CAD for VLSI

ASSIGNMENT NO-1
Clock Mesh Synthesis

Submitted By :
13MVD0058

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ALGORITHM:
Capacitance Driven mesh Formation
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Fetch the given capacitance matrix to get co-ordinates of each capacitance
x array: All x co-ordinates of capacitance.
y array: All y co-ordinates of capacitance.
Step 3: Set Maximum and minimum co-ordinates of arrays to get the border and plot
the
Border.
Step 4: Set the counter, variables like mesh-length, stub-length.
Step 5: mesh-length calculation.
Step 6: Stub-length calculation
step 7: end of algorithm.
MATLAB CODE:
for i =1:981
x(i)=z(i,2);
y(i)=z(i,3);
end
X31=2E6;
X41=9E5;
a=min(x);
b=min(y);
c=max(x);
d=max(y);
disp(fprintf('min point (+%f %f) and max point ( %f %f ) ',a,b,c,d));
plot(x,y,'X');
xlabel('Length of chip in nm')
ylabel('Width of chip in nm');
X1=a;
X3=c;
X2=b;
X4=d;
count=600;
a=1;
X11=0;
X2=0;
matrix=[];
matrix2=[];
meshlength=0;
stublength=0;
% Mesh Formation and Mesh-length calculation module
while (count>=1)
sum=0;
sum=sumation(X1,X2,X3,X4,z);
if((sum>100)||((X3-X1)>0.3E6)||((X4-X2)>0.3E6))
%check for Target capacitance and maximum area
xnew=(X3-X1)/2;ynew=(X4-X2)/2;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);

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hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+ynew;
plot([X1,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+xnew;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X3],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X3-xnew-X1);
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X4]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X4-ynew-X2);
new_row=[X1,X2,xnew+X1,ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,X2,(2*xnew+X1),ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[X1,ynew+X2,xnew+X1,(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,ynew+X2,(2*xnew+X1),(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
X3=xnew;
X4=ynew;
else
[row,col] = size(matrix);
old_row=matrix(row,:);
matrix(row,:)=[];
X1=old_row(1);
X2=old_row(2);
X3=old_row(3);
X4=old_row(4);
% modify the Block co-ordinates.
count=count-1;
end
end
cout=40;
X1=1E6;X3=1.5E6;
X2=0E5;X4=2.25E5;
while cout>=1
sum=0;

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sum=sumation(X1,X2,X3,X4,z);
if((sum>100)||((X3-X1)>0.3E6)||((X4-X2)>0.3E6))
xnew=(X3-X1)/2;ynew=(X4-X2)/2;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+ynew;
plot([X1,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+xnew;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X3],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X3-xnew-X1);
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X4]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X4-ynew-X2);
new_row=[X1,X2,xnew+X1,ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,X2,(2*xnew+X1),ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[X1,ynew+X2,xnew+X1,(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,ynew+X2,(2*xnew+X1),(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
X3=xnew;
X4=ynew;
else
[row,col] = size(matrix);
old_row=matrix(row,:);
matrix(row,:)=[];
X1=old_row(1);
X2=old_row(2);
X3=old_row(3);
X4=old_row(4);
cout=cout-1;
end
end
cout=40;
X1=1E6;X3=1.5E6;

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X2=2.25E5;X4=4.5E5;
while cout>=1
sum=0;
sum=sumation(X1,X2,X3,X4,z);
if((sum>100)||((X3-X1)>0.3E6)||((X4-X2)>0.3E6))
xnew=(X3-X1)/2;ynew=(X4-X2)/2;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+ynew;
plot([X1,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+xnew;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X3],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X3-xnew-X1);
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X4]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X4-ynew-X2);
new_row=[X1,X2,xnew+X1,ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,X2,(2*xnew+X1),ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[X1,ynew+X2,xnew+X1,(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,ynew+X2,(2*xnew+X1),(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
X3=xnew;
X4=ynew;
else
[row,col] = size(matrix);
old_row=matrix(row,:);
matrix(row,:)=[];
X1=old_row(1);
X2=old_row(2);
X3=old_row(3);
X4=old_row(4);
cout=cout-1;
end
end

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cout=40;
X1=1.5E6;X3=2E6;
X2=0E5;X4=2.25E5;
while cout>=1
sum=0;
sum=sumation(X1,X2,X3,X4,z);
if((sum>100)||((X3-X1)>0.3E6)||((X4-X2)>0.3E6))
xnew=(X3-X1)/2;ynew=(X4-X2)/2;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+ynew;
plot([X1,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+xnew;
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X3],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X2+(X4-X2)/2]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X3-xnew-X1);
plot([X1+(X3-X1)/2,X1+(X3-X1)/2],[X2+(X4-X2)/2,X4]);
hold on;
meshlength=meshlength+(X4-ynew-X2);
new_row=[X1,X2,xnew+X1,ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,X2,(2*xnew+X1),ynew+X2];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[X1,ynew+X2,xnew+X1,(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
new_row=[xnew+X1,ynew+X2,(2*xnew+X1),(2*ynew+X2)];
matrix = [matrix ; new_row];
matrix2 = [matrix2 ; new_row];
X3=xnew;
X4=ynew;
else
[row,col] = size(matrix);
old_row=matrix(row,:);
matrix(row,:)=[];
X1=old_row(1);
X2=old_row(2);
X3=old_row(3);
X4=old_row(4);

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cout=cout-1;
end
end
% Stub Formation and calculation module.
min1mat=[];
for i=1:981
min1arr=[];
minpoint=[];
for j=1:1124
if((z(i,2)<matrix2(j,3)) && (z(i,2)>matrix2(j,1)) && (z(i,3)<matrix2(j,4)) &&
(z(i,3)>matrix2(j,2)))
d1=z(i,2)-matrix2(j,1);
d2=z(i,3)-matrix2(j,2);
d3=matrix2(j,3)-z(i,2);
d4=matrix2(j,4)-z(i,3);
min1=min(min(d1,d2),min(d3,d4));
if(min1==d1)
finalcor=[matrix2(j,1),z(i,3)];
elseif(min1==d2)
finalcor=[z(i,2),matrix2(j,2)];
elseif(min1==d3)
finalcor=[matrix2(j,3),z(i,3)];
elseif(min1==d4)
finalcor=[z(i,2),matrix2(j,4)];
end
min1arr=[min1,finalcor];
min1mat=[min1mat;min1arr];
end
end
[row1,col1] = size(min1mat);
mindist=min(min1mat(1,:));
for k=1:row1
if(min1mat(k,1)==mindist)
cmin=min1mat(k,2);
dmin=min1mat(k,3);
end
end
min1mat=[];
plot([z(i,2),cmin],[z(i,3),dmin],'r');
stublength=stublength+mindist;
hold on;
end
% Function that calculates sum of capacitances in particular regions
function [ out ] = sumation( point1x,point1y,point2x,point3y,z )
sum=0;
for i =1:981

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if (z(i,2)>= point1x && z(i,2) <= point2x && z(i,3)>=point1y && z(i,3)<=point3y)
sum =sum + z(i,4);
end
end
out=sum;
end
RESULTS:
Total Mesh-length calculated= 3.1*10^7 nm=31 mm
Total Stub-length calculated=45.67*10^6 nm=45.67 mm
Total Wire-length=31+8.2 = 76.67 m

OUTPUT WINDOW:
1.Mesh Formation

2.Mesh Formation and Stub length calculation

13MVD0058