2

TCVN T I U C H U N Q U C G I A



TCVN 8870:2011
Xut bn ln 1



THI CNG V NGHIM THU NEO TRONG T DNG
TRONG CNG TRNH GIAO THNG VN TI

Standard for contruction and acceptance ground anchors in traffic work

















H NI 2011


















TCVN 8870:2011

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Mc lc

1 Phm vi p dng ...................................................................................................................... 5
2 Ti liu vin dn ......................................................................................................................... 5
3 Thut ng, nh ngha v cc k hiu .................................................................................... 5
4 Nguyn tc thi cng neo ........................................................................................................... 6
5 Neo v vt liu thi cng ........................................................................................................... 7
5.1 Nhng yu cu ca neo v vt liu thi cng ..................................................................... 7
5.2 Nhng yu cu thit b thi cng ......................................................................................... 9
5.3 Thi cng ............................................................................................................................. 10
6 Kim tra trong thi cng v nghim thu sau khi neo xong ......................................................... 17
6.1 Quy nh chung ............................................................................................................... 17
6.2 Kim tra ............................................................................................................................ 18
6.3 Nghim thu ...................................................................................................................... 18
6.4 Quan trc, nh gi v bo co kt qu ...................................................................... 18
Ph lc A (Tham kho) Xc nh tn tht lc neo ....................................................................... 21
Ph lc B (Tham kho) Cc biu mu kim tra v nghim thu ................................................... 22
Ph lc C (Tham kho) Cc c trng c hc ca mt s loi thp cng cao ................... 29
Ph lc D (Tham kho) Mt s loi kt cu neo ng sut trc ................................................. 31















TCVN 8870:2011


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Li ni u

TCVN 8870:2011 do Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Giao thng vn ti
bin son, B Giao thng Vn ti ngh, Tng cc Tiu chun o
lng Cht lng thm nh, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh cng b.











5
T I U C H U N Q U C G I A TCVN 8870:2011
Thi cng v nghim thu neo trong t dng trong cng trnh
giao thng vn ti
Standard for contruction and acceptance ground anchors in traffic work

1 Phm vi p dng
- Tiu chun ny quy nh cng tc thi cng v nghim thu neo gia c n nh mi dc ti cc cng
trnh xy dng giao thng vn ti. Tiu chun khng cp n nhng vn chi tit c th cho tng
loi neo.
- Ngoi cc quy nh ca Tiu chun ny, trong thi cng v nghim thu neo cn cn phi tun theo cc
Tiu chun Quc gia hin hnh c lin quan.
- Tiu chun ny p dng cho thi cng v nghim thu neo gia c n nh mi dc ch to ti cng
trng, ti cc nh my ri vn chuyn lp t ti hin trng.

2 Ti liu vin dn
Cc ti liu vin dn sau y l cn thit p dng tiu chun ny
- TCVN 4506:1987, Nc cho b tng v va - Yu cu k thut.
- TCVN 6017:1995, Xi mng - Phng php th - Xc nh thi gian ng kt v n nh.
- TCXDVN 271:2002, Quy trnh k thut xc nh ln cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip bng
phng php o cao hnh hc.
- TCXDVN 327:2004, Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp, yu cu bo v chng n mn trong mi
trng bin.
- TCVN 7570:2006, Ct liu cho b tng v va - Yu cu k thut.
- TCVN 6260:2009, Xi mng Poc lng - Yu cu k thut.

3 Thut ng, nh ngha v cc k hiu
Trong tiu chun ny s dng cc thut ng, nh ngha v cc k hiu sau.
3.1
Neo trong t (Ground anchor)
Kt cu (gi n gin l neo) c kh nng truyn ti trng ko c t vo lp t chu ti. Kt cu
ny v c bn gm mt u neo, chiu di neo t do (li neo) v bu neo. Vic phn loi neo trong tiu
chun ny gm:
- Neo thng: L loi neo m trong qu trnh lp t thanh li neo khng c cng ng sut trc.
i vi neo ny, li neo c gin ng k khi ti trng tc dng, do vy chuyn dch ca u neo s
tng i ln khi sc chu ti ca neo c huy ng ti a. - Cu to ca neo thng: Li neo
thng l mt thanh thp cng cao, lp t theo mt nghing no , su ca neo c
thit k sao cho kh nng chu ti trng truyn ln n t kt cu chnh. Lc cng ca neo l lc cn
thit cn bng gia neo v kt cu lin quan, gia neo vi nn t m bo s dch chuyn ca
kt cu v nn t xung quanh c gi mc cho php. Bu neo l phn kt cu truyn ti trng
ko ca neo ln t nn xung quanh chu lc ng sut ca t nn bao quanh. di ca neo ph
thuc vo kt cu tng v kt cu nn cha neo.
- Neo ng sut trc: L loi neo m khi lp t li neo cp c cng ng sut trc. gim
bt s chuyn dch ca u neo ti mc c th chp nhn c, neo t thng c to ng sut
trc bng cch ko trc neo t v pha kt cu. - Cu to ca neo ng sut trc: Cu to ca mt
TCVN 8870:2011


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neo ng sut trc cng bao gm cu hnh c bn nh trn. Li neo l mt b cp cng cao
c cng ko ng sut khi lp t.
3.2
u cng ko (Division stretched)
B phn ca t hp u neo gn dy neo vo u neo.
3.3
bn c trng (Reliability features)
Gm hai loi: Gi tr bn khi lp phng ca va hoc b tng (f
cu
) v gi tr ti trng gii hn ca
dy neo cng trc (f
pu
).
3.4. Do (Creep)

Chuyn dch ca bt c cc im no ca bu neo theo thi gian di lc ca dy neo khng i.
CH THCH 1: Do c th xy ra ti c hai dng tip xc l va/dy neo v t/va.
3.5 Mt bm dnh (Loss of adhesion)
S mt dnh bm kiu dnh v dnh bm kiu ma st ti cc tip xc va/dy neo v t/va.
3.6 M rng (Expand)
S tng cc b ng knh l khoan ca bu neo.
CH THCH 2: Cn c gi l bu m rng hoc chung.
3.7 Va xi mng (Grout)
Sn phm xi mng trn vi nc v thm cc cht n nh ct hoc bt .
3.8
H s an ton (Safety coefficient)
T s gia sc chu ti gii hn v ti trng lm vic.
3.9
ng sut ko vt (Tensile stress exceeds)
Lc cng ko vt ti so vi lc thit k (cn gi l - siu cng ko).
Cc k hiu

fpu
fcu
ft
ST
CC
HRC
Pk
Po
Pkv

bn chu ko c trng ca dy neo
bn chu nn c trng ca b tng hoc va
Cng chu ko khi t ca thp cng cao
Vit tt ca t "ng sut trc"
Vit tt ca t "cng cao"
cng ca vt liu (thp)
ng sut ko thit k ca b cp neo
ng sut ban u ca b cp neo
ng sut ko vt ca b cp neo

kN
MPa
MPa



kN
kN
kN

4 Nguyn tc thi cng neo
4.1 Vic thi cng neo phi bng phng php cng nghip, c gii ho ti mc ti a cho php c
nng sut cao, cht lng tt, sm a cng trnh vo s dng v h gi thnh.
4.2 Trc khi thi cng, n v thi cng phi c cc ti liu thit k c duyt theo ng th tc.
Trong thi cng nu phi thay i so vi thit k c duyt th phi c s ng bng vn bn ca
n v thit k v ch u t.
TCVN 8870:2011

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4.3 Trong thi cng phi tun th cht ch cc quy tc k thut an ton hin hnh.
4.4 Cc loi vt liu phi m bo cc tiu chun Nh nc hin hnh v cc quy nh trong quy trnh
ny. Cng tc th nghim vt liu phi do cc phng th nghim hp chun v c ch cng trnh
chp thun.

5 Neo v vt liu thi cng neo
5.1 Nhng yu cu ca neo v vt liu thi cng
5.1.1 Neo, cc ph kin ca neo
5.1.1.1 Neo v cc ph kin ca neo l b phn truyn ng sut qua li neo ln dm b tng ct thp
hoc neo trn mi taluy gi khi trt n nh.
Neo v cc ph kin ca neo phi m bo theo ng cc quy nh trong n thit k.
Neo v cc ph kin ca neo trc khi a vo s dng trong thi cng hoc i vo sn xut
hng lot phi qua th nghim, nu t c cc yu cu k thut, c cc bn t vn gim st v
ch cng trnh chp thun mi c php s dng vo cng trnh.
Nu khng c quy nh khc ca thit k th vic th nghim neo phi m bo cc ch tiu sau:
- Lc ph hoi ca neo (lm v vng neo hoc li neo tt khi vng neo) phi bng v ln hn lc ph
hoi li neo.
- Gii hn chy ca vng neo phi ln hn ng sut khng ch thit k ca li neo.
5.1.1.2 Vic gia cng v kim tra cc b phn ca neo phi t cc yu cu sau:
- Vng gi nm neo ch nn tin ngui (khng c rn), gia cng xong phi kim tra khuyt tt bn
trong bng siu m hoc thit b kim tra khc.
- cng ca nm neo phi bng 1,3 2,5 ln cng ca si thp cng cao v khng thp hn
52 HRC. Khi th cng nm neo phi th trn 10% tng s nm neo, mi neo th 3 im, kt qu
cng trong cng 1 mu khng chnh lch nhau qu 5 HRC.
5.1.1.3 Neo v cc ph kin phi c ng gi v bo qun, vn chuyn ng quy nh, khng c
han g, xy xt h hng nh hng n cht lng neo trong qu trnh t ch to n khi s dng
vo cng trnh.
Nu l sn phm ca nh my c kh sn xut neo v ph kin neo khi n v bao thu thi cng nhn
v phi c chng ch xc nhn phm cht ca nh my km theo. Nhng vn phi th nghim kim tra
li theo cc quy nh ca thit k v cc iu 5.1.1.1 v 5.1.1.2 nu trn.
5.1.2 Xi mng
5.1.2.1 Xi mng dng trong va bm bu neo phi l xi mng Pooc lng hn hp PCB 40 v phi p
ng y cc quy nh theo cc tiu chun hin hnh. Vic s dng cc loi xi mng c bit khc
nh xi mng chng Sunpht, xi mng t to nhit, xi mng x v.v... ch c php dng khi c ch dn
trong thit k hoc qua th nghim c ch cng trnh cho php bng vn bn.
5.1.2.2 Mi t nhn xi mng v kho ca cng trnh hoc nh my ch to cu kin phi c phiu xc
nhn cht lng ca nh my ni sn xut, trong phiu phi ghi r loi xi mng, mc, l sn xut, thi
gian sn xut v chng ch k thut c xc nhn ca nh my sn xut.
5.1.2.3 Xi mng sau khi nhn v kho ca cng trng hoc nh my ch to cu kin nn ly mu a
th nghim kim tra li cht lng xi mng. Trong cc trng hp sau y nht thit phi th nghim
kim tra:
- Khng c phiu kt qu th nghim ca nh my sn xut xi mng hoc c s nghi ng v cht lng
xi mng khng ng vi chng nhn ca nh my.
- L xi mng qu 3 thng k t ngy sn xut.
- Vic vn chuyn, bo qun xi mng c s c: gp ma, kho b dt hoc m t... nh hng n
cht lng xi mng.
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- Vic kim tra cht lng ca xi mng phi tin hnh ti cc phng th nghim hp chun v phi tin
hnh theo ng cc tiu chun hin hnh ca Nh nc quy nh.
5.2.2.4 Cht lng xi mng phi tun theo TCVN 6260:2009.
5.2.2.5 Vic vn chuyn v bo qun xi mng ti kho phi tun th cc quy nh hin hnh.
Vn chuyn bng phng tin ng b: sn xe phi sch s, kh ro, c mui hoc bt che ma m
bo cch li hon ton xi mng vi nc ma.
Vn chuyn bng phng tin ng thu: phi k cao, xa mn, c mui hoc bt che v thng xuyn
bm tt cn nc trong tu thuyn.
Kho cha xi mng phi cao ro, thong kh, mi khng b dt, khng nc ma ht vo, phi c
sn k cch mt nn 30-50cm. Cc l khc nhau phi xp ring. Trong kho phi xp thnh hng 2 bao
mt, u bao chu vo nhau, hng cch nhau 50cm, khng xp cao qu 2m k t sn kho.
V nguyn tc phi m bo xi mng nhp vo kho trc c dng trc, nhp sau dng sau.
5.2.2.6 Xi mng dng cho va bm trong kt cu neo ST trong mi trng n mn thng xuyn
hoc theo chu k ngp nc nh vng bin, vng ven bin (cch bin 10km) hoc cc nh my ho
cht, phi p dng cc quy nh ca TCXDVN 327-2004.
5.1.3 Ct
5.1.3.1 Ct dng trong thi cng neo phi l ct ht cng sch, phi m bo cc yu cu k thut theo
cc tiu chun quy trnh quy phm ni iu1. Ngoi cc yu cu chung ra cn phi m bo cc quy
nh sau:
5.1.3.2 Thnh phn cp phi ht:
- Hm lng ht di 0,15mm khng c qu 10%;
- Hm lng ht t 0,15 n 0,3mm khng c nh hn 20%;
- Khng c ht 2mm.
5.1.3.3 M un ln: l loi ct kh c m un ln khong 1,5 1,8.
5.1.3.4 Hm lng tp cht c hi
- Hm lng bn t khng c vt qu 2% trng lng (th nghim bng phng php
ra);
- Hm lng mica khng c qu 1% trng lng;
- Hm lng cc tp cht Sulfua v Sunphat (tnh theo SO
3
) khng c qu 1% trng lng;
- Hm lng cht hu c (xc nh bng phng php so mu) khng c m hn mu
chun.
5.1.4 Nc trn va
5.1.4.1 Nc trn va xi mng tun theo TCVN 4506-1987.
5.1.4.2 Khng c dng nc bin, nc l trn va xi mng.
5.1.4.3 i vi nc sng c nhiu ph sa cn phi th nghim kim tra kh nng dng trn va
xi mng. Cn c bin php lng lc gim bt lng ph sa ln trong nc.
5.1.4.4 Nc trn va xi mng khng c c thnh phn ho hc vt qu cc tr s sau:
- Tng lng cc cht mui 2000mg/l;
- Hm lng ion SO
4
600mg/l;
- Hm lng ion Clo 350mg/l;
- Cn khng tan 200mg/l.
5.1.5 Cc cht ph gia dng trong va
TCVN 8870:2011

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5.1.5.1 Cc cht ph gia dng trong va xi mng bm vo bu neo v bo v cp neo ch c
dng khi c iu kin hoc yu cu c bit ca thi cng. n v nhn thu thi cng mun ngh
dng phi c c s th nghim chng minh c hiu qu kinh t k thut v khng gy tn hi n
kt cu, phi c c quan c thm quyn chp nhn bng vn bn.
5.1.5.2 Khng c dng ph gia ng cng nhanh gc c thnh phn CaCl
2
hoc cc loi tng t
c tc hi n mn ct thp.
5.1.5.3 Cc loi ph gia dng trong va xi mng phi l cc sn phm do cc c s sn xut c c
quan Nh nc cng nhn ng k cht lng v cho php s dng.
Liu lng dng v phng php pha trn ph gia phi theo cc hng dn s dng, m bo
chnh xc v tnh ng u trong hn hp va xi mng.

5.2 Nhng yu cu ca thit b thi cng
5.2.1 Thit b khoan
5.2.1.1 My khoan
C th s dng bt k loi my khoan no to ra mt l n nh, c kch thc thch hp vi
nhng sai s cho php, l khoan khng li lm.
i vi phng php khoan c chng ui ng vch ng knh mi khoan phi ln hn
ng knh ngoi ng vch.
5.2.1.2 My nn kh
Nu dng my khoan kh nn xoay p to l, my nn kh phi m bo cc yu cu k thut:
- Lu lng kh: >24m
3
/pht
- p lc kh: >10kG/cm
2

5.2.2. My bm va
Bm va xi mng.
- My bm va xi mng dng loi bm cao p, p lc bm khng nh hn 10 MPa.
- ng bm va xi mng phi chu c p lc 10 MPa. ng knh trong ng bm t 20 30mm.
5.2.3. Thit b cng ko
5.2.3.1 Thit b cng ko b cp neo
- Kch thu lc
Kch thu lc c hai loi: loi ko nhiu si v loi ko mt si cn t c cc yu cu c
bn sau:
+ Cc thit b gn dy, cp neo ln kch phi ph hp, ng b vi b neo.
+ Thit b cn c kh nng cng dy neo n khng nh hn 80% bn c trng ca n trong
phm vi p lc ca my bm.
+ Thit b m bo cng ko dy neo ban u theo nhng gia s v neo gi ti cc ti trng trung
gian ph hp vi yu cu thit k.
- o ti trng
+ Hp ti trng: Khi dng hp ti trng chng phi hot ng tt v c bo v thch hp i vi
cng vic hin trng. Hp ti trng khi o phi t ng tm kch, m bo ng trc vi dy neo.
Cc hp ti trng phi c chng ch kim nh ng b vi dy cp s dng hin trng v s dng
trong phm vi 10% 100% kh nng o ca hp.
+ ng h o p lc: chnh xc ca ng h p lc du khng ln hn cp 2 v nh k phi
kim nh. ng h o p lc khng c gn cch kch ln hn 5m. Nu my bm c gn ng h
o p lc cch kch ln hn 5m th phi gn ng h th 2 ti kch.
TCVN 8870:2011


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- My bm thu lc
My bm thu lc phi c kh nng hot ng trong phm vi p lc ca kch cng ko. Vic
iu chnh bm phi d ng hiu chnh lc cng dy neo trong vng 1mm khi kch th ra hay tht vo.
ng dn du p lc ni t kch n bm phi chu c p lc gp 2 ln p lc bm ln nht
v cn bt cht vi cc u ni t kn.
My bm phi c mt van x qu ti p lc c iu chnh ti ch ngn hng dy neo do
cng qu ti.
- Kch cng ko: phi do ngi chuyn trch s dng v qun l, phi thng xuyn duy tu v nh
k kim nh, hiu chun ton din. Thi gian kim nh, hiu chun sau 6 thng s dng ca kch. Cc
hp ti trng v ng h o p lc sau 6 thng hoc sau 200 ln cng ko hoc trong qu trnh s
dng c xut hin nhng hin tng khng bnh thng phi kim nh li.
5.2.3.2 B neo v dng c kp
- Kiu loi ca b neo v dng c kp phi ph hp yu cu thit k v yu cu cng ko b cp
neo. Khi tin hnh th nghim nng lc ca b neo, lc cng ko khng c nh hn 90% lc ko
gii hn tiu chun ca thp cng cao.
- B neo v kp phi thng qua gim nh k thut v gim nh sn phm ca c quan chuyn mn
c thm quyn. Trc khi xut xng bn cung cp phi tin hnh kim nghim theo quy nh v cung
cp giy chng nhn cht lng.
Neo v kp trc lc s dng phi tin hnh kim tra ngoi quan theo tng t, khng c vt nt,
vt tn thng, g n mn kch thc khng vt qu sai s cho php.
i vi cng , cng, nng lc neo c v.v... ca b neo phi cn c tnh hnh cung cp hng
xc nh hng mc, s lng phi kim tra. Khi giy chng nhn cht lng khng ph hp yu
cu hoc khi c iu nghi vn i vi cht lng, phi tin hnh kim nghim theo quy nh c lin
quan, khi ph hp yu cu mi c nghim thu v s dng.
5.3 Thi cng
5.3.1 Gia cng neo
5.3.1.1 Yu cu chung
- Vt liu c cung cp n cng trng phi theo ng chng loi v yu cu k thut quy nh
trong n thit k v theo tiu chun ny. Tin cung cp phi ph hp vi tin thi cng chung
v c ghi r trong k hoch thi cng cng nh trong hp ng giao thu cung cp vt liu.
- Cm s dng trong cng mt cng trnh cc loi thp c cng ng knh li c mc khc nhau.
5.3.1.2 Ch to, kim tra v nghim thu thanh neo
- S dng thp xon lm thnh thanh neo theo ng yu cu v hnh dng v kch thc, cht lng
vt liu v tin hnh phng g chnh xc theo thit k.
- C cu nh tm v c cu m ca thanh neo phi lp t theo ng thit k v khng c dch
chuyn trong qu trnh vn chuyn v lp t vo l khoan.
CH THCH 3: Nu thit k s dng cn neo kiu t khoan, bn thn cn khoan chnh l thanh neo, th khng cn tin
hnh ch to thanh neo.
5.3.1.3 Ch to, kim tra v nghim thu cp neo
- B cp neo phi c ch to theo hnh dng, kch thc v tin hnh x l phng g chnh xc nh
quy nh trong n m khng lm gim cht lng ca vt liu.
- Vic ch to b cp neo phi c tin hnh trong phn xng gia cng hoc ni c mi che. Sau
khi kim tra t tiu chun th nh s ch s dng.
- Khng dng cc si cp b un qu mc, b nh hng ca nhit thay i t ngt hoc ca
nhit cao.
- Khi ct si cp phi tun th yu cu sau:
TCVN 8870:2011

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- Thp CC phi ct bng my ct, tuyt i nghim cm ct bng my hn in v hn hi.
- B mt cp neo phi c lm sch trc khi dng, trnh cc cht g, du m, bn v cc cht
c hi khc c th gy n mn hoc lm gim dnh bm ct thp vi b tng cng nh lm gim ma
st gia ct thp vi cc chm chn nt neo.
- Khi dy neo thp nh si, cp hoc thanh khng c gai c ch to c v bc v bi m, phi ra
sch m ti chiu di dnh bm bng cht ty ra. Nu l cp phi tch cc si cp ra khi tao cp
thun tin cho vic lm sch, sau t li ng lp ca tao cp.
- C cu nh tm v c cu m ca dy neo nhiu si bng thp hoc cht do phi lp t ng
thit k v khng dch chuyn v tr trong qu trnh vn chuyn v thao tc lp t vo l khoan.
- Sau khi cp neo c ch to xong phi s dng sm, trnh vic ct gi lu di, cp neo phi c
ct gi ni kh ro, sch s, khng c ngoi tri, phi trnh s gy tn hi ca my mc
hoc mt hn, du ri vo trn cp neo.
Khi cp neo ct gi trong mi trng m m vt qu 85%, phn cp neo l ra ngoi phi c x
l phng t bng vi nha do hoc giy ngm du.
Cp neo phi tun th nguyn tc l dng n u lm n , i vi cp neo ct gi trong thi
gian di trc khi s dng phi tin hnh kim tra nghim ngt.
5.3.2 Khoan to l
5.3.2.1 Khoan to l
- Hnh dng l khoan.
L khoan phi c ng knh khng nh hn ng knh quy nh trong thit k v ti thiu
80 mm. C th xt n sai s do trng n khi l c m trong nhiu gi, v d trong t st qu
c kt v t st vi.
Khi cn dng ng vch khoan phi xem xt n ng knh cn li ca l khoan ti im
vo v n, tnh khng ng vch yu cu khi c cc ng dn.
Ni chung phi ngn nga nhng mo m cc b nh thay i t ngt ca phn on l
khoan hoc lch so vi ng trc, nhm d lp t dy neo v gim thiu mt ma st khi thao tc
cng ko.
- Khoan thm
L khoan khoan xong v c thi ra nhm ly ht mn khoan, cn phi th l khoan
xc nh chc chn vch l khoan khng b sp ngn cn vic lp t dy neo.
i vi nhng l nghing xung, cho php khoan thm b ch cho cc mn khoan khng
th ly i khi l khoan. Quy nh phi khoan thm <0,5m so vi chiu di thit k.
Khi s dng cc thit b m rng bu th cn phi hp trong mt thit b m bo vic m
rng bu c hiu qu v cc bu cn c kim tra theo trnh t.
- Hon chnh l khoan
Khi mt l nghing c khoan t yu cu, cn c nt cht li ngn chn mnh v ri vo
trong nu cha thi cng ngay cc hng mc tip theo.
- Lm sch
L khoan xong nht thit phi s dng kh nn p sut cao lm sch mn khoan v nc trong
l khoan.
i vi cc l khoan trong t v phong ho b ri vic lm sch l khoan n gin hn do
trong khi khoan s dng ng vch chng ui sut chiu di l khoan.
5.3.2.2 Nghim thu l khoan
- Kim tra, nghim thu l khoan.
Kim tra l khoan bng th nghim p nc: Sau khi ra sch l khoan tin hnh p nc th
nghim xc nh lng hao tn va bu neo. Lng hao tn s c quy nh trong tng d n (mc
TCVN 8870:2011


12
nt n ca t ) nhng khng vt qu 5 lt/pht. p lc bm nc ln hn 0,1MPa, o sut qu
trnh th nghim vi chu k 10 pht.
Khi lng hao tn ln hn quy nh trong thit k, tin hnh bm va lp l khoan phn bu
neo v khoan li sau khi va 90% cng thit k. Qu trnh ny c lp li n khi lng hao
tn nc t yu cu.
S lng kim tra: Ton b
- chnh xc khoan l khc nhau da vo s khc nhau ca tnh cht cng trnh, chnh xc ca l
khoan phi tho mn yu cu di y:
1. Sai lch nh v l khoan 10cm, sai s cho php ca gc nghing l 1
0

2. ng knh l khoan khng c nh hn yu cu thit k.
3. Chiu di thc t ca l khoan khng c nh hn chiu di thit k v khng c ln
hn 1% chiu di thit k. i vi l khoan nghing di, khi khng th loi b ht mn khoan trong l
khoan phi o c quyt nh chiu su khoan thm.
4. Sai s v hng ca trc l khoan bt k mt phng hng no u khng c ln hn
2,5
0
.
5. L khoan phi thng v cho php lch 10mm cho mi on 3m v khng c lch ln hn
1/30 chiu di l khoan, khi c yu cu c bit, sai s khoan l c th c xc nh cn c theo yu
cu thc t.
6. Sai s v tr l khoan theo hng nm ngang 50mm, sai s ca hng thng ng
100mm.
S lng kim tra: Ton b
Phng php kim tra: My ton c, thc thp
5.3.3 Lp t neo
5.3.3.1 Vi neo thanh
Sau khi khoan l xong v kim tra t yu cu th tin hnh lp t thanh neo c
gia cng vo l neo. Thanh neo phi m bo cht lng lp t, di th ra bn ngoi phi
p ng c yu cu thit k v thi cng.
5.3.3.2 Vi neo cp
Vic lp t b cp neo c tin hnh trn gin gio. i vi b cp neo c chiu di qu ln
c th lp t trn cng trng c gin, sau vn chuyn v treo vo l. Trn mt cng trng bng
phng, lp t gi cng tc cao khong 0,5m, rng 1,5m, thp giao nhau c t thng thun trn
gi, kim tra tng si mt, tt c cc si cp b tn hi u phi ct b.
Trc khi lp t b cp neo phi tin hnh kim tra li l khoan, i vi cc vt bn ri vo th
phi x l v lm sch.
Phi tin hnh kim tra cn thn h b cp neo:
+ C cu nh tm v c cu m ca dy neo nhiu si
+ Lp v bo v ca si cp, ph kin b hng phi tin hnh sa cha.
i vi u neo phi trnh xy ra s vn gp qu ln ch giao gia on neo v on cng
ko khi lp t b cp neo phng va bm b nt v chy.
Lp t b cp neo vo l khoan dng lc phi u v ng nht, trnh lm hng tng bo h
v ph kin b cp neo trong qu trnh lp t.
Lp t b cp neo khng c xoay, vn b cp neo v thng xuyn kim tra ng bm va
v ng thot nc, phi bo m ng thot nc v ng bm va thng thun sau khi h b cp neo
lp n su thit k.
Khi lp t b cp neo kh khn phi rt b cp neo ra, i vi b cp neo c rt ra phi tin
hnh kim tra cn thn v tin hnh quan st tnh hnh v tnh hiu qu ca vic lp t c nh, mc
TCVN 8870:2011

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tn hi ca v bc, sch ca l khoan v ng thot nc, ng bm va, khi pht hin s ri v
di ng ca ph kin thp neo hoc t bn v bi dnh trn b cp neo nhiu phi tng cng cc
bin php c nh ca ph kin v tin hnh kim tra mc sch ca l khoan khc, khi cn thit phi
tin hnh lm sch li l khoan.
Trn sut chiu di dnh bm, cc dy neo kiu thanh, dy neo nhiu si v m neo phi t
ng tm trong l khoan m bo lp bo v va ph ti thiu cho dy hoc m neo l 5mm gia
cc v tr c cu nh tm v 10 mm ti cc v tr ca c cu nh tm.
- Nghim thu lp t b cp neo
B cp neo lp t xong phi c cn b chuyn mn tin hnh kim tra, nghim thu v ng k.
Kim tra chiu di, thp khng b chng ln nhau. Sau khi t tiu chun th tin hnh nh s, nh
du i bm va.
S lng kim tra: Ton b.
Phng php kim tra: Thc thp, quan st.
5.3.4 Bm va
5.3.4.1 To va bm
- Bm va xi mng l mt trong nhng cng on quan trng nht trong thi cng neo, hiu qu ca n
tt hay xu trc tip nh hng n cht lng ca cng tc gia c.
- Mc ch bm va xi mng bt kn l khoan bo v thp li neo khng b g v bo m s dnh
kt gia thp v tng chu lc. Va xi mng phi bo m cc yu cu sau:
+ Khng c cc cht xm thc lm g thp;
+ Bo m lng trong qu trnh bm.
+ Khng b lng, t co ngt.
+ Bo m cng theo yu cu 40 (N/mm
2
).
- Nguyn liu trn va xi mng
+ Xi mng: theo quy nh ti 5.1.2
+ Nc: theo quy nh ti 5.1.4
+ T l va xi mng: T l nc/xi mng t 0,40 - 0,45.
ci thin tnh nng ca va xi mng trong thi cng v sau khi ng cng, da theo tnh hnh
thc t c th thm vo lng cht ph gia va phi nh: Ph gia ng cng nhanh, ph gia chm
ngng kt, ph gia n, ph gia chng thm, ph gia gim nc, nhng hm lng Ion mui trong cht
ph gia khng vt qu 0,02% khi lng xi mng.
- Th nghim va xi mng ti phng th nghim
+ Th nghim cng theo mu lp phng 70mm (bo qun trong bao nilon nhit
20
o
C). Cng va 7 ngy tui 30 (N/mm
2
), 28 ngy tui 40 (N/mm
2
)
+ Kim tra lng: va xi mng vo ng nghim sau 3 gi th tch nc trn mt khng
vt qu 2% th tch va xi mng v sau 24 gi lng nc ny b va ht ht (khi th nghim phi
y kn ng nghim nc khng b bc hi).
+ Kim tra n nh th tch theo TCVN 6017:1995; xc nh theo phng php Le chatelier:
khng ln hn 10mm.
+ Kim tra thi gian ng kt theo TCVN 6017:1995; bt u khng nh hn 45 pht, kt thc
khng ln hn 10 gi.
- Th nghim va xi mng ti hin trng
Trc khi bm va xi mng 24 gi phi lm mt s th nghim hin trng kim tra
chy v lng, kt qu th nghim chy khng vt qu phng th nghim 3 giy, nhng phi
TCVN 8870:2011


14
nm trong khong 13 25 giy, lng vn khng qu 2%. Nu kt qu khng t phi thay i lng
nc (1 2) lt cho 100kg xi mng v th nghim li.
- Th nghim kim tra
Th nghim kim tra chy v lng u vo (trong thng cha) v u ra ti ming l
khoan (u vo lm 3 th nghim cho 1 tn xi mng, u ra lm 1 th nghim cho mt l khoan). Kt
qu th nghim phi m bo yu cu sai s 3 giy, nhng phi nm trong khong 13 25 giy v
khng qu 2%. Nu kt qu khng t phi ngng phun v iu chnh li thnh phn. Nu u ra
chy nh hn 13 giy th phi tip tc bm cho n khi t (13 giy).
S lng kim tra: Ton b.
Phng php kim tra: Dng c o nht, quan st.
- Sn xut va xi mng;
+ Cho php dng my trn keo tc cao (t nht 1000vng/pht) v my trn thng khuy (t
nht 150 vng /pht) trn va xi mng.
+ Cn m bo cn ong ng, sai s ca xi mng, ph gia khng qu 1%. Sau khi trn, va
c lc qua sng danh nh 5mm loi b cc vn.
+ Va xi mng phi khuy trn lin tc trong my trn. Khng c trn bng tay. Thi gian
khuy trn t nht l 4 pht.
+ Va xi mng trn xong phi bm vo l ngay, khng qu 20 pht. Nu v mt s c no
y cha bm c th trc khi bm phi kim tra chy.
- Khi trn va xi mng vo ma h cn c bin php h thp nhit .
5.3.4.2 Bm va
- Bm va xi mng.
+ My bm va xi mng dng loi bm cao p, p lc bm khng nh hn 10MPa.
+ ng bm va xi mng phi chu c p lc 10MPa. ng knh trong ng bm t 20 30mm
i vi cp neo nghing ln trn, khi bm va xi mng p dng phng php bm thot kh,
tc l ng thot kh cng b cp neo a vo u thp nht ca l. Sau khi phn ming ng y xong
th tin hnh bm va xi mng, nh th va xi mng s chy t ni thp n ni cao, i sau khi ng
thot kh b va xi mng bt kn th dng bm .
i vi cp neo nghing xung di, ng bm va xi mng cng b cp neo a vo y l,
khi bm va xi mng, va bm va ko ng bm ra, u ng bm va xi mngra nht thit phi m
bo lun lun su nht nh bn di b mt va xi mng lng. Bm va xi mng mt ln lin tc
t y l ngc ra ming l cho ti khi xut hin va xi mng c tro ra ngoi, ly mu kim tra t
yu cu mi c dng bm. Trong qu trnh bm va xi mng ghi chp li cc vn lin quan
ng nh thc t, lm th nghim mu theo ng yu cu.
Kim tra cht lng: bm va xi mng yu cu kn chc, y cht, ly mu th nghim theo yu
cu.
S lng kim tra: Ton b.
Phng php kim tra: Dng c o nht, quan st.
5.3.5 Cng ko neo (p dng cho neo cp )
5.3.5.1 Cc thit b v dng c (xem 5.2.3.1 v 5.2.3.2)
5.3.5.2 Cng ko
- Trnh t cng ko
Vic cng ko ch c tin hnh khi va xi mng to bu neo t cng chu nn t nht
30N/mm
2
, c xc nh t th nghim trn cc khi lp phng 70mm.
TCVN 8870:2011

15
i vi b tng ct thp lm dm neo (hoc neo), cng b tng khng nh hn 30
N/mm
2
, c xc nh t th nghim trn cc khi lp phng 150mm.
Phng php cng ko v ng sut khng ch ca b cp ST phi ph hp yu cu ca thit
k. Khi cng ko, nu cn phi ko vt th ng sut ko vt ln nht l 80% cng tiu chun.
Khi dng phng php khng ch ng sut cng ko thp to ST phi ly tr s dn di
tin hnh i chiu kim tra. chnh lch ca tr s dn di thc t so vi tnh ton trong khong
6%, nu khng phi tm thi ngng cng ko ch lm r nguyn nhn, c bin php x l v sau khi
iu chnh mi tip tc cng ko.
Tnh ton tr s dn di L (cm) khi cng ko thp to ST bng phng php cng sau theo
cng thc:
L = P.L/A
y
.E
h
(1)
Trong :
L: Tr s gin di ca cp sau khi cng ko, (tnh bng centimet);
P: Lc cng ko bnh qun (tnh bng Niu tn);
(Phng php tnh xem ph lc)
L: Chiu di b thp ST, (tnh bng centimet);
E
dh
- Muyn n hi ca thp ST xc nh bng th nghim thc t hoc theo
chng ch ca ni sn xut (N/mm
2
);
A
y
- Din tch mt ct b thp ST, (tnh bng milimet vung).
Trc khi cng phi tin hnh cng so dy vi ng sut P
o
ly t (0,1 0,2) P
k
. Vic nh du
o gin di phi ph hp vi thit b cng.
Tr s gin di thc t L(cm) theo phng php cng sau c tnh theo cng thc:
L = L
1
+ L
2
(2)
Trong :
L
1
- Tr s gin di thc o t gia ng sut ban u n ng sut cng ko ln nht,
(tnh bng centimet);
L
2
- Tr s gin di tnh i ca ng sut ban u so dy. Vic tnh i c th s
dng gin di ca cp gn k, (tnh bng centimet);
i vi phng php cng sau, tr s co ngn n hi ca b tng trong qu trnh cng ko c th
c b.
Bin dng ca mt neo, co ngn thp ST v bin dng do p cht khe ni xem, Bng 1.
Khi cng ko phi cho ng tc dng lc ca kch trng vi ng trc ca b thp d ng
lc.
Bng 1: Bin dng ca mt neo, co ngn thp ST v bin dng do p cht khe ni

Loi neo v khe ni Hnh thc bin dng
Tr s bin
dng (mm)
1. B neo c cu p cht khe h
- Khe h ca cu (ai c) nt 1
- Khe h ca bn m thm sau nt 1
2. B neo t u ca b si thp Bin dng neo 1
3. B neo hnh cn Co ngn thp v bin dng neo 6
TCVN 8870:2011


16
4. B neo kiu ming kp (cp si
thp)
nt 5
5. B neo hnh nm: Bin dng vt liu thp 3
- Khi dng si thp ST Bin dng neo v p cht
- Khi dng thp trn ST Bn m 2
6. Khe ni ca cu kin lp ghp
Khe ni b tng hoc khi ni khe p cht khe ni 1
Vic ng neo phi c tin hnh lc ng sut khng ch cng ko trng thi n nh. Cc
bin dng co ngn giai on cng ko khng c ln hn quy nh thit k hoc tr s cho php
ghi Bng 1.
Khi p dng phng php n si - i xng - phn cp vng cng ko, khng c t hn 3
vng.
Tc gia ti phi chm, nn khng ch gi tr d ng lc thit k khong 0,1P
k
/pht, t l
tc d ti nn khng ch mc d ng lc thit k 0,2P
k
/pht.
Gi tr siu cng ko phi xc nh cn c vo th nghim, thng thng c th ly t 5%~10%
gi tr ng lc thit k.
Sau khi hon thnh cng ko trong vng 48 ting, nu pht hin tn tht d ng lc ln hn
10% d ng lc thit k th phi tin hnh cng ko b sung.
Cc bc cng ko thp ST bng phng php cng sau c quy nh bng 2.
Bng 2: Cc bc cng ko thp ST bng phng php cng sau

Chng loi vt liu thp ST Cc bc cng ko
1. Neo kiu li hnh cn 0 P
ko
0 P
ko
0,5P
k
0,8P
k
P
kv
(gi ti
trong 5 pht) P
k
(neo c)
2. Cc loi neo khc 0 P
ko
0,5P
k
0,8P
k
P
kv
(gi ti trong 5 pht)
P
k
(neo c)

CH THCH 4:
1/ ng sut ban u: P
ko
= (0,1 0,2) P
k

2/ P
k
ng sut khng ch thit k khi cng ko gm c tr s ng sut mt mt d tnh,
3/ P
kv
- ng sut ko vt
- i vi b si thp P
kv
= 1,1P
k
;
- i vi b cp P
kv
= (1 - 1,05)P
k
tu theo thc t x l ti hin trng ca c quan thit k.
4/ ng sut ko vt ni trn trong mi trng hp khng c vt qu ng sut ko vt ln nht quy nh.
S lng si t, dch trt theo phng php cng sau khng c vt qu 3% s u si
thp d ng lc v trong mi b khng c hn 1 si.
CH THCH 5:
1/ t si l ch si thp trong b cp b t.
2/ Khi vt qu s khng ch ghi trong biu trn, nguyn tc l phi thay th. iu kin cho php c th dng bin php
b sung nh nng cao tr s ST ca b thp, nhng tho mn cc yu cu ca trng thi cc hn cc giai on thit k
hoc b sung b thp mi vo v tr l d phng do n quy nh.
5.3.5.3 Kim tra ng sut cp neo
- Th nghim th
TCVN 8870:2011

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+ Th nghim th xc nh s ph hp ca a cht, vt liu, cc b phn, thit b, phng php
thi cng v trnh thi cng.
+ S lng neo th nghim th do T vn thit k quy nh trong h s thit k nhng khng c
nh hn 3 neo cho mt loi kt cu neo v khu vc a cht thay i.
+ Ti trng th ln nht bng 125% P
k
. Nu ti trng th khng gim trong 15 pht ln hn 5% c
xt n s dch chuyn ca kt cu c neo hoc gi ti trng th bng kch v chuyn v u
neo c quan trc sau 15 pht, nu chuyn v nh hn 5%
e
th neo t yu cu.
CH THCH 6:

e
: Chuyn v n hi ca dy neo ti ti trng d ban u, c tnh theo cng thc sau:

e
=

Ti trng d ban u x chiu di dy neo t do
Din tch dy neo x m un n hi ca dy neo
+ Sau khi hon thnh cc th nghim th ti hin trng trn cc neo th, nh thu lp bo co th
nghim ni dung gm: Nh thu thi cng, c quan th nghim, k s gim st, ngy, thi gian v v tr
th, kt qu y mi th nghim ti trng/ gin di, ti trng/ thi gian hoc chuyn v/ thi gian v
cc th nghim th hin trng khc.
Bo co cn c cc bn v v vt liu quy nh, cc kch thc v mi chi tit ca phng php ch
to dy neo v lp bo v, chi tit ca l khoan, cc phng php khoan. Bo co cn m t cc c
trng vt l, iu kin t chung quanh neo, nc ngm, kt qu ca mi th nghim t v nc nu
c. Phng php a dy neo vo l khoan, phng php pha trn va xi mng, bm va bu neo.
Bo co chuyn cho T vn thit k xem xt, quyt nh trc khi thi cng i tr cc neo tip theo.
5.3.6 Kho u neo
5.3.6.1 Lp t h thng kho u neo
H thng kha u neo c lp t cng vi qu trnh lp t neo (trc khi cng ko).
+ Kiu loi ca h thng kha u neo phi ph hp yu cu thit k v yu cu cng ko b cp
neo.
+ H thng kha u neo phi thng qua gim nh k thut v gim nh sn phm ca c quan
chuyn mn c thm quyn. Trc khi xut xng bn cung cp phi tin hnh kim nghim theo quy
nh v cung cp giy chng nhn cht lng.
+ H thng kha u neo trc lc s dng phi tin hnh kim tra ngoi quan theo tng t, khng
c vt nt, vt tn thng, g n mn kch thc khng vt qu sai s cho php.
i vi cng , cng, nng lc neo c v.v... ca h thng kha u neo phi cn c tnh
hnh cung cp hng xc nh hng mc, s lng phi kim tra. Khi giy chng nhn cht lng
khng ph hp yu cu hoc khi c iu nghi vn i vi cht lng, phi tin hnh kim nghim theo
quy nh c lin quan, khi ph hp yu cu mi c nghim thu v s dng.
5.3.6.2 Kho neo
Sau khi ng sut khng ch cng ko t ti n nh tin hnh kha neo.
5.3.6.3 Bt u neo
- u neo cng ko li cp neo phi chiu di lp t thit b v dng hp bo v theo ng
thit k.
- u neo cng ko mt ln sau khi cng ko xong, phi cht li. Dng my ct nhng u cp
tha, nghim cm s dng cc loi my hn ct cp, nn cha li 10 cm u cp phng trt
cp. S dng va b tng mc 20(N/mm
2
) bt neo. Sau khi bt neo xong cn ch m quan b
ngoi.

6 Kim tra trong thi cng v nghim thu sau khi neo xong
6.1 Quy nh chung
TCVN 8870:2011


18
Cng tc nghim thu cc hng mc neo theo cc tiu chun, quy trnh quy phm c nu
trong mc 4.4 ca quy trnh ny.
Ngoi ra, vic nghim thu i vi cc cng trnh gia c bng neo c thi cng trong cc
trng hp sau y phi qua kim tra nh gi cht lng:
6.2 Kim tra
ng dng ton b hoc mt phn cng ngh mi c nhp t nc ngoi hoc do kt qu
nghin cu khoa hc trong nc, sn phm sn xut ln u theo mt thit k mi hoc ci tin mt
phn so vi thit k lu nay vn quen s dng.
6.3 Nghim thu
nghim thu mt sn phm neo gia c, n v thi cng phi xut trnh cc ti liu sau:
- Chng ch ph hp cht lng nguyn vt liu, bo co nghim thu vt liu hin trng v bo
co nghim thu vt liu thay th.
- Cung cp y nhng ti liu v thi cng neo theo biu mu Ph lc B.
- Bo co th nghim nghim thu neo v cc bo co th nghim sa i khc.
- Bo co a cht trong phm vi xy dng cng trnh.
- Cc bin bn nghim thu tng phn vic hoc nghim thu trung gian nh: nghim thu mi dc,
nghim thu l khoan, nghim thu b cp, nghim thu bm va, nghim thu cng thp v.v...
- Bn v thi cng c ghi tt c cc phn thay i c php trong qu trnh thi cng. Trng hp
thay i nhiu phi v li bn v hon cng km theo bn thit k ban u.
- Cc vn bn ngh thay i v cho php thay i cc phn trong thit k.
- Nht k thi cng cng trnh v cc ti liu khc c lin quan theo quy nh.
6.4 Quan trc, nh gi v bo co kt qu
Cng tc ny nhm c s liu iu chnh trong qu trnh thi cng
6.4.1 Quan trc, nh gi
Cng tc o c quan trc, nh gi rt quan trng, phi do cc n v c nng lc m nhn.
- S lng b tr mt ct quan trc: Ti a 20m b tr mt trc ngang quan trc
- Mc khng ch: Trn on gia c mi dc, b tr 04 mc khng ch nm ngoi khu vc x l (t
tiu chun ng chuyn hng 4); gm 02 mc chn mi dc v 02 mc nh mi dc.
- Mc quan trc ln v chuyn v: Trn 1 trc ngang quan trc, b tr cc mc quan trc ln v
chuyn v ngang (mc quan trc t tiu chun gii tch cp 1); b tr tp trung ti phn gia v chn ta
luy.
- Ti trc ngang quan trc, tin hnh o c quan trc theo 2 ni dung sau:
- Quan trc ln v chuyn v mi dc: Thng qua vic o c cc gi tr cao v chuyn v ca cc
mc.
- Quan trc kh nng chu lc v chuyn v ca neo: Bng cch o c cc thng s ca neo. Sau
10 ngy quan trc nu mt mt ng sut vt qu cc gi tr ghi trong bng 3 mc ny th neo cn
tin hnh cng ko li v kho ti trng thit k P
k
.
- My mc thit b quan trc:
+ My o s dch chuyn gia 2 im c chnh xc 0,01mm.
+ My thu chun phi ph hp theo TCXDVN 271:2002.
+ phng i ca ng knh khng nh hn 24 ln
+ Gi tr vch khc vnh c s ca b o cc nh t 0,05mm 0,1mm.
TCVN 8870:2011

19
+ Mia g c chiu di 3m, gi tr khong chia ca cc vch trn mia l 5mm. Trn mia c gn ng
nc trn gi tr khong chia nh hn 5
'
/2mm.
+ My o chuyn v mi dc kt hp vi thit b quan trc chuyn v kiu xon c c chnh xc
0.01mm
+ My o kt hp vi thit b o lc k cp neo c gii o ph hp lc neo thit k.
- S ln o v thi gian o c, quan trc.
+ Quan trc chuyn v v ln cng trnh, xem bng 3
Bng 3: Tng hp s ln o v thi gian quan trc chuyn v v ln ca mi dc

Thi gian quan trc Tn sut o S ln o
1. Sau khi lp t xong 3 ngy 1 ln/3 ngy 1
2. Tun 1 2 ln/tun 2
3. Tun 2 2 ln/tun 2
4. Tun 3 1 ln/tun 1
5. Tun 4 1 ln/tun 1
6. Thng th 2-3 2 ln/thng 4
7. Thng th 4-6 1 ln/thng 3
Tng cng: 14

+ Quan trc kh nng chu lc ca neo, xem bng 4, bng 5

Bng 4: Tng hp s ln o v thi gian quan trc lc cp neo

Thi gian quan trc Tn sut o S ln o
1. Sau khi cng ko 24h 1 ln 1
2. Tun 1 7 ln/tun 7
3. Tun 2 3 ln/tun 3
4. Tun 3 2 ln/tun 2
5. Tun 4 1 ln/tun 1
6. Thng th 2-4 2 ln/thng 6
7. Thng th 4-6 1 ln/thng 2
Tng cng: 22


TCVN 8870:2011


20
Bng 5: Mt mt ti trng d cho php theo thi gian i vi neo

Thi gian quan trc
Mt mt ti trng cho php (%
ti trng d ban u)
5 pht 1
15 pht 2
50 pht 3
150 pht 4
1 ngy 6
3 ngy 7
10 ngy 8

+ Quan trc chuyn v ca neo, xem bng 6

Bng 6: Tng hp s ln o v thi gian quan trc chuyn v cp neo.

Thi gian quan trc Tn sut o S ln o
Sau khi lp t 3 ngy 1 ln/3 ngy 1
Tun 1 2 ln/tun 2
Tun 2 2 ln/tun 2
Tun 3 1 ln/tun 1
Tun 4 1 ln/tun 1
Thng th 2-3 2 ln/thng 4
Thng th 4-6 1 ln/thng 3
Tng cng: 14
Tng s thi gian o c v quan trc l 6 thng.
6.4.2 Bo co kt qu
Kt qu quan trc phi lp thnh bo co trnh cp c thm quyn xem xt v lu trong h s hon
cng cng trnh. Cc ni dung cn bo co gm:
- Cc mc khng ch;
- V tr quan trc;
- Kt qu quan trc chuyn v v ln cng trnh;
- Kt qu quan trc chuyn v ca neo;
- Kt qu quan trc kh nng chu lc ca neo.
TCVN 8870:2011

21
PH LC A
(Tham kho)
Xc nh tn tht lc neo
A.1 Phm vi p dng
Xc nh tn tht do ma st cn vnh vng neo bng kch thy lc. C th tin hnh trn b cng ko
hoc trn mt cu kin b tng ct thp c l lun cp thng.
A.2 Cch tin hnh
Khi hai u u dng neo hnh cn, th cc bc tin hnh nh sau:
a) Bm du ng thi c hai u A v B vi tr s p lc du duy tr 4Mpa, sau bt u B lm
u b ng, ly u A lm u ch ng, cng ko ti lc khng ch. Gi thit lc ko u B l N
b
,
lc ko tng ng u A l N
a
th:
Lc ma st cn vnh vng neo c tnh theo cng thc:
N
o
= N
a
- N
b

(A
1
)
H s cng ko vt khc phc lc ma st cn vnh vng neo c tnh theo cng thc:

n
N
N
o
a
b
(A
2
)

Tin hnh o 3 ln, ly s bnh qun.
b) Bt u A, cng ko u B dng phng php nu trn, tin hnh 3 ln, ly tr s bnh qun.
c) Tr s bnh qun ca 2 ln, s l tr s xc nh N
o
v n
o
.


TCVN 8870:2011


22
PH LC B
(Tham kho)
Cc biu mu kim tra v nghim thu

BIU GHI CHP THI CNG L NEO MI TA LUY

Tn cng trnh:
a im cng trnh: ..
Bin hiu l neo: .

ng knh l (mm) Gc nghing (
0
) Chiu su l (m)
Thit k Thc t Thit k Thc t Thit k Thc t

Phng thc
to l

Loi my
khoan

ng knh
ngoi mi
khoan
mm

Ghi
chp a
tng
V tr l
neo
Tnh
cht t

Thi gian
to l
Nc ngm Vn x l
Hin tng
khc thng




V sinh l bng hi (Mpa) Hiu qu v sinh:
T trng thi cng Ph trch k thut K s gim st

Ghi ch:
TCVN 8870:2011

23
BIU GHI CHP THI CNG CH TO B CP NEO
Tn cng trnh: ....
a im cng trnh:

Phn thit k
Cht lng vt liu b cp neo ng knh (mm) Chiu di thit k (mm)

S
hiu
b cp
neo
Phn kim tra
Thi
gian
ch
to
Phn k tn
Cht
lng
vt
liu
ng
knh
(mm)
Chiu
di
(m)
B
mt
b
cp
neo
Gin
gio
ng
phun
va
Cc
phn
khc
T
trng
thi
cng
Ph
trch
k
thut
K
s t
vn







Ghi ch:
TCVN 8870:2011


24
BIU GHI CHP THI CNG PHUN VA L NEO

Tn cng trnh: ..
a im cng trnh: ..

Thit b trn: Thit b phun va:
Vt liu va Nc Xi mng Ct
T l cp phi

S hiu
l
khoan
Loi
a
hnh
Thi
gian
trn
va
(pht)
Thi
gian
bt u
phun
va

Thi
gian
ngng
phun
va

Thi
gian
phun
va
(pht)
p lc
bnh
qun
(Mpa)
p lc
ti a
(Mpa)
Lng
va
(lt)
K tn








Ghi ch:

TCVN 8870:2011

25
BIU GHI CHP CNG KO CP NEO
Tn cng trnh: S hiu b cp: Trang th:

S hiu ng
h p lc
chnh xc
ca ng h p
lc
Khong o ca
ng h p lc

...
...
(MPa)
...
(MPa)
...
K hiu
kch
S hiu
kch
Lc ko
nh mc

...
...
...
(KN)
...
K hiu bm
du
S hiu bm
p lc nh
mc


...
...

(Mpa)
...
S hiu
va bm

S hiu b
tng b
m
Tui ca
b tng b
m
...
...
...

...
(ngy)
Din bin qu
trnh cng ko
Ghi s
p lc
du
(MPa)
Thi gian
n p
(Pht)
gin di ca cp
neo (mm)
ng
lc
cp
neo
(KN)
Ghi ch
L thuyt Thc t
Vng tun hon
ln th 1
...
...
...
...

Vng tun hon
ln th 2
...
...
...
...

...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...

Ngi ghi chp:
TCVN 8870:2011


26
BIU GHI QUAN TRC LC CP NEO

S hiu mt ct: S hiu cp neo:
Ngi quan trc: Nguyn Vn A

S ln
quan
trc
Ngy quan
trc
Gi quan
trc
Tr s
quan trc
(fi)
Nhit lc
quan
trc(
0
C)
Ghi ch
1



2



3





4





5





6






TCVN 8870:2011

27
BIU GHI QUAN TRC CHUYN V 2 IM
S hiu mt ct: S hiu im quan trc:
Ngi quan trc:

Thi gian
S c o ln
u
(mm)
Chiu di tch
lu
(mm)
C li im o
(mm)
Nhit khu
vc o
(
o
C)




















TCVN 8870:2011


28

BIU GHI QUAN TRC CHUYN V 3 IM
Mt ct quan trc: Ngi quan trc: Nguyn Vn A

Thi
gian
Nhit
(
o
C)
S
im
o
Tr s
o
(mm)
Tr s
bnh
qun
(mm)
Chuyn v
tch ly
(mm)
Tc
chuyn v
(mm/ngy)
Ghi ch
1







t
u
V

2
2
3
3
1
2
2
3
3
1
2
2
3
3
1
2
2
3
3
2



TCVN 8870:2011

29
Ph lc C
(Tham kho)
Cc c trng c hc ca mt s loi thp cng cao
C.1 Cc c trng c hc ca tao thp (7 si) theo tiu chun Chu u v M tham kho bng C1
Bng C1
ng knh tao (mm) 13 15

Tiu chun
EURONORM
138-79 hoc
BS 5896-
1986
ASTM A416-10
cp 270
EURONORM 138-79
hoc BS 5896-1980
ASTM A416-
10 cp 270
ng knh tiu chun (mm) 12,9 12,7 15,7 15,2
Din tch tiu chun (mm
2
) 100 98,7 150 140
Khi lng tiu chun (kg/m) 0,785 0,775 1,18 1,10
Gii hn chy nh nht (MPa) 1.580 1.670 1.500 1.670
Lc ko t (N) 186.000 186.000 177.000 186.000
Cng ko t nh nht (MPa) 1.860 1.837 2.650 2.607
Moun n hi (MPa) 1,95.105
gin di tng i max 2,5%
C.2 Cc c trng c hc ca mt s loi thp ca Australia tham kho bng C2
Bng C2
Loi thp v tiu chun
ng knh - tiu
chun (mm)
Din tch
(mm
2
)
Lc ko t
nh nht
(daN)
Cng ko t
nh nht
(MPa)
5 19,6 3.040 1550
Thp si - AS1310 5 19,6 3.330 1700
7 38,5 6.550 1700
Tao c bit - AS1311 9,3 54,7 10.200 1.860
(Sper) 12,7 100,1 18.400 1.840
15,2 143,3 25.000 1.750
Tao 7 si bnh thng 12,7 94,3 16.500 1.750
AS1131 23 415 45.000
Thanh d ng lc 29 660 71.000 1.080
AS 1313 32 804 87.000 1.080
38 1.140 123.000 1.080
TCVN 8870:2011


30
C.3 Cc c trng c hc ca cc loi cp thp ca hng Liu Chu (Trung Quc) tham kho bng C3
Bng C3
ng knh tao (mm) 12,0 15,0
Tiu chun GB 5524-2008
DiDin tch mt ct (mm
2
) 89,45 89,45 139,98 139,98
Cng ko t nh nht (MPa) 1.570 1.670 1.470 1.570
Lc ko t nh nht (N) 140.240 149.060 205.800 219.520
Gii hn chy gi nh khi bin dng t 0,2% (MPa) 1.191 1.267 1.749 1.865
gin di > % 3,5 3,5 3,5 3,5
Khi lng (kg/m) 0,70 0,70 1,10 1,10
C.4 Cc c trng c hc ca mt s loi thp Nht Bn tham kho bng C4
Bng C4
ng knh tao
(mm)
Din tch mt
ct (mm
2
)
Trng lng
(kg/m)
Lc ko t
nh nht
(N)
Gii hn
chy nh
nht
(MPa)
chng
12,4 92,9 0,729 159.850 1.363 Max 3%
15,2 138,7 1,101 226.630 1.931 Max 3%
chng ng vi tr s lc 0,8 ca lc ko t trong thi gian 1.000 gi.
C.5 Cc c trng c hc ca cp xon 7 si thp Anh tham kho bng C5
Bng C5
ng knh
tao (mm)
Din tch mt
ct (mm
2
)
Lc ko t nh
nht
(N)
chng
tiu chun
(%)
chng
thp
(%)
12,7 112 209.000 5.5 1,1
15,2 165 300.000 5.5 1.1
18,0 223 380.000 5.5 1.1
chng ng vi tr s lc 0,7 ca bn c trng trong thi gian 1.000 gi.
TCVN 8870:2011

31
Ph lc D
(Tham kho)

Mt s loi kt cu neo ng sut trc
D.1 Kt cu neo kiu phn tn lc ko nn: tham kho ti Hnh D1
U DN HNG
1
3
0
NG BOM VA
NEO
NM NEO
30
L XO BAN M NEO
30
1500
150
1
4
0
NG THP
3000
30
3000 3000
30
200
H BOM BU NEO U NEO P CHT BAN CHU TA
BAN NH TM

Hnh D1: Kt cu neo kiu phn tn lc ko - nn

D.2 Kt cu neo kiu phn tn lc nn: tham kho ti Hnh D2

NG THP
NEO
NG BOM VA
NM NEO
30
30
30
L XO
150
BAN M NEO
U DN HNG
1
4
0
1500
200
1
3
0
U NEO P CHT
BAN CHU TA BAN NH TM H BOM BU NEO

Hnh D2: Kt cu neo kiu phn tn lc nn

D.3 Kt cu neo kiu lc ko: tham kho ti Hnh D3

U DN HNG NEO
NM NEO
200
L XO
BAN M NEO
1
4
0

1
3
0
CHN NG THP
BU NEO
CP NEO CP NEO BOC V
H BOM BU NEO
BAN NH TM

Hnh D3: Kt cu neo kiu lc ko


32



























































Vin Tiu chun Cht lng Vit Nam chu trch nhim xut bn,
pht hnh v gi bn quyn Tiu chun Quc gia (TCVN). Khng
c in, sao, chp TCVN nu cha c php ca Vin Tiu chun
Cht lng Vit Nam.
a ch: Vin Tiu chun Cht lng Vit Nam
S 8 Hong Quc Vit, Cu Giy, H ni
Tel: (84-4) 37564269 /37562807 * Fax: (84 - 4)3 8 361 771
E-mail: info@vsqi.org.vn * Website: www.vsqi.org.vn
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing
from Vietnam Standards and Quality Institute (VSQI).
Address: Vietnam Standards and Quality Institute (VSQI)
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Tel: ( 84-4 ) 37564269/ 37562807 * Fax: (84 - 4) 38 361 771
E-mail: info@vsqi.org.vn * Website: www.vsqi.org.vn