Introduction to

Memory
Barbara Oakley, PhD, PE
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Long term memory
Working memory
202-555-0178
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&hort term memory
'on( term memory
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'on( term
memory
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Baddeley, *+, Ey%enck, M+ )+, , *nder%on, M+ -+ ./0012+ Memory+ 345 P%ycholo(y Pre%%+
-ar6enter, &+ 7+, -e6eda, 3+ 8+, 9ohrer, D+, 7an(, &+ :+ 7+, , Pa%hler, :+ ./0;/2+ <%in( %6acin( to enhance di=er%e
>orm% o> learnin(5 9e=ie? o> recent re%earch and im6lication% >or in%truction+ Educational Psychology Review, 24.@2, @A1B
@CD+ doi5 ;0+;00CE%;0AFDB0;/B1/0GBH
-o?an, 3+ ./00;2+ Ihe ma(ical number F in %hortBterm memory5 * recon%ideration o> mental %tora(e ca6acity+
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24.;2, DCB;;F+
Dudai, 4+ ./00F2+ Ihe neurobiolo(y o> con%olidation%, or, ho? %table i% the en(ramJ Annual Review of Psychology, 55, G;B
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Dunlo%ky, 8+, 9a?%on, 7+ *+, Mar%h, E+ 8+, 3athan, M+ 8+, , )illin(ham, D+ I+ ./0;@2+ Im6ro=in( %tudent%K learnin( ?ith
e>>ecti=e learnin( techniLue%5 Promi%in( direction% >rom co(niti=e and educational 6%ycholo(y+ Psychological Science in
the Pulic !nterest, "4.;2, FBGD+
Muida, *+, Mobet, $+, Iardieu, :+, , 3icola%, &+ ./0;/2+ :o? chunk%, lon(Bterm ?orkin( memory and tem6late% o>>er a
co(niti=e eN6lanation >or neuroima(in( data on eN6erti%e acLui%ition5 * t?oB%ta(e >rame?ork+ Brain and #ognition,
$%.@2, //;B/FF+ doi5 ;0+;0;AEO+bandc+/0;/+0;+0;0
9a?%on, 7+ *+, , Dunlo%ky, 8+ ./0;;2+ O6timiHin( %chedule% o> retrie=al 6ractice >or durable and e>>icient learnin(5
:o? much i% enou(hJ &ournal of E'(erimental Psychology) *eneral, "4+.@2, /D@+
9ohrer, Dou(, 9obert $+ Dedrick, and 7aleena Bur(e%%+ PIhe Bene>it o> Interlea=ed Mathematic% Practice I% 3ot
'imited to &u6er>icially &imilar 7ind% o> Problem%+P Psychonomic Bulletin , Review in 6re%% ./0;@2+
9ohrer, D+, , Pa%hler, :+ ./0;02+ 9ecent re%earch on human learnin( challen(e% con=entional in%tructional
%trate(ie%+ Educational Researcher, -%.G2, F0ABF;/+
Recommended Reading
Barbara Oakley, a(e @, lookin( ha66y a% the 6ro=erbial
clam+
Brain cro%%B%ection, Q7e=in MendeH, /0;F+
Metabolic =am6ire%, Q7e=in MendeH, /0;F+
Pinball meta6hor, Q7e=in MendeH, /0;F+
Brick ?all%, Q7e=in MendeH, /0;F+
-li6 art courte%y Micro%o>t -or6oration+
Illu%tration credit%