Example 3.

2: Pressure on divers
Find absolute, gage pressure and pressure heads on diver.
Density of water =1025 kg/m
3
.
The absolute pressure:
gh p p + =
0
o
h = 30 m
P
0
= 101.3 kPa; = 1025 kg/m
3
; g = 9.81 m/s
2
The absolute pressure is:
Pa p 5 . 402957 30 81 . 9 1025 10 3 . 101
3
= + =
Gage pressure: gh p p =
0
kPa Pa 7 . 301 5 . 301657 30 81 . 9 1025 = = =
Absolute pressure head:
m
g
p
40
81 . 9 1025
5 . 402957
=

The gage pressure head is 30 m

Example 3.3 Find absolute pressure at 40 m depth in a lake.
Temp = 10
o
C , Barometric pressure = 598 mm Hg (abs)
Solution: p
abs@40m
= p
atm
+p
w
For water at 10
o
C,
w
= 9804 N/m
3
Gauge pressure at 40 m depth
p
w
=
w
h
w
= 9804x40 = 392.2 kN/m
2

Hg
=
Hg
g=13600x9.8 = 133.3 kN/m
3
p
atm
=
Hg
h
Hg
= 133.3x0.598 = 79.7 kN/m
2
p
abs@40m
= P
atm
+p
w
=79.7 + 392.2 = 471.9 kPa
Example 3.4: Determine pressure gauge p
A
if h
1
= 0.9m, h
2
= 0.15m, h
3
= 0.23m, SG of oil is 0.9.
Solution:
P
1
= p
A
+
oil
(h
1
+ h
2
)
= p
A
+ 0.9xg(0.9+0.15)
= p
A
+ 9270
P
2
=
Hg
h
3
= 133416x0.23
= 30,686 Pa
p
1
= p
2
p
A
+ 9270 = 30,686
p
A
= 21,416 Pa (Ans)
p
A