ASTRONOMY

Q. Who was the first American in Space?

Q. Which astronomer is described here?
I was born in 1889 and played a crucial role in establishing the field
of extragalactic astronomy. My law was based on the relation
previously discovered by Georges Lemaitre. If I had not died, I
would have won that years Nobel Prize.
Q. Which planet in our system has the lowest
average density?

Q. -73 degrees C was the coldest temperature
measured on Earth. Where? (Also name the station)

Q. The Mangalyaan is formally known as?