Auto Tech 3TS3, 2013 Fluid Mechanics

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Assignment # 6 Solution
Internal Flow

[1] Consider a horizontal 4-ft-diameter galvanized-iron pipe simulating the Alaska Pipeline.
The oil flow is 70 million U.S. gallons per day, at a density of 910 kg/m
3
and viscosity of 0.01
kg/ms. Each pump along the line raises the oil pressure to 8 MPa, which then drops, due to
head loss, to 400 kPa at the entrance to the next pump. Estimate (a) the appropriate distance
between pumping stations; and (b) the power required if the pumps are 88% efficient.

[2] A 70% efficient pump delivers water at 20C from one
reservoir to another 20 ft higher, as in Fig. P2. The piping
system consists of 60 ft of galvanized-iron 2-in pipe, a
reentrant entrance, two screwed 90 long-radius elbows, a
screwed-open gate valve, and a sharp exit. What is the input
power required in horsepower with and without a 6 well-
designed conical expansion added to the exit? The flow rate is
0.4 ft
3
/s. Take Kexit for 6
o
cone = 0.3.



Fig. P2


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[3] The water pump in Fig. P3 maintains a pressure of 6.5 psig at point 1. There is a filter, a
half-open disk valve (K = 2.8), and two regular screwed elbows (K = 0.64 each). There are 80 ft
of 4-inch diameter commercial steel pipe. (a) If the flow rate is 0.4 ft
3
/s, what is the loss
coefficient of the filter? (b) If the disk valve is wide open and K
filter
= 7, what is the resulting flow
rate?


Fig. P3



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[4] In Fig. P4 there are 125 ft of 2-in pipe, 75 ft of 6-in pipe, and 150 ft of 3-in pipe, all cast iron.
There are two 90 elbows and an open globe valve, all flanged. If the exit elevation is zero, what
horsepower is extracted by the turbine when the flow rate is 0.16 ft
3
/s of water at 20C?


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Fig. P4




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[5] In Fig. P5 all pipes are 8-cm-diameter cast iron. Determine the flow rate from reservoir (1)
if valve C is (a) closed; and (b) open, with Kvalve = 0.5. Take the loss coefficient for line junction
AB as 0.9 and for branch junction AC as 1.3.


Fig. P5




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