a.

larutan Konsentrasi
pH
Hasil
perhitungan
pH meter pH universal
HCl
1 M 0 0,16 0
0,1 M 1 1,30 1
0,01 M 2 2,24 2
0,001 M 3 3,53 4
NaOH
1 M 14 13,30 14
0,1 M 13 12,75 13
0,01 M 12 11,54 12
0,001 M 11 9,55 7

b. pH larutan dapar
Jenis dapar
Dapar asetat
pH meter
pH universal
pH dapar hasil perhitungan
4,46
pH dapar hasil pengukuran 4,58
4
Kapasitas Dapar
0,078
pH dapar setelah penambahan basa 12,17
4
pH dapar setelah penambahan asam 2,01
2

1. Perhitungan
1) Pembuatan larutan HCl 2 M sebanyak 1 liter

2) Pembuatan larutan NaOH 2 M sebanyak 1 liter

3) Pembuatan larutan CH
3
COOH 2 M sebanyak 1 liter

4) Menetukan pH asam dan basa
a. Larutan HCl
HCl 0,001 M HCl 0,1 M
pH = -log [H
+
] pH = -log [H
+
]
= -log 10
-3
= - log 10
-1

= 3 = 1
HCl 0,01 M HCl 1,0 M
pH = -log [H
+
] pH = -log [H
+
]
= -log 10
-2
= -log 10
= 2 = 0


b. Larutan NaOH
NaOH 0,001 M NaOH 0,1 M
pOH = -log [OH
-
] pOH = -log [OH
-
]
= -log 10
-3
= -log 10
-1

= 3 = 1
pH = pKw pOH pH = pKw pOH
= 14 3 = 14 1
= 11 = 13
NaOH 0,01 M NaOH 1,0 M
pOH = -log [OH
-
] pOH = -log [OH
-
]
= -log 10
-2
= -log 10
= 2 = 0
pH = pKw pOH pH = pKw pOH
= 14 2 = 14 0
= 12 = 14
5) pH dapar asetat
50 ml CH3COOH 0,2 M 50 ml x 0,2 M = 10 mmol
50 ml NaOH 0,1 M 50 ml x 0,1 M = 5 mmol
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
Awal : 10 mmol 5 mmol - -
Bereaksi : 5 mmol 5 mmol 5mmol -
5 mmol 0 5 mmol -
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01

6) Menghitung kapasitas dapar
C = [garam] + [asam]
= 0,1 + 0,05
= 0,15
Ka = antilog (-PKa)
= antilog (-4,76)
= 1,74x 10
-5
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]


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