Name: ______________________________________________

Quiz name: Genetics Test

Date: ______________________________________
What geometric shape, as proposed by Watson and Crick, describes the structure of DNA?






The four nucleotides that compose DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. We
know that these four nucleotides always pair up the same way in complementary DNA
strands. Which nucleotide always pair up with adenine?






Which nucleotide always pairs up with guanine?






1.
2.
3.
All DNA nucleotides are made up of three components. Name the three components.






In RNA, uracil replaces which DNA nucleic acid?






Three nucleotides are needed to specify all 20 (or 21) amino acids unambiguously. These sets
of 3 nucleotides are referred to as: ___________






Transcription refers to the process of making _____ from a _____template.






4.
5.
6.
7.
What is the main molecule for carrying out the transcription process?






In what cellular compartment does transcription take place?






After transcription, mRNA must be processed (called RNA processing). Name or describe one
way that RNA is "processed".






Name the main molecule that is responsibe for translation of mRNA into proteins. (hint: it is
composed of two subunits and resides on the rough endoplasmic reticulum)






8.
9.
10.
11.
What role do tRNA (transfer RNA) play in the translation process?






A long chain of amino acids makes up a __________.






A A
B B
C C
D D
Most cellular functions are carried out by:
DNA stores and codes for genes. What molecules are responsible for expressing these genes into the traits that we see?






12.
13.
14.
Polypeptides (proteins)
Polysaccharides (sugars)
Polyglycerides (fatty acids)
Polynucleotides (nucleic acids)
14.
The genetic code is degenerate (redundant) but unambiguous. Explain what is meant by this statement.






Name one molecule that is responsible for DNA replication.






List two significant differences between transcription and replication.






Name two similarities between transcription and replication.






15.
16.
17.
18.
Most of the genetic variability from generation to generation in sexually reproducing
organisms is a result of meiosis. Name two things that occur during meiosis that are
responsible for this variability.






In asexually reproducing organisms, there can still be genetic variability between generations. What are two factors responsible
for this variability? (remember, asexually reproducing organisms only undergo mitosis, not meiosis)






19.
20.