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START/STOP Postgresql

Start:
#su -c 'pg_ct| -w start -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data -| ]var]||b]pgsq|]pgstartup.|og' postgres
on knLL: # serv|ce postgresq| start
5 pg_ct| -w start -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data -| ]var]||b]pgsq|]pgstartup.|og
Stop:
# su -c 'pg_ct| -w stop -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data -m fast' postgres
on knLL: # serv|ce postgresq| stop
5 pg_ct| -w stop -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data -m smart => shutdown norma|
5 pg_ct| -w stop -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data -m fast => shutdown |mmed|ate
5 pg_ct| -w stop -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data -m |mmed|ate => shutdown abort
Status:
5 pg_ct| status -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data
5 ps -ef | grep postgres | grep -v grep
Important file locations
Conf|gurat|on f||es
5GDA1A - on knLL ]var]||b]pgsq|]data - |ocat|on of the database
5GDA1A]postgresq|.conf => |n|t.ora
5GDA1A]pg_hba.conf => (sort of sq|net.ora)
5GDA1A]pg_|dent.conf => CS]D8 user mapp|ng f||e
5GDA1A]pg_x|og => |og_arch|ve_dest
Server Logf||es
5GDA1A]pg_|og]postgresq|-a.|og
]var]||b]pgsq|]pgstartup.|og
D|rector|es
Lxecutab|es - ]usr]b|n
L|brar|es - ]usr]||b
Documentat|on - ]usr]share]doc]postgresq|x.y.z
Data - ]var]||b]pgsq|]data
8ackup area - ]var]||b]pgsq|]backup
1emp|ates - ]usr]share]pgsq|
rocedura| Languages - ]usr]||b]pgsq|
Deve|opment neaders - ]usr]|nc|ude]pgsq|
Cther shared data - ]usr]share]pgsq|
Important Init parameters
I||e |ocat|ons
show conf|g_f||e, => show parameters spf||e,
show a||, => show parameters,
show data_d|rectory, => show db f||e d|r |ocat|on
show hba_f||e,
show |dent_f||e,
show |og_d|rectory,
show |og_dest|nat|on,
show externa|_p|d_f||e,
Memory]resources
show effect|ve_cache_s|ze,
show shared_buffers,
show vacuum_mem,
show wa|_buffers,
Server sett|ngs
show ||sten_addresses,
show port,
show server_encod|ng,
Backup & Recovery

3 types of backup approaches
* SL dump
* I||e system |eve| backup
* Cont|nuous arch|v|ng

Dumps (exp]|mp)
8ackup:
pg_dump mydatabase > mydump.out => exp
pg_dumpa|| > myfu||dump.out => exp fu||=

kestore:
pg_restore -d mydatabase mydump.out
psq| mydatabase < mydump.out
psq| -f myfu||dump.out postgres

Copy database to another node:
pg_dump -h host1 mydatabase | psq| -h host2 mydatabase

I||esystem backup:
tar -cf backup.tar ]var]||b]pgsq|]data
! database server have to shutdown c|ean|y!

1ak|ng advantage of WAL |ogg|ng:
- WAL Logs stored by defau|t |n 5GDA1A]pg_x|og
- database can be restored by "rep|ay|ng" transact|on |ogs
- hot standby concept can be ach|eved w|th WAL |ogs
- do not try to comb|ne WAL |ogs w|th pg_dump f||es for
restor|ng |n another |ocat|on, IS dump |s needed to be ab|e to
recover WAL |og

Standa|one hot backup:
Lnsure parameters are def|ned and d|rector|es ex|st:
arch|ve_mode=on
arch|ve_command = 'test ! -f
]var]||b]pgsq|]backup_|n_progress || cp -| p
]var]||b]pgsq|]arch|ve]f < ]dev]nu||'

touch ]var]||b]pgsq|]backup_|n_progress
psq| -c "se|ect pg_start_backup('hot_backup'),"
tar -cf ]var]||b]pgsq|]backups]backup.tar ]var]||b]pgsq|]data]
psq| -c "se|ect pg_stop_backup(),"
rm ]var]||b]pgsq|]backup_|n_progress
tar -rf ]var]||b]pgsq|]backup.tar ]var]||b]pgsq|]arch|ve]
Connecting to database
Loca| connect|ons as postgres CS user
psq| [dbname] [[username]] => sq|p|us ] as sysdba
postgres=# \connect temp|ate1 postgres => connect postgresQtemp|ate1
kemote connect|ons
psq| -h 10.0.0.20 -p S432 -U myuser -d mydatabase => sq|p|us myuserQmydatabase
psq| -h 10.0.0.20 -p S432 -| => ||st a|| databases ||sten|ng on the host]port, may need
to add entry to pg_hba.conf]pg_|dent.conf
Defau|t D8 ||sten port - S432
Performance
pg_stat_ => v5v|ews
Get exp|a|n p|an for query
LkLAIN ANAL2L SLLLC1 *
IkCM M_1A8LL,
Update stats on tab|e
ANAL2L M_1A8LL,
Vacuum tab|e
VACUUM M_1A8LL,
Vacuum & Ana|yze who|e D8
VACUUM ANAL2L,
Ana|yze ! update stats
Vacuum ! housekeep after
heavy |nsert]de|ete ops
Installation

Down|oad essent|a| rpm's (knLL):
postgresq|-8.4.2-1GDG.rhe|S.x86_64.rpm
postgresq|-||bs-8.4.2-1GDG.rhe|S.x86_64.rpm
postgresq|-deve|-8.4.2-1GDG.rhe|S.x86_64.rpm
postgresq|-server-8.4.2-1GDG.rhe|S.x86_64.rpm
postgresq|-docs-8.4.2-1GDG.rhe|S.x86_64.rpm
Insta||
rpm -|vh postgress*
In|t|a||ze database c|uster
# mkd|r ]var]||b]pgsq|]data
# chown postgres ]var]||b]pgsq|]data
# su - postgres
5 |n|tdb -D ]var]||b]pgsq|]data
# serv|ce postgresq| start
5 psq|
# se|ect * from pg_database,
1|p: As an a|ternat|ve to the -D opt|on, you can set the
env|ronment var|ab|e GDA1A.