Ipasolink Series: System Overview

iPASOLINK SERIES
System Overview
NEC Confidential NEC Corporation 2011 Page 2
iPasolink is a modular network element that integrates a comprehensive set
of TDM cross connect switching, packet switching and microwave / optical
features, resulting in reduced costs and a long investments lifetime.
The following iPasolink series cover mobile backhaul requirements all the
way from the access tail links through to the metro aggregation network.
iPASOLINK 200
iPASOLINK 400
iPASOLINK 1000
12-way Nodal
Redundancy
High Speed INTF
SDH and All IP
with CWDM
4-way Nodal
Redundancy
Pay as grow architecture
2-way radio
Redundancy
Compact design
iPASOLINK Series
BSC/
RNC/
MME
AGW
iPASOLINK 200 iPASOLINK 200
iPASOLINK 400
eNB
2G/3G/LTE
WiMAX
BS
E1
Ethernet
Access Aggregation Metro
Core
Ethernet
BTS/Node-B
iPASOLINK 200 iPASOLINK 200
iPASOLINK
1000
iPASOLINK 1000
iPASOLINK
1000
iPASOLINK
400/1000
iPASOLINK
1000
Internet
Packet network
: All IP
: Dual Native
(Hybrid)
: Hybrid Split : Off Load : CWDM
iPASOLINK support both native TDM and native Ethernet. It is possible to provide TDM and Ethernet
Hybrid transmission or ALL IP transmission without external box within the same equipment. iPASOLINK
can provide flexible and optimized migration scenario according to network situations and customer
evolution
iPASOLINK can provide end to end Ethernet connectivity with the extension of reach and capacity, nodal packet
radio, aggregation and bandwidth management. It is possible to use it also for WIMAX network and fixed network.
NECs E2E Mobile Backhaul Solution
iPASOLINK 200 Features
Pay as you grow concept
- software upgrade
Flexible configuration
- 1+0, 1+1 HS/SD/FD, XPIC 2+0
- 126xE1 Cross Connect SW
- PWE
Frequency bands: 6 to 38 GHz
Radio Transmission Capacities:
- QPSK/16/32/64/128/256 QAM
- Hitless-AMR
- LDPC FEC
- Narrowband transmission 7MHz & 14 MHz
- MTPC / ATPC
Any combination of SDH / PDH / LAN traffic
interface:
- 10/100/1000 Base-T
- 1000 Base-SX / LX
- 16 x E1
- STM-1
VLAN - Port-based VLAN
- 802.1Q Tag-based VLAN
- 802.1ad Q in Q (Tunnel)
QoS - 802.1p CoS / ToS /Diffserv/
- Advanced QoS (for AMR)
Synchronous Ethernet
RSTP
Ethernet OAM
TDM Ring Protection (SNCP)
Transmission Specification
Scalability and Flexibility
Advanced Ethernet Functionalities
TDM
TDM(E1)
Ethernet Ethernet
TDM(E1)
2) Hybrid Radio (Native Ethernet + Native TDM)
Ethernet
PWE
S
W

PWE
Ethernet
TDM(E1)
Ethernet
Ethernet
TDM(E1)
3) Packet Radio
IP over E1
IP over E1
TDM
TDM(E1)
Ethernet Ethernet
TDM(E1)
1) TDM Radio
S
W

PWE
Ethernet Ethernet
Ethernet
TDM(E1)
4) Hybrid + Packet Radio
TDM(E1)
TDM(E1)
iPASOLINK
TDM
S
W

S
W

XC XC
PWE
iPASOLINK Radio Transmission Method
BS
TDM Based
Network
2/3G Backhaul
BSC/ RNC
MME
S-GW
eNB
IP Based
Network
BS
TDM Based
Network
2/3G/LTE Backhaul
BSC/ RNC
Option-2
ALL IP based Backhaul
Option-1
TDM + IP based Backhaul
TDM based Backhaul
MME
S-GW
eNB
IP Based
Network
BS
2/3G/LTE Backhaul
BSC/
RNC
PWE PWE
TDM
Core
Only iPASOLINK can make these transitions on the same platform
iPASOLINK capability for Evolution of Mobile Backhaul
iPASOLINK can configure PWE at both access site and aggregation site.
It allows operator easy configuration of the network.
PWE
E1/TDM E1/Ethernet
Access
Aggregation
1) PWE at Access site
E1/TDM
E1/Ethernet
Access
Aggregation
2) PWE at Aggregation site
PWE
core
core
E1/TDM
Access
Aggregation
Initial Configuration
core
or
Flexible PWE configuration
Access
Aggregation
16xE1
16xE1
16xE1
32xE1
STM-1 STM-1
STM-1 transparent
16E1/MDR x 2 or
Channelized STM-1
1) E1 with Ethernet Transmission
2) STM-1 with Ethernet transmission
Ethernet
Ethernet
FE or GbE
FE or GbE
FE or GbE
Using the STM-1, E1 and Ether BB options iPASOLINK200
Features and System Performance
NEC Confidential
VERSATILE PLATFORM CONFIGURATION
Redundancy Configurations in one IDU
(1+0) No Protection
(1+1) Hot Standby
(1+1) Hot Standby with Space Diversity
(1+1) Twin Path (Frequency Diversity)
Other Configurations in one IDU
(1+0) x 2 Repeater
(2+0) x Dual Polarization with XPIC
(1+0) x 2
(1+1) HS
(1+1) Twin Path
(1+0)
(2+0) CCDP (XPIC)
(1+1) HS / SD
1U Single board all-in-one IDU
iPasolink 200 Radio Configurations
iPASOLINK 200 IDU
Main Board Not
Changeable
No universal slot (All units are to be fixed before Shipment)
LED Indication
(Status/Alarms)
ODU Interface
(1+0)/(1+1)/XPIC)
USB Memory Slot
NE1 - LAN ALM / SC/CLK 16 x E1 INTFC
Multi Service Engine AUX HK DI/DO
Power Supply SFP
2 x GbE
FAN Unit
PS input
Back-to-Back
LAN Ports
2 x Fast Ether OR 2 FE + 2 GbE
4x 10/100/1000Base-T Option
LCT / NMS
16 x E1 INTFC
Ch STM-1 (or STM-1)
OPTION CARDS
NE2-serial
STM-1 SFP
1000BASE-SX
1000BASE-LX
Blank Cover
GbE SFP (Port-5/6)
AUX-S 16E1-S
STM1-S
Optical S-1.1
Optical L-1.1
Electrical
PS-S
Option-1 Option-2 Option-3
CLK2M-C
Top Cover to be removed for installation
Top Cover to be removed for installation
Option-4
Physical location of the Option modules
E1 INTFC DXC
L2 SW
MUX/DEMUX
LAN INTFC
(option)
Optional
ALM / AUX
MODEM
MODEM
Optional
Power input
Channelized
STM-1 / STM-1
(option)
16 x E1
(option)
To ODU
-48V
Native TDM line
Native
Packet line
Power
Supply
Multi service
Engine
(option)
CPU
ALM/SC/CLK
Optional
Clock
iPASOLINK 200 IDU Block diagram
iPASOLINK 200 IDU INDICATORS & SWITCHES
TX1 TX2 RX1 RX2 ALM MAINT
1 2 3 4 5 6
INDICATE MAINTENANCE ON STATUS
INDICATE ODU1 TX STATUS
INDICATE ODU2 TX STATUS
INDICATE ODU1 RX STATUS
INDICATE ODU2 RX STATUS
INDICATE IDU ALARM STATUS
ETHER PORT 1 LINK STATUS
ORDER WIRE CALL BUTTON
PROTECT SWITCH
ODU1 POWER ON / OFF SWITCH
ODU2 POWER ON / OFF SWITCH
BLINKS-CABLE OPEN OR ODU CPU FAILURE
iPASOLINK 200 Modem
IF IN / OUT
TX frequency: 350 MHz
RX frequency 140 MHz
Ref Frequency: 5 MHz (XPIC)
DC Power : -48V
Connector: TNC (Female)
Control 10 MHz
Impedance: 50 Ohms
iPASOLINK 200 IDU INTFC pin assignments
1 NMS TXD(+)
2 NMS TXD (-)
3 NMS RXD (+)
4 Not Connected
5 Not Connected
6 NMS RXD (-)
7 Not Connected
8 Not Connected
LCT / NMS (RJ-45)
1 Vbus
2 D (-)
3 D (+)
4 Ground
(USB) Type1
1 NMS TXD(+)
2 NMS TXD (-)
3 NMS RXD (+)
4 Not Connected
5 Not Connected
6 NMS RXD (-)
7 Not Connected
8 Not Connected
NE1 (RJ-45)
ALM/SC/CLK (High Density D-Sub 44 Pins, Female)
1 ALM2 OUT (NO) 16 ALM2 OUT (COM) 30 ALM2 OUT (NC)
2 ALM1 OUT (NO) 17 ALM1 OUT (COM) 31 ALM1 OUT (NC)
3 GROUND 18 Ground 32 Ground
4 V.11-1 Data in(+) 19 V.11-1 clock in(+) 33 V.11-1 FP input(+)
5 V.11-1Data in(-) 20 V.11-1 clock in (-) 34 V.11-1 FP input(-)
6 V.11-1 Data out(+) 21 V.11-1 clock out(+) 35 V.11-1 FP output(+)
7 V.11-1Data out(-) 22 V.11-1 clock out(-) 36 V.11-1 FP output(-)
8 V.11-2 Data in(+) 23 V.11-2 clock in(+) 37 V.11-2 FP input(+)
9 V.11-2Data in(-) 24 V.11-2 clock in (-) 38 V.11-2 FP input(-)
10 V.11-2 Data out(+) 25 V.11-1 clock out(+) 39 V.11-2 FP output(+)
11 V.11-2 Data out(-) 26 V.11-1 clock out(-) 40 V.11-2 FP output(-)
12 RS-232C-1Data in 27 Ground 41 RS-232C-2 Data in
13 RS-232C-1Data out 28 42 RS232C-2 data out
14 EXT1 CLK in(+) 29 Ground 43 EXT1 CLK in (-)
15 EXT1 CLK OUT(+) 44 EXT1 CLK OUT(-)
iPASOLINK 200 E1 Interface
2M IN /OUT
Input / Output
signal
16 x E1
Bit Rate 2.048Mpps +/_ 50ppm
Interface HDB3 (ITU-T G.703)
Impedance
(S/W
Selectable)
75 Ohms, Unbalance
120 Ohms Balance
Connector MDR-68 pins
Main Board
Option Card
iPASOLINK 200 STM-1 Interface
STM-1 INTFC (OPTICAL) -SPECIFICATIONS
TYPE G957
BITRATE 155.520 Mbps
LEVEL
L-1.1: 0 TO -8dBm (TX) / -10 TO -34 dBm (RX)
S-1.1: -8 TO -15dBm (TX) / -8 TO -28 dBm (RX)
CODE NRZ
WAVELENGTH 1310 NM
CONNECTOR LC
STM-1 INTFC (ELECTRICAL) -SPECIFICATIONS
TYPE G.703
BITRATE 155.520 Mbps
LEVEL 1 Vp_p
CODE CMI
CONNECTOR IEC 169-29 (1.0/2.3)
IMPEDANCE 75 Ohms (Unbalanced)
Multi-Service Engine
PWE MEF8
Support Port No. Up to 16E1
iPASOLINK 200 Ethernet Interface
Fast Ether LAN Interface Port 1,2
Input / Output signal 10/100 Base-T(X)
Auto or Fixed
Flow Control Full duplex or half duplex
Target frame IEEE802.3 64 to 1526 bytes
Jumbo frame Up to 2000 bytes
Forwarding Mode Store and Forwarding
Connector 2 X RJ 45
Link Loss Forwarding Disabled / Enabled selectable
Gigabit Ether Interface (Electrical) Port 1,2,3,4
Input / Output signal 10/100Base-T(X)/ 1000 BASE-T
Speed & Duplex 10/100 Base-T(X) / 1000 Base-T Auto
Sensing or Fixed
Flow Control ON or OFF (Selectable)
Link Loss Forwarding Disable/Enable (Selectable)
Connector RJ-45
Transmission Rate 460 Mbps
Gigabit Ether Interface (Optical) 5,6
Input / Output signal 1000 BASE-SX / 1000 BASE - LX
Speed & Duplex 1000 Mbits Full Duplex Auto Negotiation fixed
Flow Control ON or OFF (Selectable)
Link Loss Forwarding Disable/Enable (Selectable)
Connector SFP Optical Interface (LC)
Transmission Rate 460 Mbps
In case the FAN alarm occurs, replace the FAN unit immediately.
The FAN unit can be replaced under power-on condition (hot-swappable).
iPASOLINK FAN Module
PERFORMANCE iPASOLINK 200 IDU
ITEM IDU
Transmission
Capacity
and
Channel spacing
Channel Spacing 7 MHZ 14 MHz (13.75 MHz ) 28 MHz (27.5 MHz) 56 MHz (55 MHz)
QPSK 10 23 45 91
16 QAM 22 45 91 183
32 QAM 27 56 113 228
64 QAM 33 67 136 274
128 QAM 39 79 159 320
256 QAM - 90 182 366
PHYSICAL INTERFACE
Main Signal Interface
E1 16xE1 (G703) MDR 68 connector in main board (32 E1 with additional 16 E1 optional card)
LAN
2 x 10/100 Base-T(X) RJ-45 connector (up to 4 x 10/100/1000 Base T available with software upgrade)
2 x 1000 SX or LX with SFP modules (connector type LC)
STM-1 1 x STM-1 (S 1.1 or L 1.1 ) option card with software selectable channelized STM-1 (connector type LC)
Inter facility Link (IDU-ODU)
Connector Type : TNC female
Cable length : Nominal 300m maximum with 8D-FB-E or equivalent performance cable
FUNCTION OUTLINE
Native IP and Native TDM Modem has dual native (native IP and native TDM) signal processing circuit
Adaptive Modulation Radio (AMR) QPSK / 16 QAM / 32 QAM / 64 QAM / 128 QAM / 256 QAM (6 modulation schemes changing adaptively)
Protection
Radio (1+1) Hot Standby / Space Diversity , (1+1) Twin Path (Frequency Diversity)
E1 Ring E1 SNCP (sub network connection protection ) support
LAN Ring RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) support
XPIC (CCDP) Function QPSK to 256 QAM modulation at (14 MHz/28MHz/56MHz),
AMR, 1+1 and XPIC combination AMR and 1+1, AMR and XPIC combination available
DXC (E1 Cross Connect) Capacity Up to 152 x 152 E1 non blocking
External Clock Interface 2.048 MHz or 2.048 Mbps external clock input / output, 75 or 120 Ohms selectable, D-Sub 44 pin connector
PERFORMANCE iPASOLINK 200 IDU
ITEM IDU
DCN AND SERVICE CHANNELS
NMS Interface 1 Port, 10/100 Base-T, RJ-45 (in-band and Out-band connections supported)
NE1 1 Ports, 10/100 Base-T, RJ-45
NE2 (RS-485) 1 Port Serial signal port for legacy equipment ,
Local Craft Terminal (LCT) 1-Port, 10/100 Base-T, RJ -45
House Keeping and Cluster Alarms Input 6 ch, output 4 ch available with optional AUX card, D-Sub 44 pin
Service Channels
2 Ports , RS -232C, 9.6 Kbps Async. D-sub -44 pin
2 Ports , V.11 ( co-direction or contra-direction) 64 Kbps Sync, D-Sub 44 pin
Engineering Order Wire (EOW) (Back to Back) 2 port 4-wire voice channel, D-Sub 44 pin
Loop Back
Far-End Baseband Loop Back
Near-End Baseband Loop Back
IF Loop Back
TX Power control Mode
Manual TX Power Control,
Automatic TX Power Control
Performance Monitor
PMON Items: OFS, BBE, ES, SES, SEP, UAS
Metering Items: Output Power Level (TX PWR), Received Signal Level (RSL). Bit Error Rate (BER
LAN Monitoring items: RX Unicast, RX Broadcast, RX Multicast, RX Pause, RX CRC error
POWER REQUIREMENTS AND DIMENSION
Power requirement -48 V DC (-40.5 to -57 VDC) conform to EN300 132-2
Power Consumption
IDU without Options (1+0) : 55W, (1+1) 65 W
AUX option: 5W, 16xE1 option : 5W, STM-1 option: 8W. MSE option: 10W, external Clock option: 3W
Mechanical Dimensions 482 (W), 44(H), 240 (D) mm, 3 Kg approx.
Environmental Condition Workable: -10 to +55 Deg. C,
iPASOLINK OUTDOOR UNIT (6-11 GHz) IHG
Label
IF IN/OUT
Turn OFF the IDU DC
power before removing
the IF cable
RX LEV MONITOR
RF IN/OUT COAXIAL TYPE (6-8 GHz)
RF IN/OUT WG TYPE (6-8 GHz)
HANDLE
Frame Ground
TX RF
BPF
MPX
RX RF
BPF
RF AMP UP CONV
LO
DC-DC CONV
DOWN CONV
CONTROL
LNA
iPASOLINK ODU Block Diagram
Input IF signal consists of:
350 MHz TX IF
10MHz Control
DC power -48V
140 MHz RX IF
10MHz Alarm/Response
Each of the input IF signal components are separated in the MULTIPLEXER using
separation filters. DC voltage is supplied to the DC-DC CONV to produce regulated
DC voltages required in the ODU.
The 10 MHz control signal which is ASK modulated is sent to the Control circuit,
where the ODU controls like TX Power, RF Frequencies etc. are implemented. The
Alarms in ODU are collected in the Control module and sent to the IDU using the
ASK modulated 10 MHz signal.
Output IF signal consists of:
RX LEV ALM
TX PWR ALM
IF INPUT ALM
350 MHz
TX: 350 MHz
RX: 140 MHZ
DC: -48V
TYPICAL ODU BLOCK DIAGRAM
PERFORMANCE AMR
ITEM 6GHz 7-8GHz 10-11GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 28GHz 32GHz 38GHz CS
Transmit Power - Measured at ODU TX port
QPSK 29 29 25 25 25 24 24 23 22 22 20 7MHz/ 14 MHz / 28 MHz/56MHz
Receiver Threshold Measured at ODU RX port (dBm) at 10
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
value below -1.5 dB]
QPSK ( 56 MHz) -84.5 -84.5 -84.0 -83.5 -83.5 -83 -83.5 -82.5 -82.5 -82.5 -81.5
QPSK ( 28 MHz) -87.5 -87.5 -87 -86.5 -86.5 -86 -86.5 -85.5 -85.5 -85.5 -84.5
QPSK ( 14 MHz) -90.5 -90.5 -90 -89.5 -89.5 -89 -89.5 -88.5 -88.5 -88.5 -87.5
QPSK ( 7 MHz) -93.5 -93.5 -93 -92.5 -92.5 -92 -92.5 -91.5 -91.5 -91.5 -90.5
System Gain Measured at ODU RX port at 10
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
value below +1.5 dB]
QPSK ( 56 MHz) 113.5 113.5 109 108.5 108.5 107 107.5 105.5 104.5 104.5 101
QPSK ( 28 MHz) 116.5 116.5 112 111.5 111.5 110 110.5 108.5 107.5 107.5 104.5
QPSK ( 14 MHz) 119.5 119.5 115 114.5 114.5 113 113.5 111.5 110.5 110.5 107.5
QPSK ( 7 MHz) 122.5 122.5 118 117.5 117.5 116 116.5 114.5 113.5 113.5 110.5
Power Control 0 to 24 dB ( 1 dB step)
Max input level - 20 dBm for BER less than 10-3
16 QAM 26 26 22 22 22 21 21 19 18 18 17 56 MHz
16 QAM 27 27 23 23 23 22 22 20 19 19 18 7MHz/ 14 MHz / 28 MHz
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
16 QAM ( 56 MHz)
-78 -78 -77.5 -77 -77 -76.5 -77 -76 -76 -76 -75
16 QAM( 28 MHz) -81 -81 -80.5 -80 -80 -79.5 -80 -79 -79 -79 -78
16 QAM ( 14 MHz) -84 -84 -83.5 -83 -83 -82.5 -83 -82 -82 -82 -81
16 QAM ( 7 MHz) -87 -87 -86.5 -86 -86 -85.5 -86 -85 -85 -85 -84
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
16 QAM ( 56 MHz) 104 104 99.5 99 99 97.5 98 95 94 94 92
16 QAM( 28 MHz) 108 108 103.5 106 106 104.5 105 102 101 101 99
16 QAM ( 14 MHz) 111 111 106.5 106 106 104.5 105 102 101 101 99
16 QAM ( 7 MHz) 114 114 109.5 109 109 107.5 108 105 104 104 102
Power Control 0 to 24 dB ( 1 dB step)
Max input level - 20 dBm for BER less than 10-3
Guaranteed TX Power
6-28 GHz +/- 1.5dB
32-38 GHz +/-2.5 dB
Guaranteed Threshold
Rx Threshold at 10
-6
BER
6-38 GHz +3 dB
Guaranteed System Gain
6-28 GHz -3 dB
32-38 GHz -4 dB
ITEM 6GHz 7-8GHz 10-11GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 28GHz 32GHz 38GHz CS
32 QAM 25 25 21 21 21 20 18 18 18 18 17 56 MHz
32 QAM 26 26 22 22 22 21 19 19 19 19 18 7MHz/ 14 MHz / 28 MHz
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
32 QAM ( 56 MHz) -75 -75 -74.5 -74 -74 -73.5 74 -73 -73 -73 -72
32 QAM( 28 MHz) -78 -78 -77.5 -77 -77 -76.5 -77 -76 -76 -76 -75
32 QAM ( 14 MHz) -81 -81 -80.5 -80 -80 -79.5 -80 -79 -79 -79 -78
32 QAM ( 7 MHz) -84 -84 -83.5 -83 -83 -82.5 -83 -82 -82 -82 -81
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
32 QAM ( 56 MHz) 100 100 95.5 95 95 93.5 92 91 91 91 89
32 QAM( 28 MHz) 104 104 99.5 99 99 97.5 96 95 95 95 93
32 QAM ( 14 MHz) 107 107 102.5 102 102 100.5 99 98 98 98 96
32 QAM ( 7 MHz) 110 110 105.5 105 105 103.5 102 101 101 101 99
Power Control 0 to 23 dB (1 dB step) + (5 dB additional ATT) 0 to 23 dB
64 QAM 25 25 21 21 21 20 18 18 18 18 17 56 MHz
64 QAM 26 26 22 22 22 21 19 19 19 19 18 7MHZ/ 14MHz/ 28 MHz
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
64QAM ( 56 MHz)
-72 -72 -71.5 -71 -71 -70.5 -71 -70 -70 -70 -69
64 QAM( 28 MHz) -75 -75 -74.5 -74 -74 -73.5 -74 -73 -73 -73 -72
64 QAM ( 14 MHz) -78 -78 -77.5 -77 -77 -76.5 -77 -76 -76 -76 -75
64 QAM ( 7 MHz) -81 -81 -80.5 -80 -80 -79.5 -80 -79 -79 -79 -78
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
64 QAM ( 56 MHz) 97 97 92.5 91 91.5 90.5 88.5 88 88 86.5 85.5
64 QAM( 28 MHz) 101 101 96.5 96 96 94.5 93 92 92 92 90
64 QAM ( 14 MHz) 104 104 99.5 99 99 97.5 96 95 95 95 93
64 QAM ( 7 MHz) 107 107 102.5 102 102 100.5 99 98 98 98 96
PERFORMANCE AMR
PERFORMANCE AMR
ITEM 6GHz 7-8GHz 10-11GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 28GHz 32GHz 38GHz CS / THROUGHPUT
128 QAM 25 25 21 21 21 20 18 18 18 18 17 56 MHz
128 QAM 26 26 22 22 22 21 19 19 19 19 18 14 MHz/28 MHz
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
128 QAM ( 56 MHz) -69 -69 -68.5 -68 -68 -67.5 -68 -67 -67 -67 -66
128 QAM( 28 MHz) -72 -72 -71.5 -71 -71 -70.5 -70.5 -71 -70 -70 -69
128 QAM ( 14 MHz) -75 -75 -74.5 -74 -74 -73.5 -74 -73 -73 -73 -72
128 QAM ( 7 MHz) -77.5 -77.5 -77 -76.5 -76.5 -76 -76.5 -75.5 -75.5 -75.5 -74.5
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
128 QAM ( 56 MHz) 94 94 89.5 89 89 87.5 86 85 85 85 83
128 QAM( 28 MHz) 98 98 93.5 93 93 91.5 90 89 89 89 87
128 QAM ( 14 MHz)
101 101 96.5 96 96 94.5 93 92 92 92 90
128 QAM ( 7 MHz)
103 103 98 98 98.5 97.5 95.5 95 95 93.5 92.5
400 MB / 256 QAM 24 24 20 20 20 19 17 17 17 17 16
200 MB / 256 QAM 25 25 21 21 21 20 18 18 18 18 17
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
256QAM ( 56 MHz)
-65.5 -65.5 -65 -64.5 -64.5 -64 -64.5 -63.5 -63.5 -63.5 -62.5
256 QAM( 28 MHz) -68.5 -68.5 -68 -67.5 -67.5 -67 -67.5 -66.5 -66.5 -66.5 -65.5
256 QAM( 14 MHz) -71 -71 -70.5 -70 -70 -69.5 -70 -69 -69 -69 -68
-6
BER [BER at 10
-3
256 QAM ( 56 MHz)
89.5 89.5 85 84.5 84.5 83 81.5 80.5 80.5 80.5 78.5
256 QAM( 28 MHz) 93.5 93.5 89 88.5 88.5 87 85.5 84.5 84.5 84.5 82.5
256 QAM( 14 MHz) 96 96 91.5 91 91 89.5 88 87 87 87 85
Alarm & Status
Indication Category Descriptions Severity
TXPWR ALM Alarm The TX PWR is lower than 3 dB. MJ
TX INPUT ALM Alarm
The TX IF signal become out of range from
-29 dBm 5 dB.
MJ
RXLEV ALM Alarm
The reception level become lower than -72dBm ~ -94dBm level.(It
depends on the modulation system and bit rates).
MJ
ODU CPU / Cable Open Alarm
CPU of ODU is faulty or IF CABLE between IDU - ODU of ODU is
broken or is not connected.
MJ
MUTE STATUS Status
Indicates the control status of the ODU TX power output. When the
TX power is set to Mute, Status is issued.
-
LO REF Alarm Loss of Ref LO signal of ODU. MN
TX SW Status Status
Radio interface TX SW usage state in 1+1 HS Redundant
configuration
-
ODU ALM Alarm
Indicates one of the TXPWR ALM, ODU PS ALM, APC ALM, TPC
ALM, ODU SELF CHECK ALM occurrence
MJ
ODU TOTAL ALM Alarm
Indicates one of the TXPWR ALM, TX INPUT ALM, RX Level ALM,
ODU CPU/CABLE OPEN ALM, LOREF, ODU ALM occurrence.
Highest
severity
will be
displayed
ATPC Power Mode Status
ATPC control signal fault (90sec) as well as MAX Power continuation
90sec
-
ODU TYPE MISMATCH Alarm
Indicate connected ODU type is not supported at iPASOLINK system,
or ODU type cannot use in provisioned modulation setting.
MJ
ODU PS ALM Alarm ALM in a case of Power supply interruption to ODU. MJ
ODUPS SET STATUS Status Status indication of the protection switch for ODU power supplies -
ODU Alarm and Status
RXSW STATUS Status Radio interface RX SW usage state in Redundant configuration -
LOSS OF FRAME Alarm Loss of Frame at radio side. MJ
FRAME ID Alarm Frame ID (route differentiation ID) MJ
HIBER ALM Alarm
Radio signal degradation (High BER threshold detection).
(Threshold :1E-3/1E-4/1E-5)
MJ
LOBER ALM Alarm
Radio signal degradation (Low BER threshold detection). (Threshold.
:1E-6/1E-7/1E-8/1E-9)
MN
EARLY WARNING Alarm
Radio signal degradation (Early Warning threshold detection).
(Threshold :1E-9)
MN
MOD Alarm
Indicates the operating status of the MOD. When any failure occurs in
the modulator section, Alarm is issued.
MJ
IF CABLE SHORT Alarm IF cable between IDU - ODU is in short condition. MJ
INPHASE. Status
In - Phase indicates the received signal DADE status between No.1
and No.2 MODEM interfaces are in Phase condition. In this condition,
hitless switch over is available.
-
L2SYNC LOSS Alarm Loss of frame synchronization of GFP frames on MODEM port. MJ
RDI Alarm RDI indication reception alarm on MODEM port MJ
UAE. Alarm UAE alarm. Indicates the occurrence of an Unavailable state. MN
Mismatch Alarm
Detection of mismatch of selected RX AMR modulation and TX AMR
modulation.
MN
Mismatch Alarm
Mismatch condition when the mapping number of E1 channels are
different between TX and RX modem ports.
MJ
TX SW Reverse Request Status TXSW request signal receiving condition from the opposite station: -
TX SW Lock in Status Status TXSW Lockin state -
Unlocked Alarm Wireless synchronization status of the local side. MJ
Modem Alarm and Status
Unequipped (STM1-S) Alarm
Reserved and installed optional package is removed from optional
slot.
MJ
Type Mismatch(STM1-S) Alarm The equipped type of interface is different from configured type. MJ
Communication FAIL(STM1-S) Alarm Communication failure of equipment internal control communication. MJ
Module(STM1-S) Alarm Equipment fault MJ
SNCP PPS-FAIL Alarm. SNCP Path Protection Failure MJ
SNCP Protection Status Status
SNCP Path Protection Status indication which indicates [FS, SF, SD,
MS, NR] condition.
-
SFP_Type Mismatch (STM1) Alarm Mismatch between SFP on LCT and installed SFP. MJ
SFP Unequipped (STM1) Alarm A SFP is removed. MJ
STM-1LOS Alarm LOS detection on STM1 Optical port. MJ
STM-1 TF Alarm Transmit Failure detection on STM1 Optical port. MJ
RS LOF Alarm
SDH Frame synchronization lost in RS (Regenerator Section) on
STM1 port.
MJ
RS TIM Alarm
Trace Identifier Mismatch detected in RS (Regenerator Section) on
STM1 port.
MJ
RS EXC Alarm B1 Byte error occurrence in RS (Regenerator Section) on STM1 port. MJ
RS DEG Alarm
B1 byte error in RS (Regenerator Section) (RS - Degraded) on STM1
port.
MN
MS AIS Alarm AIS detection in MS (Multiplex Section) on STM1 port. MJ
MS RDI Alarm
Remote Defect Indication reception in MS (Multiplex Section) on
STM1 port.
MJ
AU AIS Alarm AIS detection in AU (Administrative Unit) on STM1 port. MJ
AU LOP Alarm Loss of AU pointer happens on STM1 port. MJ
STM-1 Alarm and Status -1
HP UNEQ Alarm HOP (Higher Order Path) Unequipped occurrence on STM1 port. MJ
HP TIM Alarm
HOP (Higher Order Path) Trace Identifier mismatch occurrence on
STM1 port.
MJ
HP-PLM Alarm
Pay Load Label Mismatch occurrence in HOP (Higher Order Path) on
STM1 port.
MJ
HP-RDI Alarm
RDI (Remote Defect Indication) reception in HOP (Higher Order Path)
on STM1 port.
MJ
HP-LOM Alarm Loss of Multi-Frame on STM1 port. MJ
TU -AIS Alarm In TU (Tributary Unit), AIS detection on STM1 port. MJ
TU -LOP Alarm Loss of TU Pointer on STM1 port. MJ
LP -UNEQ. Alarm LP (Lower Order Path) Unequipped occurrence on STM1 port. MJ
LP RDI Alarm
Remote Defect Indicate reception by a LP (Lower Order Path) on
STM1 port.
MJ
LP PLM Alarm
Pay Load Label Mismatch Failure occurrence by a LP (Lower Order
Path) on STM1 port.
MJ
ALS Status Indication of automatic laser shutdown condition at STM-1 optical port. -
RS UAS Status Status UAS status indication on STM port (Repeater Section) -
STM-1 AIS Generated Status AIS generation condition on STM port. -
PJE Status Pointer justification Event indication at STM port. -
STM-1 Alarm and Status -2
Unequipped (16E1) Alarm
Reserved and installed optional package is removed from optional
slot.
MJ
Type Mismatch(16E1) Alarm The equipped type of interface is different from configured type. MJ
Communication FAIL(16E1) Alarm Communication failure of equipment internal control communication. MJ
Module(16E1) Alarm Equipment fault MJ
E1 LOS Alarm No signal input on E1 port MJ
E1 AIS
Alarm /
Status
PDH AIS
ALARM/Status category can change according to " AIS Received
Condition Setting
MJ / -
Usage Error Alarm Unused E1 CH input signal detection. MN
E1 AIS Generated Status AIS generation condition on every E1 Channels. -
16E1 Alarm and Status
MODULE (Main Board) Alarm Equipment fault MJ
BUS ERROR Alarm Data communication BUS failure condition. MJ
Unequipped (PS) Alarm Installed Power Supply Module is removed from PS slot. MJ
Power Supply Alarm Alarm in case of power failure. MJ
FAN Fail Alarm FAN failure MJ
Unequipped (FAN) Alarm Installed FAN Module is removed from FAN slot. MJ
IDU CPU Alarm Alarm. IDU CPU Alarm MN
Memory Failure Alarm Detection of memory failure MJ
USB Failure Alarm USB memory failure indication MJ
Temperature Alarm The temperature is over the threshold MN
Maintenance Status Maintenance declaration. -
CLK FAIL Alarm Reference Clock Failed. MN
CLK Drift Alarm Reference Clock source Frequency drift condition MN
LTI Alarm Loss of all incoming timing source MJ
CLK Status Changed Status
Reference clock change status
(1) (Locked Ref1)
(2) (Locked Ref2)
(3) (Locked Ref3)
(4) Holdover
-
EXT CLK LOS Alarm Loss of Signal condition of External clock input. MN
EXT CLK AIS Alarm AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) condition of External Clock input. MN
EXT CLK LOF Alarm Loss of frame condition of External Clock input. MN
EXT CLK Alarm
Indication of EXTERNAL clock input is used as EXTERNAL clock
output.
MJ
Item Name (Input-x)
Item Name (Cluster-x) (3-6)
Status/
Alarm
HKA Status Indication {Alarm, } for every HKA input.
- or
Severity
selectable
Main Board Alarm and Status -1
Item Name (Output-x) Status HKC Status {Alarm, } for every HKC output. -
E1 LOS Alarm No signal input on E1 port MJ
E1 AIS
Alarm /
Status
PDH AIS
ALARM/Status category can change according to " AIS Received
Condition Setting
MJ / -
Usage Error Alarm Unused E1 CH input signal detection. MN
E1 AIS Generated Status AIS generation condition on every E1 Channels. -
ETH LOS Alarm LOS detection at Optical Ethernet port. MJ
ETH TF Alarm Transmit Fail detection at Optical Ethernet port. MJ
SFP_Type Mismatch (ETH) Alarm Mismatch between SFP on LCT and installed SFP. MJ
SFP Unequipped (ETH) Alarm A SFP is removed. MJ
LAN LINK Alarm LINK of the is disconnected. MJ
Speed & Duplex Status setting (Speed&Duplex) -
ETH-OAM LOC Alarm MJ
ETH-OAM Mismerge Alarm Ether OAM Mismatch Detection notice. MN
ETH-OAM Unexpected Period Alarm
Ether OAM Unexpected MEP and Ether OAM Unexpected Period
detection notice
MN
ETH-OAM RDI Alarm Ether OAM RDI reception detection notice MJ
RSTP New Detect Status
The notice in which new Root Bridge was detected at the time of
Spanning Tree processing
-
RSTP Topology Changed Status
The notice in which a Topology change was detected at the time of
Spanning Tree processing
-
RSTP Protocol Migration Status
The notice which received a Bridge protocol Data Units different in
classification of RSTP/STP at the time of Spanning Tree processing
-
RSTP Invalid BPDU Received Status Invalid BPDU message at the time of Spanning Tree processing -
LLF Message Timeout Status
Loss of a conditional signaling in which the LLF control signal should
be received continuously from the opposite radio equipment.
LLF Status
LLF force a LINKDOWN status. The Ethernet port under "edge" mode
becomes LINKDOWN.
-
IDU TOTAL ALM Alarm IDU TOTAL ALM
The
highest
Severity
will be
reported
Total FDB Full Status
The number of Dynamic Entry in L2Switch has reached the maximum
number.
FDB Full Status FDB Full indication specified per VLAN basis.
Abbreviations
ACAP
Adjacent Channel Alternate
Polarization
ACCP Adjacent Channel Co-Polarization
ACK Acknowledgement
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AIS Alarm Indication Signal
ALM Alarm
ALS Auto Laser Shutdown
AMR Adaptive Modulation Radio
ANT, Ant. Antenna
APS Automatic Protection Switch
ATT Attenuator
ATPC Automatic Transmitter Power Control
AU Administrative Unit
AUX Auxiliary
Ave Average
BBE Background Block Error
BER Bit Error Rate
BPF Band Pass Filter
BS Base Station
BSC Base Station Controller
BTS Base Transceiver Station
CAPEX Capital Expenditure
CBS Committed Burst Size
CCDP Co-Channel Dual Polarization
CCM Continuity Check Message
CEPT
Conference of European Postal &
Telecommunication Administration
CIR Committed Information Rate
CKT Circuit
CLK Clock
CMF Channel Mismatch Failure
CMI Coded Mark Inversion
CONV Converter
CORBA
Common Object Request Broker
Architecture
CoS Class of Service
CPU Central Processing Unit
CR Critical
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CS Channel Separation
CTRL Control
CV near end Code Violation
CW Carrier Wave
DA Destination Address
DADE Differential Absolute Delay Equalizer
DB Database
DC Direct Current
DCN Data Communication Network
DEG Degraded
DEI Drop Eligible Indicator
DEM Demodulator
Des(Dest) Destination
DI Data-in
DL Download
DM Delay Measurement
DMM Delay Measurement Message
DMR Delay Measurement Reply
DO Data-out
DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point
DUP Duplexer
DXC Digital Cross Connect
E1 E-carrier level 1
EBS Express Burst Size
EIR Excess Information Rate
EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility
EML Element Management Layer
EMS Element Management System
EOW C Order Wire
EPS ETH-Protection Switch
EQL Equalizer
ERP ETH-Ring Protection Switch
ES Errored Seconds
ETH-CC ETH-Continuity Check function
ETH-LB ETH-Loopback function
ETH-LBM ETH-Loopback Message
ETH-LBR ETH-Loopback Reply
ETH-LB ETH-Loopback function
ETH-LT ETH- Link Trace function
ETH-LTM ETH-Link Trace Message
ETH-LTR ETH-Link Trace Reply
ETH-OAM
Ethernet Operations, Administration
and Maintenance
ABBREVIATIONS -1
ETH-OAM LB ETH-OAM Loopback
ETH-OAM LT ETH-OAM Link Trace
ETH-RDI
ETH-Remote Defect Indication
function
ETSI
European Telecommunications
Standards Institute
EXC Electrical Cross Connect
E-to-E. End-to-End
Fail Failure
F/B Front Back Ratio
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FDB Forwarding Database
FE Fast Ethernet
FEC Forward Error Correction
FEBBE Far End Background Block Error
FEES Far End Errored Seconds
FESES Far End Severely Errored Seconds
FEUAS Far End Unavailable Seconds
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
F/W Firmware
GbE, GBE Gigabit Ethernet
3GPP
Third Generation Partnership
Project
GUI Graphical User Interface
H Horizontal
HDB High Density Bipolar
HK House Keeping
HP Higher order Path
HYB Hybrid
H/W Hardware
ID Identification
IDU Indoor Unit
IE Internet Explorer
IEC
International Electro technical
Commission
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers
I/F Interface
IF Intermediate Frequency
IHG iPASOLINK High Grade
IN Input
INTFC Interface
I/O Input/Output
IP Internet Protocol
ITU
International Telecommunication
Union
ITU-R Radio Communication Sector of ITU
ITU-T Telecommunication Sector of ITU
L2SW Layer2-Switch
LAN Local Area Network
LB Loopback
LBM Loopback Message
LCD Loss of Cell Delineation
LCT Local Craft Terminal
LDPC Low Density Parity Check
LED Light Emitting Diode
Lev. Level
LLF Link Loss Forwarding
LM Loss Measurement
LMM Loss Measurement Message
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator
LOC Loss of Continuity
LOF Loss of Frame
LOM Loss of Multiframe
LOP Loss of Pointer
LO REF Local Reference Signal Loss
LOS Loss of Signal
LP Lower order Path
LPM Link Performance Monitor
LT Link Trace
LTI Loss of incoming Timing Input
LTM Link Trace Message
MAC Media Access Control
MAIN Main
MAINT Maintenance
MAX Maximum
Mdev Mean Deviation
MDCPU MODEM CPU
MDI Medium Dependent Interface
MDIX
Medium Dependent Interface
Crossover
MD4 Message Digest Algorithm 4
MD5 Message Digest Algorithm 5
MEG Maintenance Entity Group
MEM Memory
MEP MEG End Point
ABBREVIATIONS -2
MIN Minimum
MIP Maintenance Intermediate Point
MIX Mixer
MJ Major
MMC Multi Media Card
MME Mobility Management Entity
MMG Mismerge
MN Minor
MOD Modulator
MODEM Modulator Demodulator
MON Monitor
MPX Multiplexer
MS Multiplex Section
MSC Mobile Switching Center
MSDU MAC Service Data Unit
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure
MTPC Manual Transmitter Power Control
MUX Multiplexing Equipment
N/A Not Applicable
NBI Northbound Interface
NE Network Element
NML Network Management Layer
NMS Network Management System
OAM
Operation Administration and
Maintenance
OCR Occur
Octs Octets
ODU Out-Door Unit
OFS Out of Frame Second
OMT Ortho-Mode Transducer
OPEX Operational expenditure
OPP Opposite
OPR Operation
OPT Optical
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
OSS Operation Support System
OUT Output
OW Oder Wire
PA Power Amplifier
PBR
Pressurizable Type B, flange profile
square Rectangular
PCP Priority Code Point
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PGM Program
PHY Physical
PIR Peak Information Rate
PJE Pointer Justification Event
PJE-N
Pointer Justification Event Negative
Stuff
PJE-P
Pointer Justification Event Positive
Stuff
PKG Package
Pkts Packets
PLM Payload Label Mismatch
PMC PASOLINK Management Card
PMON Performance Monitor
PNMSj
PASOLINK Network Management
System Java Version
PPI PDH PHY Interface
ppm parts per million
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PPS Path Protection Switch
PQ Priority Queuing
PRM Parameter
PROT Protection
PS Power Supply
PSC Protection Switching Counts
PSD Protection Switching Duration
PWR Power
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QoS Quality of Service
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
RCVR Recover
REF Reference
REM Remote
RDI Remote Defect Indication
RF Radio Frequency
RFS Radio Frequency Systems
RL Relay
RMON Remote Network Monitoring
RNC Radio Network Controller
ABBREVIATIONS -3
RPL Ring Protection Link
RS Regenerator Section
RS-232 Recommended Standard 232
RSL Received Signal Level
RST Regenerator Section Termination
RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
RX Receiver
SC Service Channel
SD Space Diversity
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SEG Segment
SEP Severely Errored Period
SES Severely Errored Seconds
SFP Small Form factor Pluggable
SGMI
Security Gateway Management
Interface
SMS Synchronous Multiplexing System
SMU Source Measure Unit
SNCP Sub-network Connection Protection
SNMP
Simple Network Management
Protocol
SP Strict Priority
SPD Speed
SRC Source MAC Address
STAT Status
STD Standard
STM Synchronous Transport Module
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
SUB Substitute
SW Switch
S/W Software
SWG Switch Group
SYNC Synchronous
TCI Tag Control Information
TCN Threshold Crossing Notification
TDM Time Division Multiplex
TDMoP TDM over Packet
TEMP Temperature
TERM Terminal
TF Transmit Fail
TIM Trace Identifier Mismatch
TLV Type Length Value
TM Through Mode
TNC Threaded Neil Councilman
ToS Type of Service
TPID Tag Protocol Identifier
TQC Total Quality Control
TTL Time To Live
TU Tributary Unit
TX Transmitter
UAE UAS Event
UAS Unavailable Seconds
UL Upload
UNEQ Unequipped
UNEXP Unexpected
Unicast
DMR
Unicast Delay Measurement Reply
UNM Unexpected MEP
UNP Unexpected Period
USB Universal Serial Bus
V Vertical
V Volt
VC Virtual Channel
VLAN Virtual LAN
VP Virtual Path
VPN Virtual Private Network
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Web World Wide Web
WG Waveguide
WR Warning
WRR Weighted Round Robin
WS Wayside
XCTRL XPIC Control
X-DEM XPIC Demodulator
XFP
10(X) Gigabit Small Form Factor
Pluggable
XIF XPIC IF
XPD
Cross Polarization Discrimination
Ratio
XPIC
Cross Polarization Interference
Canceller
XREF XPIC Reference
ABBREVIATIONS -4
System Configurations
Possible Configurations - Hot Standby
HYB
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

M
P
X
F1
F1'
F1
F1'
HYB
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

M
P
X
F1
F1'
F1
F1'
F
1
F
1
'
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
Single Antenna HS System
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

F1
F1'
F1
F1'
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

M
P
X
MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

M
P
X
F1
F1'
F1
F1'
F
1
F
1
'
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
F
1
' F
1
Two Antenna HS System
Space Diversity
Single Antenna Twin Path System
Possible Configurations - Twin Path
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

F1
F1'
F2
F2'
F
1
'
F
2
F
2
'
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

M
P
X
MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

M
P
X
F1
F1'
F
1
M
P
X
M
P
X
F2'
F2
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
Two Antenna Twin Path System
HYB
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

M
P
X
F1
F1'
F2
F2`
HYB
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

M
P
X
F1
F1'
F
1
F
1
'
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
F2`
F2
F
2
F
2
'
Frequency Diversity
Possible Configurations - Hybrid, 2+0
OMT
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

F1
F1'
F2
F2'
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

F1
F1'
F2
F2'
F
1
OMT
F
2
'
F
2
F
1
'
V
H
V
H
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
(2+0) System using OMT
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

F1
F1'
F2
F2'
F
1
F
1
'
HL
SW
MOD
DEM

ODU-2
(TX)
ODU-2
(RX)

MOD
DEM

ODU-1
(TX)
ODU-1
(RX)

F1
F1'
F2
F2'
HYB
F
2
F
2
'
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
M
P
X
Hybrid Diversity System
Radio Functions
INTFC MIX BB LRZ DPU MIX AMP MIX AMP
Gain/Phase
AM-AM
AM-PM
INPUT
Gain/Phase
AM-AM
AM-PM
INPUT
IDU ODU
compensate AM-AM and AM-
PM of power amplifier
improve Spectrum characteristic
Principle of BB Linearlizer
The Automatic Transmit Power Control (ATPC) function automatically varies the TX output power
according to path conditions. Fading exerts heavy influences on propagation, causing the receive signal
level at the opposite station to vary. The ATPC function operates by controlling the transmit output
power of the opposite station according to the variation of the received signal level at the local station.

The receive signal level variation at the opposite station is informed to the local station using the ATPC
bits in the overhead. To implement ATPC, the receiving level (RX IN LEV) is detected by the receiver
and passed on to the CPU in the CTRL circuit of the MODEM module. The CPU then determines
whether the transmit output power needs to be controlled. This is based on the transmit output power,
the minimum and maximum values of the output control range, and the receiving threshold level that
were previously specified using the LCT or PNMT.

The function of the control signal (POWER CONT), is to maintain the RX signal level by lowering or
raising the TX output power of the opposite station. This control signal is based on the result of
comparison between the current receiver input level and the preset receiving threshold level.

Transmission level control can be used not only for setting the same operation (ATPC-ATPC) between
own station and opposite station but also for operation in combination of stations with different
operation (MTPC-ATPC, ATPC-MTPC) between own station and opposite station. The station set in
MTPC mode is not controlled by the information from opposite station but is fixed in its transmitting
output level.

Even if the station is set in the MTPC mode, the opposite station is likely to be set in the ATPC mode.
Therefore setting of the RX Threshold (Receiving threshold level) is required for controlling the
transmission level of the opposite station. Between the stations that are respectively set in the MTPC
mode, however, the setting is disabled.
Automatic TX Power Control
ATPC Operation
T
X

O
U
T
R
X

L
e
v
e
l
RX Threshold
(-60dBm)
-55dBm
H
y
s
t
e
r
e
s
i
s
(
5
d
B

F
i
x
e
d
)
ATPC TX MAX
ATPC TX MIN
Up Mode
Down Mode
The ATPC Control transmits the information
on the receiving level to the opposite station
and controls the transmission level of its
own station in accordance with the receiving
level of the opposite station.
The ATPC Control can be used in several configurations:
ATPC - ATPC
MTPC - ATPC
ATPC - MTPC
Station - A
Station - B
STN - A STN - B
MTPC
RX Threshold = -60dBm
ATPC
When RSL reaches -60dBm at STN B STN-
A starts to increase the TX power in 1 dB
steps, this process continues until the ATPC
TX MAX level is reached. Any RSL drop
below this point is not compensated. In the
UP Mode ATPC operation starts at -55dBm
because of the fixed 5dB hysteresis.
Fading depth
deep shallow
deep shallow
Concept of Advanced AMR
To keep high transmission efficiency, Modulation scheme and Traffic capacity are automatically selected in accordance with the
path condition with QoS. (LAN Throughput in small packet size: 64 bytes)
14 MHz
QPSK
28 Mbps
Normal condition
Critical condition
14 MHz
16QAM
56 Mbps

14 MHz
64 QAM
85 Mbps
28MHz
QPSK
57Mbps
28MHz
16QAM
114Mbps

28MHz
64 QAM
172 Mbps
28MHz
32 QAM
143 Mbps
56 MHz
32QAM
287 Mbps

56 MHz
128 QAM
402 Mbps
7MHz
QPSK
14 Mbps
7MHz
32QAM
35 Mbps

28MHz
256 QAM
229Mbps
28MHz
128 QAM
200Mbps
56 MHz
QPSK
114 Mbps
56 MHz
256QAM
460 Mbps
7MHz
16QAM
28 Mbps
7MHz
64QAM
42 Mbps

14 MHz
32 QAM
71 Mbps
14 MHz
128 QAM
99 Mbps
56 MHz
16QAM
229 Mbps

56 MHz
64QAM
345 Mbps

14 MHz
256 QAM
114 Mbps
7MHz
128QAM
49 Mbps

1. Detection of quality degradation at Rx side

2. Feedback of the information to TX side over the OH

3. Rewriting of the header and changing of Mod scheme

4. Changing of control in DEM and DEC according to the header
Tx side Rx side
(2)
(1)
(3) (4)
MOD AGC
Quality Detector
Tx DPU Rx DPU
Eye Pattern C/N
AGC cont V
Header Information
feedback using
reverse path RFCOH
Header Information
IN OUT
DEM
OH Payload OH Payload OH Payload
128 QAM 64 QAM 32 QAM
Block Diagram
OH Payload
256 QAM
OH Payload OH Payload
16 QAM 4 PSK
AMR Switching Procedure
C/N18 dB (16Q)
C/N 24 dB (64Q)
256QAM
128QAM
64QAM
16QAM
C/N 30 dB (256Q)
C/N 21 dB (32Q)
32QAM
QPSK
Modulation switching is done at BER=10
-10
.
Equivalent C/N is shown
C/N 27 dB (128Q)
AMR Switching Procedure
Reference modulation is the word of definition in AMR operation, that is base condition in link budget calculation
and this is related to ATPC operation. The selection of reference modulation and TX power control (MTPC/ATPC)
relates to link budget of system gain and capacity. Please refer as follows.
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
QPSK 32QAM 128QAM
Ref.256QAM
Ref.QPSK
Reference modulation effects TX power range in order to avoid interference.
TX power is restricted in lower modulation scheme.
Ex. TX maximum power comparison by reference modulation at 18GHz 28MHz
dBm
Modulation
Reference Modulation
QPSK 16 QAM 32 QAM 64 QAM 128 QAM 256 QAM MODULATION SCHEME
Traffic
Capacity
14 Mbps 28 Mbps 35 Mbps 42 Mbps 49 Mbps 7 MHz CH BW
28 Mbps 56 Mbps 71 Mbps 85 Mbps 99 Mbps 114Mbps 14 MHz CH BW
57 Mbps 114 Mbps 143 Mbps 172 Mbps 200 Mbps 229 Mbps 28 MHz CH BW
114 Mbps 229 Mbps 287 Mbps 345 Mbps 402 Mbps 460 Mbps 56 MHz CH BW
99.999% 99.996% 99.994% 99.990% 99.975% Reliability
Critical Traffic Critical Traffic Voice Traffic
Less Critical Less critical Data (video)
Best Effort Internet / e-mail
Microwave links are designed to carry traffic at 99.999% availability under all path conditions with a approx. 30 dB
fade margin. With higher modulation for the same link 99.98% availability can be achieved with reduced fade margin
for higher throughput.
System Outage
5 min
364.91 Days
1 Year / (365 days)
126.4 min
Adaptive Modulation Traffic
STM-1 LAN
OH
STM-1 LAN
OH
E1 LAN
OH
E1
OH
STM-1 LAN
OH
E1
STM-1 LAN
OH
STM-1 LAN
OH
E1 LAN
OH
E1
OH
STM-1 LAN
OH
E1
Traffic type convergence fixed modulation Traffic type convergence AMR modulation
Priority traffic
Traffic Type Combinations
TDM Functions
Modem
16xE1
Modem
16xE1
16xE1 Option
E1 assigned to Radio
Option Option card
16xE1
STM-1 Channelized
Modem
16xE1
STM-1 Through
Modem
CROSS-CONNECTION (1+0)
AUTOMATIC LASER SHUTDOWN FUNCTION (ALS)
TX1
RX1
O/E
550 + 50ms
TIMER
ALS ENB / DIS
O/E
90 + 10s
TX ON
TIMER
2s
TX ON
TIMER
2/9 + 0.25s
TX ON
TIMER
30/60/180s
TX ON
TIMER
DATA BUS
RX2
TX2
Automatic
Reset
Manual
Reset
RLOS
LCT / PNMT
OPT INTFC CTRL 60s
180s
300s
90s
2s
2s
A
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
c

R
e
s
e
t
M
a
n
u
a
l
R
e
s
e
t
550ms
The STM-1 OPT Interface is provided with Automatic Laser Shutdown Function (ALS), if disable the laser
output is always ON even if the optical cable to RX2 is disconnected. When ALS function is set to enable the
OPT INTFC observe the loss of signal and start a timer (550ms) and generate a control signal to interrupt
the optical output from the TX2 to RX1 subsequently the ALS function in the MUX equipment will switch OFF
the laser output from TX1. When the fault at A is cleared the system can be retorted by controlling the laser
output from TX2 through one of the following methods.
Automatic Control
Manual Restart Short on time (2 sec) Control
Manual Restart Long on time (90 sec) Control


IF LOOP-BACK
STM-1 NEAR-END LOOP-BACK
STM-1 FAR-END LOOP-BACK
E1 NEAR-END LOOP-BACK
E1 FAR-END LOOP-BACK
LOOPBACK Function
Ethernet Functions
What is L2 Switch?
L2 Switch
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
PCA
PCB PCC
Hub
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PCA
PCB PCC
Hub
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PCA
PCB PCC
Hub
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
PCA
PCB PCC
Hub
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
L2 Switch performs the frame forwarding based on Ethernet MAC
address of the L2 frame.
Each port of the L2 switch act like a bridge.
Each port of a L2 switch is a collision domain.
Port MAC address
1 A 00-00-00-00-00-01
4 D 00-00-00-00-00-04
MAC A
1 2 3 4
MAC Address Table
Forwarding Data Table (FDB)
FDB of iPASO200 is 32KAdress
Default FDB Aging Time 300 sec
Dst MAC: A
Src MAC: D
Dst MAC: D
Src MAC: A
Basic Ethernet Switching Procedure
MAC B MAC C MAC D
00-00-00-00-00-01
00-00-00-00-00-04

Broadcast frame is
transmitted to all port
except received port
Broadcast frame is not
transmitted to different
VLAN group
VLAN setting
Advantages of VLAN (Virtual LAN)
Enables to make virtual group in LAN
But communication between different VLAN group can be processed by router

Enables to divide broadcast domain
Broadcast frame is transmitted to all port except port where broadcast frame was received when
VLAN is not used
Broadcast frame is not transmitted to different VLAN group

Conventional LAN
2
nd
Floor (Department B)
VLAN
2
nd
Floor
1
st
Floor
VLAN Switch
VLAN Switch
VLAN-1(Department A)
VLAN2
(Department B)
VLAN3
(Department C)
Router/L3 Switch Router
The VLAN (Virtual LAN) is a technology to construct a virtual network independent of
physical network structure. The conventional LANs centering around hubs and routers
take a lot of time and cost because of their physical restrictions encountered during the
initial designing or expansion stages. Introducing VLAN makes it possible to construct or
modify the network more easily and flexibly.
HUB
HUB
1
st
Floor (Department A)
Need to change
physical connections
Just change setting, not
physical connections
VLAN Architecture
Types of VLAN supported in iPASO
VLAN Switch
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3
(VLAN ID 10)

(VLAN ID 20)
VLAN SW
1
2
3
4
6
5
1
(VLAN ID 10)
(VLAN ID 20)
2
3
4
6
5
Tag 10
Tag 20
VLAN SW
Port Based VLAN
Tag Based VLAN
iPASOLINK named
it as Access VLAN
iPASOLINK named
it as Trunk VLAN
1500 18
Max MTU Size = MTU1500bytes + 4 bytes VLAN Tag
Max Frame Size = 1522 Bytes
Max 1518 Bytes
1500 18 4
Max 1526 Bytes
4
Efficient Through-put for application which supports jumbo MTU size (e.g. IP-SAN)
Support Ethernet Expansion Frames like VLAN tag, QinQ, MPLS Label etc..

iPASOLINK supports frame size of FE ports to 2000 Byte and GbE port to 9600 Byte
Usual
Ethernet
Frame
1500 18
Max 1522 Bytes
802.1q
Ethernet
Frame 4
Q in Q
Ethernet
Frame
Max MTU Size = 1500bytes (Ethernet Standard)
Max Frame Size = 1518bytes
Max MTU Size = MTU1500bytes + (2 x 4 bytes VLAN
Tag)
Max Frame Size = 1526 Bytes
Ethernet Header 18Bytes
Jumbo Frame is supported in iPASO product
NEC Confidential NEC Corporation 2011 Page 68 NEC Corporation 2010 Page 68
Extended VLAN (Q in Q)
Extended VLAN is standardized by IEEE802.1ad
VLAN tag (4byte) is stacked to Ethernet frame
iPASOLINK named the extended VLAN as Tunnel VLAN
Common Network
VLAN100
VLAN100
VLAN100
VLAN100
Company A
Company A Company B
Company B
Data 100
Data 100
Data 100 200
Data 100 300
Data 100
Data 100
Thank you
This training document describes the current version of the equipment.
The specifications or configuration contained in this document are subject to change
without notice.

Ipasolink Series: System Overview

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