Chapter 3 Summary

Multi-Step Equations and Inequalities

Andrew Cunningham
Thursday, November 14th, 2013
!
"
<
>
=
+
>
1/3n - 36 " 22
36

58 1/3n "
+
x
>
7
5
1/3x > 25
1/3

1/3

Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Properties
The Distributive Property
Its when you distribute a large number in a multiplication problem tom make it easier to solve
Lets use the distributive for this problem, 7(63) we can make the problem 7(60) + 7(3) = 441
The Commutative Property
Its when you change the order of each side of an equation, but still keeping it equal
There is the Commutative property of Addition and Multiplication
Here is the the Commutative Property of Addition 4 + 6 + 8 = 6 + 4 + 8
Here is the Commutative Property of Multiplication 6 x 9 x 10 = 10 x 6 x 9
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Properties (Continued)

The Associative Property

Its when you move the way numbers are
grouped from Parentheses
There is an Associative Property of Addition
and Multiplication
Here is the Associative Property of Addition
(5 + 6) + 3 = 5 + (6 + 3)
Associative Property of Multiplication 6 x (7
x 4) = (6 x 7) x 4
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
4(7x - 3) + 2x
Above you see an equation that can not be
solved, all we can do is simplify.
You rst have to combine all the like terms,
which means combined all coe!cients that
have same variables behind it or dont have
one
You rst have to combined the 7x with 2x,
but since 7 is being multiplied by 4 in the
parentheses you multiply 7x by 4 = 28x,
then + 2x = 30x. This is the distributive
property.
You do the same for -3, so -3 x 4 = -12
Simplied the equation equals 30x - 12
Pi has nothing to do with it.. It just looks cool.
Steps to Simplify
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
7x -10 -9x = -13
This problem is a bit more complex, but still pretty easy
First combine like terms
7x and -9x or 7x - 9x = -2x and also -10
So I have -2x - 10 = -13, I now have to isolate the
variable
I rst, add 10 to remove the -10, but I have to do it to
both sides; so you add 10 + -13 = -3
I now have -2x = -3, I now take away the -2 from x by
dividing by -2, now you do it to -3; so -3/-2 = 1.5
In conclusion x = 1.5
Steps To Solve
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Steps to Solve

In order to solve this problem you should rst cancel out the fractions.
6/1(5x/6 + x/3 - 1/2) = (11/6) 6/1

You should have gotten this by canceling out the fractions using the
common divisor of 6. 5x + 2x - 3 = 11

The next step is combing like terms like this.

5x + 2x - 3 = 11 ----> 5x + 2x = 7x

Now you should have, its an easy two step equation: 7x - 3 = 11

Now add 3 to -3 to cancel it and then add 3 to 11 as well.

7x = 14 -----> x = 2
5x/6 + x/3 - 1/2 = 11/6
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Steps to Solve and Graph

If you want to solve the equation above you have to start by using the inverse
operation. 2" x/-5

Inverse Op: 2 " x/-5 ---> -5 x 5 cancel 5 --> 2 x 5 = 10

Next ip the greater than sign because you were dealing w/ negative numbers. Now
you should have 10 ! x

Graph: Flip the equation so the variable is on the left side. x " 10

What ever side the sign is pointing is the way youre graphing the variable.

Basically you are saying any number below 10 on the number line could be x
2 " x/-5
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
10
x
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Steps to Solve and Graph

The rst step is using the inverse operation. Subtract 4

from its self to cancel it. Like this: -4x + 4 ! -8
-4x + 4 ! -8
- 4 - 4

-4x ! -12
Now its a simple two step
equation:
-4x ! -12
/4 /4

x " -3 Make sure to ip the symbol!

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
-3
X
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Open and Closed Circles
on a Number Line

When comparing numbers

in algebra there are 5
symbols for doing so.

" and ! They both mean at

least and at most. This is
when you would use a
closed circle.

< and > Both mean greater

than and less than. You
would use closed
circles here.

The nal symbol is =. You use

this to signify that both
numbers are equal!
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Word Problems #1-2
Chris wants to buy a bike that costs $160. If he saves $12 each week, what is the fewest
number of weeks she must save in order to buy the bike?
12n !160

12 12
160 12 = 13.3

n ! 13.3

Mark worked on math homework less than 1/3 the amount of time that his brother did.
If Mark spent 25 minutes on his math homework, how much did his brother spend?
1/3x > 25 25 1/3 = 75
x > 75
Answer: 14 weeks
1/3

1/3

1/3x > 75
Answer: x > 75
Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43
Word Problem #1
One third of a number, decreased by
thirty-six, is at most twenty two. nd
the number.
1/3n - 36 " 22

1/3
1/3
36

58 1/3n "
+
58 1/3n "
Answer:
n " 19.33

n " 19.33

Cunningham, Andrew Tuesday, November 19, 2013 9:53:26 AM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:ec:43