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Source 1 Alan M. Kraut, The Huddled Masses: The Immigrant in American Society, 1880-1921 2nd ed.

Arlington Heights: Harlan Davidson, 2001. The Huddled Masses is a book written by Alan Kraut that illustrates the evolution of the American immigration system from its beginnings in the 1880s to the present system. It goes into detail about why the United States implemented such acts as the Chinese Exclusion Act denying any further immigration of Chinese citizens regardless of reason. To the policies enacted long before that on Ellis Island and how they shaped American society today. This book serves greatly to my research because it gives a historical background on the precedents set by the United States and how its current system came to be. It also gives detailed experiences of the immigrant then and now and how it was to actually go through the system. That is to say how it was during the Ellis Island days to the current sailing in crowded ships and crossing borders into other countries. The book is a reliable source because it is a renowned book seen as a must read for all history and ethnic majors in school. It is a work that was collaborated on by a variety of anthropologists, sociologists, historians, and economists to help people understand the history behind immigration in the United States.

Source 2 Dorsey, M. E., and M. Diaz-Barriga. "Senator Barack Obama and Immigration Reform." Journal of Black Studies 38.1 (2007): 90-104. JSTOR. Web. 21 Feb. 2014. http://www.jstor.org.librarylink.uncc.edu/stable/40034404

In this journal it highlights the key points in then Senator Barack Obamas immigration reform he lobbied for alongside Senators John McCain and Edward Kennedy. His reform called for tougher border security, stricter policies and regulations on employers hiring undocumented workers, and the main point to create a path to citizenship. The article also goes on to compare Barack Obamas new ideas to that of the conservative party and his own liberal party, which showed opposition with some people. The article brings together a lot of information that will be very important for me in my report. Such as, views of both sides, how the President then Senators views have changed, and the basis that each side has for their arguments. It provides a detailed report on each parties stance compared to the Presidents which, in turn will provide me with great detail for my own report. This is a credible source because both authors are professors at their respective colleges, while Dorsey is a PhD in Anthropology. They are both published authors on the current issue of immigration and use their own credible sources such as speeches, books, and interviews done by Senator Obama.

Source 3 Simpson, Alan K. "The Politics of Immigration Reform." International Migration Review 18.3 (1984): 486-504. JSTOR. Web. 21 Feb. 2014. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/2545882 .>.

The journal details how the Control Act of 1986 attempted to fix the then broken immigration system in place. The journal gave numbers that back then were great by their measures, in border arrests and illegal immigrant arrests within the country. This journal went into detail on the political aspects of the Control Act, how it affected immigration law by set by previous lawmakers, and how it affected politics in the country in both parties. This journal was more specific into the policies that the Control Act would affect. That is to say such things as, border security and its true application in reality, the current system used to verify working status, and how to actually implement these changes in the government. This is helpful because my other journals were more based on the reasons why it should be done and this one is more based on the actual reality of implementing these changes and how to go about them. This journal is reliable because Alan K. Simpson served as the Chairman on theU.S. Senate Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Policy. He was a senator from 1979 to 1997 from Wyoming.

Source 4 ZOLBERG, Aristide R. "The Politics of Immigration 'Reform'" Revue Franaise D'tudes Amricaines No. 41 (1980): 263-76. JSTOR. Web. 21 Feb. 2014. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/20871999>.

This journal breaks down the current American immigration system into three parts. First being reuniting family members, through visas, applying for residence, or citizenship. The second allowing war refugees to enter the country including those seeking asylum from their own countries. The third would be to obtain seasonal workers throughout the year for the agricultural economy. The journal further identifies as the third reason being the one of greatest debate because it has both approval and opposition in both parties due to it greatly affecting the labor force of the country. The end goal of the journal was to explore how these three things influence the Immigration Reform and Control act of 1986 otherwise known as the Reform of 86. Although, this journal was written years ago it still greatly relevant to my current topic. The reform of 1986 set a precedent for the legislation that President Obama is currently pushing. Just like the legislation then, todays current issue is dominated by the idea of cheap labor through illegal immigration and how it takes American jobs from citizens. I can use this journal to compare the then and now but more importantly see how that Act effected the economy and use it to help me predict how this current legislation could affect the economy currently. The journal and author are credible because he only uses well known credible sources by published authors. He himself is well published on the issue of immigration both in America and

International. As well this journal was found in JSTOR which is a very reliable data base for information.

Source 5 King, John. "Inside Politics: Boehner Says 'never Mind' on Immigration." CNN. Cable News Network, 07 Feb. 2014. Web. 8 Mar. 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/07/politics/johnking-inside-politics-boehner-immigration/index.html?iref=allsearch

This article quickly summarizes the stance by the GOP on the current immigration reform issue. It goes on to talk about the current indecisiveness of the House Speaker Boehner and his inability to stick to one or another statement. The article makes the assumption based off of current fact that the GOP does not want to pass immigration reform this year for the fear of the backlash they will receive from their own red voters. This is due to the current election year in which key senate and house seats are up for grabs and they are afraid of alienating their republican base and losing seats. This article does not necessarily contribute to my report but does help serve basis to a theory I could use in it. My theory being like stated in the article that the GOP refuses to pass the reform due to their fear of backlash even though there is clear approval and desire nationwide of a reform to happen. This article is credible because it was written by a credited reporter at CNN and cited the House Speaker Boehner and numbers provided by large nationwide poling.

Reflection

The hardest part of the citation portion would be the actual sitting down to read and take notes on the long journals. Also, contributing to that would be because of the need to have minimum five sources to begin with that were credible. Thus, giving me long journals to read and understand. The easiest part was definitely creating the citations. With the resources provided by the UNCC library and even resources online it was simple to put them together. What I like best so far and how it seems my paper will outline is my sources especially my three journals and book. With these, I can break my paper into sections such as history, precedents(reform 86), and current issues. Which I feel will give my paper much more meat so to speak and provide it with greater detail. With my research it has caused me to think about the global effects of the reform. That is because the United States is the world power in every sense in both military strength and economic strength. So, if the country suffers economically it will be felt around the world, and if it has a boom then the world will also feel a positive effect. So, maybe with my paper another question I could posed and hope to answer is how it could in the grand scheme affect the economy not just in the country but also across the world.

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