Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Digestive System
The Language of Medicine
Perianal
Pertaining to surrounding the anus
Appendectomy
Excision of the appendix
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
Buccal mucosa
Mucous membrane lining the cheeks
Cecal
Pertaining to the cecum / first part of the colon
Celiac
Pertaining to abdomen
Cheilosis
Abnormal condition of the lips – swollen, cracked and bright-red
Cholecystectomy
Excision of the gallbladder
Choledochotomy
Incision of the common bile duct (for removal of a calculus)
Colostomy
New opening of the colon to the outside of the body
Colonic
Pertaining to the colon
Colonoscopy
Visual examination of the colon
Dentibuccal
Pertaining to the teeth and cheeks
Duodenal
Pertaining to the duodenum
Enterocolitis
Inflammation of the small intestine and the colon
Enterocolostomy
new surgical connection between parts of the small intestines and
the colon; anastomosis
Mesentery
A membrane that holds the intestines together; a fold of the
peritoneum attaching the small intestines to the posterior wall of
the abdomen
Parenteral
Pertaining to through some route other than through the
gastrointestinal tract, as by intravenous injection
Esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus
Facial
Pertaining to the face
Gastrostomy
Opening of the stomach to the outside of the body
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums
Hypoglossal
Pertaining to under the tongue
Hepatoma
Tumor of the liver / hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatomegaly
Enlargement of the liver
Ileocecal sphincter
A ring of muscles/valve between the ileum and the cecum (that
closes to prevent the backflow of food from the colon to the ileum)
Ileitis
Inflammation of the ileum
Ileostomy
An artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body
through the abdominal wall
Choledochojejunostomy
Surgical Anastomosis (artificial connection) between the common
bile duct and the jejunum
Gastrojejunostomy
A surgical operation in which the jejunum is connected to an
opening made in the stomach
Labial
Pertaining to the lips
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdomen
Sublingual
Pertaining to below the tongue
Submandibular
Pertaining to below the lower jaw/mandible
Orthodontist
A dentist specialized in straightening teeth
Periodontist
A specialist in treatment of gums
Endodontist
A dentist specializing in the inner parts of the tooth (performs root
canal therapy)
Oral
Pertaining to the mouth
Palatoplasty
Surgical repair of the palate
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum
pharyngeal
pertaining to the pharynx
palatopharyngoplasty
surgical resection of unnecessary palatal and oropharyngeal tissues
in selected cases of snoring
proctologist
a specialist in treatment of the rectum and the anus
pyloroplasty
surgical repair of the pyloric sphincter
rectocele
hernia of the rectum into the vagina
sialadenitis
inflammation of a salivary gland
sigmoidoscopy
visual examination of the sigmoid colon
stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
uvulectomy
excision of the uvula
amylase
an enzyme in the saliva for digestion of starch
biliary
pertaining to bile or bile ducts
hyperbilirubinemia
excessive bilirubin in the blood; jaundice
cholelithiasis
the presence of gallstones
achlorhydria
absence of hydrochloric acid
gluconeogenesis
process of producing new sugar from proteins and fats (mainly in
the liver)
hyperglycemia
higher than normal level of sugar in the blood
glycogenolysis
converting glycogen into glucose in the liver
lipoma
tumor of fat cells (benign)
lithogenesis
a condition of production of stones
cholecystolithiasis
presence of stones in the gall bladder
protease
a digestive enzyme that causes breakdown of protein
sialolith
a stone in a salivary gland or duct
steatorrhea
passage of abnormally increased amount of fats in feces
lipase
an enzyme that breaks down fats into glycerol and fatty acids
hematochezia
passage of bloody stool
choledocholithiasis
abnormal condition of stones in the common bile duct
postprandial
after a meal