cng7appppA1_A16 1/17/01 10:18 AM Page 8

APPENDIX 3

Thermodynamic
Data at
1 atm and
25C*
Inorganic Substances
Substance
Ag(s)
Ag(aq)
AgCl(s)
AgBr(s)
AgI(s)
AgNO3(s)
Al(s)
Al3(aq)
Al2O3(s)
As(s)
AsO43(aq)
AsH3(g)
H3AsO4(s)
Au(s)
Au2O3(s)
AuCl(s)
AuCl3(s)
B(s)
B2O3(s)
H3BO3(s)
H3BO3(aq)
Ba(s)
Ba2(aq)
BaO(s)
BaCl2(s)
BaSO4(s)
BaCO3(s)
Be(s)
BeO(s)
Br2(l)

Hf (kJ/mol)
0.1
105.9
127.0
99.5
62.4
123.1
0.1
524.7
1669.8
0.1
870.3
171.5
900.4
0.1
80.8
35.2
118.4
0.1
1263.6
1087.9
1067.8
0.1
538.4
558.2
860.1
1464.4
1218.8
0.1
610.9
0.1

Gf (kJ/mol)

S(J/K  mol)

0
77.1
109.7
95.9
66.3
32.2
0
481.2
1576.40
0
635.97

42.71
73.9
96.1
107.1
114.2
140.9
28.3
313.38
50.99
35.15
144.77

0
163.2

47.7
125.5

0
1184.1
963.16
963.3
0
560.66
528.4
810.66
1353.1
1138.9
0
581.58
0

6.5
54.0
89.58
159.8
66.9
12.55
70.3
125.5
132.2
112.1
9.5
14.1
152.3
(Continued)

* The thermodynamic quantities of ions are based on the reference states that Hf [H (aq)]  0, Gf [H (aq)]  0, and S[H(aq)]  0

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cng7appppA1_A16 12/28/00 5:59 PM Page A-9

APPENDIX 3

Substance


Br (aq)
HBr(g)
C(graphite)
C(diamond)
CO(g)
CO2(g)
CO2(aq)
CO32(aq)
HCO3(aq)
H2CO3(aq)
CS2(g)
CS2(l)
HCN(aq)
CN(aq)
(NH2)2CO(s)
(NH2)2CO(aq)
Ca(s)
Ca2(aq)
CaO(s)
Ca(OH)2(s)
CaF2(s)
CaCl2(s)
CaSO4(s)
CaCO3(s)
Cd(s)
Cd2(aq)
CdO(s)
CdCl2(s)
CdSO4(s)
Cl2(g)
Cl(aq)
HCl(g)
Co(s)
Co2(aq)
CoO(s)
Cr(s)
Cr2(aq)
Cr2O3(s)
CrO42(aq)
Cr2O72(aq)
Cs(s)
Cs(aq)
Cu(s)
Cu(aq)
Cu2(aq)
CuO(s)
Cu2O(s)

Hf (kJ/mol)
120.9
36.2
0
1.90
110.5
393.5
412.9
676.3
691.1
699.7
115.3
87.9
105.4
151.0
333.19
319.2
0
542.96
635.6
986.6
1214.6
794.96
1432.69
1206.9
0
72.38
254.6
389.1
926.17
0
167.2
92.3
0
67.36
239.3
0
138.9
1128.4
863.16
1460.6
0
247.69
0
51.88
64.39
155.2
166.69

Gf (kJ/mol)

S(J/K  mol)

102.8
53.2
0
2.87
137.3
394.4
386.2
528.1
587.1
623.2
65.1
63.6
112.1
165.69
197.15
203.84
0
553.0
604.2
896.8
1161.9
750.19
1320.3
1128.8
0
77.7
225.06
342.59
820.2
0
131.2
95.27
0
51.46
213.38
0

80.7
198.48
5.69
2.4
197.9
213.6
121.3
53.1
94.98
187.4
237.8
151.0
128.9
117.99
104.6
173.85
41.6
55.2
39.8
83.4
68.87
113.8
106.69
92.9
51.46
61.09
54.8
118.4
137.2
223.0
56.5
187.0
28.45
155.2
43.9
23.77

1046.8
706.26
1257.29
0
282.0
0
50.2
64.98
127.2
146.36

81.17
38.49
213.8
82.8
133.05
33.3
40.6
99.6
43.5
100.8
(Continued)

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cng7appppA1_A16 12/28/00 5:59 PM Page A-10

A-10

APPENDIX 3

Substance
CuCl(s)
CuCl2(s)
CuS(s)
CuSO4(s)
F2(g)
F(aq)
HF(g)
Fe(s)
Fe2(aq)
Fe3(aq)
FeO(s)
Fe2O3(s)
Fe(OH)2(s)
Fe(OH)3(s)
H(g)
H2(g)
H(aq)
OH(aq)
H2O(g)
H2O(l)
H2O2(l)
Hg(l)
Hg2(aq)
HgO(s)
HgCl2(s)
Hg2Cl2(s)
HgS(s)
HgSO4(s)
Hg2SO4(s)
I2(s)
I(aq)
HI(g)
K(s)
K(aq)
KOH(s)
KCl(s)
KClO3(s)
KClO4(s)
KBr(s)
KI(s)
KNO3(s)
Li(s)
Li(aq)
Li2O(s)
LiOH(s)
Mg(s)
Mg2(aq)

Hf (kJ/mol)
134.7
205.85
48.5
769.86
0
329.1
271.6
0
87.86
47.7
272.0
822.2
568.19
824.25
218.2
0
0
229.94
241.8
285.8
187.6
0
90.7
230.1
264.9
58.16
704.17
741.99
0
55.9
25.9
0
251.2
425.85
435.87
391.20
433.46
392.17
327.65
492.7
0
278.46
595.8
487.2
0
461.96

Gf (kJ/mol)

S(J/K  mol)

118.8
?
49.0
661.9
0
276.48
270.7
0
84.9
10.5
255.2
741.0
483.55
?
203.2
0
0
157.30
228.6
237.2
118.1
0
164.38
58.5

91.6
?
66.5
113.39
203.34
9.6
173.5
27.2
113.39
293.3
60.8
90.0
79.5
?
114.6
131.0
0
10.5
188.7
69.9
?
77.4

210.66
48.8

196.2
77.8

623.92
0
51.67
1.30
0
282.28

200.75
116.7
109.37
206.3
63.6
102.5

408.3
289.9
304.18
379.2
322.29
393.1
0
293.8
?
443.9
0
456.0

82.68
142.97
151.0
96.4
104.35
132.9
28.0
14.2
?
50.2
32.5
117.99

72.0

(Continued)

cng7appppA1_A16 12/28/00 5:59 PM Page A-11

APPENDIX 3

Substance
MgO(s)
Mg(OH)2(s)
MgCl2(s)
MgSO4(s)
MgCO3(s)
Mn(s)
Mn2(aq)
MnO2(s)
N2(g)
N3(aq)
NH3(g)
NH4(aq)
NH4Cl(s)
NH3(aq)
N2H4(l)
NO(g)
NO2(g)
N2O4(g)
N2O(g)
HNO2(aq)
HNO3(l)
NO3(aq)
Na(s)
Na(aq)
Na2O(s)
NaCl(s)
NaI(s)
Na2SO4(s)
NaNO3(s)
Na2CO3(s)
NaHCO3(s)
Ni(s)
Ni2(aq)
NiO(s)
Ni(OH)2(s)
O(g)
O2(g)
O3(aq)
O3(g)
P(white)
P(red)
PO43(aq)
P4O10(s)
PH3(g)
HPO42(aq)
H2PO4(aq)
Pb(s)

Hf (kJ/mol)
601.8
924.66
641.8
1278.2
1112.9
0
218.8
520.9
0
245.18
46.3
132.80
315.39
80.3
50.4
90.4
33.85
9.66
81.56
118.8
173.2
206.57
0
239.66
415.89
411.0
288.0
1384.49
466.68
1130.9
947.68
0
64.0
244.35
538.06
249.4
0
12.09
142.2
0
18.4
1284.07
3012.48
9.25
1298.7
1302.48
0

Gf (kJ/mol)

S(J/K  mol)

569.6
833.75
592.3
1173.6
1029.3
0
223.4
466.1
0
?
16.6
79.5
203.89
26.5

26.78
63.1
89.5
91.6
65.69
31.76
83.68
53.1
191.5
?
193.0
112.8
94.56
111.3

86.7
51.8
98.29
103.6
53.6
79.9
110.5
0
261.87
376.56
384.0

210.6
240.46
304.3
219.99

1266.8
365.89
1047.67
851.86
0
46.4
216.3
453.1
230.1
0
16.3
163.4
0
13.8
1025.59

149.49
116.3
135.98
102.09
30.1
159.4
38.58
79.5
160.95
205.0
110.88
237.6
44.0
29.3
217.57

18.2
1094.1
1135.1
0

210.0
35.98
89.1
64.89

155.6
146.4
51.05
60.25
72.8
72.38

(Continued)

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cng7appppA1_A16 12/28/00 5:59 PM Page A-12

A-12

APPENDIX 3

Substance
2

Pb (aq)
PbO(s)
PbO2(s)
PbCl2(s)
PbS(s)
PbSO4(s)
Pt(s)
PtCl42(aq)
Rb(s)
Rb(aq)
S(rhombic)
S(monoclinic)
SO2(g)
SO3(g)
SO32(aq)
SO42(aq)
H2S(g)
HSO3(aq)
HSO4(aq)
H2SO4(l)
SF6(g)
Se(s)
SeO2(s)
H2Se(g)
Si(s)
SiO2(s)
Sr(s)
Sr2(aq)
SrCl2(s)
SrSO4(s)
SrCO3(s)
W(s)
WO3(s)
WO4(aq)
Zn(s)
Zn2(aq)
ZnO(s)
ZnCl2(s)
ZnS(s)
ZnSO4(s)

Hf (kJ/mol)
1.6
217.86
276.65
359.2
94.3
918.4
0
516.3
0
246.4
0
0.30
296.1
395.2
624.25
907.5
20.15
627.98
885.75
811.3
1096.2
0
225.35
29.7
0
859.3
0
545.5
828.4
1444.74
1218.38
0
840.3
1115.45
0
152.4
348.0
415.89
202.9
978.6

Gf (kJ/mol)

S(J/K  mol)

24.3
188.49
218.99
313.97
92.68
811.2
0
384.5
0
282.2
0
0.10
300.4
370.4
497.06
741.99
33.0
527.3
752.87
?
?
0

21.3
69.45
76.57
136.4
91.2
147.28
41.84
175.7
69.45
124.27
31.88
32.55
248.5
256.2
43.5
17.15
205.64
132.38
126.86
?
?
42.44

15.90
0
805.0
0
557.3
781.15
1334.28
1137.6
0
763.45

218.9
18.70
41.84
54.39
39.33
117.15
121.75
97.07
33.47
83.26

0
147.2
318.2
369.26
198.3
871.6

41.6
106.48
43.9
108.37
57.7
124.7

cng7appppA1_A16 2/7/01 10:48 AM Page 13

APPENDIX 3

Organic Substances
Substance

Formula

Acetic acid(l)
Acetaldehyde(g)
Acetone(l)
Acetylene(g)
Benzene(l)
Ethanol(l)
Ethane(g)
Ethylene(g)
Formic acid(l)
Glucose(s)
Methane(g)
Methanol(l)
Sucrose(s)

CH3COOH
CH3CHO
CH3COCH3
C2H2
C6H6
C2H5OH
C2H6
C2H4
HCOOH
C6H12O6
CH4
CH3OH
C12H22O11

Hf (kJ/mol)
484.20
166.35
246.80
226.60
49.04
276.98
84.70
52.30
409.20
1274.500
74.85
238.70
2221.700

Gf (kJ/mol)
389.45
139.08
153.55
209.2
124.50
174.18
32.89
68.10
346.00
910.56
50.80
166.30
1544.30

S(J/K  mol)
159.83
264.20
198.74
200.80
172.80
161.04
229.49
219.45
128.95
212.10
186.19
126.78
360.24

A-13