History Book Yayay

Parkatopia
THE ANSWER TO WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL

CIVILIZATION
Parker Hanley
Hanley, Anne Thursday, June 5, 2014 11:31:38 AM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:66:83
SECTION 1
The savanna is a very controversial setting to re-
side in. The temperature here is scorching. Every-
thing the light touches is desiccated. The grass and
small shrubs that cover the ground feel brittle.
They are yellow and brown due to the dryness.
They have lost their color. The blazing weather
causes drought, which causes great dehydration
for citizens. As the sun beats down from above, it
would cause somebody to feel so faint. It so bright
that if stared at for too long, it is blinding. There
are some dark puffy clouds, but they dont make a
difference. The clouds are almost a decoration,
they could disappear and everything else would
stay the same. The fragrance of Blood and decaying
The brilliant civilization we now all know as Parkalatiopia will be built in the beautiful savanna.
Introduction
1
carcass occasionally pervades the air in the sa-
vanna due to the inhabitants of animals in the area.
Otherwise, the savanna holds the aroma of barren
grass and plant life. Breathe in; the scent is almost
dry, it would leave the nose stinging and the tongue
feeling like a cardboard cup. Looking into the dis-
tance there are gazelle and antelope promenading
the endless savanna. They are the nishing touch
on an exquisite painting. This environment is pre-
dominantly very undisturbed. It is the essential des-
tination to relax in the bleeding hot weather. It is re-
laxing to some. Lying on the long dry grass, feet in
the cool dark stream, it feels almost like youre star-
ring on an animal planet show.
It is in this favorable/unfavorable geographic envi-
ronment that the civilization of Parkalatopia will be
founded. It is a civilization whose design takes its in-
spiration from the study of past civilizations such
as the Arabs, the Aztecs, the Greeks, the Mayans,
the Mesopotamians, and the Romans, among oth-
ers. This book will document the necessary steps to
take in order to create a successful civilization.
2
People are children of their environments
- Shinichi Suzuki
CHAPTER 1
3
Modifications
SECTION 1
Part I- Analysis of the Problem
The initial step in building a successful civiliza-
tion is to secure basic human needs such as food
and water. Due to its geographic location, the major
challenges that the civilization of Parkalatopia
faces in attaining a sufcient supply of food and wa-
ter include the following:
In Parkalatopia, the plains are blistering with
heat and almost as dry as sand that has never
touched water. This makes starting a civilization in
Parkalatopia a challenge. Left to right, across Par-
Source: http://www.smith.edu/garden/exhibits/feast_your_eyes/chinampas.jpg
Human Changes to the Land
4
kalatopia, there are rarely any trees. The closest
thing is the dried reeds that grow near the so called
water which we barely see any of. That is why the
reeds are so dry. Though there is some water, it is
scarce because there are many droughts in Parkala-
topia due to the weather. The weather dries out our
grass and soil. The soil in Parkalatopia isnt the
best place to be planting crops. This makes the food
scarce also. There are many wild animals in the
area, but they arent worried about getting killed by
parkadorians. These animals are only worrying
about their prey. That prey the wild animals are
hunting is the same prey the parkadorians are
hunting. This is a ght for food, which is tough be-
cause the wild animals could bring us down easily.
The challenge for food and water in Parkalatopia is
a very difcult one.
Part II- Proposed Solutions
In Parkalatopia, starting a civilization is quite
the test. The land of Parkalatopia has been claimed
by the Parkadorians. This land is scorched by the
sun, has an unmanageable water source, unfertile
soil, and merely any resources at all to build a sta-
ble shelter. Certainly, there is a way for Parkadori-
ans to survive such an environment. To do this, Par-
kadorians must adapt to the bleeding hot weather,
the differing water source, and all of the other
many challenges this environment brings. Parka-
dorians will create modications, and improvise
with the habitat, to invent structures and systems
to better their lives in Parkalatopia. Through modi-
cations, systems created or changes in the environ-
ment to better the civilizating, and adaptations,
changes made in the humans ways to live better in
the specic environment, Parkalatopia will be a Uto-
pian civilization.
1. The main impediment in the advancement of
the Parkadorian civilization, commonly known as
Parkalatopia, would unquestionably be the limita-
tion in the source of water. To solve this inconven-
ience, Parkadorians will use modications. Because
of the turbulent water source, Parkadorians will
build levees in the rivers to control the origin of the
water. This will keep the water from dehydrating,
and also allow Parkadorians to skillfully cultivate
crops. When the soil of the crops begins to dry, Par-
kadorians will jab openings into the levees. Doing
this, will allow the water to ow over the plants, hy-
drating them. Though the Parkadorians wouldnt be
the rst to perform such a trick. In the past, Sum-
erian farmers had also used levees to better their
lives. Sumerian farmers began to create irrigation
systems to provide water for their elds. They
5
build earth walls, called levees, around the sides of
the river to prevent ooding. (Frey 36). The idea
of Levees has been passed on. Levees were the quin-
tessential modication in Parkalatopia, thanks to
the Sumerians.
2. A secondary dilemma in the development of
the civilization of Parkalatopia would be the re-
straint in food provided to the Parkadorians. This is
another general misfortune in creating a civiliza-
tion along side of the uncontrollable water source.
The Parkadorians must ascertain how to create a
modication that will allow copious amounts of food
to feed the whole civilization. For the reason that
there is unfertile and dry soil, the Parkadorians
have prescribed that they will build oating gar-
dens, otherwise known as chinampas. Since the
Parkadorians are also building levees, the water
supply will be controlled. Now that there is an inex-
haustible water reserve, there will be enough water
to make the chinampas, thanks to the levees. The
Aztecs rst had the visualization of oating gar-
dens. First they reclaimed land from the lake by
sinking timbers into the water to serve as walls and
lling the area between the timbers with mud, boul-
ders, and reeds. In this way they created small is-
lands called chinampas, or oating gardens.
(Frey 274). They brought this idea to existence and
it has been passed on through civilizations. Now
the Parkadorians will be using this strategy in bet-
tering their society. Due to these modications, Par-
kadorians will now be able to live in Parkalatopia
successfully.
6
Predators are a challenge in collecting a large food supply for
the Parkadorian civilizetion.
http://ibc.lynxeds.com/les/pictures/Lappetfaced_Vulture_At
tacking_Golden_Jackal_Tanzania_Philip_Perry.jpg
The peoples good is the highest law.
-Cicero
CHAPTER 2
7
Law and Government
Source: http://www.achicagothing.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/supremecourt.jpg
SECTION 1
Lessons from the Past Governments
Lesson #1
Athens sets many examples of a successful
civilization, but knowing how laws will affect peo-
ple can stand, as the most important. The Oligar-
chy, one of the government forms used in Athens,
favored the wealthy, which did not have a success-
ful outcome. Under the oligarchs, the rich became
richer and the poor became poorer. Many people
who werent wealthy came to hate the oligarchs.
Eventually, the poor turned to leaders who prom-
ised to improve their lives, (Frey 255). The gov-
ernment needs to x the laws so that most people
source: http://www.careerrocketeer.com/wp-content/uploads/Judge-and-Jury.jpg
Maintaining Civil Order
8
in the community are satised. If there is a law that
favors the wealthy, that is unfair because it benets
citizens that are already in good hands. A poor citi-
zen will think lowly of that law because the poor
and weak need to benet from laws also because
they are not yet in good hands. If a civilization
doesnt obtain fair laws that benet most of the
population, citizens will turn away and move to an-
other civilization that does have fair laws. Al-
though, it is a challenge to please everyone, there is
always the ability to compromise. The government
should be able to do what they can to satisfy the pre-
ponderance of their civilization.
Lesson #2
I think that in a successful government, every-
body over the age of 17 should have a say in the
laws of Parkalatopia. In Parkalatopia, there will be
a government team of about 50 important men and
women. This will allow new and bright ideas to be
formed. Parkalatopia will be a democracy, meaning
that, not including the juveniles, every being of the
civilization will have a say in the laws. That way,
laws will be fair and they will be determined if the
majority votes for them. If a group of elders deter-
mines laws, the elders will base laws on the time
when they were middle-aged. If the laws are deter-
mined by a group of 18 year olds, many laws will be
unrealistic and the 18 year olds may feel the need
to rebel against the civilization. If everybody had a
say, laws would be based on something that most
people agreed on. The idea that people should rule
themselves would survive. In time, the ideal of de-
mocracy would become one of the great gifts of an-
cient Greece to the modern world. (Frey 257). In a
civilization, being able to have a say on a law before
it is determined is a great opportunity. It is a kind
of compromise that will keep a civilization happy
and united because everybody worked together to
decide on a law to make Parkalatopia a better place.
9
his photo symbolizes unity of the rich and the poor because
there will be laws in Parkatopia that equally benet them.
http://nomoredirtylooks.com/wp-content/uploads/couple
-holding-hands.jpg
Lesson #3
Fairness is a main regulation in creating a suc-
cessful civilization. Without fairness in a civiliza-
tion, things can easily fall apart. In the past, govern-
ments have made unfair laws. This caused citizens
to rebel, which caused the form of government cre-
ating the unfair laws to end. For example, the Tyr-
anny was lead by a selsh leader. The leader paid
spies to report people who said bad things about
him, and they would be executed. This was unfair
because the citizens had to obey the leader by force.
Talking about the last Tyrant leader, He paid spies
to report anyone who criticized him. As his rule be-
came unbearable, he was nally forced to leave
power. (Frey 256). Citizens soon learned to hate
the leader
Code of Laws
The major threats in Parkalatopia arent bad
compared to others, but threats like trade, prop-
erty, justice, behavior, and health are threats to
be taken note on. The rst and most harmful threat
is the unfair use of trade. This is a major threat be-
cause in Parkalatopia, there are people from all dif-
10
http://greece.mrdonn.org/athens1.gif
Parkatopia is a democracy which means that everyone has a say.
In Parkatopia, fairness is a virtue.
http://sweetclipart.com/multisite/sweetclipart/les/legal
_scales_black_silhouette.png
ferent civilizations coming in and out. Without
laws, this could get out of hand. Laws such as If
you trade something that is not permitted for trade,
you will be put in prison for 3 years, are the type of
laws that will keep trading safe and unharmed.
Most of the laws in Parkalatopia have a punishment
of prison. This is a good punishment because it al-
lows people to feel guilty, but also not lost some-
thing that could change their lives. The laws of Par-
kalatopia are reasonable laws that are determined
by the civilization. The laws fall under the catego-
ries major threats of Parkalatopia unlike Hammu-
rabis Code. Talking about Hammurabi, He
claimed that the gods had told him to create the
laws that applied to everyone in the empire. Be-
cause they were based on the gods will, the laws
could never be changed. Hammurabis laws benet-
ted him, and they were not completely necessary.
In Parkalatopia, the enforced laws will be necessary
laws that fall under the categories of the major
threats.
In Parkalatopia, there are ve major categories of
laws. Each of those categories contains a law that is
most important.
I. If someone is to trade something not permitted
for trade, they will serve 3 years in prison.
II. If someone is to steal or vandalize anothers
property, they must pay back what was stolen or
vandalized and spend 1 year or more in prison de-
pending on the damage done.
III. If you are to murder someone, you will serve the
rest of your life in prison, unless used for self-
defense.
11
Citizens of Parkatopia stay true to laws. Laws in Parkatopia are to be
taken seriously and if they are not, there will be consequences.
http://maggieameanderings.com/images/2011/Law1.png
IV. If you are to threaten someone of their life, you
will spend 6 months in prison and a reasonable
time in rehabilitation.
V. If you are ill, you may not leave your house.
When you are well, you must clean your home from
disease. If you are found outside of your home, you
will spend 3 months working for Parkatopia.
Laws of Parkalatopia are necessary because
without them a civilization will not be in control.
The laws that have been come up with are laws that
will solve all of the biggest conicts of Parkalatopia.
The rst and most important law, if someone is to
trade something not permitted for trade, they will
serve 3 years in prison, is the solution for one of
the issues that falls into the category of trade.
Trade is the top major threat because Parkalatopia
isnt an area that has many resources so we must
trade with many other civilizations for better
things in order to keep a healthy civilization. That
law just mentioned will keep trading safe, which
will put a signicant benet on Parkalatopia. The
second placeholder in the major categories of laws
is the property category. Since Parkalatopia isnt
the largest of civilizations, and it doesnt have the
most resources, some Parkadorians feel the need to
steal or vandalize other n property. A law that will
x this problem states, If someone is to steal or
vandalize anothers property, they must pay back
what was stolen or vandalized and spend 1 year or
more in prison depending on what was taken or ru-
ined. Not nished.
Political Leadership
Julius Caesar had high points in his career as
dictator that gained citizens trust, but those
points were not enough to fully reign as a success-
ful dictator in the civilization of Rome. Caesar was
very giving as it seemed, and he worked hard to
please as many citizens as possible. He gave to the
poor so that they could live better lives, but was
that for their own good? Or was it for his trust? Cae-
sar did alot to benet the civilization. as stated in
Julius Caesars rule as dictator, As dictator, Ju-
lius Caesar introduced many economic and social re-
forms. He gave work to thousands of Romans by
starting projects to make new roads and public
buildings. To keep the poor happy, he staged gladia-
tor contests they could watch for free. As you can
see Caesar helped the citizens that could not easily
help themselves into living a happier life. This
12
pleased many citizens and Julius gained the trust
of many. Although doing those deeds may seem
great, Julius had a very high self esteem. Caesar
put his name and image in places so important that
all of Rome knew his name and knew to watch out
for him. As stated in Julius Caesars rule as dicta-
tor, Caesar became king in all but name. He had
his name stamped on coins, had his statue put in
the temple and wore royal purple. He took power
from the Senate and made the magistrates (civil of-
cers and judges) his appointees. Wearing the
royal purple and placing his image in the temple
was not something to be remembered as good.
Many citizens saw that as unnecessary and igno-
rant. Stamping Caesars name on coins was selsh,
but with every citizen of Rome having the name of
Julius Caesar on their currency, everybody knew
who he was and started to see him as a threat even
though he did such great deeds. The citizens
started to realize that maybe the good deeds were
just to gain trust and make citizens happy with
him. Maybe all he wanted was power. Soon the 60
senators of Rome that thought against Caesar de-
cided to revolt. Julius Caesar died due to the assas-
sins of the 60 senators. They stabbed Caesar 23
times and he bled to death. This has taught that to
continue a successful civilization, you must work
with the power that is given.
In Parkatopia, citizens will learn from Augus-
tus Caesar by learning how to form a more safe and
beautiful civilization.Augustus reigned as Romes
rst emperor. Augustus worked hard to beautify
Rome. As stated in Political Leadership of Caesar
Augustus, Augustus began a program to build 82
temples, new statues, theaters, and a large outdoor
13
arena, or forum. Citizens of Parkatopia will be edu-
cated on art and architecture. They will build stat-
ues, buildings, and sculptures to transform Parkato-
pia into something beautiful. This will attract citi-
zens because it is more appealing to live in an area
of beauty than in an area this is butt-ugly. A beauti-
ful civilization will appear safer also attracting
more citizens. Augustus Caesars program was a
huge success and denitely gained him praise by
the citizens of Rome. If Parkatopia participates in a
program like Augustus Caesars to make the civili-
zation more beautiful, Parkatopia could be one step
closer to a successful civilization.
Decline of the Western Roman Empire
Part 1
The main reason for the decline of the West-
ern Roman Empire was the decline in morals and
values in Rome. The streets in Rome became very
hazardous,holding about 32,000 prostitutes, due to
crime and violence. Roman Emperors practically
supported these crimes and events and did almost
nothing to prevent them. Emperors of Rome such
as Nero and Caligula held sumptuous parties
where people would eat and drink until they be-
came ill. Hosting these types of parties made Nero
and Caligula notorious. Considering the amuse-
ments that were convened, Roman emperors did
not set a good example. As stated in Decline of
theWestern Roman Empire, The most popular
amusement was watching the gladiator combats in
the Coliseum. These were attended by the poor, the
rich, and frequently the emperor himself. As gladia-
tors fought, vicious cries and curses were heard
from the audience. Gladiators fought to the death
of one another in these bloodsheds.Those events
14
paintings
books

were very popular, but showed a great deal of disre-
spect for humankind. For amusement, citizens of
Rome would attend the coliseum to watch gladia-
tors destroy each other, which sounds almost bar-
baric. With all of the disrespect that these events
held, citizens thought of it as daily life and started
to disrespect each other. The decline of Rome was
mainly due to lack in morals and values in Rome be-
cause Roman citizens showed a lack of respect for
one another and how the outcome of their decisions
would affect people
Part 2
To prevent a decline of morals and values in
Parkatopia, the emperor and citizens with good
morals and values will set examples. Citizens of Par-
katopia who show a lack in morals and values
would be imprisoned and/or exiled. Those people
set a bad example in the civilization. To create a
good civilization, the Parkadorians that set bad ex-
amples shall not be welcome. Everyone in Parkato-
pia is welcome until they show a decline in morals
and values. This will encourage good behavior and
15
In Rome, gladiator combats were a popular activity to watch.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Reti
arius_vs_secutor_from_Borghese_mosaic.jpg
Too much military spending in Rome lead to a decline in mor-
als and values.
http://www.thesleuthjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/20
13/09/military-spending-us.jpg
create a happy and healthy civilization with morals
and values. Also, if there is an emperor that is show-
ing disrespect to morals and values, he shall be im-
peached and someone new will take the throne. In
Rome, some emperors spent too much money on
military spending, which did not show good mor-
als and values and badly effected Rome. According
to Decline of the Western Roman Empire, Main-
taining an army to defend the border of the Empire
from barbarian attacks was a constant drain on
the government. Military spending left few re-
sources for other vital activities, such as providing
public housing and maintaining quality roads and
aqueducts. Frustrated romans lost their desire to
defend the empire. This shows that an Emperor
who does not show morals and values can greatly
effect the civilization. Not enough money was spent
on things other than the Military, which could have
caused citizens to rebel, which is not showing mor-
als and values. Showing disrespect for the civiliza-
tions needs is something an emperor of Parkatopia
should never do, which is a major lack of morals
and values. To create a successful civilization in
Parkatopia, every citizen will show morals and val-
ues, making every Parkadorian happy.
16
As a [person] believes, so will the person act.
- Sam Harris
CHAPTER 3
17
Belief Systems
SECTION 1
Importance of Belief Systems
Without a belief system, the mindsets and be-
liefs of people in a civilization would be exceedingly
diverse. A belief system brings citizens together
and creates similarities for these diverse citizens.
Without a belief system, individuals wont know of
correct manners and moral responsibilities. Citi-
zens that belong in a civilization that has a belief
system have indistinguishable ideas and thoughts
due to their beliefs. Hindu, Buddhist, and Confu-
cianism are all wonderful belief systems. A belief
Impact of Belief Systems
18
system is important because it allows citizens to get
along and relate to each other.
To better understand the role of belief systems
within a civilization and how they can inuence the
actions and decisions of a people, consider the fol-
lowing moral dilemma:
Obey or Resist
Joe is a fourteen-year-old boy who wanted to go
to camp very much. His father promised him he
could go if he saved up the money for it himself. So
Joe worked hard at his paper route and saved up
the $40 dollars it cost to go to camp, and a little
more besides. But just before camp was going to
start, his father changed his mind. Some of his fa-
thers friends decided to go on a special shing trip,
and Joe's father was short of the money it would
cost. So he told Joe to give him the money he had
saved from the paper route. Joe didn't want to give
up going to camp, so he thinks of refusing to give
his father the money.
If a Hindu were to portray Joe in this situation,
he would believe that the moral obligation would
be to give his father the money that he was asking
for because he would be doing a good deed to help
him live a better life after reincarnation.. Not only
was the Hindu doing something good for his elder,
he was doing something that would help follow his
dharma to receive better karma. In Hinduism, peo-
ple believe that once you die, you are reborn into a
new life. Joe would be doing a good deed by giving
money to his father, so he could possibly be reborn
19
In the hindu belief, people believe that
your future is based on your dharma,
which is controlled by your karma.The
character Joe must make the correct chioce
to effect his karma for the better.
https://www.kagyu.org/ktd/giving/imag
es/buddha.png
into a higher place in the caste system as a reward
of good karma. According to Frey, Karma was
made up of all the good and evil that a person had
done in past lives. If people lived well, they might be
born into a higher class in their next life. If they
lived badly, they could expect to be reborn into a
lower class (149). If Joe had not given his father
the money he wanted, he would be selsh and per-
haps be reborn into a lower class. Joe would also be
creating a better relationship between him and his
father, allowing them to relate Although, Joe and
his father were both being selsh, Joes father is
the elder and shall be respected. Overall, if Joe gave
his father the money he would be helping his karma
for the better. Therefor, giving his father money
would be the morally correct decision to make.
If a Confucian were to play the act of Joe, he
would believe that giving his father his money
would be the morally correct decision to make be-
cause it would strengthen the relationship between
them. In Confucianism, there are ve main relation-
ships. One of those is the relationship between fa-
ther and son. Joes father may be suggesting a bad
relationship between him and Joe by asking for
money, but although that may be true, Confucius be-
lieves you must respect your elders. According to
Frey, All people must respect and obey those above
them. In particular, they must respect their elders
(208). By not giving his father money, Joe is not re-
specting or obeying his elder, which is frowned
upon in this civilization. Since respecting your eld-
ers is the main law of Confucianism, Joe wouldnt
be able to risk his chances when ceasing this law. If
Joe gave his father the money he wanted, the fa-
ther and son may be able to get along and agree on
more! Therefore, If Joe were a part of Confucianism
and made the decision to not give him father the
money he wanted, then he would be held guilty.
Based on the beliefs of the Hindu and Confucian-
ism civilizations, Joe should most likely make the
decision to give his father the money he wants.
Both the Hindu and Confucianism civilizations be-
lieved that Joe should respect his elders and not be
selsh with his money. Since Joe and his father
both want things, they can relate. Joe should know
that giving money to his father would be building a
better and stronger relationship with his father too.
Although it may seem unfair because Joes father
promised Joe the privilege to go to camp, until Joe
is a legal adult, he has full power over what Joe
does.
Role of The Roman Catholic Church
20
I. Explain how the churchs economic and political
power grew in Medieval Empire after the collapse
of the Western Roman Empire.
The Roman Catholic Church in Medieval
Europe grew in economic power after the collapse
of the Western Roman Empire in 476 C.E. The
church owned the greatest amount of land due to
the Western Roman Empire. Since the church just
wanted a greater amount of land and support, they
collected tax from people for support and to help
broaden the amount of land they could afford. This
tax was called tithe and asked for 10% of each citi-
zens prot. As stated in Frey, By the year 1050,
[the church] was the largest landholder in Europe.
Some land came in the form of gifts from monarchs
and wealthy lords (33). Although taking money by
force to obtain more land wasnt completely neces-
sary, the church owned lots of land, and they
wanted more because it expanded their power. The
taxes people were paying were not good economi-
cally for the Western Roman Empire because they
caused people to lose money. This caused a lack of
unity and similarities within the civilization be-
cause instead of spending time with other citizens
sharing similarities, they were stressing about pay-
ing taxes to support the church. It also caused
unity in the civilization because people were able to
support each other if one was not able to pay. Taxes
to support the church were a sizable effect on Rome
economically, and may have not been in place if it
wasnt for the collapse of the Western Roman Em-
pire.
The Roman Catholic Church in Medieval
Europe grew in political power as well after the col-
lapse of the Western Roman Empire in 476 C.E. In
addition, the only people who could read and write
were church ofcials. They also could read and
write in Latin, which was the language of the
church, but not many other people spoke Latin at
21
Tithe is the tax from the church that asks for 10% of ones
income to help support the church.
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iStock_000001857345Medium.jpg
all even though it was the common language of
Rome. Due to this, the church ofcials took many re-
cords for the monarchs and other people. Since
they took so many records, they became trusted ad-
visors. Since the church gained so much power, it
created conicts with monarchs. A key conict was
with Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV. As stated in
Frey, [Gregory VII] banned the practice whereby
kings could appoint priests, bishops, and heads of
monasteries(33). Gregory saw the religious lead-
ers as a threat because they knew so much about
him because of the records they took for him. If
church ofcials werent the only people that knew
how to read and write, they may be more trusted.
This created a lack of unity and similarities in the
civilization because it caused the church ofcials to
stand out and made it harder for them to unify with
other citizens. Other people may have been able to
learn how to read and write too if it werent for the
collapse of the Western Roman Empire.
II. How did the Catholic Church inuence peoples
thoughts and actions during the middle ages?
The Catholic Church inuenced peoples
thoughts and actions during the Middle Ages
through education. The sons of nobles were able to
learn through universities, monasteries, con-
vents, and cathedrals. They learned how to read
and write and memorized bible passages. The sons
of nobles took many classes such as Latin gram-
mar, theology, rhetoric, logic, geometry, arithme-
tic, music, and astronomy. Although the students
were receiving a good education, the church was
not fond of the teachings. The church taught that
all things were taught from gods teachings, but the
school did not. The church feared that people would
question their teachings and betray them. As stated
in Frey, Thomas Aquinas, an Italian scholar of phi-
losophy and theology, tried to bridge the gap be-
tween faith and reason, because he believed that
both were gifts of God. Through education, Chris-
tians learned about evolution and how humans
evolved from nature. This statement disagreed with
the churchs teachings because they tell that hu-
mans came from Adam and Eve. Thomas Aquinas
showed that even if humans evolved from nature,
that it was still Gods plan. This inuenced peoples
thoughts and actions because people started to
have distrust in the church, but Thomas Aquinas
turned that around. Through education, people
learned new things that they wouldnt have learned
in the church and caused them to think differently.
22
Belief System of Parkatopia
In an effort to create a successful civilization,
the people of Parkatopia have established their own
belief system. It shares similar religious beliefs and
teachings with other world religions and helps peo-
ple of Parkatopia share similarities and unity. Here
are some examples.
The rst belief pillar in Parkatopia is Tate,
which symbolizes devotion. Tate is the most impor-
tant pillar to Parkadorians because a belief in their
one god, Cookie, is essential. Since the day a Parka-
dorian is baptized, they have pledged their devotion
and submission to Cookie. They must share the
teachings of Cookie and help bring others to devote
their lives to him. Tate connects to the Islam pillar
of Shahadah because they both enforce believing
only in their one god. As stated by Frey, To show
belief in one God, and in Muhammads prophet
hood, a Muslim says, there is no god but God, and
Muhammad is the messenger of God (96). Both
Tate and Shahadah show a pledge to there one and
single god. They both make for a successful civiliza-
tion because they allow every citizen to agree on
what they are being taught (the teachings of their
god). If everyone in Parkatopia pledges and devotes
their beliefs to Cookie, following the pillar of Tate,
then everyone will agree on his teachings, allowing
unity and similarities throughout Parkatopia. With-
out Tate, there would be disagreements and con-
icts in the civilization, but they are overcome with
one God that everyone agrees and believes in.
The second belief pillar in Parkatopia is Violet,
which symbolizes compassion and empathy. In Par-
23
Beacon
couches
In the spokes room, Parkadorians can speak with Cookie and be-
come one with him. Entering the spokes room is a wonderful way
to follow Tate.
katopia, everyone lives in a community where trust
is everything and if there is help needed, other citi-
zens will soon help out. To practice Violet, every
Parkadorian must house at least 1 homeless or un-
fortunate Parkadorian for at least 2 years all to-
gether. They can house a citizen for as long as they
please, but the amount of time that they house un-
fortunate Parkadorians must add up to at least 2
years before they die, or they may not be buried.
The Parkadorian pillar Violet connects to the pillar
of Islam, Zakat. As stated by Frey, Muslims must
share one fortieth of their income and possessions
with their poorer neighbors (98). Violet and Zakat
connect because they both emphasize giving to the
less fortunate. Both Violet and Zakat benet their
communities because they teach everyone to con-
trol greed, and share what they have to benet eve-
rybody in the civilization who struggles to benet
themselves. When homeless Parkadorians are
housed, unity of citizens throughout Parkatopia
will be present. Violet is sacred because happiness
and housing is key for a successful civilization, and
with Violet as a pillar of Parkatopia, happiness and
housing is promising.
The third and nal belief pillar in Parkatopia is
Kit, which symbolizes honesty. Being honest in Par-
katopia is very important because the civilization is
still growing. To practice this pillar, Parkadorians
must make a pilgrimage to the Parkadorian govern-
ment building every 15 years to use their honesty
and confess one mistake. Located in Parkatopia,
there is a wall of mistakes. This wall is covered with
leaves that have the confessions and mistakes that
devoted Parkadorians have written on them. Dur-
ing the pilgrimage, a Parkadorian is supposed to
nd Cookie in a leaf. This leaf with be their honesty
leaf where the citizen will be able to write down the
biggest mistake they have made in the last 15 years
http://heartsteps.org/wp-content/uploads2/2012/03/compassion
2.jpg
The Parkadorian pillar Violet symbolizes compassion and easily al-
lows citizens of Parkatopia to assist eachother in times of need.
24
after the last pilgrimage. Kit connects with the Is-
lam pillar Hajj. As stated by Frey, The fth pillar
of Islam is Hajj, the pilgrimage to the holy city of
Makkah (100). Hajj and Kit are both pilgrimages
to the original place of each belief. For Parkatopia,
Kit makes for a successful civilization because it al-
lows everyone in Parkatopia to be honest with eve-
ryone around him or her, but also with himself or
herself. If a citizen is able to admit that they have
done something wrong using honesty, they will be
one step closer to being forgiven by Cookie. When
every Parkadorian confesses their mistakes, they
will all see that not a single one of them is perfect.
This will create many similarities in the civiliza-
tion. Teaching honesty will also help the civilization
become free of violence because dishonesty can cre-
ate ghts and distrust. Overall, Kit is a huge benet
to Parkatopia because it allows people to be open
about themselves and neglect lying to peers
The wall of mistakes enables Parkadorians to confess thier faults and be-
come one with Cookie. This image shows the Wall of mistakes before Par-
kadorians added leaves that hold their confessions.
25
A [person] may die, nations may rise and fall, but an
idea lives on.
-John F Kennedy
CHAPTER 4
26
Ideas
Source: http://www.business-opportunities.biz/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/lightbulb1.jpg
SECTION 1
During the Renaissance, the humanist mind-
set promoted new ideas because they interrogated
and asked probing questions about everything. In
medieval times, most things revolved around the
church. People believed that God controlled their
lives, and that he created all of the laws. When hu-
manists awoke, they questioned these morals and
many more that people during medieval times had
in place. As stated in Frey, They [humanists] be-
gan to create a philosophy based on the importance
and dignity of each individual. Humanists believed
that all people had the ability to control their own
lives and achieve greatness(320). This means
that humanists believed they could achieve emi-
Power of Ideas
27
nence without the help of God. Humanists also
thought very realistically, which is what caused
them to question the ways of others. The question-
ing of humanists caused many advances, two of
them being in painting and a change in social
standing. During the renaissance, humanists cre-
ated much different types of paintings than people
in the Middle Ages. Since humanism promoted a
more realistic way of thinking, they wanted to cre-
ate paintings with more realistic backgrounds and
facial expressions on the people that they painted.
They also learned about perspective and depth in
their artwork, which was a major advance. As
stated in Frey, Painters use perspective to create
the appearance of depth on a at surface. Renais-
sance artists used several techniques to indicate
depth(326). Perspective really goes hand in hand
with humanism because it is very realistic, which is
something that humanists encouraged. As for social
standing, there were changes as well. Originally in
medieval times, people were born into a specic
spot on the social status, but during the renais-
sance, that changed. As stated in Frey, Renais-
sance thinkers prized individual achievement more
than a persons class of family(321). This new way
of thinking was a very large leap from the medieval
way of thinking. In the medieval times, you could
never change your social standing no matter what
your individual achievements. The new way of
thinking allowed people to share ideas with a
broader audience. Overall, the humanist mindset al-
lowed new ideas to be promoted through their way
of asking questions and recognizing people for their
individuality.
Questions and new ideas threatened tradi-
tional beliefs or institutions of power in the
28
Renaissance paintings were much more realistic then paintings made
in medieval times. Renaissance paintings had realistic backgrounds,
facail expressions, and more details which caused them to advance
painting.
http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/455/ashcards/1110
455/png/picture81329970866769.png
1300s because of the questionable practices and
teachings of the Catholic Church. People started to
get the idea that the church was being corrupt be-
cause of these questionable teachings. For instance,
the church was selling indulgence, which was a re-
lease from punishment of sins. After gaining indul-
gence, people didnt have to perform good deeds to
make up for there sins. As stated in Frey, Over
time, popes and bishops began selling indulgence as
a way of raising money (348). This seemed to
mean that people could buy indulgence in replace-
ment of forgiveness. The abuse of indulgences
ended up disturbing many Catholics. Since Catho-
lics were so disturbed by this new product, they
began to believe the church was being corrupt,
which held as a major threat to traditional beliefs.
A priest with the name of Martin Luther also man-
aged to become a threat to the church by beginning
the rst Protestant church. The church told that to
earn salvation you must keep the sacraments and
live a good life. Although, everyone seemed to be-
lieve that this really was the key to salvation, Lu-
ther had a different idea on how to earn salvation
after he studied the bible. As stated in Frey, No one
he [Martin Luther] believed, could earn salvation.
Instead, salvation was a gift from God that people
received in faith. People, he said, were saved by
their faith, not good works (352). Luther kept to
his new theory and created a list of arguments
called Ninety-Five Theses against indulgences and
church abuses. These theses were nailed onto the
door of the church in Wittenberg. The Ninety-Five
Theses were also sent to church leaders. Many peo-
29
Martin Luther hammered the Ninety-Five Theses onto the door
of the Catholic Church in Wittenberg.
http://i1.wp.com/thegospelcoalition.org/blogs/justintaylor/
les/2010/10/Luther-nailing-theses-560x538.jpg
ple were excited by Luthers theory, but it caused
an array of serious disagreements with many
church authorities. As stated in Frey, In response
to critics, Luther published pamphlets that ex-
plained his thinking. He argued that the Bible - not
the pope or church leaders was the ultimate
source of religious authority. The only true sacra-
ments, he said, were baptism and the Eucharist.
The churchs other ve sacraments had no basis on
the bible (352-353). To deal with Martin Luther,
the church excommunicated him (he was no longer
allowed to be a member of the church). The authori-
ties in Germany were also pressured by the church
to silence Luther nally. Luther then went into hid-
ing until his new theory continued to grow and it
was safe for him to come back and create his own
church. This new church was a Christian denomina-
tion under the name of Lutherism. Although many
people rejected Lutherism, it continued to grow and
Martin Luthers ideas and questions became more
and more recognized. Overall, the questions and
new ideas of Martin Luther threatened institutions
of power and traditional beliefs of the Catholic
Church.
In Parkatopia, questions and new ideas would
threaten traditional beliefs or institutions of power
because Parkadorian beliefs are very straight for-
ward, and any other idea would be a potential
threat. An individual with a humanist mindset in
Parkatopia may challenge the beliefs of the church
and the government system. The church system
that Parkadorians follow calls for full devotion to
their god, Cookie. A humanist may ask, how do you
know that Cookie is real? How do Parkadorians
show their full devotion, and what happens if they
dont? Questions and new ideas like these would
30
Believing
The Statue
Golden Hair
threaten the traditional beliefs of Parkatopia be-
cause if Parkadorians started to believe that Cookie
unreal, it would throw off the whole government
system as well. Everyone in Parkatopia is supposed
to follow the same belief system, so the theory that
Cookie is inexistent, would keep the population of
Parkatopia from growing. In the 1500s, Martin Lu-
ther made a theory about the Catholic Church that
was threatening to traditional beliefs. As stated in
Frey, Luthers views brought him into conict with
the church over indulgences (352). Other ques-
tions a humanist may ask about the government
system might be, Is someone who doesnt believe in
Cookie or follow the belief system of Parkatopia al-
lowed to have a say in the laws? What if there is a
law that the group of 50 important men and women
made that nobody else knows about? What happens
if there is a disagreement in the government sys-
tem? Questions and new ideas like these may
threaten the government system in Parkatopia be-
cause they make the government system look unor-
ganized and untrustworthy. If a Parkadorian is ask-
ing questions and thinking of new ideas that may
threaten the civilization, a Parkadorian from the
government system will kindly ask them to leave
Parkatopia if their questions are at a majorly threat-
ening point. If a humanist in Parkatopia is asking
questions and suggesting new ideas that may in fact
lead to an advance for the civilization, Parkadori-
ans from the government system will investigate
the questions or ideas to decide if it is threatening
to the institution of power or traditional beliefs.
There are many types of questions or new ideas
that a humanist may have regarding Parkatopia,
but some may actually benet the civilization in-
stead of threaten it.
Andreas Vesalius was an artist and thinker
that advanced medicine and the study of anatomy
in the 1500s. Since a young age, Vesalius was al-
ways interested in living organisms and studied
stray dogs and cats before he was more educated in
anatomy. This interest in anatomy continued
throughout his life until he attended universities in
Belgium, France, and Italy. As stated in Frey,
Later he became a personal doctor for Italian and
Spanish royalty (339). Andreas Vesalius advanced
in his career of anatomy even more after his en-
counters with royalty. Vesalius made new discover-
ies about parts of the human body such as the
heart. As stated in Frey, he showed that the hu-
man heart had four hollow areas, called chambers
(339). The new ideas of Vesalius were a major ad-
vance in ways of life in Europe because it created a
whole new way of looking at the health of humans.
31
These ideas would benet the civilization of Parka-
topia because health and medical knowledge is not
a main focus in Parkatopia. Overall, the new ideas
and knowledge of Andreas Vesalius caused ad-
vances in Europe and would cause major advances
in Parkatopia.
http://imageweb-cdn.magnoliasoft.net/herit
ageimages/fullsize/2494840.jpg
Adreas Vasalius was the cause of many ad-
vances for medicine in the 1500s. Vasalius
caused many advances not just for Europe, but
for mankind.
32

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Parkatopia

THE ANSWER TO WHAT MAKES A SUCCESSFUL

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