Sports and Recreation

Textiles
 Classification
High performance textile fibres and fabrics
are used for

– Sportswear
– Sports equipment
– Sports facilities
 Sportswear
• Swimming suit • Water sportswear
• Fitness wear • Winter active wear
• Skiwear • Climbing and hiking
• Gymnastic uniforms • Cycling
• Football gear • Motor racing
• Cricket wear • Tennis
• Horse riding suit • etc
• Rugby gear
 Swimming Suit
• Requirements
– low friction
– low weight
– low moisture absorption
– comfort
– Style
• Fibre types used
– Cotton and wool for comfort
– Synthetic fibres for strength
– Elastic fibre for conformability
Low Friction
HIGH NECK BODYSKIN

Speedo® Fastskin(TM) fabric mimics

a sharkskin with dermaldenticles-tiny
hydrofoils with V-shaped ridges that
decrease drag and turbulence around
the body. Muscle compression
components reduce muscle vibration.
Seaming improves muscle
coordination.

Fabric: 74% polyester/26% Lycra®

spandex.
 Low Weight
A few grams of sheer performance. This
revolutionary fabric is ultra-thin (0.29mm)
and light (146gr/m2) with a sleek finish on
both sides for enhanced aquatic
performance. Thanks to its 28% Lycra
content and its exclusive composition, this
fabric technology hugs the skin from the
inside for a secure fit, while the extra
smooth outside provides an extreme
slipperiness through the water. In fact,
Arena X-Flat creates 4.8% less friction
through the water than your own skin and
50% less drag than normal swimwear
fabric. When wet Arena X-Flat absorbs only
40% of its weight and it dries in a very
short time. Designed for speed and a
competitive performance edge, X-Flat is
available in a select line of women's and
men's high-performance suits.
Styles
Fitness Wear
• Comfortable to wear
• Moisture absorbent
• Breathable
• Warm & cool
• Made from cotton and Lycra
• Knitted and woven
 Football Jersey
Material Descriptions -
Manchester Utd (Home) 00 /
02
Knitted base fabric with tonal
knitted stripe. Sportswool
base fabric is a 30% wool
70% polyester blend. Lateral
mesh panels inserted for
improved breathability.
V-neck with elasticated binding
in black for better fit and
increased comfort.
Athletic silhouette emphasising
the anatomical form of the
body.
Cricket Gear
Cricket and leisure
sweaters are made
from 100% wool,
cotton, or acrylic.
Shin pad is made
from leather.
Athletes Uniforms
Functions:
- easy movement
- heat and moist comfort
- breathability

Materials:
- cotton, cotton/polyester blends
- nylon mesh lining

New technology:
Gore-Tex®
Gore-Tex® Technology
Invented in 1978, Gore-Tex® is
specifically engineered to form
an impenetrable barrier against
wind and water while
maintaining breathability.
Composition:
- outer layer
- Gore-Tex® membrane
- liner layer
Gore-Tex® membrane
It is a film like laminate with
billions of micropores per square
inch. Each pore is smaller than a
water drop, bigger than a
molecule of water vapour.
GORE-TEX® fabric is breathable

The more active we become, the more heat and moisture our body produces.
Breathable outerwear and footwear aids our body's natural cooling process by
allowing perspiration vapour to escape.

Apparel that is not breathable causes excess moisture to accumulate next to

our body, which makes one feel uncomfortable. Wetness next to our skin can
be even worse in cooler temperatures, when you become susceptible to
getting chilled.

These are why all the breathing is necessary. With GORE-TEX® outerwear and
footwear, you stay dry and comfortable when you're active and there's no
perspiration buildup to make you cold.
GORE-TEX® fabric is waterproof
Raindrops hitting the fabric's outer surface are bouncing right off the top
because the fabric is totally waterproof. They could be big raindrops,
pounding raindrops, and they'd still be bouncing off the surface.

No moisture can penetrate the GORE-TEX® fabric because the water drops
are always bigger than the micropores in the GORE-TEX® membrane.
Sport Equipment Tennis racket:
Earlier rackets were made from wood or
aluminium.
Now they are made from textile
composites:
glass fire, graphite, ceramics, boron,
Kevlar, and blends to increase
strength and durability and to reduce
weight.
Graphite fibre rackets are up to 5 times
stronger than aluminium ones and 13
times stronger than the traditional
wooden ones
Sport Equipment

Cycling
Racing bicycle frames are now
made from carbon fibre
reinforced composites to reduce
weight and to improved
performance.
For mountain bikes carbon
composites are used for flexural
strength and fatigue resistance.
Sport Equipment

Golf Clubs
•Multi-Material Graphite Tip Shaft:
Combines steel and graphite into
one shaft. This new technology
offers straighter shots, better feel,
and the easy-to-hit playability;
•The graphite tip is 50% stronger
than steel. This means optimal
stability at impact for consistently
straighter shots. When combined
with steel shaft, the results are
consistency and distance in every
iron shot.
Sport Facilities

Commonly used sailcloth:

1. Woven polyester fabric – low stretch
achieved by elimination of crimp; uses
plain weaves to achieve tightness; high
tenacity and high initial modulus yarn
used.
2. Woven nylon fabric – light weight; good
breaking and tear resistance; coated to
control porosity; plain weave.
3. Laminates with oriented polyester film.
4. Exotics such as carbon fibre and
laminated composites.
Other fibre used for sailcloth: Spectra, carbon and
Kevlar.
Sport Facilities

Hot air balloon

Rip-stop woven nylon fabrics in the
range of 30-60 g/m2 weight are used
for hot air ballooning.The rip-stop
design is suitable to prevent
propagation of fabric tear. The fabric is
coated with a thin layer of
polyurethane to reduce porosity.

A typical balloon is made of around

100 panels, totalling 1,500 m2 of
fabric.
Others Sport
Facilities