acceptance; (v)
privately: (adv) covertly, privily, exaltation. ANTONYMS: (n) neglect, approve, agree
confidentially, personally, closely, downgrade, relegation, hindrance protesting: (adj) disinclined,
stealthily, secludedly, domestically, promptitude: (n) expedition, speed, opposed; (n) clamor
informally, retiredly; (adj, adv) readiness, promptness, velocity, proud: (adj) lofty, disdainful,
quietly. ANTONYMS: (adv) haste, agility, rapidity, celerity, haughty, exalted, egotistical, gallant,
publicly, officially hurry, dispatch pompous, lordly, majestic,
privilege: (n) liberty, prerogative, promptly: (adv) instantly, readily, overbearing; (adj, v) dignified.
immunity, freedom, grant, franchise, quickly, directly, rapidly, swiftly, ANTONYMS: (adj) humble, modest,
exemption, concession, claim; (n, v) speedily, forthwith, punctually, ashamed, embarrassed, sorrowful,
license, permit. ANTONYM: (n) now, at once. ANTONYMS: (adv) disappointed, miserable
insult slowly, late, eventually prove: (v) attest, manifest, evidence,
procedure: (n) process, practice, prone: (adj) liable, apt, inclined, establish, show, examine, verify,
modus operandi, formula, routine, disposed, subject, flat, predisposed, essay, check, corroborate; (adj, v)
fashion, method, approach, custom, likely, prostrate, procumbent, confirm. ANTONYMS: (v) refute,
rule, action susceptible. ANTONYMS: (adj) undermine
proceed: (v) move, advance, upright, immune, resistant, proved: (adj) tried, established,
originate, ensue, flow, issue, arise, unwilling, impervious, disinclined tested, qualified, genuine,
emanate; (adj, v) pass, run, extend. pronounced: (adj) clear, emphatic, demonstrable, apparent, confirmed,
ANTONYMS: (v) discontinue, distinct, prominent, notable, reliable, faithful
recede, regress, return, retreat obvious, salient, evident, definite, provided: (adv) in case, provided
proclaimed: (adj) announced, bold, palpable. ANTONYMS: (adj) always; (conj) if; (n) conditionally, as
indictive, declared publicly faint, inconspicuous, indefinite, if, quasi; (adj) fitted, instructed,
prod: (n, v) poke, jab, push, drive, loose, slight, small enlightened, arranged; (v) foreseen
thrust, stab, spur, shove; (v) impel, proper: (adj) due, decent, modest, providence: (n) forethought, fortune,
nudge, incite. ANTONYMS: (v) agreeable, fitting, legitimate, right; fate, discretion, God, destiny, care,
discourage, calm (adj, v) correct, fit, becoming; (adj, n) economy, caution, precaution,
product: (n) output, fruit, just. ANTONYMS: (adj) chance. ANTONYM: (n)
merchandise, outgrowth, crop, inappropriate, wrong, unseemly, improvidence
article, consequence, composition, rude, unconventional, unsuitable, province: (n, v) district, department;
commodity; (n, v) produce, false, relaxed, vulgar, unreasonable, (n) field, county, land, region,
proceeds. ANTONYM: (n) cause undue domain, colony, duty, sphere, line
profitable: (adj) helpful, beneficial, propped: (adj) fulcrate provincial: (adj) country, insular,
fruitful, advantageous, good, prosaic: (adj) commonplace, dull, parochial, unsophisticated,
lucrative, useful, gainful, desirable, monotonous, pedestrian, prosy, countrified, rural, narrow; (n)
fat, valuable. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary, uninteresting, trite, boring, bucolic, peasant, churl; (adj, n)
dependent, disadvantageous, humdrum, everyday. ANTONYMS: rustic. ANTONYMS: (adj)
unhelpful, fruitless (adj) idealistic, imaginative, metropolitan, broadminded, central,
profound: (adj) abstruse, intense, sensitive, inspired, exciting, national
heavy, important, sound, inspiring, interesting, original, proving: (adj) furnishing evidence,
bottomless, grave, obscure, utter, romantic asserting, evidential, evidentiary; (n)
abysmal; (adj, v) solid. prose: (n) style, writing, euphuism, authentication, confirmation,
ANTONYMS: (adj) shallow, trivial, commonplace, prose writer, rap; contest, determination,
lightweight, stupid, simple, mild, (adj) prosaic, maunder, palaver, documentation, finding,
facile, slight, insignificant, prosaic prate, prosy. ANTONYMS: (n) monetisation
progress: (v) proceed, continue, go poetry, verse provocation: (n) challenge,
on; (n) headway, improvement, prosperity: (n) affluence, wealth, aggravation, exasperation,
furtherance, betterment, course, success, flourish, good fortune, incitement, instigation, annoyance,
growth, development; (n, v) gain. fortune, welfare, opulence, excitement, stimulation, affront,
ANTONYMS: (n) decline, abundance, good, prosperousness. incentive, defiance. ANTONYMS:
deterioration, regression, impasse, ANTONYMS: (n) failure, (n) conciliation, arbitration,
decrease, decay; (n, v) retreat; (v) fruitlessness, hardship, insufficiency deterrent, disincentive, pleasure
recede, return, deteriorate, stay prostrate: (adj, v) prone, exhaust, provoked: (adj, prep) exasperated,
inflamed; (adj) irritated, aggravated, whelp, younker, dog, brat, child, quality: (adj, n) character, faculty; (n)
infuriated, indignant, irate, huffy, youngster, frankfurter class, characteristic, condition,
hot, excited; (adv) up in arms. pure: (adj) absolute, natural, faultless, grade, feature, distinction,
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, gratuitous, innocent, immaculate, perfect, good, description, mark, peculiarity.
pleased clean; (adj, n) chaste, genuine; (adj, ANTONYMS: (adj) cheap; (n)
proximity: (n) propinquity, vicinity, v) mere. ANTONYMS: (adj) drawback, inferiority, mediocrity
adjacency, neighborhood, contaminated, dishonored, diluted, quarrel: (adj, n, v) dispute; (n, v)
contiguity, presence, closeness, tainted, wicked, practical, polluted, fight, feud, brawl, row, altercation,
contact, nearby, juxtaposition, flawed, marred, unsaturated, argue, conflict, squabble; (n)
approach. ANTONYM: (n) unchaste dissension, difference.
remoteness purification: (n) defecation, purge, ANTONYMS: (n) agreement,
psychology: (n) psychics, refinement, catharsis, purgation, reconciliation, acceptance, concord,
neuropsychology, behaviourism, purging, refining, cleaning, consensus; (v) agree
associationism, configurationism, cleansing, cleanup, rectification. quarrelling: (adj) at variance, in
behaviorism, functionalism, ANTONYMS: (n) debasement, dispute, in disagreement, in conflict;
psychological science, mentality, dirtying, contamination (n) dissension
physiological psychology, purify: (adj, v) clear, cleanse; (v) quarter: (n) part, district,
physchometrika purge, disinfect, refine, distill, neighbourhood, division, mercy,
publicity: (n) promotion, advertising, sanctify, clarify, depurate, lustrate, neighborhood, region, direction,
propaganda, notoriety, exposure, chasten. ANTONYMS: (v) pollute, portion; (n, v) place; (v) lodge.
buildup, cry, blurb, disclosure, dilute, soil, cloud, desecrate ANTONYM: (v) evict
promotional material, hype purpose: (n, v) plan, intention, quarters: (n) abode, domicile,
publicly: (adv) overtly, publically, in design, project, resolve, purport, lodging, residence, quarter,
public, generally, communally, end, object; (n) mind, effect, motive. diggings, pad, digs, lodgings,
commonly, socially, stately, ANTONYM: (n) weakness accommodation, barracks
vulgarly, plainly, usually. purposed: (adj, v) intended; (adj) queen: (n) king, lady, sovereign,
ANTONYMS: (adv) privately, deliberate, designed, forcible, monarch, dame, pansy, queer,
secretly, informally betrothed, made tense, extended, faggot, princess, fairy, czarina
published: (adj) known, undesigned; (v) free, not accidental, queer: (adj) fantastic, odd, eccentric,
promulgated, public, divulgate voluntary funny, curious, gay, peculiar,
pull: (n, v) draw, drag, pluck, tug, purposely: (adj, adv) designedly, strange, quaint, fishy, outlandish.
wrench, jerk; (v) draught, haul, advisedly, knowingly; (adv) ANTONYMS: (adj) conventional,
attract, pick; (n) attraction. intentionally, on purpose, by design, normal, well
ANTONYMS: (v) repel, shove, consciously, by choice, calculatedly, queerly: (adv) curiously, funnily,
leave; (n) repulsion, repulsiveness explicitly; (adj) wittingly. fishily, strangely, peculiarly,
pulling: (n) pull, drawing, traction, ANTONYM: (adv) unintentionally singularly, comically, fantasticly,
haulage, actuation, clout, pursue: (v) follow, dog, prosecute, fantastically, funny, suspiciously
deracination, draughts, extirpation; hunt, course, tail, stalk, persist, quest: (n) pursuit, investigation,
(adj) attracting, tractive hound, haunt, go after. exploration, chase, research, inquest;
pulp: (n) flesh, pith, puree, cellulose, ANTONYMS: (v) shun, eschew, (n, v) probe, hunt, inquiry,
pap, magazine, bagasse, marrow; (v) avoid, discourage, lead, precede, examination; (v) call for
grind, squash; (adj) taste find questioning: (adj) inquisitive,
punch: (n, v) jab, hit, drill, stab, pursuit: (n) quest, hunt, search, curious, suspicious, quizzical,
thrust, cuff, wallop, beat; (v) prick, persecution, chase, career, interest, doubting; (n) question, inquiry,
perforate; (n) die. ANTONYMS: (n) job, business, performance, query, examination, interrogation,
apathy, lethargy, sluggishness employment enquiry. ANTONYMS: (adj)
punctually: (adv) precisely, exactly, pursuits: (n) diversion, duties illogical, certain, credulous
duly, accurately, correctly, on time, push: (n, v) press, thrust, impel, jolt, quick: (adj) bright, hasty, agile,
regularly, timely, punctiliously, force, jab, nudge, crowd, prod, poke; nimble, intelligent, clever, speedy,
strictly, sharp (v) jostle. ANTONYMS: (v) drag, active, immediate, instant; (adj, v)
punish: (v) amerce, discipline, haul, unpack, inhibit, leave, oppose, prompt. ANTONYMS: (adj)
castigate, chasten, chastise, penalize, prevent, restrain, understate, calm; leisurely, dull, dim, thick,
strike, avenge, pay, beat, execute. (n) apathy unintelligent, thorough, inept,
ANTONYMS: (v) excuse, exonerate, puts: (n) stocks, securities, preferred unobservant, lengthy, long,
pardon, reward, commend stock, common stock, bonds permanent
punishment: (n) correction, penance, putting: (n) placing, putt, botong, quickly: (adv) promptly, rapidly,
chastisement, fine, judgement, swing, puts, miniature golf, golf expeditiously, readily, speedily,
rebuke, retribution, reward, stroke, golf shot, placing into swiftly, suddenly, hastily; (adj, adv)
castigation, execution; (adj, n) standby immediately, shortly; (adv, n)
penalty. ANTONYMS: (n) qualities: (n) character, disposition, instantly. ANTONYMS: (adv)
persuasion, exoneration, reward nature, spirit, tone, quality, role, self, slowly, gradually, permanently,
puppy: (n) pup, cub, youth, doggy, part, traits, individuality later, eventually, thoroughly
quiet: (adj, adv, v) still; (adj, n, v) lull, elevate, promote, foster. exceptionally, specially, sparsely,
hush, pacify, compose, appease, ANTONYMS: (n, v) downgrade; (v) hardly, sporadically; (adj) rare.
assuage; (adj, v) moderate, cool; (adj, lessen, demote, decrease, level, ANTONYMS: (adv) frequently,
adv) gentle, motionless. reduce, dismantle, knock; (n) usually, often, commonly
ANTONYMS: (adj) noisy, talkative, lowering, reduction, descent rarity: (n) rareness, curiosity,
vociferous, active, oratorical, fierce, raised: (adj) embossed, erect, convex, infrequency, curio, peculiarity,
vocal, unquiet, busy, disordered; (n) inflated, brocaded, high, uplifted, dearth, scarcity, tenuity, paucity,
noise lifted, exultant; (v) in relief, repousse scarceness, antique. ANTONYM: (n)
quietly: (adv) stilly, calmly, raising: (n) bringing up, nurture, frequency
peacefully, silently, softly, smoothly, elevation, lift, raise, culture, heave, rascal: (n) villain, rapscallion,
tranquilly, serenely, restfully, lully, ascent, ascension, upbringing, monkey, miscreant, knave,
moderately. ANTONYMS: (adv) rearing scoundrel, scamp, rogue, varlet,
loudly, harshly, raucously, rake: (n, v) tilt; (adj, v) comb; (v) hoe, vagabond, brat
vociferously, anxiously, harrow, graze, draw, plow; (n) rate: (n) worth, pace; (v) assess,
energetically, manically, unquietly, debauchee, roue, slant, blood. estimate, evaluate, appreciate,
clearly, heavily, brashly ANTONYM: (v) glance compute, appraise, count, calculate;
quiver: (adj, n, v) shudder, shiver, rakishness: (n) dapperness, nattiness, (n, v) value
tremble, shake; (v) flicker, flutter, swank, stylishness, smartness, rational: (adj, n) reasonable, just; (adj)
vibrate; (n, v) palpitate, quaver; (n) debauchery, modishness, intelligent, sane, judicious, logical,
vibration, tremor incontinence, breeziness, chic, mental, sound, sober, wise,
rabble: (n) crowd, masses, trash, dissoluteness practical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
herd, canaille, people, rout, ragtag, random: (adj) accidental, aimless, illogical, anxious, biased, untenable,
horde, gang, riffraff patchy, irregular, fortuitous, unreasonable, unrealistic,
raccoon: (n) coon, racoon, ringtail, arbitrary, casual, indiscriminate, unconvincing, physical, intuitive,
pelt, common raccoon, common incidental; (n) chance, accident. foolish, delirious
racoon, procyonid, fur ANTONYMS: (adj) systematic, rationalism: (adj) antichristianity,
race: (adj, n) kind; (adj, n, v) dash, nonrandom, regular, predictable, infidelity, deistic; (n) philosophy,
rush; (n, v) course, run, career; (n) ordered, logical, exact, discerning, deism, philosophical theory,
family, people; (v) hurry, hasten, fly. methodical, organized, deliberate classicism, doctrine, free thought,
ANTONYMS: (v) linger, amble rank: (n, v) range, order, place, Freetown, Germanism
radical: (adj) basic, exhaustive, position, grade, class, line, file; (v) rationally: (adv) logically, sanely,
extreme, primary, drastic, arrange, classify; (n) gradation. judiciously, wisely, coherently,
primordial; (adj, n) revolutionary, ANTONYMS: (adj) sparse, pleasant, sagaciously, lucidly, justly,
base, ultra; (n) basis, foundation. clean reasonably, sensibly, practically.
ANTONYMS: (adj) conventional, rankling: (adj) rancor, virulence, ANTONYMS: (adv) irrationally,
minor, cauline, modest, mainstream, galling, venom; (n) anger, illogically, emotionally, foolishly,
reactionary; (n) traditionalist, mordacity, hate unconvincingly, unreasonably
conformist; (adj, n) conservative rapid: (adj, v) fast, swift, prompt, rats: (n) mice, vermin, Rodentia,
rage: (adj, n, v) fume, bluster; (adj, n) fleet; (adj) speedy, agile, hasty, guinea pigs, agoutis, beavers, pests,
wrath, indignation, frenzy, mania; cursory, expeditious, sudden; (adv) gophers, order Rodentia, hamsters,
(n) passion, anger, craze, quickly. ANTONYMS: (adj) slow, marmots
exasperation; (n, v) storm. gradual, considered, leisurely, reach: (n, v) fetch, stretch; (adj, v)
ANTONYMS: (n) gentleness, thorough, lengthy, protracted, overtake, pass, extend; (v) obtain,
composure, calm, equanimity, sluggish achieve, make, attain, get; (n)
pleasure, serenity rapidly: (adv) promptly, speedily, compass. ANTONYMS: (v)
ragged: (adj, n) shabby; (adj) seedy, swiftly, quick, fleetly, hastily, withdraw, differ, fail
worn, hoarse, jagged, scruffy, torn, cursorily, readily, expeditiously, reaches: (n) recess
untidy, unkempt; (adj, v) fast; (adj, adv) immediately. reaching: (n) reach, arrival, coming,
threadbare; (n) harsh. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adv) permanently, accomplishment, outreach, advent,
(adj) smart, elegant, smooth, new, gradually, thoroughly, eventually, achievement, grasp, arriver, getting;
even later, now (adj) suspicious
rags: (adj) refuse, rubble, scourings, rapturously: (adv) ravishingly, reactionary: (adj, n) reactionist, die-
sweepings, trash, waste; (n) rhapsodically, overjoyedly, raptly, hard, counter-revolutionary; (n)
clothing, tatter, orts, odds and ends, delightedly, enrapturedly, gladly reactionaries, bourbon, reaction,
dress rare: (adj) uncommon, thin, unusual, diehard; (adj) right; (v) conflicting,
rain: (n, v) stream, hail; (n) seldom, scarce, precious, antagonistic, regressive.
precipitation, wet, pelting, flow, exceptional, infrequent, few, choice, ANTONYMS: (adj, n) progressive,
downpour, rainwater; (v) fine. ANTONYMS: (adj) common, radical; (adj) liberal, broadminded
precipitate, shower, rain down. frequent, usual, plentiful, readily: (adv) easily, lightly, freely,
ANTONYM: (v) drizzle commonplace, recurrent quickly, immediately, instantly,
raise: (n, v) lift, boost, increase; (v) rarely: (adv) unusually, infrequently, willingly, soon, eagerly; (adj, adv)
erect, hoist, grow, enhance, build, scarcely, seldom, singularly, handily, smoothly. ANTONYMS:
(adv) grudgingly, eventually, reassert: (v) reaffirm, affirm, optional, required
reluctantly, unenthusiastically maintain, justify, confirm, recompense: (n, v) pay, redress; (n)
readiness: (n) facility, ease, reconfirm, warrant, uphold, compensation, amends, atonement,
expedition, preparation, justified, evidence, demonstrate payment, consideration,
promptness, knack, dexterity, rebuff: (n, v) snub, check, cut; (v) indemnification, indemnity; (v)
eagerness, quickness, fitness; (adj, n) reject, ignore, decline, repel; (n) compensate, reimburse.
alacrity. ANTONYMS: (n) denial, defeat, rebuke, rejection. ANTONYMS: (v) penalize, receive;
reluctance, delay ANTONYMS: (n) acceptance, (n) penalty
reading: (n, v) read; (n) recital, approval, agreement; (v) welcome, reconciled: (adj) consistent, resigned,
learning, interpretation, lection, acknowledge, agree serene, meet; (v) made friends,
construction, version, study, recall: (adj, v) reverse; (v) revoke, affriended. ANTONYM: (adj)
perusal, erudition, exegesis rescind, recognize, recollect, unreconciled
ready: (v) prepare, fix; (adj, v) fit, remember, repeal, countermand; (n) recurring: (adj) frequent, intermittent,
disposed, willing; (adj) quick, memory, anamnesis; (n, v) return. cyclic, periodic, periodical, repeated,
prompt, nimble, apt; (adj, n) ANTONYMS: (v) issue, dissolve repetitive, customary, accustomed,
available, dexterous. ANTONYMS: recalling: (adj) revocatory; (n) memorable, chronic. ANTONYMS:
(adj) unwilling, reluctant, recognition (adj) irregular, intermittent,
unavailable, unready, unripe, receive: (v) get, admit, assume, have, spasmodic, unusual, rare, occasional
difficult, unenthusiastic, young welcome, bear, obtain, adopt, make, reduced: (adj) abridged, curtailed,
ready-made: (adj) reach-me-down, greet, embrace. ANTONYMS: (v) miniature, limited, cheap, prostrate,
trite refuse, disburse, lose, mail, present, bated, lower, cut, inexpensive, low.
realise: (v) appreciate, perceive, spend, dispatch ANTONYMS: (adj) complete,
actualize, understand, attain, received: (adj) acknowledged, diluted, increased, large, privileged,
comprehend, get, bring, see, make, conventional, standard, accredited, inflated
earn acceptable, orthodox, canonical, refined: (adj) delicate, cultured,
realised: (adj) realized, complete, normative; (v) receiving, current, graceful, polite, gentle, urbane,
completed, highly skilled, caught, ascertained. ANTONYMS: (adj) courteous, courtly, cultivated; (adj,
effected, established unconventional, nonstandard n) polished, pure. ANTONYMS:
realistic: (adj) lifelike, practical, receiving: (n) getting, reception, (adj) unrefined, raw, uncouth,
graphic, truthful, pragmatic, realist, acceptance, taking, adoption, rough, careless, crude, brute,
feasible, actual, hardheaded, sober, recipiency; (v) receive; (adj) boorish, plain, lowly, inelegant
real. ANTONYMS: (adj) idealistic, received, accepting, admitting, refinement: (n) culture, cultivation,
theoretical, unbelievable, naive, recipient. ANTONYM: (n) rejection purification, gentility, polish, finish,
impractical, impossible, fictional, recherche: (n) chic, modish; (adj) civilization, nicety, courtesy, grace;
impracticable, unreasonable, choice, rare, select, best, picked, (adj, n) elegance. ANTONYMS: (n)
inaccurate, illogical elect, dainty, priceless, elegant vulgarity, adulteration, tackiness,
reality: (n, v) fact, efficiency, deed; (n) reckon: (v) estimate, judge, hold, uncouthness, tastelessness,
existence, certainty, actuality, compute, guess, calculate, gauge, inelegance, coarseness, clumsiness,
realism, being, realness, truth, rate; (n, v) enumerate, count, awkwardness, crudeness
entity. ANTONYMS: (n) vision, number reflected: (adj) reflecting,
imagination, delusion, dream, reckoning: (n) calculation, reverberant, reflectent
illusion, idealism, unreality, fiction computation, bill, score, computing, reflection: (n) contemplation,
reason: (n) account, intellect, liquidation, clearance; (n, v) count, thought, deliberation, meditation,
occasion, object, understanding, enumeration, account, estimation musing, cogitation, idea, notion,
argument, purpose; (n, v) cause; (v) recognise: (v) identify, know, introspection; (n, v) observation,
argue, debate; (adj, n) rationality. acknowledge, approve, accept, reflexion. ANTONYMS: (n)
ANTONYMS: (n) inconsistency, concede, appreciate, confess, impulsiveness, confirmation
disincentive recognize, make out, discern reform: (v) rectify, better, correct,
reasonable: (adj) rational, just, fair, recognised: (adj) recognized, modify, transform, ameliorate,
legitimate, judicious, sensible, sane, undisputed, received, noted, known, emend, improve, remodel; (n, v)
temperate, impartial, inexpensive, established, certified, acceptable, change; (n) amendment.
equitable. ANTONYMS: (adj) accepted ANTONYMS: (v) scatter, worsen,
illogical, unfair, expensive, recollection: (n, v) mind; (n) maintain
unsatisfactory, inadequate, reminiscence, recall, anamnesis, reformation: (n) correction,
excessive, intolerable, intemperate, remembrance, recognition, amendment, improvement, redress,
inexplicable, ridiculous, obsessional memento, memorial, reclamation, rectification,
reasoning: (n) argumentation, commemoration, memoir, retrospect conversion, innovation, repair,
deduction, ratiocination, illation, recollections: (n) memories, renewal, reassembly
logic, argument, abstract thought, reminiscences, recollection, refrain: (v) desist, cease, fast, avoid,
sense, judgment, thought; (adj) biography leave off, withhold, stop, spare; (adj,
rational recommended: (adj) registered, v) forbear; (n) chorus, hold.
reasons: (n) proof advisable, favored, not compulsory, ANTONYMS: (v) participate, act,
consume, persist compunction, contrition. rely: (v) depend, count, lean, believe,
refraining: (n) forbearance, ANTONYMS: (v) welcome, praise; bank, confide, entrust, reckon, trust,
abstaining, austerity, denial, (n) idealism, shamelessness, joy, swear; (n, v) rest
mildness, abstention, no vote, satisfaction remain: (n, v) abide, endure,
nonparticipation, lenity; (adj) regular: (adj) normal, general, formal; continue, last; (v) bide, linger, stay,
austere (adj, n) steady, common, customary, keep, persist, live, hold.
refuge: (n) sanctuary, asylum, safety, ordinary; (adj, v) orderly, ANTONYMS: (v) leave, depart,
retreat, cover, harborage, haven, conventional, methodical; (adj, n, v) change, move, go, become, stop
shelter, harbor; (n, v) recourse, constant. ANTONYMS: (adj) remaining: (adj) leftover, left over,
resort irregular, erratic, variable, unusual, odd, surplus, extra, other, enduring,
refusal: (n) denial, declination, inconsistent, straight, extraordinary, lasting, residual, spare; (adv) over.
negative, rebuff, rejection, no, asymmetrical, rare, distant, strong ANTONYMS: (adj) spent, finished,
prohibition, ban, repulse, negation, regulation: (n) order, adjustment, left, gross, fleeting, basic, transient
exclusion. ANTONYMS: (n) law, arrangement, decree, remains: (n) debris, corpse, relic,
permission, acceptance, compliance, ordinance, canon, management, carcass, body, rest, clay, vestige;
approval, disposition, inclination, direction; (adj, n) control, (adj, n) remainder, remnant; (n, v)
affirmative, affirmation government. ANTONYMS: (n) trace
refuse: (v) deny, reject, decline, disorder, disorderliness remark: (n, v) comment, notice, note,
disallow, rebuff, turn down; (adj, n) reins: (n) bridle, Reins of a vault, mention, regard, mind; (adj, n, v)
waste, trash; (n) offal, litter; (n, v) reins of government, wheel, observe; (v) perceive, mark, discern;
dross. ANTONYMS: (v) allow, gearshift, joystick, pedals, potency, (n) observation
receive, permit, offer, dedicate, power, powerfulness remarkable: (adj) notable, odd,
approve, agree, admit, choose, pass, rejected: (n) rejection; (v) crossed in noteworthy, exceptional,
affirm love, forsaken; (adj) jilted, reprobate, distinguished, conspicuous,
refused: (adj) forbidden, refuse, refused, refuse, disallowed, phenomenal, famous, illustrious,
prohibited, hence abandoned, devastated, devastate curious; (adj, n) memorable.
refusing: (adj) negative, dismissive, rejoice: (v) cheer, gladden, triumph, ANTONYMS: (adj) insignificant,
denying, recusative, noncompliant revel, jubilate, gratify, gloat, please; unremarkable, commonplace, usual,
refuting: (n) determination, finding, (n, v) delight, glory, joy. average, unimpressive, normal,
falsification, debate, falsifying; (adj) ANTONYMS: (v) lament, mourn, inconspicuous, dreadful, dire, awful
refutatory complain remarks: (n) commentary,
regard: (n, v) respect, esteem, relation: (n) narration, recital, explanation
attention, heed, concern, note; (adj, association, affinity, description, remember: (v) commemorate,
n, v) notice; (v) estimate, believe; rehearsal, kin, relative; (n, v) recognize, recollect, recall, consider,
(adj, v) attend; (n) deference. account, report, regard memorize, think, mind, call to mind,
ANTONYMS: (n) neglect, disesteem, relations: (n) family, dealings, kin, retain, bear in mind. ANTONYMS:
inattentiveness, disdain, relation, connections, people, (v) ignore, neglect, overlook
detachment, infamy; (v) ignore, kindred, kinsfolk, contact, remembrance: (n, v) recollection,
scorn, disregard relationship, folks mind; (n) commemoration,
regardless: (adj) inattentive, heedless, relax: (adj, v) loose, debilitate, memorial, recall, relic, monument,
thoughtless, reckless, mindless, weaken; (v) abate, lounge, unbend, keepsake, reminiscence, recognition;
indifferent, negligent, neglectful; give, melt, remit, relieve; (adj, n, v) (adj, n) memento
(adv) irregardless, irrespective, no relent. ANTONYMS: (v) tense, remind: (v) recollect, prompt, recall,
matter compress, strain, stiffen, increase, commemorate, call up, memorialize,
regards: (v) regard, esteem, respect, fluster, bend, agitate, impose hint, jog, inform, think; (n, v) mind
consideration, honor, motive; (adj) relief: (n, v) help, ease, aid, reminiscences: (n) memoirs
abord, devoir; (n) greeting, relation, relaxation, assistance, solace; (n) remorse: (n) penitence, contrition,
duty consolation, release, respite, repentance, regret, guilt, penance,
regeneration: (n) rebirth, renovation, abatement, rest. ANTONYMS: (n) sorrow, grief, qualm, ruefulness,
revitalization, palingenesis, capture, discomfort, worry, compassion. ANTONYM: (n)
resurgence, regeneracy, renaissance, aggravation, grief, hindrance, shamelessness
new edition, inspiration; (adj, n) intensification, distress remote: (adj) aloof, inaccessible,
sanctification; (adj) adoption. relish: (n, v) enjoy, fancy, love; (n) outside, detached, faint, alien,
ANTONYMS: (n) decline, gusto, liking, palate, enthusiasm, unapproachable, secluded, far,
deterioration enjoyment; (adj, n) flavor; (v) bask, foreign, isolated. ANTONYMS: (adj)
register: (n, v) list, file, note, like. ANTONYM: (n) apathy near, nearby, accessible, likely,
catalogue, chronicle; (n) inventory, reluctantly: (adv) loathly, aversely, strong, neighboring, central, close,
book, account; (v) enroll, enter, grudgingly, backwardly, hesitantly, friendly, relevant, approachable
indicate reluctant, slowly, unenthusiastically, rending: (adj) ripping, excruciating,
regret: (n, v) grieve, sorrow; (v) indisposedly, lothly, charily. cacophonous, cacophonic; (v)
bewail, lament, mourn, bemoan, ANTONYMS: (adv) freely, harrowing; (n) division, outbreak
deplore; (n) remorse, penitence, wholeheartedly renew: (v) renovate, rejuvenate,
restore, refresh, refurbish, v) abominable, hateful, obnoxious. resolution: (n) determination,
modernize, revive, overhaul, ANTONYMS: (adj) pleasant, purpose, firmness, conclusion,
reinstate, reiterate, mend. delightful, desirable, reputable, answer, solution, resolve,
ANTONYMS: (v) reduce, kill lovely, lovable, humane, appealing, decomposition, resoluteness,
renewal: (n) revival, renaissance, laudable perseverance, settlement.
renovation, rehabilitation, reputation: (n) name, prestige, ANTONYMS: (n) problem,
restoration, reclamation, update, distinction, face, celebrity, credit, feebleness, indecision,
rebirth, reform, regeneration, character; (n, v) honor, esteem, irresoluteness, irresolution,
innovation. ANTONYMS: (n) report; (adj, n) renown. weakness, indifference
deterioration, disappearance ANTONYMS: (n) infamy, dishonor, resolved: (adj, v) resolute, firm,
renounce: (v) abandon, abdicate, obscurity certain; (adj) fixed, definite, set,
abjure, relinquish, desert, reject, give required: (adj) compulsory, essential, decided, conclusive, intent, solved,
up, disown, deny, quit, forgo. obligatory, indispensable, positive. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ANTONYMS: (v) acknowledge, mandatory, needed, needful, undecided, flexible, irresolute,
reassert, assert, continue, retain, prerequisite, bound, require, unconfirmed, uncertain
persist desired. ANTONYMS: (adj) free, resource: (n, v) resort, refuge; (n)
rent: (n, v) breach, fissure, lease, let; undesirable, voluntary, inessential expedient, imagination, stock,
(adj, n) cleft; (n) crevice, tear, crack, rescue: (n, v) release, ransom, device, facility, ingeniousness,
break; (v) charter, engage salvage; (n) deliverance, delivery, contrivance, source, resourcefulness
repay: (v) recompense, reward, pay, relieve; (v) extricate, recover, free, respect: (adj, n, v) regard, worship;
reimburse, compensate, refund, save, redeem. ANTONYMS: (n) (n, v) esteem, heed, notice,
render, requite, remunerate, return, involvement, loss, abandonment, reverence; (v) observe, keep,
redeem. ANTONYM: (v) penalize downfall; (n, v) capture; (v) appreciate; (n) homage, deference.
repeat: (v) copy, recapitulate, endanger, lose, aggravate ANTONYMS: (n, v) scorn, dishonor,
reduplicate, reiterate, rehearse, resemblance: (n) affinity, parallel, disregard; (n) cheek, insolence,
return, say, double, renew, iterate, similarity, comparison, impudence, disdain; (v) despise,
duplicate correspondence, likeness, humiliate, break, taint
repeated: (adj) continual, recurrent, conformity, appearance, analogy, respectable: (adj) considerable,
frequent, persistent, repeat, double, semblance, resemble. ANTONYMS: decorous, fair, estimable, decent,
habitual, chronic, again, common, (n) dissimilarity, contrast honorable, good, proper, creditable,
continuous. ANTONYMS: (adj) resentful: (adj) angry, indignant, passable, honest. ANTONYMS: (adj)
temporary, rare, unique, alternate, malicious, resent, embittered, bad, small, sordid, scruffy,
unusual, spasmodic rancorous, envious, jealous, inadequate, unrespectable, paltry,
repeatedly: (adv) often, recurrently, offended, hurt, mad. ANTONYMS: discourteous, inappropriate, sinful,
again, time and again, commonly, (adj) resigned, unresentful, willing, unacceptable
again and again, successively, sweet, pleased respected: (adj) illustrious,
regularly, repetitively, habitually, resentfully: (adv) bitterly, enviously, respectable, honored, appreciated,
continually. ANTONYMS: (adv) jealously, indignantly, angrily, dear, revered, valued, redoubtable,
intermittently, never, crossly, sulkily, maliciously, celebrated, glorious, famous.
simultaneously, spasmodically, sullenly, petulantly, reluctantly. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary,
rarely, manually, infrequently ANTONYMS: (adv) gladly, unreliable, weak
repelling: (adj) offensive, repellant, contentedly, graciously, sweetly respectful: (adj) deferential,
repellent, loathsome, disgusting, resentment: (n) grudge, displeasure, mannerly, dutiful, courteous,
repel, severe, repulsion, powerful, indignation, anger, ill will, rancor, attentive, obedient, reverential,
wicked, yucky umbrage, rage, envy, grievance, regardful, reverent, polite, humble.
reproach: (n, v) blame, rebuke, passion. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) cheeky,
charge, abuse, disgrace, reprimand, friendliness, happiness, impudent, insolent, rude,
invective; (v) accuse, chide, contentment, calm contemptuous, disobedient,
condemn; (n) condemnation. resigned: (adj) patient, acquiescent, scornful, nasty, sneering, irreverent,
ANTONYMS: (n, v) praise; (v) yielding, pessimistic, abject, passive, impolite
commend, approve; (n) compliment, forbearing, obedient; (adj, v) respectfully: (adv) reverentially,
commendation, approval subdued; (v) bowed down, content. reverently, politely, courteously,
reproaching: (adj) opprobrious ANTONYMS: (adj) resentful, civilly, attentively, graciously,
repulsion: (n) repugnance, optimistic, intolerant submissively, obsequiously,
repellency, hatred, antipathy, resolutely: (adv) determinedly, admiringly, regardfully.
aversion, horror, disgust, repulse, decidedly, steadfastly, decisively, ANTONYMS: (adv) impudently,
distaste, hate, rebuff. ANTONYMS: unfalteringly, boldly, steadily, contemptuously, disdainfully,
(n) charm, love, magnetism, appeal, stubbornly, definitely, resolvedly, rudely, insolently, audaciously,
liking, delight unwaveringly. ANTONYMS: (adv) sneeringly, nastily, irreverently,
repulsive: (adj) offensive, detestable, irresolutely, indecisively, disobediently, arrogantly
ugly, disagreeable, nauseous, uncertainly, feebly, hesitantly, respecting: (prep) about, regarding,
hideous, loathsome, abhorrent; (adj, aimlessly apropos, as regards, pertaining to;
(adj) relative, not absolute, retired: (adj) obscure, secluded, aversion, repulsion, repugnance,
pertaining, referring, loving sequestered, solitary, emeritus, hate, distaste, dislike, detestation,
respond: (n, v) reply, return; (v) secret, lonely, withdrawn, abomination, abhorrence.
counter, rejoin, echo, retort, react, superannuated, close; (adj, v) covert ANTONYMS: (n) love, attraction,
acknowledge, repay; (adj) retort: (n, v) answer, return, riposte; delight, liking, adoration
correspond; (n) response. (n) response, rejoinder, repartee, rhodes: (n) Cecil Rhodes, Cecil John
ANTONYM: (v) ask comeback; (v) respond, repay, Rhodes
rest: (adj, n) remnant, remainder, rejoin, alembic rhyme: (n) poetry, verse, poem, song,
residue; (n, v) pause, balance, nap, retreat: (v) retire, withdraw, depart; alliteration, numbers, rhythm; (n, v)
relaxation, sleep; (n) recess, leisure; (n) refuge, departure, asylum, den, rime, measure; (v) poetize, versify
(v) remain. ANTONYMS: (n) lair, retirement; (n, v) resort, return. ribald: (adj) coarse, gross, obscene,
activity, agitation, intensification; (v) ANTONYMS: (n) raid, lewd, indelicate, filthy, dirty,
change, stand, deteriorate development, extension, arrival, salacious, licentious, loose, broad
restaurant: (n) canteen, bistro, company; (v) progress, remain ribaldry: (n) indelicacy, raciness,
coffeehouse, buffet, cafe, lunchroom, returning: (adj) regressive, return, gaminess, wit, witticism, wittiness,
diner, chophouse, coffee shop, reversive, recurrent, coming back, vulgarism, harlotry; (v) smut, foul
refectory, grill ebbing, flowing back, new, newly invective, rude reproach
restless: (adj) fidgety, uneasy, appointed, newly elected, next. ridiculous: (adj) foolish,
impatient, restive, agitated, fretful, ANTONYMS: (adj) outgoing, preposterous, funny, laughable,
turbulent, feverish; (adj, n) nervous, unique, occasional ludicrous, inane, nonsensical,
apprehensive; (adj, v) unquiet. reveal: (v) divulge, expose, disclose, comical, farcical, amusing, comic.
ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, impart, betray, detect, convey, ANTONYMS: (adj) reasonable,
peaceful, lethargic, unbroken, still, exhibit, display, discover, express. inspiring, ordinary, sensitive,
contented ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, hide, acceptable, generous, normal,
restrain: (adj, v) confine; (v) control, cover, suppress, withhold possible, impressive, sane,
rein, hold, curb, bind, contain, revenge: (n) retribution, vengeance, worthwhile
prevent, limit, repress; (n, v) check. reprisal, retaliation, repayment, riding: (n) ride, horseback riding,
ANTONYMS: (v) encourage, grudge, punishment; (v) retaliate, travel, hundred, tithing, soke,
promote, unleash, impel, release, repay, requite, vindicate travelling, manege, athletics; (v)
intensify, increase, free, extend, reverence: (n, v) respect, regard, fear, horsemanship; (adj) awheel
express, support worship, honor, esteem, adore; (n) rightful: (adj) right, lawful, just,
restrained: (adj) reserved, quiet, deference, adoration, admiration, justifiable, proper, legal, equitable,
modest, temperate, discreet, limited, awe. ANTONYMS: (n) despise, licit, real, genuine, true.
reasonable, subdued, unemotional, disrespect, irreverence, disdain, ANTONYMS: (adj) wrongful,
reticent, guarded. ANTONYMS: disparagement, contempt; (v) illegal, unlawful, fake
(adj) unrestrained, open, flashy, dishonor rights: (n) human rights, citizenship,
immoral, ostentatious, wild, loud, reverend: (n) preacher, clergyman, possession, copyright, due,
theatrical, outgoing, extravagant, parson, rector, vicar, pastor, priest, exclusive rights, nationality, official
emotional minister, churchman; (adj) document, patent, government
restraint: (n) bridle, reserve, respectable, honourable grant
moderation, modesty, constraint, revolt: (n, v) mutiny, rebellion, rigid: (adj) inflexible, hard, fixed,
control, restriction, curb; (n, v) insurrection; (v) sicken, nauseate, stiff, strict, austere, firm, set, tense,
hindrance, check, limit. rebel, repel, repulse, offend; (adj, v) tight, tough. ANTONYMS: (adj)
ANTONYMS: (n) excess, abandon, shock; (n) uprising. ANTONYMS: flexible, soft, elastic, loose, nonrigid,
incentive, decadence, freedom, (n) attraction; (v) please, delight limp, liberal, lenient, adaptable,
unrestraint, depravity, revolted: (adj) sickened, sick, irresolute, floppy
disorderliness, indulgence, shocked, horrified, disgusted, rise: (n, v) mount, lift, increase,
expression, incitement appalled heave, swell, jump; (v) ascend, arise;
restrictions: (n) restriction, revolting: (adj) offensive, loathsome, (n) elevation, ascent, progress.
limitations, borders, boundaries, nasty, foul, detestable, nauseating, ANTONYMS: (n, v) decrease, drop;
confines, limits nauseous, horrible, hideous, (v) sink, descend, plummet, retire,
retain: (v) keep, reserve, preserve, repellent; (adj, v) sickening. set; (n) reduction, descent,
have, maintain, continue, hold, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, depreciation, ruin
employ, engage, hire, own. pleasant, tasty, delicious, edible, rising: (n) revolt, rebellion, mutiny,
ANTONYMS: (v) expel, dismiss, lovable, delightful, appealing, lovely ascent, ascension, climb, rise,
release, relinquish, fire, destroy, lack revoltingly: (adv) sickeningly, outbreak, insurrection; (adj)
retaining: (adj) retentive; (n) distastefully, loathsomely, climbing, uphill. ANTONYMS: (adj)
employment, reservation nauseatingly, repulsively, vilely, plummeting, plunging, decreasing,
retire: (v) resign, retreat, withdraw, foully, repugnantly, abhorrently, falling, setting, downward, content;
leave, abdicate, ebb, depart, turn in, shockingly, heinously. ANTONYM: (n) fall
fall back, hit the hay, go to bed. (adv) appealingly risk: (n, v) peril, chance, gamble, bet,
ANTONYMS: (v) remain, enter revulsion: (n) horror, hatred, venture, adventure, wager, dare; (n)
danger, jeopardy; (v) endanger. pleasant, glossy, even civility, refinement, propriety,
ANTONYMS: (v) protect, shun; (n) roughly: (adv) coarsely, harshly, courteousness, courtesy, decency,
security violently, rudely, unevenly, hardly, respect, diplomacy, praise,
roads: (n) anchorage, anchorage severely, crudely; (adj, adv) nearly; thoughtfulness, gentleness
ground, communications, (adv, prep) about; (adj, adv, prep) ruin: (n) devastation, desolation; (adj,
infrastructure, port, road and rail just about. ANTONYMS: (adv) n) downfall; (v) break, consume,
network, transportation softly, gently, smoothly, exactly, demolish, destroy; (n, v) doom,
robbed: (adj) plundered, rubato, finely, lovingly, precisely, well, ravage, destruction, damage.
fleeced, borrowed, bereft evenly ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, enhance,
rogue: (n, v) rascal; (n) knave, imp, rouse: (v) provoke, excite, arouse, save, restore, improve; (n, v) respect;
miscreant, crook, cheat, impostor, kindle, awaken, instigate, actuate, (n) making, success, triumph, rise,
swindler, cad, villain, scoundrel disturb, move, agitate, incite. preservation
roman: (adj) Romanist, Romish, ANTONYMS: (v) dampen, ruined: (adj, v) lost; (adj) dilapidated,
classical, apostolic, popish, papist, dishearten, suppress, douse, inhibit, desolate, broke, broken, bankrupt,
papistic; (n) Catholic, Roman type, stifle, quench finished, devastated, desolated,
reglet, Romanesque roused: (adj) excited, awake, insolvent, spoiled. ANTONYMS:
romantic: (adj) amorous, impractical, susceptible, emotional, elated, (adj) solvent, pure, rich, whole
fanciful, quixotic, unrealistic, interested rule: (n, v) control, order, govern,
utopian, loving, amatory, fictitious; rousing: (adj) stirring, provocative, decree, influence, line, dominion,
(adj, n) visionary, romanticist. bracing, thrilling, inspiring, regulate, reign; (n) law, ordinance.
ANTONYMS: (n) realist, classicist; exhilarating, moving; (n) ANTONYMS: (v) request; (n) option
(adj) commonplace, graphic, awakening, wakening, stimulation; rules: (n) regulations, laws, law,
unromantic, unsentimental, (v) rouse. ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinance, statute, etiquette, system,
unhappy, prosaic, disapproving, conciliatory, dull, relaxing instructions, policy
cool, realistic rousseau: (n) Le douanier Rousseau running: (adj) operative, working,
romanticism: (n) utopianism, rubbed: (adj) polished, refined, terse, continual, moving; (adj, v) active; (n)
idealism, romance language, attrite, marked, accomplished, course, motion, run, operation,
quality, sentiment, love story, love fretten administration; (adj, n) functioning
affair, Latinian language, rubbing: (n) friction, abrasion, rush: (n, v) charge, flood, dash, flow,
humanities, humanistic discipline, grinding, detrition, rub, grip, gush, race, run, speed, attack; (adj,
arts. ANTONYM: (n) classicism resistance, chafe, sweat, travail, n, v) burst; (n) onrush.
rome: (n) Eternal City, Italian capital, massage. ANTONYM: (n) ANTONYMS: (v) delay, dawdle,
capital of Italy smoothness linger, wander, amble, hesitate,
rooms: (n) flat, apartment, chamber, rubbish: (adj, n) refuse, trash, litter, crawl, trickle; (n) shortage,
quarters, lodging, chambers, garbage, trumpery; (n) nonsense, slowness, unimportance
accommodation, cortege, suite, junk, offal, debris, waste, drivel. rushed: (adj) hurried, rush,
temporary housing, ANTONYMS: (n) fact; (adj) precipitate, rapid, unexpected,
accommodations valuable, helpful hassled, immediate, instant,
root: (n) foundation, base, origin, ruby: (adj, n) red, crimson; (adj) instantaneous, quick, speedy.
basis, radix, cause, derivation, jewel, ruddy, scarlet, diamond, ANTONYMS: (adj) unhurried, slow,
reason, fountainhead; (adj, n) pearl, precious stone, bijou; (n) considered, gradual
radical; (v) establish. ANTONYMS: carbuncle, deep red rushing: (adv) rushingly; (n) haste,
(n) descendant, effect rude: (adj, n) rough, impudent, hurry, hurrying, running, hastening,
roots: (n) heredity, family, origin, coarse, abrupt, bold; (adj) blunt, flush, movement; (adj) flowing,
line, extraction, ancestry discourteous, impolite, brutal, headlong, moving
rosy: (adj) hopeful, blooming, crude, mean. ANTONYMS: (adj) russia: (n) russias, Russian, union of
optimistic, auspicious, promising, polite, refined, courteous, Soviet socialist republics, Russian
bright, roseate, ruddy, fortunate, chivalrous, civil, proper, decent, Federation, Russian Soviet federated
flushed, pink. ANTONYMS: (adj) exact, clean, gentle, inoffensive socialist republic, Soviet Russia,
gloomy, depressing, hopeless, rudely: (adv) crudely, coarsely, USSR
unpromising uncivilly, indelicately, impolitely, sack: (v) plunder, dismiss, ransack,
rotting: (adj) rotten, decaying, roughly, harshly, vulgarly, brutally, despoil, rob; (n, v) bag, discharge,
decayed, moldering, mouldering, meanly, wildly. ANTONYMS: (adv) fire; (n) pocket, sac, pouch.
decomposing, putrid; (n) rot, respectfully, graciously, decently, ANTONYMS: (v) hire, detain
putrefaction, decomposition, deep civilly, properly, attentively, sacrifice: (n, v) oblation, forfeit; (v)
etching agreeably, tactfully, thoughtfully, offer, immolate, offer up, give, give
rough: (adj, n) hard, grating, jagged; acceptably, gently up, relinquish; (n) immolation, loss,
(adj, n, v) harsh; (adj) raw, gross, rudeness: (n) disrespect, audacity, forfeiture
cruel, crude, gruff; (adj, v) hoarse; insolence, impudence, discourtesy, sacrifices: (n) holocaust
(n, v) draft. ANTONYMS: (adj) incivility, effrontery, bad manners, sage: (adj) sagacious, discerning,
gentle, silky, soft, sophisticated, impoliteness, impropriety, intelligent, prudent, judicious,
refined, polished, precise, exact, primitiveness. ANTONYMS: (n) learned, profound, knowing; (adj, v)
grave; (n) philosopher, scholar sure; (v) convinced. ANTONYMS: scatter: (n, v) spread, spray; (v)
sake: (n, v) interest, reason, motive, (adj) frustrated, anxious, disperse, dispel, disseminate,
ground; (v) advantage, cause; (n) disgruntled, hungry, insistent, distribute, break up, dissipate,
object, account, design, purpose, pensive, unsure, dissatisfied, sprinkle, circulate, diffuse.
saki ashamed ANTONYMS: (v) collect, reform,
salary: (n) pay, earnings, allowance, satisfy: (v) please, persuade, meet, attract, concentrate
remuneration, fee, income, payment, satiate, indulge, sate, appease; (adj, scene: (n, v) aspect, view, outlook,
emolument, gain, compensation, v) content, fill, suffice, do. lookout; (n) background, display,
profit ANTONYMS: (v) intensify, spectacle, picture, environment,
sallow: (adj) pasty, pallid, bloodless, displease, disappoint, disgruntle, panorama, perspective
sickly, wan, ashen, fair, white, frustrate scepticism: (n) disbelief, incredulity,
tawny, sandy; (n) osier. sauce: (n) gravy, condiment, agnosticism, doubt, mistrust,
ANTONYMS: (adj) dark, glowing impudence, seasoning, garnish, distrust, atheism, unbelief,
salt: (adj) salty, saline, briny, impertinence, mole, bechamel, misgiving, suspicion, sceptical
brackish, pungent; (v) cure, pickle; salad, billingsgate, aioli schoolfellow: (n) classmate, class
(n) salinity, common salt, alkali; savage: (adj, v) fierce, wild, furious; fellow, bookmate, acquaintance,
(adj, n) spice (adj) ferocious, brutal, cruel, condisciple, friend, school chum,
salvation: (n) redemption, rescue, bloodthirsty, rough, pitiless; (adj, n) school friend, school pal
delivery, preservation, savior, brute; (n) vandal. ANTONYMS: science: (n) learning, lore,
deliverance, liberation, expiation, (adj) civilized, gentle, nice proficiency, dexterity, virtuosity,
propitiation; (adj, n) justification; savagely: (adv) brutally, ferociously, skill, literature, knowledge,
(adj) conversion. ANTONYMS: (n) barbarously, wildly, barbarianly, agrology, mathematics; (adj) art
damnation, destruction viciously, uncivilizedly, violently, scolding: (n) rebuke, lecture,
sang: (n) panax quinquefolius, sing, felly, untamedly, roughly castigation, admonition, reproof,
herb, herbaceous plant save: (v) rescue, hoard, conserve, objurgation, chiding, dressing,
sarcasm: (adj, n) irony, ridicule, keep, maintain, preserve, free, jobation, scold, rating. ANTONYMS:
satire, humor; (n) gibe, bitterness, protect, liberate; (adv, conj, n, prep) (n) compliment, approval
jeer, scorn, insinuation, taunt; (adj) except; (adj, v) economize. score: (n, v) count, notch, scratch,
sarcastic. ANTONYM: (n) kindness ANTONYMS: (v) waste, squander, line, cut, tally, scotch; (n) bill,
sarcastic: (adj) sharp, poignant, use, abandon, endanger, capture, groove, debt; (v) get
caustic, bitter, biting, pungent, acid, asphyxiate, aggravate, destroy scorn: (v) despise, contemn, reject; (n,
acrimonious, ironical; (adj, v) saved: (adj) protected, economized, v) ridicule, neglect, disregard,
derisive, satirical. ANTONYMS: rescued, blessed deride, slight; (n) contempt,
(adj) sympathetic, pleasant, saviour: (n) deliverer, rescuer, savior, derision, mockery. ANTONYMS: (n,
approving, kind, complimentary, redeemer, Christ, saver, liberator, v) respect, praise; (v) appreciate,
mild, respectful recoverer, messianic, Jesus Christ, revere, value, approve, admire,
sarcastically: (adv) satirically, Jesus accept; (n) admiration,
mordantly, sharply, bitingly, savour: (n, v) relish; (v) taste, enjoy, commendation, humility
ironically, tartly, cynically, devour; (n) flavour, flavor, sapidity, scornful: (adj) disdainful, haughty,
scornfully, mockingly, scathingly, gusto, piquancy, tang, smack arrogant, sarcastic, disparaging,
derisively. ANTONYM: (adv) gently saying: (adj, n, v) maxim; (n) axiom, derisive, mocking, abusive, scathing,
satire: (n) sarcasm, lampoon, adage, phrase, dictum, idiom, opprobrious, insulting.
mockery, parody, ridicule, byword, aphorism, expression; (n, v) ANTONYMS: (adj) approving,
caricature, burlesque, quip, spoof, saw, proverb complimentary, humble,
derision; (v) squib scandal: (n) disgrace, dishonor, sympathetic, admiring
satisfaction: (n, v) pleasure, gossip, outrage, discredit, rumor, scoundrel: (n, v) rascal; (n) knave,
gratification, contentment, content; infamy, disrepute, ignominy, blackguard, cad, villain, ruffian,
(n) enjoyment, joy, complacency, detraction, shame miscreant, crook, rapscallion, varlet,
amends, reparation, redress, scanning: (n) search, scan, scalawag
recompense. ANTONYMS: (n) photography scowling: (adj) frowning, angry, dire,
displeasure, discontent, aggravation, scarcely: (adv) narrowly, rarely, frowny, grim, threatening, ugly,
sorrow, dismay, anxiety hardly, just, scarce, uncommonly, unfriendly, dark
satisfactorily: (adv, v) well, fully, insufficiently, scantily, scantly, only scraping: (n) scrape, scratching,
rightly; (adv) sufficiently, just, seldom. ANTONYMS: (adv) scratch, rub, sizing, rament, incision,
satisfyingly, fairly, amply, enough, easily, liberally mark, prick; (v) rubbing; (adj)
gratifyingly, competently, scare: (adj, n, v) panic; (adj, n) dread; grating
pleasingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) (v) intimidate, daunt, frighten, scratch: (n, v) mark, graze, notch,
unsatisfactorily, inadequately, appall, horrify; (adj, v) dismay, awe; scrape, nick, scrabble, dent, scar; (v)
intolerably, badly, negatively (n, v) fright; (adj) consternation. rub, chafe, rake. ANTONYM: (v)
satisfied: (adj) happy, content, full, ANTONYMS: (v) comfort, soothe, soothe
pleased, confident, complacent, encourage; (n) reassurance, bravery scream: (n, v) shout, call, howl, yell,
persuaded, fulfilled; (adj, v) certain, scaring: (adj) appalling screech, shriek, wail; (v) cry out,
roar, bellow, hollo. ANTONYM: (n) seething: (v) ebullient; (adj) irate, deadness, flop, dud, calm, failure
bore raging, enraged, spitting mad, sensations: (n) feelings, vibrations,
screen: (adj, n, v) cover; (n, v) shade, beside yourself, teed off, packed; (n) ambiance
shield, hide, protect, conceal, riddle, ebullition, tumult, digestion senseless: (adj) foolish, mindless,
shelter, mask, disguise; (n) blind. seigneur: (n) lord, seignior, overlord, preposterous, pointless, irrational,
ANTONYMS: (v) expose, reveal, master absurd, stupid, insensible, idiotic,
withhold seize: (v) catch, capture, grab, arrest, fatuous, purposeless. ANTONYMS:
scurrying: (adj) faster, fast clutch, get, apprehend, receive, (adj) meaningful, wise, conscious,
sealed: (adj) hermetic, tight, certain, annex, clasp; (n, v) grapple. provoked, prudent, useful,
plastered, Solen, shut, impervious, ANTONYMS: (v) baulk, relinquish, worthwhile
irrevocable, tighter, still, preserved restore, surrender, give, remove senselessly: (adv) stupidly,
seat: (n) bench, base, behind, bottom, seized: (adj) confiscate, appropriated, nonsensically, foolishly, inanely,
buttocks, location, position, post, condemned, apprehended, grasped, insanely, pointlessly, unwisely, silly,
posterior; (v) locate, put taken, held, seised, detained, meaninglessly, blindly, futilely
secondary: (adj) lower, minor, obtained, arraught senses: (adj) sober senses, sound
inferior, ancillary, derivative, seizing: (v) seize; (n) seizure, mind; (n) reason, mind, conception,
incidental, junior, indirect, auxiliary, clutches, prehension, taking, consciousness, judgment, faculties,
second, less. ANTONYMS: (adj) apprehension, capture, infection; mother wit, right mind, sanity
main, basic, fundamental, primary, (adj) catching, galling, controlling sensible: (adj) aware, sagacious,
direct, chief, central, major, senior, self: (n) ego, person, me, individual, prudent, rational, judicious,
concrete, original being; (pron) myself, herself, itself; perceptible, sane, wise, intelligent,
seconds: (n) merchandise, retrees, (adj) same; (v) own; (adv) personally appreciable, sage. ANTONYMS:
goods; (adj) unacceptable, defective self-confidence: (n) confidence, (adj) ludicrous, crazy, unreasonable,
secret: (adj, v) mysterious, hidden, assurance, pride, egoism, effrontery, stupid, silly, ridiculous, reckless,
covert, secluded, confidential; (adj) determination, morale idiotic, outrageous, imprudent, mad
concealed, furtive, occult, obscure; self-confident: (adj) assured, cocky, sensitive: (adj) excitable, sore, tender,
(adj, n) privacy, secrecy. confident, assertive, jaunty, sensible, painful, impressionable,
ANTONYMS: (adj, n) known, sanguine, secure, self-sufficient, emotional, irritable, receptive,
public; (adj) open, overt, apparent, certain gentle, susceptible. ANTONYMS:
unrestricted, external, visible, self-defence: (n) self-defense (adj) numb, hardhearted, tactless,
outermost, transparent, blatant sell: (v) deal, handle, dispose, betray, impervious, dense, improper,
secretly: (adv) privately, give, promote, realize, merchandise, insensible, prosaic, straightforward,
confidentially, quietly, stealthily, dispose of; (n, v) cheat; (adj) sold. unconcerned, indiscriminate
surreptitiously, furtively, in secret, ANTONYMS: (v) buy, wholesale sent: (adj) dispatched, imported,
darkly, secretively, clandestinely, selling: (n) marketing, business, ecstatic, blissful, fascinated,
occultly. ANTONYMS: (adv) disposal, vending, capitalisation, intoxicated; (v) transmit.
publicly, deliberately, brazenly capitalization, commerce, ANTONYM: (adj) unsent
secrets: (n) secrecy merchandising, transaction, resale, sentimental: (adj) maudlin, mushy,
seduce: (v) lure, decoy, entice, allure, retailing romantic, tender, soft, mawkish,
inveigle, persuade; (adj, n, v) semblance: (adj, n) color; (n) schmaltzy, sappy, schmalzy,
debauch; (adj, v) fascinate, captivate; resemblance, appearance, look, bathetic, slushy. ANTONYMS: (adj)
(n, v) tempt; (adj) bewitch aspect, air, image, similarity, hardhearted, cool
seeing: (prep) because; (adj) Seely, pretense, guise, pretext. sentimentality: (n) bathos, sentiment,
considering; (n) sight, vision, ANTONYM: (n) difference sentimentalism, sentimental,
beholding, fusion, visual sense; (v) senate: (n) council, legislature, emotionalism, emotionality, feeling,
conceive, comprehend, perceive parliament, congress, Cortes, upper schmaltz, tenderness, insincere
seek: (n, v) ask, inquire; (v) hunt, house, junta, assembly, House of pathos, mushiness
endeavor, attempt, look, aspire, Representatives, storthing, sentiments: (n) breast
pursue, beg, quest, explore. witenagemote separate: (v) part, detach, insulate,
ANTONYMS: (v) answer, grant send: (v) pass, deliver, forward, scatter, dissociate, cut, disperse,
seeking: (n) hunt, pursuit, hunting, convey, dispatch, mail, post, give, disconnect; (adj) individual,
effort, pursuance; (adj) searching, carry, divert, project. ANTONYM: detached; (adj, v) discrete.
zetetic; (prep) looking for (v) keep ANTONYMS: (v) unite, merge, mix,
seem: (v) appear, feel, seeming, loom, sending: (n) forwarding, dispatch, link, combine, fuse, join, associate;
expect, show, beseem, sound, glitter, transmission, transmittal, send, (adj) connected, joined,
glisten, gleam despatch, mailing, transport, simultaneous
seeming: (adj) ostensible, superficial, dispatching, dispatchment, separated: (adj, prep) separate,
illusory, outward, probable, conveyance isolated, disjoined, distinct; (adj,
deceptive, specious; (adj, n) sensation: (n, v) feeling, impression, adv) apart; (adj) detached, divided,
appearance, semblance; (n) aspect, sense; (v) affection; (n) emotion, feel, disjointed, free, disjunct, discrete.
show. ANTONYMS: (adj) actual, perception, wonder, sensibility, ANTONYMS: (adj) attached,
deep, inner sensitivity, thrill. ANTONYMS: (n) connected
separately: (adv) individually, apart, defined, finished. ANTONYMS: chagrin; (n) humiliation, modesty,
discretely, one by one, severally, (adj) unsettled, exciting, temporary scandal, insult; (v) abash.
asunder, aside, distinctly, abstractly, seven: (adj, n) VII; (n) September, ANTONYMS: (n) pride,
singly, separatedly. ANTONYMS: septet, week, nine, knave, king, jack, glorification, making, worthiness;
(adv) simultaneously, collectively queen, digit, Sevener (v) acknowledge, glorify, respect,
serenely: (adv) calmly, composedly, seventy: (n) large integer dignify
quietly, placidly, stilly, steadily, severe: (adj, n) rigid, austere, shamefaced: (adj) coy, sheepish,
impassively, peacefully, Pacifically, inclement, rough, hard; (adj, v) modest, shy, hangdog, bashful,
clearly, coolly. ANTONYMS: (adv) biting, cutting; (adj) rigorous, bad, guilty, skittish, embarrassed,
nervously, agitatedly, boisterously, intense, heavy. ANTONYMS: (adj) diffident, shamed
manically mild, lenient, slight, easy, lax, shameful: (adj) scandalous,
series: (n) rank, chain, collection, cordial, kindly, kind, approving, dishonorable, opprobrious,
cycle, serial, sequence, set, string; funny, moderate shocking, ignominious,
(adj) progression; (n, v) order; (adj, severity: (n) rigor, austerity, disreputable, despicable; (adj, v)
n) round. ANTONYM: (n) harshness, roughness, intensity, foul, base, gross, black.
individual inclemency, asperity, gravity, ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable,
seriously: (adv) earnestly, soberly, hardness, tyranny, violence. noble, dignified, admirable,
severely, solemnly, badly, deeply, ANTONYMS: (n) leniency, faultless, reputable, glorious,
staidly, sincerely, thoughtfully, pleasantness, flexibility, clemency, compassionate, praiseworthy,
greatly, weightily. ANTONYMS: softness, insignificance, warmth, commendable, excellent
(adv) frivolously, playfully, lenience, brightness shamefully: (adv) ignominiously,
cheerfully, slightly, teasingly, sewing: (n) embroidery, sew, ingloriously, scandalously,
jovially, nonchalantly, needlecraft, stitch, stitching, infamously, shockingly,
lightheartedly, briskly, mildly, fancywork, mend, gather, patch, discreditably, basely, outrageously;
lightly gathering, binding (adv, v) dishonorably, foully,
sermon: (n) discourse, oration, shabby: (adj) poor, abject, mean, nastily. ANTONYMS: (adv)
speech, address, homily, mangy, low, sorry, decrepit, worn, commendably, compassionately,
preachment, harangue, preaching, sordid, ragged; (adj, v) frayed. nobly
exhortation, predication; (n, v) ANTONYMS: (adj) pristine, elegant, shamelessly: (adv) barefacedly,
lecture opulent, honorable, decent, new, impudently, boldly, brazenly,
servant: (n) manservant, domestic, neat, comfortable, tasteful, strong, brashly, insolently, audaciously,
lackey, maid, employee, flunkey, respectful immodestly, unblushingly,
retainer, boy, footman, flunky, shade: (n, v) screen, tinge, shadow, unabashedly, gracelessly.
menial. ANTONYMS: (n) master, tint, color, cloud; (n) ghost, hue, ANTONYMS: (adv) ashamedly,
mistress blind, conceal, tone. ANTONYMS: penitently
serve: (adj, n, v) avail; (v) assist, aid, (n) brightness, glare; (v) brighten, shamelessness: (n) brazenness,
act, benefit, tend, attend, operate, clarify, expose insolence, effrontery, boldness,
function, do; (n, v) officiate shaggy: (adj) bushy, hirsute, hairy, audacity, impertinence, rudeness,
servile: (adj) abject, obsequious, base, bearded, shagged, pilous, brushy, face, audaciousness, front,
fawning, ignoble, sordid, unkempt, hispid; (adj, n) ragged; (n) barefacedness. ANTONYM: (n)
subservient, cringing, slavish; (adj, rugged. ANTONYMS: (adj) sleek, restraint
n) mean, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy shape: (n, v) cast, mold, fashion,
bossy, assertive shake: (n, v) jolt, beat, jar, quiver, mould, model, make, design; (n)
servitude: (n) bondage, serfdom, wave; (v) agitate, excite, disturb; pattern, figure; (v) determine,
enslavement, captivity, slavery, (adv, v) brandish; (adj, v) quake, influence
yoke, vassalage, thrall, easement, totter. ANTONYMS: (v) soothe, sharp: (adj, n, v) keen, acute, bitter;
serfhood, dependency. ANTONYM: steady (adj) intelligent, intense, incisive;
(n) freedom shakespeare: (n) the bard, William (adj, v) biting, acid, acrid, severe,
setting: (n) scene, scenery, Shakspere, William Shakespeare harsh. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull,
adjustment, position, background, shaking: (adj, n) quivering, tremor, mild, gentle, sweet, rounded, bland,
mount, backdrop, environment, jarring; (n) quiver, palpitation, round, smooth, blurred, naive, kind
scope, mounting, set quake; (adj) quaking, shaky, flutter, sharply: (adj, adv) piercingly,
settle: (adj, n, v) fix, establish, unsteady, shivering harshly, penetratingly; (adv) keenly,
confirm; (n, v) place, set; (v) resolve, sham: (adj, adv, n, v) counterfeit; (adj, severely, abruptly, trenchantly,
clarify, pay, regulate, adjudicate, n, v) fake; (adj, v) pretend, put on; shrewdly, bitingly, cuttingly,
agree. ANTONYMS: (v) float, (adj, n) imitation, phony; (v) feign; bitterly. ANTONYMS: (adv) gently,
wander, prolong, owe, bungle, (adj) false; (n) fraud, impostor, kindly, sweetly, politely, gradually,
open, provoke, rise, weaken, falsehood. ANTONYMS: (adj, v) pleasantly
worsen, complicate real; (n) original, truth, truthfulness, shattered: (adj) destroyed, smashed,
settled: (adj) definite, set, firm, honesty; (adj) valid done in, crazy, shaky, crushed; (adj,
permanent, certain, calm, shame: (n, v) disgrace, dishonor, v) exhausted; (v) battered, dead
established, decided, formed, discredit, humiliate, degrade, beat, done up, lame. ANTONYMS:
(adj) fresh, energetic, lively, whole, shores: (n) coast, seaboard, seashore, (adj, v) indisposed, unwell; (adj, n)
strong shoreline. ANTONYM: (n) interior invalid. ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy,
shawl: (n) wrap, mantle, cape, short: (adj, v) concise, close; (adj) fond, wholesome
muffler, scarf, pall, mantlet Mantua, scarce, curt, brusque, sharp, sicken: (v) repel, nauseate, revolt,
wrapper, kerchief, headscarf, stole compendious, laconic, deficient, disgust, pall, shock, offend, appall,
shed: (v) discard, drop, moult, scanty, diminutive. ANTONYMS: scandalize, get sick, languish.
scatter, exuviate, molt, cast off, (adj) long, high, lengthy, ANTONYMS: (v) attract, delight
dismiss; (n) shack, hut, cabin. unabridged, sufficient, slender, sickened: (adj) aghast, horrified,
ANTONYMS: (v) keep, cover; (adj) rangy, rambling, overlong, appalled, shocked
persistent extended, plentiful sickening: (adj) revolting, nauseous,
shedding: (n) molting, abscission, shorten: (v) condense, reduce, offensive, repulsive, foul,
fluffing, effusion, moulting, abbreviate, clip, abridge, cut, curtail, nauseating, noisome, obnoxious,
biological process, desquamation, cut back, contract, compress, dock. loathsome, repugnant, abominable.
sloughing, emission; (adj, n) peeling; ANTONYMS: (v) expand, prolong, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive,
(adj) flaking extend, complicate pleasant, delightful, wholesome,
sheep: (n) goat, ram, tup, ewe, cattle, shoulder: (v) carry, push, hold, jostle, light, appealing, wonderful
follower, Bovidae, stock, simple, sustain, support, assume, accept; (n, sickly: (adj, adv) poorly; (n) invalid;
simpleton, family Bovidae v) elbow; (n) back, flange (adj) sick, ailing, pale, sallow,
sheer: (adj) pure, filmy, bold, shouldering: (n) assumption indisposed, morbid, diseased; (adj,
transparent, gauzy, simple, shout: (n, v) cry, clamor, scream, yell, n, v) infirm; (adj, v) faint.
diaphanous, gossamer; (adj, n) roar, call, bellow, screech; (v) bawl, ANTONYMS: (adj) healthy, bitter,
complete, mere, perfect. hollo; (n) cheer robust
ANTONYMS: (adj) thick, gentle, shouted: (adj) screamed, loud sideways: (adj) side, crabwise,
opaque, heavy, gradual, robust, shouting: (adj, n) yelling; (adj) crying, crosswise, indirect; (adv) obliquely,
partial howling, vociferous; (n) clamor, laterally, sidelong, sideway,
shell: (n) rind, sheath, case, casing, calling, noise, cheering, vociferation, sidewise, sidewards; (adj, adv)
bullet, bark, shot, crust; (n, v) bomb, tumult; (v) bawl aslant. ANTONYMS: (adj) level,
pod; (v) bombard. ANTONYM: (n) shower: (n, v) wash, rain, hail, direct; (adv) across
middle drizzle, bath; (v) sprinkle, bathe, sieve: (v) filter, riddle, strain, shovel,
sherry: (v) rye, schnapps, highball, shed, scatter; (n) rain shower, mop, separate, broom; (n, v) sift; (n)
peg, rum, whisky, xeres, sling, rainfall. ANTONYM: (n) trickle strainer, sifter, colander
usquebaugh; (n) sherris, manzanilla showing: (n) display, screening, sigh: (n, v) groan, suspire, murmur;
shielded: (adj) secure, safeguarded, exhibit, revelation, viewing, (v) breathe, languish, pine; (n)
sheltered, defended, screened, appearance, exhibition, exposition, breath, wail, whimper, whine,
watched over, enshield, enshielded, presentation, exposure; (adj) suspiration
sacred, safe, secured exhibiting sight: (n, v) vision, glimpse, show,
shining: (adj, v) brilliant; (adj) shrill: (adj) piercing, penetrating, aspect, appearance; (v) aim, spot,
lustrous, radiant, glossy, luminous, strident, keen, shrewd; (v) shriek, see; (n) view, prospect, scene
glorious, glowing; (adj, n) lucid, screech, scream, yell; (adj, v) high, sign: (n, v) mark, motion, gesture; (n)
resplendent, clear; (v) shine. sharp. ANTONYMS: (adj) low, portent, indication, manifestation,
ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, pale, quiet, resonant imprint, presage, brand, poster; (v)
blemished shrink: (adj, v) recoil; (n, v) flinch, indicate. ANTONYMS: (n)
shirt: (n) Jersey, chemise, blouse, hair wince; (v) contract, shorten, lessen, successor; (v) dismiss
shirt, dress shirt, evening shirt, polo diminish, cower, reduce, quail, signed: (adj) gestural, engaged,
shirt decrease. ANTONYMS: (v) increase, employed, communicatory,
shiver: (n, v) shake, tremble, shudder, enlarge, grow, stretch, swell, bloom, communicative, nonverbal
fragment, thrill, splinter, tingle; (v) rise, inflate significance: (n) sense, moment,
quake, shatter, palpitate; (adj, v) shudder: (adj, n, v) shake, quake, purport, connotation, meaning,
break tremble; (n, v) quiver, twitch, thrill; consequence, effect, intent, concern,
shivers: (n) cold, jitters (n) quivering, shivering, chill, importance, point. ANTONYMS: (n)
shook: (adj) shake, vibrate, addled, frisson; (v) flutter insignificance, triviality,
barrel, cask, confused, distressed, shuddering: (adj, n) quivering, unimportance, meaninglessness
hurt, passionate, puzzled shaking; (adv) shudderingly; (n) significant: (adj) material, grave,
shoot: (v) discharge, flash, drive, cold sweat, tremor; (adj) rough, meaningful, pregnant, relevant,
dart, dash, send, photograph; (n) shaky, jumpy, quaking, shivery, emphatic, indicative; (adj, v)
scion, branch; (n, v) sprout, hunt. bumpy. ANTONYM: (adj) smooth considerable, momentous,
ANTONYM: (v) trickle shut: (v) seal, bar, fasten, obstruct, influential, serious. ANTONYMS:
shop: (n) business, booth, boutique, lock, exclude; (adj) closed, cut; (n) (adj) minor, unimportant, small,
factory, plant, emporium, shutting, end, finish. ANTONYMS: trivial, dubious, hidden, immaterial,
workshop, market; (v) betray, (v) admit, undo irrelevant, meaningless, secretive,
purchase, grass. ANTONYM: (v) sick: (adj) ill, queasy, poorly, ailing, nonsignificant
boycott weary, diseased, sickly, morbid; signs: (n) situation, indications,
signage, appearances, cipher, dishonesty, hypocrisy, flippancy, open, commend
cryptogram, discriminating marks, frivolity, affectedness, caution, slandered: (adj) bespattered,
indicia, secret code, secret language, reticence, deceit, doubt calumniated
symbols sing: (v) hymn, hum, chirp, drone, slap: (n, v) clap, cuff, knock, hit,
silence: (adj, n, v) calm, still; (int, n, intone, vocalize, pipe, carol, snitch; whack, beat, strike, spank; (n) blow;
v) hush; (n, v) lull; (n) mum; (adj, v) (n, v) twitter, squeak (v) buffet; (adv) bang
appease; (v) mute, allay, pacify, singing: (v) sing; (n) chanting, slapped: (adj) mistreated
muzzle; (int, v) shut up. caroling, crooning, hymnody, slave: (n) servant, bondman, thrall,
ANTONYMS: (n) sound, openness, humming, intonation, scat, bondsman, bondwoman, captive,
uproar, movement; (v) amplify, psalmody, harmonization; (adj) vassal; (n, v) labor; (v) drudge,
Louden, encourage, rouse cantabile. ANTONYM: (adj) silent work; (adj, n) inferior. ANTONYMS:
silent: (adj, adv) motionless; (adj) single: (adj) celibate, odd, particular, (adj) free; (v) slack
dumb, tacit, mute, noiseless, separate, solitary, isolated, sole, slavery: (adj, n) bondage, involuntary
reserved, placid, reticent, mum, lone, lonely, simple; (adj, n) one. servitude; (n) servitude, drudgery,
taciturn, hush. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) double, thraldom, thrall, yoke, travail,
spoken, talkative, loud, explicit, multiple, divorced, attached, dual, vassalage, thralldom, toil.
open, live, forthcoming, verbal, involved, widowed, general, ANTONYMS: (n) liberty, freedom
audible, talking, moving common; (n) record slavish: (adj) servile, menial,
silently: (adv) mutely, stilly, quietly, sink: (n, v) sag, dip; (v) decline, fall, fawning, cringing, abject,
noiselessly, soundlessly, taciturnly, set, descend, drop, fell, subside, obsequious, subservient,
wordlessly, secretly, speechlessly, settle; (adj, n, v) droop. submissive, ignoble, contemptible,
placidly, tacitly. ANTONYMS: (adv) ANTONYMS: (v) rise, float, pliant
loudly, audibly, openly, brazenly improve, increase, recover, drift, sledge: (n) toboggan, sleigh, maul,
silly: (adj) ridiculous, absurd, ascend, raise bobsleigh, sledge hammer, pung,
childish, fatuous, irrational, sinking: (n) sinkage, settling, fall, dog sleigh, dogsled, bottom, jumper;
frivolous, idiotic, preposterous, descent, foundering, depression, (n, v) sledgehammer
unreasonable; (adj, n) fool; (n) immersion, submersion, sleep: (n, v) nap, repose, doze, kip,
imbecile. ANTONYMS: (adj) submergence; (v) decrease, decline. slumber, catnap; (adj, n, v) lie; (v)
mature, wise, rational, clever, ANTONYM: (adj) rising hibernate, nod; (n) dream; (adj, v)
advisable, profound, reasonable, sinning: (n) sin, hell, evildoing, lodge. ANTONYMS: (v) awaken; (n)
responsible, significant original sin, mortal sin; (adj) errant, alertness, agitation
simple: (adj, n) plain, humble, corrupt, faulty, morbid, peccant, evil sleet: (n, v) rain; (n) hail, snift,
innocent, rustic; (adj) homely, sitting: (n) session, seat, seance, downfall, glaze, metabolic residue,
elementary, natural; (adj, v) pure, meeting, seating, conference, posing; moment; (v) come down
clear, mere, downright. (adj) seated, inactive; (v) incubation, sleight: (adj, n) trick; (n) dexterity,
ANTONYMS: (adj) complex, batching. ANTONYMS: (adj) imposture, skill, manual dexterity,
complicated, compound, elaborate, standing, active guile; (adj) facility, knack,
difficult, multiple, obscure, ornate, sixteen: (n) large integer proficiency, callidity, competence
problematical, sophisticated, sixty: (adj) threescore; (n) three score, slight: (adj, adv) light; (adj) thin,
confusing large integer, lux flimsy, slender, fragile, petty, little;
simplest: (adj) rudimentary skilfully: (adv) skillfully, adroitly, (adv, n, v) neglect; (n, v) insult,
simply: (adj, adv) only, exclusively, cunningly, proficiently, deftly, scorn; (v) ignore. ANTONYMS: (adj)
barely; (adv) just, alone, directly, adeptly, expertly, handily, artfully, considerable, major, obvious,
purely, absolutely, easily, plainly; goodly, ably thickset, severe, wide, fat, intense,
(adj) straightforward. ANTONYMS: skill: (n) artifice, capacity, capability, heavy, likely; (v) acknowledge
(adv) elaborately, ornately, knack, ability, faculty, finesse, slightest: (adj) minimal, first, smallest
majestically, covertly, dishonestly, cleverness, expertise; (adj, n) craft, amount
incoherently, obscurely, cunning. ANTONYMS: (n) slightly: (adv) slenderly, slimly,
pretentiously clumsiness, incompetence, lightly, somewhat, little, thinly,
sincerely: (adv) candidly, honestly, uselessness, stupidity, ineptness, moderately, weakly, faintly,
really, genuinely, heartily, openly, tactlessness, inexperience, trivially, unimportantly.
earnestly, simply, truly, seriously, ignorance, inaccuracy, delay, ANTONYMS: (adv) significantly,
unreservedly. ANTONYMS: (adv) drawback infinitely, excessively, terribly,
dishonestly, affectedly, flippantly, skin: (n) hide, fur, rind, coating, shell, tremendously, solidly, particularly,
jokingly, untruthfully, hull; (v) pare, scrape, excoriate, flay; much, considerably, seriously,
unenthusiastically, pretentiously, (n, v) bark intensely
mildly skinned: (adj) scraped, dartos, slink: (n, v) sneak; (v) creep, lurk,
sincerity: (adj, n) candor, honesty, frustrated, raw, scratched, sensitive, slip, prowl, steal, glide, slide; (n)
integrity, probity, faithfulness; (n) sore, tender, painful flinch, fight shy, shy
earnestness, heartiness, slam: (n, v) knock, slap, smash, hit, slovenly: (adj) careless, untidy,
genuineness, candour, frankness, bat; (n) sweep, crash, clap, shot, sloppy, frowzy, dowdy, unkempt,
cordiality. ANTONYMS: (n) gibe; (v) shut. ANTONYMS: (v) negligent, frowsy, messy,
disheveled; (adv) slatternly. clack, go; (n) pushover, picnic, catch. ANTONYMS: (adv) hoarsely,
ANTONYMS: (adj) clean, neat, ANTONYMS: (adj) roundabout, roughly, loudly, clearly, harshly,
diligent considered forte, severely, strongly, heavily,
slow: (adj, v) slack; (adj) dull, snapped: (adj) torn convincingly, brightly
sluggish, heavy, stupid, lazy, snatched: (adj) hasty, speedy, brief, soil: (adj, n) dirt; (adj, v) smudge; (v)
indolent, inactive; (adj, adv) easy, hurried, quick, rapid, short, sudden, pollute, dirty, contaminate, mire; (n,
behind; (adj, n) gradual. swift. ANTONYM: (adj) slow v) grime; (n) land, dust, earth; (adj,
ANTONYMS: (adj) intelligent, snigger: (n, v) giggle, snicker, n, v) blot. ANTONYMS: (v) wash,
rapid, bright, speedy, alert, brisk, chuckle, laugh, titter, chortle, sneer, cleanse, purify; (n) sea
quick, prompt, hasty, rushed; (v) gurgle; (v) cackle, laugh quietly; (n) sold: (adj) depleted, interested; (v) to
accelerate laughter market
slowly: (adj, adv, v) slow; (adv) snow: (n) cocaine, precipitation, soldiers: (n) military, troop, force, the
deliberately, sluggishly, tediously, snowfall, bark, barque; (v) military, troops, defense force,
dully, gradually, unhurriedly, overwhelm, beguile, hoodwink, military service, militia, soldiery,
slackly, lethargically, belatedly; (adj, bamboozle, lead by the nose, play Territorial Army, armed forces
adv) lento. ANTONYMS: (adv) fast, false sole: (n) bottom, flounder, base; (adj)
hurriedly, promptly, rapidly, snowy: (adj) white, pure, clean, single, singular, one, exclusive,
immediately, briefly, intelligently, blank, hoary, achromatic, snow- individual, only, alone, solitary.
vigorously, brightly, nimbly, white, unblemished, wintry, wet, ANTONYM: (adj) common
punctually favorite solely: (adj, adv) exclusively, merely,
sluggard: (n) loafer, idler, slugabed, snub: (n, v) repulse, insult, cut, slight, only, alone, barely; (adv) just, but,
slacker, layabout, lazybones; (n, v) put down; (v) disregard, offend, entirely, wholly, purely, completely
drone; (v) loiterer, lingerer, lag; (adj) ignore, check, humiliate; (n) rebuke. solemn: (adj, n, v) serious; (adj, v)
sluggish ANTONYMS: (v) accept, sober, important, sedate, devout,
slumbering: (adj) dormant, asleep, acknowledge, notice, boost, include; formal, demure; (adj) heavy,
latent. ANTONYM: (adj) awake (n) acceptance dignified, sacred; (adj, n) earnest.
smaller: (adj) littler, inferior, lesser, snug: (adj, v) cosy, trim; (adj) cozy, ANTONYMS: (adj) frivolous,
less, little, shorter, lower, littlest, easy, comfy, tight, close, warm, cheerful, unceremonious, funny,
subordinate secure, homely; (v) neat. playful, flippant, relaxed
smallest: (adj) least, minimal, littlest, ANTONYMS: (adj) baggy, solemnly: (adv) earnestly, gravely,
lowest, last, first, negligible, smallest uncomfortable, unwelcoming, bleak, majestically, stately, sternly, staidly,
number of, bottom, littler. formal, loose thoughtfully, soberly, formally,
ANTONYM: (adj) maximum snuggling: (n) smooching, petting, ceremoniously, importantly.
smarting: (adj) painful, burning, sore; necking, cuddling, hugging, kissing, ANTONYMS: (adv) cheerfully,
(n) ache, pain, hurting, bite, caressing, snogging, gorgerin, flippantly
throbbing, hurt, soreness, sting arousal, foreplay solitary: (adj) forlorn, only, alone,
smash: (n, v) crash, hit, bang, clash, soaked: (adj) wet, drenched, sopping, single, lonely, lone, sole,
knock; (v) shatter, crush, mash, soggy, soaking, drunk, wet through, unaccompanied, isolated; (adj, n)
break, defeat, ruin. ANTONYMS: soaking wet, damp, sloshed; (adj, v) recluse; (n) hermit. ANTONYMS:
(v) mend, preserve; (n) flop sodden. ANTONYM: (adj) dry (adj) sociable, combined, common,
smell: (n, v) odor, scent, savor, sobbing: (adj) crying, weeping, outgoing
perfume, stink, stench; (v) nose; (n) weepy, tearful; (n) lamentation, solitude: (n) desolation, loneliness,
fragrance, bouquet, savour, odour shortness of breath, shit, prick, seclusion, privacy, aloneness,
smile: (n) grin, grinning, smiling, motherfucker, tear, lament isolation, retirement, lonesomeness,
luck, facial expression; (v) laugh, so-called: (adj) nominal, ostensible, retreat, desert, solitariness.
beam, chuckle, simper; (n, v) pretended, false, quasi, sham, mock ANTONYMS: (n) companionship,
grimace; (adv) smilingly. sofa: (n) couch, lounge, divan, bench, closeness
ANTONYMS: (n, v) scowl; (v) davenport, seat, squab, chair, form, solution: (n) dissolution, resolution,
glower convertible, daybed dilution, answer, settlement, resolve,
smiling: (adv) smilingly; (adj) bright, soft: (adj, adv) easy, quiet; (adj) limp, determination, key, result,
cheerful, jolly, joyful, of good cheer, light, balmy, delicate, slack, loose, explanation, remedy. ANTONYMS:
twinkly, fair, sunny; (n) grinning, smooth; (adj, v) feeble; (adj, adv, v) (n) quandary, solid, poison, problem
grin. ANTONYMS: (adj) sad, low. ANTONYMS: (adj) hard, firm, somebody: (n) person, personage,
gloomy harsh, loud, hoarse, stiff, rough, mortal, man, creature, notable,
smoothly: (adv) easily, evenly, solid, strong, shrill, alcoholic human; (n, pron) someone; (adj, n)
calmly, swimmingly, sleekly, softened: (adj) diffused, muffled, celebrity; (pron) anybody; (adj)
fluently, flatly, softly, quietly, oily; muted, quiet, slow, touched, notability. ANTONYM: (n)
(adj, adv) readily. ANTONYMS: sluggish, soften, pultaceous, nonentity
(adv) unevenly, harshly, abrasively, subdued, low-key somehow: (adv) anyhow, anyway,
awkwardly, huskily, hesitantly softly: (adv) quietly, mildly, lightly, for some reason, somewhat,
snap: (v) bite, nip, snarl; (adj, v) tenderly, delicately, gently, soft, someway, someways, a little, in
break; (n, v) photograph, fracture, quiet, silently, kindly, slowly. some manner, in some way, very,
somehow or other mind, essence, life, self; (adj, n) appearance, spectacles, view,
someone: (n) individual, person, heart. ANTONYMS: (n) surface, wonder; (n, v) sight, parade.
human, self, party, man, one, soul, body ANTONYM: (n) understatement
buster; (pron) anybody, anyone sound: (n, v) chime, echo, peal; (adj) spectacles: (n) glasses, specs,
somewhat: (adv) slightly, a little, reasonable, complete, healthy, spectacle, eyeglass, goggles,
fairly, a bit, reasonably, pretty, sensible, sane, rational; (adj, v) fit, lorgnette, monocle, bifocals, dark
moderately, sort of; (adv, v) little; fast. ANTONYMS: (adj) illogical, glasses, optical instrument, shades
(adv, pron) partly; (adj, adv) unsound, confused, unreliable, speech: (n) lecture, expression,
something. ANTONYMS: (adv) flawed, flimsy, silent, weak, language, conversation, sermon,
considerably, very, unreasonably, unreasonable; (n) silence; (v) diction, communication; (n, v)
totally, hugely, completely, closely, devoice delivery, discourse, say, saying
massively, absolutely, wholly space: (n) gap, scope, opening, spell: (n) magic, fascination, bout,
somewhere: (adv) someplace, period, place, void, margin, latitude, conjuration, period, incantation,
approximately, anyplace, about, extent, emptiness, distance. sorcery, enchantment, turn, span,
wherever, where, roughly, ANTONYM: (n) mess bewitchment. ANTONYM: (n)
everywhere, around, passim, spain: (n) spains, Espana alertness
ultimately spare: (adj, v) free, reserve, save, thin; spend: (v) expend, exhaust,
song: (adj, v) lay; (n, v) ditty, chant; (adj) slender, slight, additional, lean; squander, pay out, blow, deplete,
(n) air, strain, cry, warble, canto, (adj, n) extra, excess; (v) exempt. pass, wear, lead; (adj, v) waste; (n)
poem; (v) sing; (adj) ballad ANTONYMS: (n) shortfall, original; outlay. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve,
soon: (adv) shortly, presently, anon, (adj) principal, fat, basic, abundant, earn, hoard, keep
immediately, directly, at once, stout; (v) need, include spent: (adj, v) prostrate; (adj)
before long, betimes, quickly, spark: (n, v) flicker, flash, gleam, fatigued, expended, finished, gone,
promptly; (adj, adv) early. glint, glitter; (n) light, glimmer, arc, dead, played out, effete, jaded, tired;
ANTONYMS: (adv) now, flame, fire; (v) activate (v) spend. ANTONYM: (adj)
eventually, later, slowly sparrows: (n) sparrow, finches, order energetic
sooner: (adj, adv) rather, earlier, Passeriformes, Passeriformes, sphere: (n) region, range, province,
before, preferably, instead; (adv) robins, rooks, etc domain, realm, area, department,
first, before now, faster, previously, spat: (n, v) squabble, altercation, tiff, round, ball, circle, globe
beforehand; (adj) prior bicker, dispute, wrangle, row; (n) spindly: (adj) lank, lanky, gangling,
soothing: (adj) calming, soft, smooth, gaiter, argument, bickering, fuss. flimsy, rangy, lathy, thinner, fragile,
pacifying, quiet, restful, bland, calm, ANTONYM: (n) agreement weak, stringy, lean
assuasive; (adj, n) softening; (n) speak: (adj, v) pronounce, utter; (v) spirit: (n, v) courage, mind; (n) mood,
alleviation. ANTONYMS: (adj) converse, say, deliver, articulate, ghost, apparition, disposition,
upsetting, disturbing, hostile, scary, recite, talk, discourse, lecture; (n) energy, essence, soul, phantom; (adj,
worrying, stimulating, exasperating, language n) animation. ANTONYMS: (n)
annoying, invigorating, painful, speaking: (n) talk, discourse, speech, lethargy, body, cowardice, surface,
intimidating public speaking, reading, oral sluggishness, lifelessness, defeatism
sorrow: (n, v) regret, lament, grieve; presentation, recital, recitation, spiritless: (adj) listless, inanimate,
(v) mourn; (n) mourning, heartache, disputation; (v) speak; (adj) languid, flat, cheerless, soulless,
repentance, remorse; (adj, n) expressive. ANTONYMS: (adj) dead, depressed; (adj, v) feeble, low;
sadness, misery; (adj, n, v) distress. nonspeaking, silent (v) soft. ANTONYMS: (adj) brave,
ANTONYMS: (n) joy, delight, speaks: (n) talks lively, happy, decisive
happiness, peace, hopefulness, specialist: (n) authority, professional, spit: (v) drizzle, expectorate, sprinkle,
cheerfulness, shamelessness, calm, medical specialist, connoisseur, spew, drool, spike, spatter; (n)
content; (v) rejoice decorator, general practitioner, broach, saliva, cape; (n, v) skewer
sorrowful: (adj) melancholy, doleful, educationalist, educationist, spite: (n) malice, grudge, hatred,
sad, rueful, lugubrious, gloomy, graphologist; (adj) proficient, malevolence, rancour, venom,
dreary, grievous, piteous, unhappy, specialized. ANTONYMS: (n) rancor, maliciousness, ill will,
mournful. ANTONYMS: (adj) generalist; (adj) inferior animosity; (n, v) pique.
cheerful, content, joyful, successful specially: (adv) especially, peculiarly, ANTONYMS: (v) please; (n)
sorry: (adj) pathetic, sorrowful, specifically, extraordinarily, benevolence, goodwill, love,
remorseful, contrite, pitiful, pitiable, exceptionally, unusually, affection, harmony
piteous, penitent, paltry, base, sad. exclusively, expressly, in particular, spiteful: (adj) malicious, malevolent,
ANTONYMS: (adj) glad, happy, particular, distinctively. sinister, nasty, malignant,
admirable, unremorseful, fine ANTONYM: (adv) generally venomous, despiteful, ill-natured,
sorts: (n) varieties, sorting, running species: (adj, n) sort, class, genus, vindictive, cruel, hateful.
pi, batter nature, description, character; (n, v) ANTONYMS: (adj) benevolent,
sought: (adj) required, quest, seeking, breed; (n) appearance, form, variety, harmless, merciful, kindhearted,
popular type friendly, pleasant, loving, benign,
soul: (n) creature, human, person, spectacle: (n) scene, pageant, display, generous, gentle, flattering
personification, ghost, individual, exhibition, phenomenon, spitefully: (adv) maliciously,
malevolently, resentfully, speckle, fleck, dirty, dapple; (adj, n, reviewing stand, rack
vindictively, viciously, venomously, v) stain, soil; (n) dot, space stare: (n, v) gaze, look; (v) gape, glare,
malignantly, meanly, nastily, sprawling: (adj) sprawled, roomy, peer, squint, goggle, see, outface; (n)
rancorously, hatefully. sizeable, untidy, straggling, regard, contemplation. ANTONYM:
ANTONYMS: (adv) kindly, friendly, expansive, sprawly, wide, extensive; (v) glance
harmoniously, genially, mercifully, (adv) asprawl; (n) attitude. staring: (adj) conspicuous, garish,
benevolently, compassionately, ANTONYM: (adj) narrow agaze, vivid, noisy, showy, fixed,
innocently squabbling: (n) contention, opened, glassy; (adv) staringly
spitting: (n) spiting, expectoration, argument, bickering, altercation, started: (adv) happening, in progress,
ejection, sizzle, projection, forcing internal strife, backbiting ongoing; (v) stert, leaped
out, expulsion, saliva square: (n) area, rectangle; (adj) starting: (adj) opening, initial; (n)
spleen: (n) spite, anger, resentment, rectangular, fair, honest; (adj, v) start, commencement, first, outset,
rage, lien, malice, bitterness, even, correspond, agree; (v) settle; kickoff, origin, departure,
rancour, huff, grudge, rancor. (adv, n) foursquare; (adj, adv) just. origination, onset
ANTONYM: (n) affection ANTONYMS: (adj) round, station: (adj, n, v) rank, standing; (v)
splendid: (adj, n, v) illustrious, underhand, trendy, fresh, activist, locate, put; (n, v) post, seat, position,
glorious; (adj) gorgeous, beautiful, relaxed stand, base, site, order
royal, gallant, proud; (adj, n) squeezed: (adj) cramped statistical: (adj) arithmetical,
magnificent, noble, grand; (adj, v) stage: (n, v) phase; (n) floor, point, algebraic, analytic, random,
brilliant. ANTONYMS: (adj) period, level, degree, proscenium, computable, mathematical,
unimpressive, modest, humble, arena, layer; (v) present, order arithmetic, numerable, numeric,
ordinary, undistinguished, meager, stain: (n, v) spot, blemish, tarnish, calculable, numerical
awful, dire, lowly, inglorious, blot, dye, smear, disgrace, mark, stay: (adj, n, v) remain; (n, v) rest,
shabby soil, dirt, defile. ANTONYMS: (v) prop, stop, delay, abide, continue,
split: (adj, n, v) break, cut; (n, v) rip, enhance, dignify, clean pause, endure, halt, support.
rupture, fracture, slit, tear, burst, stairs: (n) stair, ladder, staircase, ANTONYMS: (v) change, abscond,
divorce; (v) divide, separate. stairway, flight of steps, flight, steps, depart, move, disappear, become, go
ANTONYMS: (v) join, unite, merge, flight of stairs, escalator, stayed: (v) staid, serious, philosophic,
converge, combine; (n) union, unity, companionway, backstairs sedate, platonic, stoical; (n) stays;
marriage, convergence, closure; (n, stammering: (n) hesitation, hesitancy, (adj) late
v) mend psellism, indistinct pronunciation, stealthy: (adj) clandestine, secret,
spoiled: (adj) bad, rotten, stale, spoil, doubt; (adj) halting, hesitating, surreptitious, sneaky, covert,
coddled, pampered, corrupt, inarticulate, incoherent, broken, private, backstairs, concealed, feline;
damaged, spoilt, putrid, rancid. ashamed (adj, v) sly, insidious. ANTONYM:
ANTONYM: (adj) unspoiled stamp: (n, v) print, imprint, mark, (adj) blatant
spoke: (n) bar, rung, radius, rule, seal, brand, impress, cast, punch, steamy: (adj) torrid, muggy, hazy,
shoe, skid, rundle, line, clog, round; shape; (v) trample; (n) impression damp, misty, hot, tropical, sultry,
(v) said stamping: (n) impression, blocking, erotic, sexy, passionate.
spoken: (adj) verbal, expressed, coin, postage, stamping of rail ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, temperate,
speaking, speak, unwritten, vocal, stand: (v) endure, undergo; (n) rack, fresh
voiced, talk, said, informal, booth, attitude, base, pedestal; (n, v) stench: (n, v) reek, smell; (n) niff,
conversational. ANTONYMS: (adj) live, position; (adj, v) suffer, tolerate. fetor, odor, malodour, malodor,
written, unspoken, tacit, formal, ANTONYMS: (v) sit, lie, yield, mephitis, odour, foetor, fetidness
silent forbid; (n) top step: (n) stage, degree, rank, level,
sponge: (n) parasite, leech, sponger; standard: (n) degree, flag, criterion, gait, gradation, footprint; (n, v)
(v) cadge, scrounge, bum, mooch, rate, norm, gauge, benchmark; (n, v) walk, measure, stride; (v) tread
soaker, efface, crawl; (adj, v) wipe measure; (adj) normal, regular; (adj, stepped: (v) advanced, gone, stopen
spontaneously: (adv) naturally, n) average. ANTONYMS: (adj) steps: (n) step, stairs, staircase,
unaffectedly, impromptu, willingly, unconventional, special, unknown, stairway, flight, stepladder, scale,
gratuitously, instinctively, substandard, nonstandard, extreme, backstairs, companionway,
impulsively, ad lib, easily; (adj, adv) unacceptable, new, exceptional, escalator, stair
freely, ad libitum. ANTONYM: unorthodox, atypical stern: (adj) rigid, rigorous, austere,
(adv) deliberately standing: (n) fame, position, hard, strict, grim, solemn, rough;
sport: (n, v) play, pastime, jest, importance, prestige, place, (adj, v) harsh; (n) back; (adj, n) rear.
diversion, romp, joke, disport, reputation, footing; (adj) erect, ANTONYMS: (adj) friendly,
gambol; (n) fun, amusement, motionless, continuance; (n, v) approving, lenient, funny, genial,
recreation. ANTONYMS: (n) work; stand. ANTONYMS: (adj) seated, gentle, kindly, lax, liberal, cheerful,
(v) conceal moving, horizontal, falling, flexible
sportive: (adj) frolicsome, jocund, temporary stick: (adj, v) adhere, cohere; (n, v)
gay, jolly, cheerful, lively, merry, stands: (n) bleachers, stood, stab, paste, staff; (v) cling, attach, fix,
rollicking, mirthful, vivacious, blithe grandstand, standing, stop, covered bind, affix; (n) bar. ANTONYMS: (v)
spot: (n, v) place, speck, blemish, stand, standpoint, stall, sales booth, detach, open, undo
sticking: (n) soldering, adhesion; stultify, bore, steady, stifle, (adj, adv, v) direct; (adj, adv, n)
(adj) adhering, clinging, glutinous, suppress; (n) quiet, peace; (n, v) right; (adj, adv) level, flat.
viscous, stuck, projected, tenacious, calm ANTONYMS: (adj) diluted, zigzag,
closefisted, cohesive stirred: (adj) excited, agitated, winding, curly, curved, curvy,
sticks: (n) backwoods, firewood, moved, affected, aroused, twisted, wavy, knotted, askew;
frontier, outskirts, suburb, town, emotional, aflame, Stirn, horny, (adv) indirectly
wilderness, brushwood, high sticks; susceptible, stirred up straightforward: (adj) direct, open,
(adj) distant stirring: (adj) lively, exciting, alive, square, simple, candid, plain,
stiff: (adj) hard, formal, inflexible, rousing, spirited, touching, thrilling, honest, sincere, forthright,
difficult, rigorous, numb, firm, active; (n) agitation; (v) eventful, immediate, frank. ANTONYMS:
sturdy; (adj, n) stark, severe; (n) brisk. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) difficult, tricky, deceitful,
corpse. ANTONYMS: (adj) soft, depressing, boring, inactive, dull, complex, mysterious, pompous,
supple, flexible, floppy, pliable, free, conciliatory, asleep, uninspiring, devious, ambiguous, dishonest,
easy, loose, informal, mild, pliant unimpressive; (n) suppression disingenuous, evasive
stiffly: (adv) firmly, stiff, awkwardly, stole: (n) wrap, stolen, scarf, stolon, straightforwardness: (n) directness,
unbendingly, difficultly, woodenly, stealing, robe, alb, tunicle, surplice, frankness, candor, honesty,
strongly, formally, stringently, alba, cassock downrightness, forthrightness,
clumsily, strictly. ANTONYM: (adv) stolen: (adj) stealed, stole, stealing, outspokenness, openness, candour,
loosely steal, steals, furtive, stealthy, secret, singleness, simplicity. ANTONYMS:
stifle: (v) smother, suffocate, repress, taken, misbegotten, sly (n) craftiness, difficulty, guile,
dampen, muffle, extinguish, stone: (n) jewel, rock, pebble, gem, indirectness, dishonesty, caution,
strangle, quell, hush up, asphyxiate, calculus, gemstone, kernel, deceit
check. ANTONYMS: (v) express, concretion; (n, v) pit; (v) lapidate, strained: (adj) tense, labored, intense,
arouse, stimulate, light, exacerbate, pelt constrained, laboured, unnatural,
show stop: (int, n, v) hold, stand; (adj, n, v) nervous, affected, taut, artificial,
stifled: (adj) strangled, suppressed, stay, cease; (n, v) check, end, close, tight. ANTONYMS: (adj) natural,
muffled, deafened, completely block, bar, arrest; (v) obstruct. calm
covered, dead, deadened, weak, ANTONYMS: (n, v) continue; (v) strange: (adj) foreign, peculiar,
deaf corn, regardless, decayed begin, encourage, permit, prolong, unusual, abnormal, outlandish,
stifling: (adj) close, oppressive, persevere, expedite, accelerate; (n) irregular, odd, new, mysterious,
sweltering, stuffy, heavy, hot, torrid, continuation, proceed, go extraordinary, curious.
sticky; (n) crushing, quelling, stopped: (adj) stopped up, stoped, ANTONYMS: (adj) ordinary,
suppression. ANTONYMS: (adj) congested, unmoving, stop, normal, familiar, typical, usual,
fresh, airy, cool, temperate finished, stopen, stopt, blocked, conventional, explicable, sensible,
stillborn: (adj) unsuccessful, stopping, stops. ANTONYMS: (adj) mainstream, known, human
deadborn, not successful, unfruitful; unstopped, moving strangely: (adv) curiously, queerly,
(v) addle; (n) stillbirth stopping: (n) stoppage, cessation, unusually, funnily, peculiarly,
sting: (n, v) bite, hurt, con, pain; (v) shutdown, padding, fillet, weirdly, marvelously, uncommonly,
prick, itch, irritate, prickle, goad, suspension, stay, discontinuance, extraordinarily, singularly,
provoke, smart. ANTONYMS: (v) abeyance, interruption; (adv) bizarrely. ANTONYMS: (adv)
calm; (n) honesty haltingly typically, ordinarily, harmoniously
stinging: (adj) cutting, bitter, piquant, store: (n, v) stock, hoard, bank, cache, stranger: (n) foreigner, outsider,
prickling; (adj, v) caustic, acrid, supply; (n) shop, market, business; newcomer, outlander, immigrant,
piercing, poignant, biting, pungent, (v) accumulate, garner, keep. intruder, unknown, tramontane,
keen. ANTONYMS: (adj) stingless, ANTONYMS: (v) spend, delete; (n) trespasser; (adj) foreign, strange.
gentle dearth ANTONYMS: (n) pal, native,
stingy: (adj) mean, miserly, stored: (adj) saved, freighted, laden, associate, resident, familiar
avaricious, low, penurious, skimpy, filled, fraught, charged strangers: (n) stranger
greedy, niggard, frugal; (adj, v) storey: (n) floor, story, loft, layer, strangling: (n) strangle, throttling,
narrow, close. ANTONYMS: (adj) garret, cellar, mezzanine, basement, strangulation, asphyxiation,
generous, spendthrift, stage, structure, deck execution
magnanimous, extravagant stories: (n) tale straw: (n) rush, stalk, drinking straw,
stinking: (adj) malodorous, putrid, story: (n, v) history, tale, narrative; chaff, fig, bran; (adj) feather,
fetid, foul, smelly, loathsome, (n) recital, narration, report, account, cobweb, mote, gossamer; (v) strew
noisome, odorous, disgusting, level, legend, novel, stage. straying: (n) digression, departure,
funky, lousy. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYM: (n) fact error; (adj) errant, mistaking,
fragrant, clean, fresh stove: (n) cooker, hearth, heater, containing error, incorrect,
stir: (adj, n, v) move, bustle; (v) rouse, furnace, fireplace, kiln, oven, misleading, astray, mistaken,
arouse, affect, agitate, inspire; (adj, cooking stove, cookstove, kitchen erroneous
n) movement; (n) commotion, stove, kitchen range street: (n) road, avenue, way,
excitement, disturbance. straight: (adj) erect, honest, upright, highway, route, lane, neighborhood,
ANTONYMS: (v) dampen, retire, even, fair, perpendicular, correct; path, track, boulevard, Main Street
streets: (n) street stable, steady, solid, hard, lusty; (adj) wise, clever, bright, intelligent,
strength: (n, v) power; (n) energy, (adj, v) deep, sound; (adj, n, v) shrewd, prudent, responsible, smart,
firmness, endurance, stability, steadfast. ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, great, sensitive, useful
potency, health, soundness; (adj, n, pale, unconvincing, slight, feeble, stupidity: (n) foolishness, nonsense,
v) might; (adj, n) vigor, intensity. frail, bland, faint, delicate, mild, obtuseness, dullness, fatuity,
ANTONYMS: (n) frailty, lightweight absurdity, stolidity, slowness,
shortcoming, flaw, faintness, stronger: (adj) reprobate, insensible, denseness, idiocy, imbecility.
powerlessness, moderation, reproof, iniquity, hardening, ANTONYMS: (n) sense, logic,
limitation, instability, impotence, shameless, graceless, immoralities, cleverness, shrewdness, wisdom,
feebleness, disadvantage ministry; (v) Milman, misery ability
stretch: (adj, n, v) strain; (adj, v) strong-minded: (adj) determined, style: (n, v) name, call, entitle, cut;
extend, elongate, lengthen; (n) decisive, obstinate, hell-bent, (adj, n) manner, sort, kind; (n) form,
extent, expanse; (v) prolong, draw; headstrong pattern, method, mode.
(n, v) run, spread, range. struck: (adj, v) smitten; (v) stroke; ANTONYMS: (n) clumsiness,
ANTONYMS: (v) shorten, shrink, (adj) affected, afflicted, doting, tastelessness, coarseness, crudeness
withdraw, narrow, relax; (adj) dotty, enamored, gaga, hurt, in love, subdue: (adj, n, v) conquer; (v)
inflexible infatuated overpower, crush, defeat, quell,
stretched: (adj) extended, stiff, tight, struggle: (n, v) contest, battle, quash, suppress, restrain; (n, v)
tense, stretched out, strained, conflict, combat, strain, endeavor, reduce; (adj, v) repress; (adv, v)
expanded, outstretched, elongated, attempt, dispute, quarrel; (n) effort, control. ANTONYMS: (v) incite,
outspread, prolonged. exertion. ANTONYMS: (v) flourish; enliven, resist, submit
ANTONYMS: (adj) loose, short (n) ease, surrender, friendship subject: (n) matter, citizen, motif,
strictly: (adv) rigorously, severely, stubbornly: (adv) obdurately, question, issue, affair, point,
exactly, correctly, stringently, mulishly, persistently, doggedly, national; (adj, v) exposed; (adj, n)
sternly, rigidly, precisely, closely, tenaciously, unyieldingly, firmly, dependent, inferior. ANTONYMS:
literally, harshly. ANTONYMS: waywardly, contrarily, (n) foreigner, resolution; (adj)
(adv) loosely, leniently, pertinaciously, insistently. impervious
lightheartedly, negligently, ANTONYMS: (adv) feebly, subjugate: (v) conquer, overcome,
inaccurately, unlawfully, falsely, helpfully, openly, hesitantly repress, reduce, overpower, crush,
amenably stuck: (adj) stranded, jammed, dominate, master, overthrow,
strike: (n, v) hit, beat, bang, knock, delayed, fast; (adj, adv) aground; (n) defeat; (adj, v) subject.
assault, slap, clap, rap, smash; (v) stuck ware, thrust, sticking; (v) ANTONYMS: (v) liberate,
impress, move. ANTONYMS: (n) sticked, fasten, attach. ANTONYMS: surrender, lose
defense; (v) extinguish, defend (adj) unstuck, loose subjugated: (adj) beaten,
striking: (adj) outstanding, dramatic, student: (n) scholar, learner, disciple, downtrodden, overpowered,
spectacular, salient, imposing, pupil, apprentice, schoolboy, overcome, browbeaten, captive; (v)
conspicuous, vivid, remarkable, collegian, novice, pundit, savant, subdued, broken, broken friendship,
notable, astonishing; (n) strike. trainee. ANTONYM: (n) expert apart, blighted. ANTONYM: (adj)
ANTONYMS: (adj) ugly, ordinary, studs: (n) jewelry liberated
unimpressive, unremarkable, stuff: (v) fill, jam, pack, ram, squeeze, subjugation: (n) oppression,
inconspicuous, unattractive, pad; (n) material, cloth, matter, gear; subjection, repression, enslavement,
uninteresting, plain, insignificant, (n, v) force. ANTONYMS: (v) starve, servitude, captivity, victory,
humble, obscure unpack, empty domination, persecution, seizure;
strikingly: (adj, adv) notably, stuffing: (n) pad, filling, forcemeat, (adj) quietus. ANTONYMS: (n)
signally, unusually, singularly; (adv) farce, dressing, filler, fill, wadding, independence, liberty
prominently, stunningly, contents, inside, tompion sublime: (adj, v) majestic; (adj)
imposingly, impressively, markedly, stumbling: (adj) lurching, dignified, grand, lofty, magnificent,
outstandingly, obviously astounding, hesitant, halting, elevated, noble, exalted, glorious; (v)
strive: (v) endeavor, contend, contest, awkward, astonishing, maladroit, sacred, sublimate. ANTONYMS:
struggle, fight, attempt, combat, clumsy, weaving; (adv) stumblingly; (adj) poor, ridiculous
strain, work, aspire, aim (n) hesitation. ANTONYM: (adj) subscription: (n) donation,
striving: (n) nisus, pains, endeavor, firm agreement, approval, offering,
strife, try, strain, attempt, strive, stupefied: (adj) stunned, amazed, reservation, registration, gift, entry;
ambition, struggle, exertion. astonished, bewildered, astounded, (v) allowance, subvention, subsidy
ANTONYM: (adj) unmotivated dumbfounded, stupid, confused, subside: (v) diminish, decline, abate,
stroke: (adj, n) blow; (n, v) touch, flabbergasted, dumfounded, groggy. lessen, fall, sink, calm, descend,
caress, mark, buffet, lick, pat; (n) ANTONYMS: (adj) precise, collapse, dip, settle. ANTONYMS:
beat, hit, knock, bang unimpressed (v) strengthen, excite
stroll: (n, v) ramble, saunter, walk, stupid: (adj, n) foolish, silly, simple, subtle: (adj) delicate, sharp, nice,
amble, wander, promenade, tramp, absurd; (adj, adv, n) dull; (adj) acute, astute, insidious, exquisite,
hike; (v) roam, go for a walk, range idiotic, ridiculous, senseless, elusive; (adj, v) shrewd, sly, crafty.
strong: (adj) intense, able, firm, fatuous, crass, insane. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adj) loud, bright,
considerable, tactless, carbohydrate, love, beloved, low; (n) subordinate, associate
overpowering, harsh, concrete, dark jaggary; (adj, n) dear; (v) saccharify, superiority: (n) predominance,
succeed: (v) follow, arrive, prosper, sweeten, dulcify, edulcorate priority, excellence, mastery,
prevail, manage, supplant, ensue, suit: (adj, v) fit, please; (adj, n, v) precedence, preference, distinction,
supersede, do, achieve, flourish. correspond; (n) lawsuit, plea, action, supremacy, domination, eminence;
ANTONYMS: (v) fail, precede, lose, case; (v) adapt, accommodate, (adj, n) odds. ANTONYMS: (n)
botch, restore, neglect, Miss, become; (n, v) answer. ANTONYM: humility, weakness, friendliness,
deteriorate (v) clash mediocrity, simplicity
success: (n) conquest, prosperity, suitable: (adj, v) fit, proper, superstitious: (adj) superstition, false,
achievement, hit, passing, victory, convenient; (adj) good, apt, right, groundless, eerie, irrational,
effectiveness, accomplishment, eligible, pertinent, desirable, correct, fallacious
triumph, coup, achiever. fitting. ANTONYMS: (adj) suppose: (v) infer, guess, speculate,
ANTONYMS: (n) flop, inappropriate, wrong, improper, divine, presume, conjecture, reckon,
disappointment, prevention, inconvenient, untimely, amiss, imagine, estimate, consider, assume.
debacle, defeat, fruitlessness, unwise, unsatisfactory, unpleasant, ANTONYMS: (v) disbelieve, know,
poverty, dissatisfaction, inefficiency, unflattering, unfit measure, despair, doubt, speculate
criticism sullen: (adj, n) morose, sulky, sour; supposed: (adj) hypothetical,
successfully: (adv) victoriously, (adj) gloomy, gruff, glum, moody, reputed, alleged, assumed,
prosperously, happily, thrivingly, dark, cross, surly; (adj, v) grim. imaginary, putative, apparent,
luckily, effectively, triumphantly, ANTONYMS: (adj) bright, cheery; ostensible, suppositional,
efficiently, well, swimmingly, (n) cheeriness supposititious, suppositious.
rewardingly. ANTONYMS: (adv) sullenly: (adv) sulkily, sourly, ANTONYM: (adj) actual
ineffectively, unsuccessfully, grumpily, morosely, moodily, supposition: (n, v) conjecture; (n)
fruitlessly, inefficiently dourly, somberly, peevishly, surly, assumption, hypothesis,
sucking: (n) suck, intake, uptake, crossly, petulantly. ANTONYMS: presumption, premise, speculation,
aspiration, ingestion, consumption (adv) graciously, contentedly, surmise, guess, supposal, thought,
sudden: (adj) precipitous, quick, gladly, cheerily imagination. ANTONYMS: (n) fact,
abrupt, hasty, rash, unexpected, summon: (v) assemble, convene, knowledge, proof, reality, practice
steep, unforeseen, drastic, demand, ask, invoke, evoke, invite, suppressed: (adj) stifled, smothered,
immediate, swift. ANTONYMS: muster, page, rally, convoke. strangled, repressed, downtrodden,
(adj) considered, slow, gentle, ANTONYM: (v) disband buried, hidden, pent-up, latent,
leisurely, protracted, sensible, sunflower: (n) girasol, mirasol, untold; (n) subordinate.
smooth turnsole, showy sunflower, prairie ANTONYMS: (adj) publicized, overt
suddenly: (adj, adv) quickly, rapidly, sunflower, marigold, lettuces, sure: (adj) secure, reliable, safe,
immediately, presto; (adv) hastily, common sunflower, ragweed, indisputable, dependable, assured,
short, all at once, sudden, sharply, Asteraceae, goldenrod positive; (adj, v) steady, firm; (adv)
unexpectedly, instantly. sunny: (adj) bright, clear, gay, certainly; (adj, adv) for certain.
ANTONYMS: (adv) increasingly, cheerful, merry, blithe, shiny, ANTONYMS: (adj) doubtful,
predictably, slowly, gently, shining, radiant, brilliant, fair. uncertain, unsure, hesitant,
progressively, sensibly, eventually ANTONYMS: (adj) overcast, dull, humbled, dubious, indefinite,
suffer: (v) encounter, stand, accept, shady, unhappy, cloudy, sad, wavering, wobbly, unconvinced;
undergo, brook, experience, have, miserable, gloomy, unpleasant (adv) doubtfully
endure, abide, sustain; (adj, v) allow. superficial: (adj) shallow, external, surely: (adv) positively, definitely,
ANTONYMS: (v) enjoy, rejoice, sketchy, slight, outward, frivolous, confidently, securely, undoubtedly,
flourish exterior, surface, apparent, outer, clearly, firmly, assuredly,
suffered: (adj) permitted, permissive flimsy. ANTONYMS: (adj) innate, absolutely; (adj, adv) really; (adv,
sufferer: (n) victim, martyr, prey, deep, real, profound, permanent, int) of course. ANTONYMS: (adv)
casualty, invalid, depressive, inner, weighty, authentic, genuine, questionably, uncertain, weakly
diseased person, sick person, intense, serious surface: (n) superficies, grain; (v)
rheumatic, diabetic, neurotic superfluous: (adj, v) spare; (adj) emerge, appear, coat, come out; (adj,
suffering: (n) distress, agony, needless, extra, excess, excessive, n) exterior, outside; (n, v) face; (adj)
affliction, anguish, torture, grief, unnecessary, surplus, pointless, external, superficial. ANTONYMS:
torment, misery, hardship; (adj, n) superabundant, supernumerary, (adj, n) interior, middle, inside; (n)
hurt; (adj) miserable. ANTONYMS: supererogatory. ANTONYMS: (adj) core; (v) sink, submerge, fall; (adj)
(adj, n) content; (n) peace, ecstasy, indispensable, important, essential, deep, subsurface, overhead, inner
joy, pleasure basic, pertinent surging: (adj) rolling, billowing,
sufficiently: (adv) fully, superior: (adj) dominant, exceptional, boiling, heaving, seething, stormy,
satisfactorily, enough, amply, quite, predominant, better, great, proud, swelling, rising and falling; (n)
properly, competently, decently, arrogant, excellent, select, high; (adj, foaming, wash
abundantly, goodly, completely. n) elder. ANTONYMS: (adj, n) surname: (n) cognomen, name,
ANTONYM: (adv) inadequately inferior, subscript; (adj) humble, sobriquet, family name, soubriquet,
sugar: (n) darling, saccharide, worse, poor, adscript, junior, lesser, last name, nickname, maiden name,
moniker, first name, agnomen swagger: (n, v) strut, prance; (adj, n, sworn: (adj) extreme, mortal,
surprised: (adj) amazed, v) bluster; (v) boast, show off, implacable, engaged, dedicated,
dumbfounded, shocked, astounded, parade, ruffle, flourish; (adj, v) committed, betrothed, bespoken,
stunned, taken aback, bewildered, bully; (adj) groovy; (n) bragging affianced, inveterate
startled, surprise, aghast, to be swaggering: (adj) hectoring, tabulation: (n) tabular matter, table,
astonished. ANTONYM: (adj) swashbuckling, supercilious, sniffy, info, information, investigating,
unsurprised boastful, lordly, disdainful, prideful; investigation, list, return, tally,
surprising: (adj, n) marvelous, (v) swagger; (n) boasting, bravado. tabularization
strange, incredible; (adj) amazing, ANTONYM: (adj) insecure taciturn: (adj) silent, quiet, reserved,
remarkable, wonderful, shocking, swallow: (n, v) drink, gulp, taste, sip, uncommunicative, speechless,
extraordinary, striking, unusual; swig; (v) bolt, consume, devour, secretive, mute, withdrawn, distant,
(adj, v) startling. ANTONYMS: (adj) accept, stomach, endure. mum, incommunicative.
predictable, comforting, ordinary, ANTONYMS: (n, v) sip; (v) doubt, ANTONYMS: (adj) wordy, voluble,
normal, unremarkable expel, disbelieve, reject, express communicative, forthcoming, fluent,
surrender: (v) concede, abandon, give swarming: (adj) full, crowded, alive, open
up, capitulate, submit, deliver; (adj, packed, populous, sensitive, thick; tact: (n) diplomacy, delicacy, finesse,
n) resignation; (n, v) resign, render, (v) dense, crowded to suffocation, address, discretion, skill,
release; (n) capitulation. serried, closely packed. consideration, refinement, grace,
ANTONYMS: (v) conquer, ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, deserted thoughtfulness, tactfulness.
appropriate, persevere, subdue, sway: (n, v) command, rule, control, ANTONYMS: (n) frankness,
enforce; (n, v) fight, win; (n) capture, rock, stagger, roll; (v) oscillate, reel, carelessness, thoughtlessness,
confrontation, conquest, victory lurch, shake; (n) reign. insensitivity, clumsiness
surrounded: (adj) enclosed, ingirt, ANTONYMS: (v) stay, dissuade, tactics: (v) art of war; (n) strategy,
not independent, ringed, inside, discourage procedure, policy, plan, system,
rooted, conditioned, circumstanced, swear: (v) declare, assure, assert, method, scheme, military science,
bounded; (v) beset, furnished affirm, curse, pledge; (n, v) promise, castrametation, polity
surrounding: (prep) round, about; avow, depone, depose, aver. tactless: (adj) impolitic, maladroit,
(adj) encompassing, encircling, ANTONYMS: (v) distrust, refute, clumsy, tasteless, indiscreet,
environmental, circumambient, deny, compliment indelicate, blunt, thoughtless,
adjoining; (adv) around; (n) swearing: (n) curse, expletive, awkward, insensitive, inept.
surroundings, circumstances, profanity, oath, abuse, blasphemy, ANTONYMS: (adj) diplomatic,
enclosing swearword, execration, adjuration, thoughtful, discreet, considerate,
surroundings: (n) atmosphere, asseveration; (v) swear fitting, careful, tasteful, sensitive,
environment, environs, setting, sweat: (n, v) work, toil, struggle; (v) urbane, appropriate, kind
neighborhood, habitat, milieu, perspire, drudge, exude; (n) tailor: (v) sew, fashion, shape,
neighbourhood, scene, background, perspiration, lather, sudor, effort; accommodate, design, cut, adjust,
ambiance (adj) perspiring. ANTONYMS: (v) fit; (n) snip, dressmaker, sartor
suspect: (v) mistrust, suppose, ignore; (n) entertainment, ease, talk: (n, v) discourse, gossip,
distrust, conjecture, guess, surmise, relaxation converse, lecture, chatter, chat,
divine, disbelieve; (adj) fishy, sweet: (adj) fresh, mellow, lovable, address; (v) articulate, speak,
questionable, shady. ANTONYMS: dear, pleasant, musical, melodious, prattle; (n) language. ANTONYMS:
(adj) trustworthy, trusted, innocent, pleasing, sugary; (adj, v) lovely; (adj, (v) refuse; (n) silence
reliable, credible, aboveboard; (n) n) beloved. ANTONYMS: (adj) talking: (n) talk, conversation,
plaintiff; (v) know, believe discordant, bitter, acid, sharp, acidic, nothingness, speech, speaking,
suspected: (adj) supposed, doubted, pungent, salty, harsh, detestable, verbal communication, words, yak,
suspicious, suspicion, inspiring cacophonous, dry language; (adj) sound, levelheaded.
distrust, distrusted sweetly: (adv) pleasantly, sweet, ANTONYM: (adj) silent
suspicion: (n) distrust, inkling, mildly, melodically, melodiously, tall: (adj) elevated, high, exalted, big,
misgiving, hunch, qualm, scruple, softly, syrupily, beautifully, lanky, towering, eminent,
surmise, supposition; (n, v) doubt, pleasingly, dulcetly, fairly. unbelievable, strapping, long,
mistrust, fear. ANTONYMS: (n) ANTONYMS: (adv) discordantly, gangling. ANTONYMS: (adj) low,
certainty, knowledge, information, horribly, sharply, harshly, unkindly small, sensible, reasonable, little,
carelessness, recklessness, certitude sweetness: (n) sugariness, sweet, believable, easy, stocky
suspicious: (adj) questionable, redolence, pleasantness, fragrance, tangent: (n) digression, aside, tan,
distrustful, shady, queer, doubtful, aroma, charm, perfume, amenity, grade, departure, burn, tack, suntan,
dubious, incredulous, fishy, funny, niceness, kindness. ANTONYMS: sunburn, straight line
jealous, mistrustful. ANTONYMS: (n) sourness, sharpness, tangle: (v) entangle, embroil, enmesh,
(adj) gullible, trustworthy, unpleasantness, harshness, embrangle, ruffle, mat; (n) maze,
aggressive, aboveboard, certain, tastelessness, unkindness confusion; (n, v) jumble, muddle,
unsuspecting, unquestionable, sword: (n) blade, sabre, brand, knot. ANTONYMS: (n) order, line,
believable, straight, palpable, broadsword, falchion, cutlass, saber, peace; (v) unravel, undo, untangle,
innocent steel, glaive, backsword, cutlas straighten
taste: (n, v) relish, sample, smack, increase; (n) composure, happiness, ideal, academic, impractical,
touch; (n) flavor, liking, penchant, wrath, equanimity notional, pure, supposed,
morsel, bit, drop, fondness. temples: (n) brow suppositional; (adj, v) speculative,
ANTONYMS: (n) dislike, tender: (n, v) offer, proffer, bid; (adj, conjectural. ANTONYMS: (adj)
tastelessness, disinclination, hate, v) affectionate; (adj) painful, concrete, real, scientific, proven,
lot, coarseness, uncouthness; (v) sensitive, soft, loving, sore; (v) realistic, applied, factual, empirical,
abstain, refrain propose, present. ANTONYMS: actual
tatters: (n) rags, clothing (adj) hardhearted, rubbery, hard, theory: (n) supposition, assumption,
taunting: (n) twit, taunt, ridicule, rough, uncaring, healthy, mature, conjecture, hypothesis, speculation,
scorn, witty; (adj) mocking, gibelike, unfeeling, cold, experienced; (v) guess, idea, opinion, surmise,
sarcastic, jeering, unkind; (adj, n) withdraw presumption, belief. ANTONYMS:
satirical term: (n, v) name, call, title, style, (n) reality, practice, proof
taunts: (n) mocking, jeers designate; (n) period, expression, thickly: (adv) deeply, heavily, thick,
tavern: (n) hotel, saloon, bar, inn, boundary, spell, time, limit viscously, thicksetly, solidly, dully,
pub, public house, pothouse, terms: (n) conditions, provision, dumbly, compactly, closely,
taphouse, cabaret, khan, hostelry stipulation, terminology, price, turbidly. ANTONYMS: (adv) thinly,
teach: (v) enlighten, educate, instruct, proposition, lemma, cost, footing, finely, slightly, sparsely, loosely,
coach, indoctrinate, drill, learn, damage, specifications distinctly
lecture, school; (adj, v) guide, show terrestrial: (adj) earthly, mundane, thief: (n) burglar, bandit, pirate,
teaching: (n) education, instruction, worldly, terrene, sublunary, plunderer, filcher, stealer,
indoctrination, precept, pedagogy, sublunar, telluric, planetary, pickpocket, pilferer, crook, brigand,
schooling, doctrine, training, lesson, tellurian, land, global. ANTONYMS: despoiler
advice, tuition (adj) otherworldly, amphibious, thin: (adj) tenuous, flimsy, light, fine,
tear: (n, v) rip, break, split, rupture, cosmic, heavenly, spiritual emaciated; (adj, v) lean, gaunt,
crack, run, slit; (v) pull, rend, terrible: (adj) horrible, dreadful, slight, sheer, meager, dilute.
lacerate; (adj, v) rush. ANTONYMS: horrid, monstrous, abominable, ANTONYMS: (adj) fat,
(v) wait, mend, idle, fix, amble, ghastly, dire, appalling, fearful, concentrated, chubby, plump, wide,
dawdle awful, hideous. ANTONYMS: (adj) heavy, broad, strong, resonant,
tearfully: (adv) tearily, weepily, lovely, pleasant, great, laudable, solid; (v) thicken
dolorously, lachrymosely, waterily, excellent, superb, mild, slight, thinking: (n) consideration, idea,
sadly, sorrowfully, maudlinly, minor, brilliant, insignificant opinion, reasoning, intellection,
mournfully, wetly, whimperingly terror: (n, v) alarm, scare; (adj, n) cogitation, conception,
tearing: (adj) fierce, violent, dread, awe; (n) fear, dismay, contemplation; (adj) intelligent,
vehement, furious, ripping, consternation, horror, panic, thoughtful, meditative
ferocious; (n) lachrymation, apprehension, scourge. thinner: (n) dilutant, solvent, reducer,
lacrimation, riving ahead, tear, ANTONYMS: (n) peace, security, rarefied, phenylic acid, phenol,
lancination delight, calm, confidence propanone, perchloromethane,
tears: (n) cry, crying, snivel, brine, test: (adj, n) trial; (v) prove, examine; resolvent, oxybenzene,
weeping, activity, bawling, bodily (n, v) audition, sample, quiz, essay, methylbenzene
function, bodily process, body assay, experiment, try; (n) thirst: (n, v) hunger, lust, wish; (n)
process, lacerations examination. ANTONYM: (n) recess longing, yen, craving, hankering,
teasing: (n) tease, play, joke, fun, tete-a-tete: (n) gab, conversation, chat dryness, appetite; (v) starve, crave.
banter; (adj) quizzical, vexatious, thank: (v) give thanks, recognize, ANTONYM: (n) dislike
pestering, annoying, playful; (v) bless, thanks, give thanks to, thirsting: (adj) dry, parched,
worrying. ANTONYM: (n) convey, acknowledged, remercy, dehydrated
seriousness impart thirteen: (n) long dozen, large integer
teeth: (v) mortar and pestle, gristmill, thankful: (adj) appreciative, thirty: (n) large integer, termination;
nutmeg grater, grater, file, arrastra, indebted, beholden, obliged, (adj) thretty
rasp, mill, unguis, tentacle; (n) gear contented, pleased, gratified, thoroughly: (adv, v) fully; (adv)
teeth relieved, under obligation, entirely, totally, soundly,
telling: (adj, v) significant; (adj) appreciatory, welcome. exhaustively, carefully, absolutely,
revealing, emphatic, impressive, ANTONYMS: (adj) worried, perfectly, deeply, utterly, exactly.
effectual, effective, pregnant, cogent; unappreciative, unthankful, sorry ANTONYMS: (adv) superficially,
(n) relation, recounting, notice. theatre: (n) theater, house, cinema, incompletely, negligently, partially,
ANTONYMS: (adj) secretive, stage, arena, playhouse, partly, barely, halfheartedly,
unimportant, insignificant, hidden dramaturgy, dramatics, dramatic deficiently, inadequately,
temper: (adj, v) moderate, soften, art, theater of operations, insufficiently, hastily
mitigate, harden; (n) character, battleground thou: (n) chiliad, grand, m, g, one
disposition, humor, nature; (v) theme: (n) matter, motif, subject, text, thousand, gramme, gram, gm,
modify, season, qualify. substance, composition, stem, gigabyte, Gb, curtilage
ANTONYMS: (n, v) upset; (v) question, base, motive, paper thoughts: (n) mind, opinion, depth of
soften, agitate, excite, flex, bend, theoretical: (adj) abstract, theoretic, thought, feelings, reflection, ideas,
workings of the mind, view, stance, walloping, lumpish, gaunt; (n) thud, ANTONYMS: (n) calm, harmony,
position, considered opinion thump, clump praise
thousand: (adj, n) one thousand, k, thursday: (n) thorium tired: (adj, v) fatigued, weary,
m; (n) grand, g, thou, cat Valium, tidy: (adj, v) clean, trim; (adj) spruce, exhausted, stale; (adj) threadbare,
constant of gravitation, grounds, shipshape, respectable, natty; (v) commonplace, trite, banal, haggard,
curtilage; (adj) a thousand clear, straighten, clear up, clean up, stock, jaded. ANTONYMS: (adj)
thousands: (n) myriad, much, many arrange. ANTONYMS: (adj) invigorated, alert, refreshed,
thrash: (v) flog, whip, beat, pound, knotted, disheveled, disorganized, energetic, original, strong, awake,
defeat, whack, lam, drub, baste, lick, messy, slovenly, hairy, energized, lively, rested, relaxed
clobber unsubstantial, dense; (v) litter, toil: (n, v) labor, work, drudge,
thrashing: (n) beating, lashing, disorganize, disorder sweat, drudgery, grind, labour,
flogging, whipping, drubbing, tied: (adj) bound, connected, laced, travail; (v) plod; (n) effort, exertion.
licking, flagellation, rout, tanning, united, fixed, even, liable, tight, ANTONYMS: (n) pastime,
hiding, debacle. ANTONYMS: (n) spiked, responsible, attached. entertainment, fun, relaxation; (v)
victory, win ANTONYMS: (adj) untied, unlaced laze, neglect
threadbare: (adj, v) stale, shabby, tier: (n) layer, floor, stratum, grade, tolerable: (adj) passable, mediocre,
dilapidated, bald, frayed, faded; level, degree; (adj, n) rank, row, line, bearable, fair, middling, reasonable,
(adj) hackneyed, worn, banal, trite, range, file adequate, respectable, endurable,
tattered. ANTONYMS: (adj) new, tightly: (adv) closely, steadily, tautly, sufferable; (adj, v) satisfactory.
unused, reliable, fresh, unworn, strictly, securely, densely, stiffly, ANTONYMS: (adj) intolerable,
pristine, original solidly, tipsily, stably, exceptional, unbearable,
threaten: (v) intimidate, loom, bully, parsimoniously. ANTONYMS: (adv) unsatisfactory, bad, inadequate,
endanger, offer, imperil, jeopardize, loosely, insecurely, sparsely appalling, inadmissible
peril, foreshadow, portend; (n, v) till: (conj, prep) until, unto; (v) plow, tomorrow: (adv) kal, never; (n) solar
threat. ANTONYMS: (v) guard, hoe, farm, dig; (adj) up to; (n) tiller, day, mean solar day, time to come,
protect, relieve, save, alleviate, drawer; (adv) so far; (prep) to day
reassure, recede, strengthen tilt: (n, v) slant, slope, lean, list, rock, tone: (n) note, accent, timbre, spirit,
threatened: (adj) vulnerable, in careen, sway; (v) pitch, tip, cant, tinge, shade, air, sound, tint,
jeopardy, exposed, endangered, lurch. ANTONYMS: (n, v) manner; (n, v) color. ANTONYMS:
doomed, at risk surrender; (n) agreement; (v) yield (n) atonicity, flaccidity; (v) jar
throat: (n) orifice, pharynx, gorge, timid: (adj) shy, afraid, diffident, coy, tongue: (n) lingua, speech, idiom,
mouth, muzzle, nozzle, sucker, bashful, nervous, frightened, dialect, clapper, glossa, natural
shaft, quarl, throat depth, nostril apprehensive, modest; (adj, adv) language, striker, talk; (v) lick; (adj)
throbbing: (adj, n) beating; (n) cowardly; (adj, n) cautious. flowing
pounding, pulsation, pulse, ache, ANTONYMS: (adj, n) brave; (adj) tonight: (adv) this night
palpitation, sting; (adj) painful, confident, bold, fearless, resolute, toothache: (v) tic douloureux,
pulsatile, palpitating, palpitant. forward, daring, brazen, extrovert, torticollis, tormina; (n)
ANTONYM: (n) pleasure brash, talkative aerodontalgia
throughout: (prep) during; (adv, timidity: (n) shyness, fear, torment: (n, v) tease, distress, harass,
prep) about; (adv) every inch, in bashfulness, nervousness, reserve, afflict, pain, annoy; (n) agony,
extenso, en masse, on the whole, cowardice, fearfulness, timidness, anguish, suffering; (v) persecute,
bodily, en bloc, passim, everywhere, modesty, humility, coyness. oppress. ANTONYMS: (v) please,
thoroughly ANTONYMS: (n) confidence, delight, placate, comfort, soothe; (n)
throw: (n, v) cast, pitch, push; (v) boastfulness, swagger, brashness, contentment, happiness, pleasure,
shed, hurl, heave, chuck, flip, pass, security calm, content
hurtle; (n) shot. ANTONYMS: (v) timidly: (adv) fearfully, timorously, tormented: (adj) worried, tortured,
explain, help, receive, clarify, cautiously, shyly, diffidently, hagridden, troubled, beleaguered,
encourage anxiously, nervously, shily, beset, besieged, cruciate, cruciform,
thrown: (adj) puzzled, confused, gingerly, modestly, apprehensively. distraught, distressed. ANTONYM:
thrown and twisted, upset, ANTONYMS: (adv) confidently, (adj) calm
disconcerted, unnerved, terrified, bravely, daringly, brashly, tormenting: (v) bothering, teasing,
scared out of your wits, mystified, fearlessly, decisively, brazenly pestering, harassing; (adj)
frightened; (n) reminder. tiny: (adj) minute, minuscule, small, harrowing, perturbing, plaguy,
ANTONYM: (adj) calm diminutive, petty, infinitesimal, raging, upsetting, vexatious; (adj, v)
thrust: (n, v) poke, stab, jab, drive, midget, teeny, puny, petite, slight. worrying
shove, force, punch, boost, cast, dig; ANTONYMS: (adj) huge, enormous, torn: (adj, prep) lacerated, rent,
(v) ram. ANTONYM: (n) inertia vast, gigantic, large, big, mangled; (adj) ripped, tattered,
thrusting: (n) thrust, push, jab, poke, considerable, roomy, significant, blasted, lacerate, shabby,
jabbing, stab, driving force, scoke, giant, immeasurable goddamned, infernal, made
sack, punch, Phytolacca Americana tirade: (n) diatribe, invective, sermon, uninhabitable. ANTONYMS: (adj)
thumping: (adj) spanking, whacking, speech, recitation, Philippic, oration, pristine, sure, resolute, healed,
roaring, thudding, lubberly, delivery, broadside, lecture, say. decided, mended
torture: (n, v) pain, distress, agonize, trace; (n) character, nature, opportunity; (adj) known, definite,
afflict; (n) agony, anguish, suffering, personality proven
excruciation, grief; (v) rack, tranquil: (adj, v) quiet, unruffled, trick: (n, v) deceive, cheat, fraud,
excruciate. ANTONYMS: (n) relief, smooth; (adj, n) peaceful; (adj) deceit, joke, sham, con; (n) prank,
alleviation, content, ecstasy, joy, placid, still, serene, sedate, collected, deception, device; (v) mislead.
pleasure; (v) relieve, alleviate composed, equable. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (n) frankness,
torturer: (n) flogger, oppressor, (adj) noisy, tense, agitated, anxious, honesty, misunderstanding,
scourger troubled, bustling, loud, perturbed, seriousness, truthfulness; (adj) real,
torturing: (n) torture, excruciation, frenetic, moving, bothered genuine, innocent
crucifixion, torment, agony, transcendental: (adj) preternatural, tried: (adj) reliable, tested,
anguish, dismemberment; (adj) supernatural, nonnatural, trustworthy, dependable, proven,
harrowing, agonizing, torturesome, otherworldly, metaphysical, proved, experienced, practiced, just,
agonising sublime, theoretical, ultimate, conquered, believable.
touch: (v) hit, affect, border, adjoin, utopian, unworldly, ineffable ANTONYMS: (adj) untried,
strike, reach; (n, v) contact, stroke, transformed: (adj) changed, unreliable
tinge, regard, tap. ANTONYMS: (v) malformed, rehabilitated, triumph: (v) exult, prevail, crow,
shrink, secrete, separate, diverge, bewitched, misshapen, distorted, rejoice, succeed; (n, v) glory, win,
abstain, leave; (n) lot reformed joy; (n) victory, conquest, exultation.
touched: (adj) insane, cracked, transition: (n) passage, transit, ANTONYMS: (n) failure, defeat,
tinged, not right, daft, crazy, nutty; conversion, changeover, alteration, sorrow, unhappiness, dud, sadness,
(v) compassionate, sympathetic, modulation, jump, transformation, loss, flop; (v) fail, lose, forfeit
pitiful, mucid. ANTONYMS: (adj) modification, shift, leap triumphant: (adj) victorious,
untouched, sane, unemotional, trash: (n) rubbish, litter, scum, successful, triumphal, exulting,
unmoved, well garbage, refuse, rubble, debris; (n, v) winning, joyful, rejoicing, elated,
touching: (adj, v) affecting; (adj) scrap, junk; (v) destroy; (adj, n) conquering, prideful; (adj, v)
poignant, pitiful, pathetic, adjacent, trumpery. ANTONYMS: (n) exultant. ANTONYMS: (adj)
adjoining, emotional; (n) touch, valuables, sense, possessions, assets, disappointed, failing, losing,
contact; (prep) concerning, about. fact; (v) renovate, conserve defeated, miserable, sorrowful
ANTONYMS: (adj) unaffecting, treasure: (n) gem, fortune, riches, triumphantly: (adv) exultantly,
everyday, heartwarming, funds; (n, v) hoard, prize, store; (v) winningly, jubilantly, elatedly,
unmoving, heartbreaking, cherish, appreciate; (adj, n) jewel, proudly, successfully, triumphally,
emotionless, unemotional, precious stone. ANTONYMS: (v) conqueringly, gleefully, delightedly,
impassive dislike, disparage, scorn, neglect; (n) gloriously
town: (adj) municipal, urban; (n) dud, poverty triumphing: (n) boast, gloriation; (v)
borough, township, village, burgh, treated: (adj) tempered, hardened, triumphal, celebrating victory,
burg, municipality, townspeople, emotionally hardened, inured, exultant
metropolis; (adj, n) community. baked, physically toughened, trivial: (adj) trifling, frivolous, little,
ANTONYMS: (adj) country, private enured, burned, tough, burnt, small, commonplace, superficial,
trace: (n, v) line, shadow, spot, hunt, considered. ANTONYM: (adj) petty, paltry, inconsiderable,
trail; (n) dash, clue, indication, untempered piddling, slight. ANTONYMS: (adj)
suggestion, sign; (v) pursue. treble: (adj) threefold, ternary, important, vital, major, urgent,
ANTONYMS: (v) ignore; (n) lot, triplex, thribble, double, dual, high, profound, crucial, consequential,
overtone voce di testa, shrill; (adj, v) triple; (v) considerable, enormous, mature,
track: (n, v) trail, course, path, hunt; sing serious
(v) tail, chase, pursue, follow; (n) trembling: (adj, n) shaking; (adj, n, v) trouble: (n, v) inconvenience, pain,
line, route, racetrack. ANTONYMS: tremor; (adj) shaky, quaking, bother, disquiet, disorder, worry,
(v) lead, precede shivering, flutter; (n) palpitation, annoy, fuss, afflict, torment; (adj, n)
tradespeople: (n) tradesfolk, quiver, vibration, shiver, quake. difficulty. ANTONYMS: (v) please,
storekeepers, shopkeepers ANTONYMS: (adj) stable, steady help, assist, aid, placate, soothe,
tragedy: (n) calamity, disaster, tremendous: (adj) terrific, fantastic, comfort; (n) fitness, pleasure,
misfortune, play, cataclysm, drama, enormous, immense, wonderful, advantage, ease
bad luck, bale, apocalypse, farce, dreadful, huge, marvelous, gigantic, troubled: (adj, v) concerned,
tragic. ANTONYMS: (n) humor, formidable, mighty. ANTONYMS: solicitous; (adj) distressed, anxious,
blessing, joy, boon, advantage, (adj) awful, unimportant, tiny, worried, uneasy, uncomfortable,
comedy small, unremarkable, poor, dreadful, disconcerted, upset, apprehensive,
train: (v) aim, exercise, direct, abysmal restless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
educate, tame, prepare, school; (n, v) trial: (n) test, examination, unconcerned, composed, calm, easy,
coach, trail, tail; (n) chain. experiment, hardship, essay, relaxed, tranquil, assured, carefree,
ANTONYMS: (v) neglect, forget; (n) hearing, audition, attempt; (n, v) brave, stable, unaffected
head affliction, adversity; (adj, n) distress. troubles: (n) dilemma, evils, harms,
traits: (v) lineaments, area, expanse, ANTONYMS: (n) peace, ills
exposition, extent, length, tract, performance, happiness, ease, trousers: (n) breeches, knickers,
pantaloons, trews, bellbottoms, conversion, veering; (adj) rotating, unassuming: (adj) humble, retiring,
chinos, cords, denim, flannel, revolving, rotary unobtrusive, lowly, quiet, diffident,
gabardine, knickerbockers twenty: (adj) vigesimal; (n) large unpretentious, meek, simple,
trudge: (n, v) tramp, trek, hike, slog, integer, twenty dollar bill inconspicuous, unaffected.
ramble, march, walk, wander; (v) twice: (adv) doubly, bis, two times, in ANTONYMS: (adj) conspicuous,
trail, pad, shack two ways, once more; (adj) twenty elaborate, bold, confident,
true: (adj, n) genuine, authentic; (adj) twilight: (n) nightfall, night, sunset, presumptuous, pretentious, brash,
right, faithful, even, correct, gloaming, evening, sundown, wild
accurate, honest, straight, truthful; eventide, fall, decline, evenfall; (adj) unattractive: (adj) ugly, uninviting,
(adj, v) actual. ANTONYMS: (adj) aurora. ANTONYMS: (n) daybreak, unsightly, unprepossessing,
inaccurate, untrue, bogus, sunrise unbecoming, unpopular,
untrustworthy, unrealistic, mythical, twinge: (n, v) pinch, sting; (n) pang, unpleasant, undesirable,
fraudulent, faithless, disloyal; (adv) pain, stab, hurt, throb, qualm; (v) disagreeable, plain, uncared for.
wrongly, dishonestly nip, prick, prickle ANTONYMS: (adj) beautiful, lovely,
truly: (adj, adv) really; (adv) twinkling: (n) moment, jiffy, minute, appealing, becoming, desirable,
sincerely, in truth, exactly, in fact, second, flash, trice, twinkle, wink, flattering, striking
indeed, in reality, genuinely, right, split second, breath; (adj) sparkling. unbounded: (adj) immeasurable,
certainly, honestly. ANTONYMS: ANTONYM: (adj) dull limitless, endless, infinite, immense,
(adv) insincerely, dubiously, twisting: (adj) tortuous, winding, measureless, unlimited, vast,
doubtfully, apparently, inaccurately, sinuous, crooked, zigzag, illimitable, unmeasured, absolute
indefinite, dishonestly, mildly, meandering; (n) distortion, turn, unbuttoned: (adj) unobstructed,
wrongly spin, torsion, overrefinement untrammeled, unchecked,
trustful: (adj) confiding, type: (adj, n) model, nature, unconfined, unprevented,
unsuspicious, credulous, gullible, character; (n) pattern, kind, sort, unhindered, uncaught,
trusty, trustworthy, unsuspecting; breed, category, stamp, standard, unrestrained, unlaced, unfastened,
(n) trust, private conversation, bold, print unconstrained
belief tyrannise: (v) tyrannize, domineer, uncertainties: (n) doubts, worries,
truth: (n) exactness, actuality, domineer over, grind down, misgivings
sincerity, verity, fidelity, fact, oppress, bully uncle: (n) father's younger brother,
correctness, genuineness, tyranny: (adj, n) dictatorship, elder uncle, father's older brother,
faithfulness, certainty, honesty. autocracy; (n) absolutism, father's sister's husband, husband of
ANTONYMS: (n) dishonesty, despotism, oppression, cruelty, paternal aunt, maternal uncle, niece,
fabrication, falsehood, fiction, lie, monocracy, totalitarianism, benefactor, EME, helper, kinsman
inaccuracy, idealism, falsity, authoritarianism, autarchy, uncomfortable: (adj) ill at ease,
disloyalty, fallacy, invention Caesarism. ANTONYMS: (n) embarrassing, troubled,
trying: (adj) hard, taxing, arduous, democracy, liberty disagreeable, inconvenient, difficult,
thorny, severe, bothersome, tough, tyrant: (n) dictator, oppressor, discomfited, anxious, uneasy,
demanding, annoying, tiresome, autocrat, disciplinarian, bully, cheerless; (v) untoward.
rugged. ANTONYMS: (adj) authoritarian, sovereign, czar, ANTONYMS: (adj) relaxed, comfy,
rewarding, facile, relaxing, monarch, suzerain, stickler happy, untroubled, painless,
satisfying, simple, pleasant, ugly: (adj, adv) surly; (adj) nasty, content, easy, straightforward
pleasing, refreshing, soothing repulsive, frightful, forbidding, unconcerned: (adj) apathetic,
tuesday: (n) Tues disagreeable, hideous, gruesome, detached, insouciant, casual,
tuft: (n) wisp, crest, cluster, truss, evil, offensive, shocking. careless, nonchalant, thoughtless,
knot, fagot, tassel, strand, thicket, ANTONYMS: (adj) attractive, easygoing, listless, carefree; (adj, n)
curl; (adj, n) feather flowing, ornamental, nice, lovely, cold. ANTONYMS: (adj) caring,
tumbled: (adj) disordered pleasant, safe, kind, gentle, eager, troubled, sensitive, uptight,
tune: (n) song, strain, air, harmony, appealing, agreeable craving, involved, energetic,
note, concord; (v) adjust, regulate, unable: (adj) incapable, ineffective, interested, annoyed, strict
string, tune up; (n, v) chant. incompetent, impotent, helpless, unconditionally: (adv) totally,
ANTONYMS: (n) silence; (v) untune ineffectual, inefficient, inadequate, categorically, flatly, completely,
turn: (n, v) curve, roll, twist, go, coil, unqualified, unfit, not able. unreservedly, unqualifiedly,
round, change, bent, spin; (n) bout; ANTONYMS: (adj) able, capable, unlimitedly, utterly, positively,
(v) revolve. ANTONYMS: (n) competent, eligible, powerful unrestrictedly, definitely.
failure, Miss, stagnation; (v) unbend unaccustomed: (adj) new, strange, ANTONYMS: (adv) partially,
turned: (adj) off, curved, rancid, unusual, inexperienced, unenthusiastically
twisted, false, bent, altered, sullen, unseasoned, unacquainted, unconscious: (adj) involuntary,
having inflections, versed, uncustomary, rare, unfamiliar, unaware, ignorant, unwitting,
glowering. ANTONYM: (adj) unwonted; (adj, v) untrained. subconscious, oblivious, automatic,
unturned ANTONYMS: (adj) familiar, normal, insensible, unintentional, instinctive,
turning: (n) turn, revolution, bend, ready, usual, prepared, senseless. ANTONYMS: (adj)
rotation, deviation, gyration, knowledgeable, customary conscious, awake, deliberate, aware,
voluntary, intentional, alive, wary debasing. ANTONYMS: (adj) unfolded: (adj) extended, stretched,
unconsciously: (adv) instinctively, dignified, distinguished, polite outspread, outstretched, widely
unintentionally, unthinkingly, undone: (adj) ruined, unfinished, spread, stretched out, explicate,
unwittingly, ignorantly, innocently, sunk, done for, finished, evolved, displayed, expanded,
comatosely, automatically, behindhand, decayed; (adj, v) detailed
obliviously, unsuspectingly, doomed; (v) accursed, to be pitied, ungrateful: (adj) unmindful,
inadvertently. ANTONYMS: (adv) devoted unthankful, unappreciative,
consciously, deliberately, undress: (v) strip, unclothe, divest, unnatural, ingrate, unpleasant,
knowingly, purposely discase, doff, unrobe, strip down, distasteful, displeasing, unkind,
unconstrainedly: (adv) easily, uncase; (n) dishabille, disarray, disagreeable, not kind.
familiarly, uncontrolledly, morning dress. ANTONYMS: (v) ANTONYMS: (adj) grateful,
independently, unobstructedly, dress, clothe thankful, appreciative
informally, freely, spontaneously, uneasily: (adv) apprehensively, unhappy: (adj) gloomy, dismal,
voluntarily, uncheckedly, restlessly, worriedly, nervously, depressed, melancholy, sad,
unrestrictedly solicitously, unquietly, miserable, sorrowful, distressed,
underground: (adj) clandestine, constrainedly, awkwardly, fretfully, disconsolate, infelicitous, low.
hidden, covert, undercover, unsettledly, fearfully. ANTONYMS: ANTONYMS: (adj) happy, cheerful,
subterranean, surreptitious, furtive; (adv) calmly, confidently, satisfied, pleased, glad, euphoric,
(n) tube, subway, metro; (v) buried. unconcernedly, comfortably, fortunate, contented, joyful, timely,
ANTONYMS: (adj) sky, fearlessly lucky
aboveground, authorized, ground, uneasiness: (n) disquiet, discomfort, unheard: (adj) aspirated, atonic, deaf,
known, public, majority, overt inquietude, anxiety, unease, malaise, indistinct, involving surds,
understand: (v) interpret, hear, see, disquietude, apprehension, unrest, nonvocal, radical, sharp, silent, surd,
catch, learn, translate, grasp, impatience; (n, v) agitation. irrational
construe, gather; (adj, v) realize, ANTONYMS: (n) peace, calm, uniform: (adj, v) even; (adj, n)
take. ANTONYMS: (v) misinterpret, confidence constant, steady; (adj) equal,
misconstrue, misunderstand, uneasy: (adj) anxious, fidgety, consistent, same, level, invariable,
disbelieve, mistake, reject, deny, restless, concerned, nervous, homogenous, equable, unchanging.
Miss apprehensive, ill at ease, unquiet, ANTONYMS: (adj) varied, assorted,
understanding: (n, v) intellect, awkward, fretful, restive. inconsistent, unequal, different,
reason, intelligence, appreciation, ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, multiform, multicolored,
sense, apprehension, discernment, untroubled, composed, relaxed, differentiated, unlike, dissimilar,
judgment; (n) comprehension, easy, unconcerned, still, intermittent
sympathy, deal. ANTONYMS: (n) comfortable, carefree, confident, unintentional: (adj) unconscious,
bewilderment, disbelief, serene undesigned, inadvertent,
misinterpretation, uneconomical: (adj) uneconomic, unintended, unwitting, coincidental,
misunderstanding, mistake, improvident, disorganized, accidental, chance, spontaneous,
indifference, incomprehension, expensive, extravagant, unthinking, fortuitous.
foolishness, emotion; (adj) incompetent, useless, ineffective, not ANTONYMS: (adj) intentional,
intolerant, unfeeling paying, inept, unproductive. planned, designed, intended,
understood: (adj) tacit, implicit, ANTONYM: (adj) efficient voluntary, conscious
implied, silent, assumed, accepted, unexpectedly: (adv) by chance, union: (n, prep) connection; (n)
appreciated, unstated, undeclared; suddenly, abruptly, casually, junction, league, merger,
(v) of course, admitted. unforeseenly, unawares, combination, association,
ANTONYMS: (adj) explicit, spoken, surprisingly, unanticipatedly, confederacy, marriage, fusion,
written, explained hastily, strangely, circumstantially. matrimony, coupling. ANTONYMS:
undertaking: (n) promise, attempt, ANTONYMS: (adv) intentionally, (n) divergence, divorce, discord,
project, venture, adventure, gradually, normally, predictably division, disarray, disagreement;
endeavor, job, effort; (n, v) task, unfeeling: (adj) harsh, impassive, (adj) nonunion
labor, business cold, cruel, callous, merciless, universal: (adj) general, global,
undertone: (n) undercurrent, pitiless, ruthless, numb, insensible, ecumenical, international, common,
murmur, tinge, nuance, whisper, insensitive. ANTONYMS: (adj) worldwide, public, ubiquitous,
suggestion, implication, caring, sympathetic, sensitive, kind, comprehensive, widespread,
connotation, overtone, association, understanding, merciful, feeling, oecumenical. ANTONYMS: (adj)
hint warm, tactful, concerned, local, specific, idiosyncratic,
underworld: (n) Hades, Hel, compassionate confined, isolated, narrow, rare
netherworld, infernal region, unfettered: (adj) unchained, loose, unkempt: (adj) shaggy, scruffy,
gangland, inferno, perdition, sin, unshackled, unenthralled, grubby, ragged, messy, slovenly,
hereafter, Aidoneus; (adj) infernal unenslaved, unmuzzled, unreined, sloppy, tousled, disheveled, dirty,
undignified: (adj) low, inappropriate, liberated, unbound, unfastened, dilapidated. ANTONYMS: (adj)
humiliating, rude, indign, impolite, unconstrained. ANTONYMS: (adj) tidy, smart, elegant, kempt, trim,
demeaning, degrading, improper, logical, conventional sleek, fresh
unknown: (adj, n) secret, alien; (adj) unpleasant: (adj, n) harsh; (adj) conceivable, believable, acceptable,
hidden, unfamiliar, unidentified, disagreeable, obnoxious, ugly, credible
obscure, nameless, foreign, nasty, sour, awkward, repulsive, untie: (v) disentangle, unfasten, free,
anonymous; (n) stranger, foreigner. forbidding, bad, hard. ANTONYMS: loosen, release, loose, disengage,
ANTONYMS: (adj) familiar, (adj) delightful, agreeable, untangle, open, unlace, unbind.
recognized, famous, documented, wonderful, nice, enjoyable, ANTONYMS: (v) fasten, bind,
identified, transparent; (n) native attractive, comfortable, charming, tighten, tie, entangle, enslave, close,
unless: (adv) but, if, yet, besides, inoffensive, amicable, cordial fetter
except with, further; (adv, conj) unpleasantness: (n) nastiness, untouched: (adj) intact, unharmed,
save; (conj) without, if not; (n) disagreeableness, horridness, unmoved, unscathed, virgin, whole,
provisionally; (adj) not necessary unkindness, awfulness, odiousness, unhurt, new, impervious,
unlike: (adj) dissimilar, different, discomfort, disagreeable, spite, imperturbable, impassive.
diverse, unequal, disparate, distinct, offensiveness; (adj, n) ugliness. ANTONYMS: (adj) affected,
separate, unalike, opposite, ANTONYMS: (n) touched, refined, vulnerable, used,
heterogeneous, not similar. straightforwardness, kindness, spoiled, partial, injured, marred,
ANTONYMS: (adj) like, alike, same deliciousness, delightfulness, tainted, impure
unlucky: (adj) luckless, hapless, politeness, attractiveness unutterable: (adj) indescribable,
unhappy, sinister, inauspicious, unquestionable: (adj) unspeakable, inexpressible,
unsuccessful, ominous, adverse, incontrovertible, indisputable, sure, unpronounceable, indefinable,
disastrous, unfavorable; (adj, v) incontestable, indubitable, certain, untellable, unnameable,
untoward. ANTONYMS: (adj) unequivocal, irrefutable, undoubted, unapproachable, beyond
fortunate, happy, auspicious, definite; (v) unimpeachable. description, incommunicable,
successful ANTONYMS: (adj) dubious, terrible
unmask: (v) uncloak, expose, reveal, uncertain, doubtful, indefinite, unwearyingly: (adv) tirelessly,
debunk, uncover, unfold, unkennel, tenuous, provisional, debatable, patiently, uncomplainingly,
detect, disclose, unseal, bare. disputable tolerantly
ANTONYMS: (v) mask, conceal unsatisfied: (adj) dissatisfied, unwilling: (adj) involuntary, loath,
unmistakable: (adj) obvious, evident, disgruntled, unsatiated, unsated, disinclined, averse, recalcitrant,
plain, manifest, decided, palpable, ungratified, restless, discontent, backward, indisposed, grudging,
apparent, decisive; (adj, v) fidgety, fretful, unsatiable; (v) loth, adverse, forced. ANTONYMS:
unequivocal, positive, definite. unslaked. ANTONYMS: (adj) (adj) inclined, amenable, keen,
ANTONYMS: (adj) vague, unclear, pleased, happy prepared, ready, eager, disposed,
uncertain, indefinite, doubtful, unseemly: (adj) indecent, agreeable, accepting, happy
inconspicuous, equivocal unbecoming, indelicate, unyielding: (adj) obdurate, stubborn,
unnatural: (adj) affected, artificial, inappropriate, gross, impolite, unbending, uncompromising,
grotesque, supernatural, forced, unbefitting; (adj, v) indecorous; (adj, relentless, firm, obstinate, resolute,
abnormal, eccentric, uncanny, adv) uncomely; (adv) indecently, hard, inexorable, inflexible.
stilted, mannered, anomalous. unbecomingly. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) flexible,
ANTONYMS: (adj) natural, normal, proper, appropriate, dignified, due, compliant, soft, surrendering,
real, unaffected, commonplace, fitting, polite, suitable, correct, yielding, bouncy, loose, limp,
genuine, sincere decent, sensitive unrelenting, gentle, fragile
unnaturally: (adv) falsely, unusually, unsettled: (adj) changeable, upbraid: (v) rebuke, censure, blame,
contrivedly, affectedly, undecided, doubtful, uneasy, scold, chide, reprimand, condemn,
extraordinarily, monstrously, outstanding, variable, unpaid, berate, objurgate, rate; (n, v) revile
manneredly, by artificial means, unresolved; (adj, v) unfixed, upper: (adj) top, higher, overhead,
abnormally, peculiarly, cruelly. indefinite, undetermined. over, topmost, highest; (n)
ANTONYM: (adv) normally ANTONYMS: (adj) confident, stimulant, bennie, meth, speed,
unnecessary: (adj) redundant, definite, decided, well, sure, happy, amphetamine. ANTONYMS: (adj)
gratuitous, needless, dispensable, constant, conclusive, certain, lower, below, junior, under, bottom
surplus, pointless, excessive, excess, calmed, calm uppish: (adj) snotty, snooty, proud,
undue, spare, useless. ANTONYMS: unsightly: (adj) repulsive, hideous, persnickety, supercilious, snobbish,
(adj) reasonable, basic, worthwhile, unpleasant, unattractive, uncomely, assuming, arrogant, condescending,
required, indispensable, helpful, unlovely, unseemly, disagreeable, pernickety
justified, essential, moderate, nasty, homely, plain. ANTONYMS: upset: (n, v) overturn, trouble,
inevitable (adj) beautiful, nice, pleasing, pretty, disquiet, overthrow; (v) agitate,
unnoticed: (v) unheeded, unthought appealing, attractive subvert, perturb, confuse, reverse;
of, unregarded; (adj) disregarded, unthinkable: (adj) inconceivable, (adj) unsettled; (n) disturbance.
unmarked, hidden, neglected, incredible, unimaginable, ANTONYMS: (v) please, soothe,
ignored, obscure; (adj, v) implausible, impossible, taboo, encourage, delight, fail; (adj)
unremarked, unobserved. beyond belief, unlikely, improbable, pleased, confident, happy, content;
ANTONYMS: (adj) evident, seen, astonishing, uncommon. (n) peace, happiness
noticeable, noted, obvious ANTONYMS: (adj) thinkable, upsetting: (adj) disconcerting,
disturbing, troublesome, distressing, (adj, n, v) express, declare; (adj, v) pretension, pomposity; (adj, n)
poignant, sad, perplexing, tell. ANTONYMS: (adj) qualified, amour propre. ANTONYMS: (n)
bewildering; (n) cold heading, incomplete, uncertain, rather, slight; selflessness, humility, importance,
overturn, overthrow. ANTONYMS: (v) conceal, hide, block value, effectiveness
(adj) comforting, reassuring, uttered: (adj) expressed, express, variety: (adj, n) kind, sort, species,
heartwarming, kind, happy, verbalised, verbalized, vocal, style, class; (n) form, variation, type,
attractive, unemotional, lovely, explicit, oral; (v) spoke, quoth, said diversity, breed; (n, v) change.
appealing, pleasing, pleasant utterly: (adv) completely, absolutely, ANTONYMS: (n) monotony, dearth,
upside: (n) crest, crown, poll, top totally, entirely, extremely, likeness
side, upper side, pate, round top, altogether, expressly, purely, dead, various: (adj, v) several, sundry,
acme, summit, superlative, teetotum fully, wholly. ANTONYMS: (adv) divers, diversified, separate; (adj)
useful: (adj) helpful, beneficial, partly, uncertain, slightly, varied, many, different, manifold,
practical, handy, advantageous, incompletely, hardly, somewhat miscellaneous, numerous.
valuable, convenient, effective, vacant: (adj) blank, hollow, unfilled, ANTONYMS: (adj) homogeneous,
functional, efficient, gainful. void, free, unoccupied, bare, idle, same, individual, uniform, limited,
ANTONYMS: (adj) worthless, expressionless, open; (adj, v) devoid. none
ineffective, unusable, negative, ANTONYMS: (adj) full, cognizant, venerable: (adj) ancient, reverend,
decorative, destructive, detrimental, overflowing, inhabited, aware, estimable, August, respectable,
disadvantageous, ineffectual, comprehending, animated, solid, aged, distinguished, sacred, worthy,
irrelevant, theoretical expressive, knowing of long standing, revered.
useless: (adj) pointless, unnecessary, vague: (adj) obscure, indistinct, ANTONYMS: (adj) unworthy,
needless, worthless, fruitless, indeterminate, undefined, unimpressive, undignified,
hopeless, abortive, idle, barren, undetermined, indefinite, uncertain, disreputable
superfluous, unavailing. faint, ambiguous; (adj, v) loose, vengeance: (n) retribution, reprisal,
ANTONYMS: (adj) helpful, equivocal. ANTONYMS: (adj) clear, retaliation, requital, avengement,
effective, competent, convenient, distinct, exact, particular, precise, wrath, vendetta, spite, revengeance;
valuable, necessary, brilliant, great, specific, sure, certain, defined, alert, (n, v) avenge, resentment.
meaningful, usable, worthwhile detailed ANTONYMS: (n) forgiveness,
uselessness: (n) inutility, vain: (adj) proud, arrogant, conceited, acceptance
fruitlessness, pointlessness, fruitless, idle, empty, abortive, venom: (n) poison, malice, bane,
impracticableness, impracticability, ineffectual, unproductive, spite, rancor, malevolence,
unusefulness, vanity, idleness, narcissistic; (adj, v) useless. maliciousness, malignity, hate,
ineffectualness, senselessness; (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) shy, successful, bitterness; (adj, n) gall. ANTONYM:
useless. ANTONYMS: (n) value, possible, persuasive, selfless, (n) affection
competence, helpfulness, fruitful, humble, useful, responsible, venomously: (adv) spitefully,
effectiveness, fruitfulness, skill, worthwhile, effective maliciously, viciously, rancorously,
utility, worthiness, worth, ability; valiant: (adj) brave, courageous, noxiously, virulently, meanly,
(adj) purposeful intrepid, fearless, heroic, audacious, bitterly, caustically, causticly,
usual: (adj, n, v) ordinary, common, gallant, daring, dauntless, stout, toxically. ANTONYM: (adv)
customary; (adj, n) habitual, stalwart. ANTONYMS: (adj) afraid, friendly
accustomed, familiar, average, despicable vent: (n) exit, opening, flue, chimney,
regular; (adj) everyday; (adj, v) value: (adj, n, v) price; (n) cost, escape, blowhole; (n, v) discharge,
frequent, general. ANTONYMS: importance, consequence; (n, v) rate, air, release; (v) emit, ventilate.
(adj) unconventional, extraordinary, appraise, measure; (v) appreciate, ANTONYMS: (n) door, closure; (v)
abnormal, irregular, atypical, evaluate, esteem, assess. block, suppress
exceptional, unprecedented, ANTONYMS: (n) disadvantage, venture: (n, v) hazard, chance, stake,
uncommon, rare, changing, futility, uselessness, insignificance, peril, attempt, gamble, adventure;
unacceptable detriment, inefficiency, inferiority; (adj, n, v) dare; (n) speculation,
usually: (adv) generally, ordinarily, (v) scorn, disregard, disrespect, hate danger; (v) endanger
normally, frequently, habitually, vanish: (n, v) disappear; (adj, v) fade; vexation: (adj, n) annoyance,
customarily, mostly, regularly, (v) disperse, pass, go, die, dissipate, nuisance; (n) irritation, worry,
typically, as a rule, in general. evaporate, depart, flee, melt away. aggravation, displeasure, chagrin,
ANTONYMS: (adv) rarely, ANTONYMS: (v) come, arrive, wax, chafe, anger, frustration, botheration
exceptionally, occasionally stay vexatious: (adj) annoying, pesky,
utmost: (adj, n) maximum, extreme, vanished: (adj, v) extinct, lost; (adj) troublesome, tiresome, galling,
uttermost, furthermost, best, disappeared, departed, missing, irritating, untoward, thorny,
highest; (adj, adv) farthest; (adj, v) died out, absent, dead, wiped out, burdensome, pestiferous, vexing.
supreme; (adj) last, furthest; (adj, n, bygone; (v) exhausted. ANTONYMS: (adj) aiding, assisting,
v) greatest. ANTONYMS: (adj) ANTONYMS: (adj) found, living helpful, soothing
moderate, worst vanity: (n) egotism, pride, emptiness, vexed: (adj) troubled, irritated, angry,
utter: (v) say, state, speak, breathe, arrogance, futility, inanity, pestered, peeved, harassed, sore,
articulate, deliver, voice, pronounce; vainglory, conceitedness, harried, uneasy, cross, offended.
ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, nastily, unkindly, malignantly, vociferous: (adj) loud, clamorous,
uncomplicated malevolently, mercilessly, blatant, boisterous, clamant,
vice: (adj, n) imperfection, defect, resentfully, ruthlessly. ANTONYM: strident, obstreperous, vocal,
blemish, failing, frailty; (n) (adv) mercifully tumultuous, turbulent, blustering.
corruption, sin, evil, immorality, violently: (adj, adv) vehemently, ANTONYMS: (adj) silent, tranquil,
iniquity, depravity. ANTONYMS: hotly, madly, ardently; (adv) wildly, shy, gentle, soft
(n) asset, strength, propriety, virtue, passionately, strongly, hard, vodka: (n) spirits, hard drink, liquor,
righteousness, goodness, good, furiously, turbulently; (adv, n) hard liquor, strong drink
honesty; (adj) chief vigorously. ANTONYMS: (adv) voluntarily: (adv) spontaneously,
victorious: (adj) triumphant, gently, nonviolently, feebly, willingly, intentionally, willfully,
successful, winning, jubilant, victor, impassively, peacefully, tamely volunteerly, deliberately,
fortunate, lifted up; (adj, v) virginity: (n) maidenhood, pucelage, gratuitously, readily, optionally,
triumphal, exultant, triumphing, on chastity, purity, maidenhead, independently, unforcedly.
top. ANTONYMS: (adj) beaten, pudicity, virtue, freshness, ANTONYMS: (adv) obligatory,
unsuccessful, failing, losing, virginhood, innocence, spirit reluctantly, forced, grudgingly,
sorrowful virtue: (adj, n) merit, excellence, unwillingly
victory: (n) conquest, success, quality, attribute; (n) honor, voluptuous: (adj) luscious,
mastery, superiority, subjugation, goodness, honesty, morality, voluptuary, sensual, carnal,
win, laugher, achievement, decency, probity, efficacy. sybaritic, epicurean, buxom, sexy,
checkmate, expugnation, fall. ANTONYMS: (n) wickedness, guilt, sensuous, lascivious, erotic.
ANTONYMS: (n) defeat, loss, vice, peccadillo, sin, dishonor, ANTONYM: (adj) underdeveloped
beating, failure, overthrow, forfeit immorality, evil, demerit, voluptuousness: (n) shapeliness,
viii: (n) eighter from Decatur, octad, inadequacy, disadvantage lewdness, lasciviousness,
ogdoad, octonary, eighter, octet, virtues: (n) brawn, sinew, qualities, curvaceousness, lust, prurience,
octette, eightsome, digit nerve, manner, habit, disposition, delicacy, lechery, gratification,
vile: (adj, n) contemptible, dirty, low; custom luxury, fullness
(adj, v) base; (adj) despicable, virtuous: (adj) upright, pure, vowed: (v) promised, named,
ignoble, evil, sorry, revolting, righteous, good, moral, just, benempt
offensive, nasty. ANTONYMS: (adj) honorable, honest, respectable, vulgar: (adj) rude, coarse, plebeian,
attractive, kind, nice, lovely, lovable, decent, pious. ANTONYMS: (adj) nasty, common, foul, indecent,
gentle, honorable, good, delightful, bad, sinful, corrupt, impure, gross, unrefined; (adj, n) low, vile.
admirable, noble unethical, decadent, degenerate, ANTONYMS: (adj) refined,
vilely: (adv) dirtily, wickedly, irreverent sophisticated, tasteful, polite,
meanly, foully, disgustingly, visit: (v) frequent, attend, call, view, aesthetic, muted, fashionable,
grossly, sordidly, worthlessly, gossip, jaw, inspect, haunt; (n, v) decent, artistic, pleasant, clean
infamously, nauseatingly, tour, chat; (n) sojourn vulgarity: (n) indecency, vulgarism,
revoltingly visiting: (adj) guest, impermanent, grossness, inelegance, crudeness,
villa: (n) country house, cottage, temporary, visitant commonness, obscenity, rudeness,
house, chateau, home, holiday visitor: (n) visitant, tourist, company, crudity, boorishness, indelicacy.
home, Francisco villa, estate, traveler, caller, inspector, stranger, ANTONYMS: (n) politeness, purity,
detached house, council house, foreigner, alien, sightseer, surveyor classiness, civility, taste, decency
castle visitors: (n) visitation wages: (n) pay, wage, earnings,
village: (n) neighborhood, settlement, vista: (n) outlook, panorama, horizon, reward, stipend, allowance, hire,
city, community, kraal, thorp, dorp, aspect, scene, landscape, scenery, remuneration, income, payoff,
campong, pueblo, small town; (adv) picture, alley; (adj, n) view, compensation
town perspective wailing: (n, v) lamentation, lament,
villainous: (adj, v) base, infamous, vivid: (adj) intense, graphic, lifelike, moaning; (adj) lamenting, weeping,
vile, black, shameful; (adj) heinous, brilliant, rich, live, strong, acute, crying, wailful, howling, sobbing;
atrocious, depraved, wicked, evil, animated, glowing, colorful. (adj, n) bawling; (n) cry
vicious ANTONYMS: (adj) weak, bland, waist: (n) waistline, shank, middle,
villainy: (n) evil, infamy, crime, light, vague, straightforward, dark, belly, isthmus, hourglass,
villany, misdeed, baseness, modest, secretive undersurface; (adj) stricture, middle
enormity, atrocity, evildoing, vividly: (adv) brightly, lively, constriction, neck, wasp
evilness, injustice intensely, clearly, brilliantly, wait: (n, v) pause, hold, stop; (v)
vindictive: (adj) vengeful, malicious, graphically, strikingly, dramatically, expect, anticipate, stay, await, lurk,
revengeful, unforgiving, punitive, colorfully, glowingly, severely. ambush, remain; (adj, v) tarry.
malevolent, remorseless, implacable, ANTONYMS: (adv) blandly, ANTONYMS: (n) act, continuation,
despiteful, vindicative, virulent. modestly, vaguely doing; (v) interrupt, leave, begin,
ANTONYMS: (adj) nice, charitable, vocation: (n, v) calling, profession, depart, continue; (intj) hurry
forgiving, helpful, merciful, tolerant employment; (n) occupation, job, waiter: (n) lackey, valet, waitress,
vindictively: (adv) revengefully, trade, business, career, line, mission, attendant, salver, lurcher,
spitefully, rancorously, maliciously, line of work counterman, lurker, servant, tray,
steward rudely, apathetically weeping: (adj) tearful, lachrymose,
waiting: (n) abeyance, suspense, warn: (v) counsel, caution, admonish, dolourous, dolorous; (n, v) lament,
expectancy, hold, time lag, advise, inform, alert, threaten, lamentation; (v) wailing; (n)
postponement; (adj) ready and exhort, forewarn, tell, notify. sobbing, tears, cry; (adj, n) howling.
waiting, ready, expectant; (adv) to ANTONYM: (v) protect ANTONYM: (n) celebration
come, in the making warning: (n) notice, indication, weighed: (adj) determined,
wake: (v) awaken, awake, rouse, stir, caution, advice, example, lesson, deliberate, tared
vigil, provoke, arouse, waken, hint, premonition, caveat, welcome: (adj) pleasant, acceptable,
excite; (n) train, trail. ANTONYMS: admonition; (adj, n) monitory. pleasing, agreeable; (n, v) accept; (n)
(v) nap, dissuade, discourage, ANTONYMS: (n) encouragement, hospitality, reception; (v) receive,
snooze, stifle recommendation, approval; (adj) greet, invite, hail. ANTONYMS:
waking: (adj) wakeful; (n) promising (adj) unwelcome, unwanted,
awakening, wakefulness, waste: (adj, n, v) spoil, damage; (adj, unacceptable, displeasing,
consciousness v) desolate; (n, v) squander, ruin, disagreeable, unpleasant; (v) reject,
walk: (adj, n, v) step; (n, v) gait, consume, ravage; (adj, n) refuse, evict, bar; (n) unfriendliness,
ramble, march, pace, hike, course, trash; (v) exhaust, spend. goodbye
saunter, stroll, roam; (n) path. ANTONYMS: (v) conserve, save, well-being: (n) prosperity, good,
ANTONYMS: (v) run, ride, stride use, preserve, create, build; (n) health, comfort, happiness, interest,
walked: (adj) exempt; (v) yode saving, possessions, hoarding, satisfaction, sake, rapture, peace of
walking: (n) gait, ambulation, development; (adj) cultivated mind, luxury
wading, shuffling, shambling, watching: (n) observation, wench: (n) miss, damsel, strumpet,
marching, noctambulism, traveling; stargazing, sighting, observance, trollop, Trull, missy, quean, slut,
(adv) afoot; (adj) moving, active watch, remark, notice, ambush, nymph, dame; (n, v) drab
wall: (n, v) fence, bar; (n) barrier, reflection, ceremonial occasion, whatever: (adj, pron) whatsoever;
rampart, bulwark, cliff, earthwork, ceremony (pron) what, partly, whatso; (adv)
fortification, screen, rail, fencing waterlogged: (adj) sodden, wet, no matter what, anyway, anyhow,
wallow: (v) roll, flounder, welter, damp, doughy, awash, covered with regardless, in any case; (n) aught,
triumph, enjoy, rejoice, splash, bask; water, moist; (v) tumbledown, anything
(adj) luxuriate, crouch, slouch shaky, ramshackle, crumbling wheezing: (adj) breathless, asthmatic,
walls: (n) brickwork, buttresses, wave: (v) flap, undulate, swing, gasping, out of breath, panting,
defenses, masonry, ramparts, flourish; (n, v) gesture, billow, puffed, puffing, reedy, wheezy,
fortifications flutter, swell, motion, curl; (n) surge winded
wanting: (adj, v) missing; (adj) ways: (n) behavior, process, shipway, whenever: (n) anytime, convenience;
deficient, lacking, absent, defective, slipway, means, childbearing, (adv) always, whene'er.
short, failing, insufficient, devoid, conduct, construction, demeanor, ANTONYM: (adv) immediately
poor, incomplete. ANTONYMS: direction, traveling wherever: (adv) anywhere,
(adj) sufficient, satisfactory, weak: (adj, n) frail; (adj) flat, watery, wheresoever, everywhere, where'er;
adequate, full, present fragile, flimsy, faint, thin, light, (n) anyplace
wants: (n) need, necessities sickly, soft, nerveless. ANTONYMS: whip: (n, v) lash, strap, goad; (v) flog,
wardrobe: (n) costume, clothing, (adj) concentrated, firm, brave, safe, flagellate, beat, punish, thrash,
cupboard, garb, clothes, apparel, forceful, effective, healthy, intense, trounce, stir, wallop. ANTONYMS:
dress, wear, clothespress, determined, powerful, robust (v) lose, return
palliament, garment wealth: (adj, n) abundance, plenty, whipped: (v) whipt
warfare: (n) conflict, fighting, battle, affluence, opulence; (n, v) money, whirl: (n, v) spin, turn, eddy, roll,
contest, combat, action, struggle, gold; (n) treasure, property, fortune, wheel, twist, swirl; (v) reel, gyrate;
hostility, hostilities, opposition, capital; (adj) richness. ANTONYMS: (n) go, fling
jihad. ANTONYM: (n) harmony (n) penury, scarcity, dearth, want, whirring: (n) whirr, birr; (adj) noisy
warm: (adj) hot, affectionate, tender, need, lack whisper: (n, v) murmur, hum,
ardent, cordial, fervent, lively, fond, wearing: (adj) tiring, exhausting, mumble, suggestion, hint, inkling;
loving, earnest, tepid. ANTONYMS: tiresome, wearying, trying; (n) (v) breathe, hiss; (n) rustle, trace,
(adj) cold, unfriendly, aloof, detrition, corrasion, attrition, breath. ANTONYM: (n) information
reserved, hostile, uncaring, abrasion, eroding, ablation. whispered: (adj) low, voiceless,
unenthusiastic, unwelcoming, stale, ANTONYMS: (adj) refreshing, unvoiced, nonvocal, weak, unheard,
offhand; (v) chill undemanding, pleasant surd, supposed, sharp, thought,
warmed: (adj) warmer, warm, baked weather: (v) survive, withstand, quiet
warmly: (adv) cordially, ardently, resist, brave, stand, brave out, wear; whispering: (n) whisper, murmur,
hotly, genially, affectionately, (n) climate, atmospheric condition, susurration, rustle, report, stage
vigorously, fervently, zealously, downfall, inclemency. ANTONYMS: whisper; (adj, n) rustling; (adj)
eagerly, strongly, pleasantly. (v) succumb, reject susurrant, tranquil, hoarse,
ANTONYMS: (adv) coolly, weep: (v) wail, bawl, lament, sob, susurrous
inhospitably, sourly, disagreeably, blubber, moan, howl, drip, greet, whistle: (v) sing, twitter, hiss, warble,
indifferently, frostily, roughly, whimper; (n) tear tweet, cheep, chirp, wheeze; (n, v)
cry; (n) whistling, tin whistle pleasure. ANTONYMS: (n, v) ANTONYMS: (adj) new, smart,
whoever: (n) anyone, somebody; dislike, hate; (n) hatred, coercion, unused, unworn, pristine, original
(pron) whosoever, whatsoever disinclination, aversion worried: (adj) uneasy, distressed,
person wishes: (n) desires, requirements, nervous, apprehensive, upset,
whole-hearted: (adj) true, warm requests, needs, will anxious, disturbed, concerned,
wickedness: (n) depravity, sin, wishing: (n) wish, want, velleity, afraid, troubled, bothered.
sinfulness, iniquity, harm, ill, vice, option, need, privation, lack, ANTONYMS: (adj) carefree,
evilness, corruption, immorality, deprivation, deficiency, choice; (adj) reassured, relaxed, untroubled,
crime. ANTONYMS: (n) goodness, desirous fearless, unworried, unconcerned,
kindness, piety, righteousness, withered: (adj) wizened, sear, content, confident, serene
benevolence, religiousness, shriveled, thin, shrunken, dry, dried worry: (n, v) concern, torment,
obedience, good up, wilted, faded, wizen; (v) lame. trouble, distress, tease, bother,
wide: (adj) broad, spacious, roomy, ANTONYM: (adj) plump burden, care, harass, fear; (v)
extensive, comprehensive, large, withhold: (v) reserve, keep, suppress, disturb. ANTONYMS: (n) calmness,
vast, ample, capacious, open, deny, retain, hold, detain, restrain, reassurance, pleasure, relief,
sweeping. ANTONYMS: (adj) thin, abstain, check; (adj, v) stint. unconcern, calm, confidence,
restricted, skinny, straight, cramped, ANTONYMS: (v) transmit, release, hopefulness, peace; (v) reassure,
minute show, lavish, add delight
widen: (v) extend, stretch, broaden, witness: (n, v) testimony, attest, worrying: (adj) disturbing,
enlarge, increase, spread, distend, evidence; (n) bystander, eyewitness, disquieting, worrisome, troubling,
develop, dilate, amplify, flare. onlooker, observer; (v) observe, troublesome, anxious, distressful,
ANTONYMS: (v) contract, cramp, notice, see, view. ANTONYMS: (v) perturbing; (v) bothering, harassing;
restrict, shrink, curtail, decrease deny, participate, refute (n) harassment. ANTONYMS: (adj)
wife: (n) matron, missis, partner, wits: (n) intellect, mind, wit, brains, soothing, relaxing, promising, slight
married woman, spouse, consort, common sense, presence, worse: (adj) worser, subordinate,
helpmate, housewife, lady, woman, percipience, observation, mother waur, worsened, warre, unrelieved,
viscountess wit, right mind, judgment minor, lesser, junior, poorer; (n)
wild: (adj, n, v) waste, desert; (adj, v) witticisms: (n) facetiae badness. ANTONYMS: (adj)
fierce, violent, reckless, raging; (adj) witty: (adj, v) smart, clever, sharp, improved, healthier, higher
boisterous, untamed, stormy, rude, brilliant; (adj) amusing, funny, worshipped: (adj) adored, idolized,
desolate. ANTONYMS: (adj) calm, facetious, jocular, intelligent, quick, venerable
orderly, manageable, sane, comic. ANTONYMS: (adj) dull, worst: (v) whip, trounce, defeat,
domestic, cultivated, tame, unamusing, unfunny, thick overcome, vanquish, pip, rack up;
restrained, mild, sensible, passive woke: (v) arouse (adj, v) best, rout; (adj) floor, lick.
wilfully: (adv) willfully, designedly, womanish: (adj) tender, feminine, ANTONYMS: (adj, n) best; (adj)
deliberately, knowingly, frowardly, female, womanlike, womanly, weak, highest, first, secondary
headstrongly, consciously, unmanly worth: (adj, n) value, dignity; (n) cost,
stubbornly, purposefully, wonder: (adj, n) prodigy; (n) virtue, price, importance, excellence,
persistently, on purpose astonishment, admiration, quality, import, goodness, benefit.
willing: (adj, adv) disposed; (adj) amazement, surprise, miracle, ANTONYMS: (n) insignificance,
spontaneous, voluntary, ready, phenomenon, muse; (v) admire, disadvantage, hopelessness,
amenable, inclined, prepared, reflect, question. ANTONYMS: (n) detriment, disgrace, inferiority,
enthusiastic, unforced, obliging; expectation, belief, disapproval; (v) triviality, uselessness, inefficiency
(adj, v) consenting. ANTONYMS: know, believe, anticipate, decide worthless: (adj, v) futile, vain; (adj)
(adj) unwilling, reluctant, wondering: (adj) inquisitive, vile, idle, empty, trifling, void,
compulsory, disagreeable, speculative, suspicious trivial, cheap, miserable, null.
unprepared, forced, unenthusiastic, wool: (n) fur, coat, pile, down, ANTONYMS: (adj) precious, useful,
unhelpful woolen, woollen, yarn, hair, worthwhile, priceless, meaningful,
window: (n) casement, pane, cashmere, alpaca, shoddy helpful, invaluable, deserving, valid,
skylight, gap, Ventian window, worked: (adj) elaborated, beaten worthy, substantial
clearstory, transom, windowpane, workman: (n) laborer, working man, worthy: (adj) noble, good,
rosette, clerestory, embrasure worker, employee, hand, operative, meritorious, valuable, estimable,
wine: (n) vino, spirits, beer, saki, artisan, working person, lather, respectable, deserving, worthwhile,
sake, Macon, maconnais, alcohol, mechanic, artificer virtuous, honorable; (adj, n)
liquor, dessert wine; (adj) mauve works: (n) plant, workings, mill, celebrity. ANTONYMS: (adj) bad,
wipe: (n, v) rub; (v) mop, clean, manufactory, deeds, whole unrespected, disreputable,
towel, brush, scour, scrub, clear, dry, caboodle, kit and caboodle, kit and mediocre, petty, poor, unimpressive,
wash; (adj) sponge. ANTONYM: (v) boodle, industrial plant, full insignificant, dishonorable,
dirty treatment, distillery despicable; (n) nobody
wish: (adv, n, v) will; (n, v) want, worn: (adj) haggard, tired, tattered, wounded: (adj, v) hurt; (n) casualty,
hope, need, inclination, longing, threadbare, ragged, drawn, jaded, maimed; (adj) bruised, injured,
aspiration, aim; (v) like, choose; (n) fatigued, exhausted, faded, wasted. bloody, aggrieved, saddened; (v)
stricken, wound, struck. sympathize
ANTONYM: (adj) unaffected wronged: (adj) upset, hurt, indignant,
wrap: (v) envelop, cover, roll, wind, offended
shroud, enfold, enclose, drape; (n, v) yearning: (n) hankering, aspiration,
cloak, swathe; (n) wrapping. thirst, craving, desire, hunger,
ANTONYMS: (v) uncover, undo, nostalgia, eagerness; (adj) wistful,
unwind, expose, reveal pining, desirous. ANTONYMS: (adj)
wrapped: (prep) covered; (adj) disinterested; (n) dislike,
clothed, draped, rapt, intent, disinclination, apathy
absorbed, engrossed, mantled, yellow: (adv) cowardly; (adj) amber,
packed, immersed; (adj, prep) xanthous, chickenhearted, fearful,
cloaked chicken, craven, spineless; (n)
wrath: (n) rage, resentment, ire, fury, coward, saffron, maize.
displeasure, indignation, passion, ANTONYMS: (adj) bold, brave,
madness, choler, irritation; (adj) confident
angry. ANTONYMS: (n) happiness, yield: (n, v) produce, return, allow,
love, composure, serenity give; (v) surrender, concede, submit,
wrathfully: (adv) furiously, irately, give up, grant, cede; (n) output.
wrothly, indignantly, irefully, ANTONYMS: (v) persevere,
ragingly, heatedly, infuriatedly, survive, stand, withstand, repel,
madly, resentfully, very angrily reject, prevent, withhold, acquire,
wrenched: (adj) strained, weakened oppose, veto
wretched: (adj) unfortunate, pitiful, yielded: (v) yold, yolden
sad, pitiable, woeful, pathetic, youngster: (n) lad, juvenile, kid,
piteous, lamentable; (adj, v) poor, child, urchin, toddler, youth,
unhappy, forlorn. ANTONYMS: adolescent, bairn, baby, tot.
(adj) fine, strong, fortunate, ANTONYMS: (n) adult, elder
overjoyed, nice, admirable, good, yours: (adj) own
cheery, joyous, lucky, comfortable yourself: (adv) herself, themselves,
wretchedness: (n) unhappiness, grief, itself, myself, ourselves, yourselves,
distress, desolation, woe, sorrow, physically
anguish, infelicity, tribulation, yourselves: (pron) themselves,
affliction, misfortune myself, herself
wriggle: (n, v) squirm; (v) twist, youth: (n) youngster, young person,
wrench, worm, struggle, writhe, lad, juvenile, boy, adolescence, kid,
turn, wrestle, wind, creep, crawl younker, stripling, juvenility; (adj, n)
wring: (n, v) squeeze; (v) twist, young. ANTONYMS: (n) adulthood,
wrench, wrest, torture, torment, adult, ripeness, maturity, aged
distort, extract, twine, contort, rack youthful: (adj) immature, fresh,
write: (v) pen, indite, draw up, green, juvenile, vernal, adolescent,
correspond, spell, record, publish, childish, new, tender, sappy,
compile, draw, outline, type beardless. ANTONYMS: (adj) adult,
writhing: (adj, n) twisting; (adj) mature, experienced, sophisticated,
wriggly, squirming, wiggling, late
wiggly, twisty, tortuous, snaky, zero: (n) nothing, nobody, cipher,
winding, sinuous; (n) twist naught, cypher, null, nought, nihil,
writing: (n) script, print, composition, nullity, aught, nix. ANTONYMS: (n)
lettering, document, autograph, being, something, thing
paper, record, inscription, zest: (n) gusto, taste, savor, flavor,
authorship, handwriting enthusiasm, piquancy, energy,
written: (adj) registered, clerical, enjoyment, tang, appetite; (n, v)
conscript, enrolled, literal, hard-and- spice. ANTONYMS: (n) lethargy,
fast, on paper; (n) examination. blandness, dullness, indifference
ANTONYMS: (adj) verbal,
unscripted, unwritten
wrong: (adj, n) evil, ill, injury,
injustice; (adj, n, v) damage, injure;
(adj) improper, false, incorrect, bad,
inappropriate. ANTONYMS: (adj)
correct, good, proper, honest,
appropriate, just, true; (adv)
correctly; (n) justice, virtue; (v)
237

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NOTES FROM

Published by ICON Group International, Inc.

This edition published by ICON Classics in 2005

Copyright ©2005 by ICON Group International, Inc.

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR .......................................................................................... 1

PART I: UNDERGROUND ................................................................................................. 3

PART II: A PROPOS OF THE WET SNOW ........................................................................ 47

GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................... 139

PREFACE FROM THE EDITOR

Definitions of remaining terms as well as translations can be found at www.websters-online-

I %am a sick man... I am a spiteful man. I am an unattractive man. I believe

Well, %so I will talk about myself.

Finally, %even if I had wanted to be anything but magnanimous, had desired on

mysticism, %gentlemen, but I suspect this, too), this retort-made man is

listen %sometimes to the moans of an educated man of the nineteenth century

in %his desiring in certain cases what is harmful to himself and not

development of this many- sidedness man %may come to finding enjoyment in

the nature of encyclopaedic lexicons, in which everything will be so clearly

Gentlemen, %I am joking, and I know myself that my jokes are not

You believe in a palace of crystal that can never be destroyed—a palace at

A PROPOS OF THE WET SNOW

When from dark error's subjugation

office I tried to behave as independently as possible, and to assume a lofty

I found two of my old schoolfellows with him. They seemed to be discussing

"What about the money?" Ferfitchkin began in an undertone, indicating me

terms with some of my schoolfellows; %but somehow or other my intimacy with

"What ma-a-de me was that I wanted to leave my original job," I drawled

"Enough, gentlemen, enough!" Zverkov cried, authoritatively.%

There was a general stir.%

"He is comforting himself," said Simonov.%

"They won't go down on their knees to beg for my friendship. That is a

...Somewhere behind a screen a clock began wheezing, as though oppressed

surging up in me again and seeking an outlet. Suddenly I saw beside me two

"What's that to you?"

"Why, you ..."

It was some time, however, before I consented to recognise that truth.

witty, charming, a regular Lovelace, you understand; we drank an extra 'half-

But at this point I stopped short, and in great confusion, indeed.%

"Into my house come bold and free,

I stood before her crushed, crestfallen, revoltingly confused, and I believe I

"What are you saying!" she cried, starting.%

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