CK12PhysicalScienceOutline

MNScienceStandardAligned

UNIT1
ScientificResearchandTechnology17

2.1ScientificInvestigation.......................................18
2.2ScienceSkills............................................25

IntroductiontoMatter45
3.1PropertiesofMatter.........................................46
3.2TypesofMatter...........................................53
3.3ChangesinMatter..........................................61
StatesofMatter69

4.1Solids,Liquids,Gases,andPlasmas................................70
ChangesofState...........................................83

UNIT2

Atoms90

5.1InsidetheAtom...........................................92

4.3

9.2.1.1.1Describetherelativecharges,masses,andlocationsoftheprotons,neutrons,andelectrons
inanatomofanelement.

9.2.1.1.4 Explainthatisotopesofanelementhavedifferentnumbersofneutronsandthatsomeare
unstableandemitparticlesand/orradiation.

5.2HistoryoftheAtom.........................................100
9.2.1.1.2 DescribehowexperimentalevidenceledDalton,Rutherford,Thompson,ChadwickandBohr
todevelopincreasinglyaccuratemodelsoftheatom.

5.3ModernAtomicTheory.......................................107
PeriodicTable113
6.1HowElementsAreOrganized....................................114

9.2.1.1.3ExplainthearrangementoftheelementsonthePeriodicTable,includingtherelationships
amongelementsinagivencolumnorrow.

6.2ClassesofElements.........................................120
6.3GroupsofElements.........................................127

EndQuarter1

UNIT3
ChemicalBonding135
7.1IntroductiontoChemicalBonds..................................136
9.2.1.2.1 Describetheroleofvalenceelectronsintheformationofchemicalbonds.

7.2IonicBonds.............................................141
7.3CovalentBonds...........................................147
7.4MetallicBonds...........................................153
ChemicalReactions159
8.1IntroductiontoChemicalReactions.................................160

9.2.1.2.2Explainhowtherearrangementofatomsinachemicalreactionillustratesthelawof
conservationofmass.

8.2ChemicalEquations.........................................165
9.2.1.2.3 Describeachemicalreactionusingwordsandsymbolicequations.

8.3TypesofChemicalReactions....................................170
8.4ChemicalReactionsandEnergy...................................178

9.2.1.2.4Relateexothermicandendothermicchemicalreactionstotemperatureandenergychanges

UNIT4
ElectromagneticRadiation461
21.1ElectromagneticWaves.......................................462
9.2.3.2.7 Describethepropertiesandusesofformsofelectromagneticradiationfromradio
frequenciesthroughgammaradiation.

21.2PropertiesofElectromagneticWaves................................467
21.3TheElectromagneticSpectrum...................................471
NuclearChemistry239
11.1Radioactivity............................................240
9.2.3.2.6 Comparefissionandfusionintermsofthereactants,theproductsandtheconversionfrom
matterintoenergy.

11.2RadioactiveDecay..........................................246
11.3NuclearEnergy...........................................254

UNIT5
Electricity508
23.1ElectricCharge...........................................509
9.2.3.2.4Explainandcalculatecurrent,voltageandresistance,anddescribeenergytransfersin
simpleelectriccircuits.

23.2ElectricCurrent...........................................516
23.3ElectricCircuits...........................................523
Electromagnetism553
25.1ElectricityandMagnetism.....................................554
9.2.3.2.5 Describehowanelectriccurrentproducesamagneticforce,andhowthisinteractionisusedin
motorsandelectromagnetstoproducemechanicalenergy.

25.2UsingElectromagnetism......................................558
25.3GeneratingandUsingElectricity..................................564

EndQuarter2

UNIT6
Motion
12.1DistanceandDirection.......................................264
12.2SpeedandVelocity.........................................269
12.3Acceleration.............................................275
Forces
13.1WhatIsForce?............................................282
9.2.2.2.2 Explainandcalculatetheaccelerationofanobjectsubjectedtoasetofforcesinone
dimension(F=ma).

13.2Friction...............................................287
13.3Gravity................................................295
9.2.2.2.4UseNewtonsuniversallawofgravitationtodescribeandcalculatetheattractionbetween
massiveobjectsbasedonthedistancebetweenthem.

13.4ElasticForce.............................................303

UNIT7

NewtonsLawsofMotion308
14.1NewtonsFirstLaw.........................................309
9.2.2.2.1 Recognizethatinertiaisthepropertyofanobjectthatcausesittoresistchangesinmotion.

14.2NewtonsSecondLaw........................................313
9.2.2.2.3 Demonstratethatwheneveroneobjectexertsforceonanother,aforceequalinmagnitude
andoppositeindirectionisexertedbythesecondobjectbackonthefirstobject.

14.3NewtonsThirdLaw.........................................318

UNIT8
FluidForces324
15.1PressureofFluids..........................................325
15.2BuoyancyofFluids.........................................335

UNIT9
WorkandMachines341
16.1Work.................................................342
16.2Machines..............................................348

9.2.3.2.2 Calculateandexplaintheenergy,workandpowerinvolvedinenergytransfersina
mechanicalsystem.

16.3SimpleMachines..........................................355
16.4CompoundMachines........................................365

EndQuarter3

UNIT10
IntroductiontoEnergy371
17.1TypesofEnergy...........................................372
17.2FormsofEnergy...........................................380
9.2.3.2.1Identifytheenergyformsandexplainthetransfersofenergyinvolvedintheoperationof
commondevices.
17.3EnergyResources..........................................387
9.2.4.1.1Comparelocalandglobalenvironmentalandeconomicadvantagesanddisadvantagesof
generatingelectricityusingvarioussourcesorenergy.

9.2.4.1.2Describethetradeoffsinvolvedwhentechnologicaldevelopmentsimpactthewayweuse
energy,naturalresources,orsyntheticmaterials.

19Waves
20.1CharacteristicsofSound.......................................441
9.2.3.2.3Describehowenergyistransferredthroughsoundwavesandhowpitchandloudnessare
relatedtowavepropertiesoffrequencyandamplitude.

20.2HearingSound............................................449
20.3UsingSound.............................................455

EndQuarter4