Hayley Stout ENGL 1102 Professor Adam Padgett February 21, 2013

Annotated Bibliography Inquiry: What are the long term effects of children prematurely exposed to social media? Proposed Thesis: Premature exposure to social media has a negative affect towards a childs social skills, self-esteem and self-respect. Buckingham, David. Youth, Identity, and Digital Media. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2008. Print. In the beginning of this work Buckingham is focused on discussing different identities and how one develops said identities. We are all very different. Every event in our lives, big or small, plays a role in defining and developing who we are. Buckingham then goes on to quote Erik Erikson in saying, it also occurs through interaction with peers and care givers. Identity is developed by the individual, but it has to be recognized and confirmed by others. The it that Erikson and Buckingham are both referring to is cognitive development. To fully grow as an individual the unique everyday interactions with others are essential. When a child spends too much time on the internet before they have these key interactions they cheat themselves out of natural social development. These everyday conversations are molding and expanding ones social skills. McBride, D.L. "Risks and Benefits of Social Media for Children and Adolescents." Journal of Pediatric Nursing. 26.5 (2011): 498-499. Print.

Hayley Stout ENGL 1102 Professor Adam Padgett February 21, 2013

In this article by D.L. McBride the author focuses on cyber bullying in the beginning of the text. Though the numbers arent as high as you would think it is still said that on average 19% of children experience cyber bullying. McBride goes on to say, This can lead to anxiety, depression, and suicide. The consequences can be life altering, both for the victim and the bully. These children may require treatment for mental health issues. Amongst other things read in this article I think this quote shows the double sided sword of cyber bullying. Not only are the targets of the ridicule exposed to long term suffering from self esteem issues and depression. But the bullies themselves are also conflicting psychological damage on themselves without even realizing it. Wilson, Barbara J. "Media and Children's Aggression, Fear, and Altruism." The Future of Children. 18.1 (2008): 87-118. Print. This article talks about the medias effect on emotional development for children. Wilson first says that preschoolers are able to recognize simple emotions, like happiness, sadness, and anger. She then goes on to say that younger children have more trouble with these basic emotions. Although eventually they may be able to understand the actions or feelings portrayed in a television show, the emotions experienced from human interactions are more recognizable and memorable for the childs development. Although the kids may be able to eventually grasp the emotions through technology, the face to face interactions are what theyre inner-self identifies with.

Hayley Stout ENGL 1102 Professor Adam Padgett February 21, 2013

Roberts, Donald F, and Ulla G. Foehr. Kids and Media in America. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Print. The beginning of this piece has a large focus on what little the country as a whole really knows about the effects of social media; besides the obvious overuse. The authors also talk about the vast difference between technology today verse technologies in the 1950s. One of the main focuses for this piece of work seems to be the growth of privacy when concerning the internet. Growing up with only one computer in the house is much easier to monitor than say having a smart phone. The privacy that comes behind closed doors is sometimes more responsibility than one is ready for. Kids growing up today are exposed to a lot more over-aged content. Since the internet is so much easier to access behind clothes doors this also makes it that much harder to monitor. Strasburger, VC. "Media and Children: What Needs to Happen Now?" Jama : the Journal of the American Medical Association. 301.21 (2009): 2265-6. Print. This article focuses individually on the possible effects the internet can have on the different emotions experienced daily. When talking about violence the author states, Research on media violence and its relationship to real-life aggression is substantial and convincing. Majority of people develop and learn from the stimuli they are exposed to. Your attitudes and emotions are learned at a very young age and once youve development certain mannerisms it is often very hard to charge them. When you replace

Hayley Stout ENGL 1102 Professor Adam Padgett February 21, 2013

the anger a child might experience from being scolded, with say the anger a rap star may exert through a twitter rant the child is learning different values. Rather than learning to compress your resentment for being punished quietly, the new mind now resorts to venting about their problems on the internet.