RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION

RESEARCH DESIGNS &

STANDARDS ORGANISATION
Presented by
MOHD ARBAZ KHAN
ROLL NO.- 1200163071
DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGG.(3
rd
YEAR)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
ENERGY EFFICIENT






TRANSPORT FOR MASS MOVEMENT






RAILWAY SYSTEM
TRANSPORT TYPE ENERGY CONSUMPTION
(MEGAJOULE/TKM)
ROAD TRANSPORT 1.2 8.0
RAIL 0.6
VEHICLE TYPE PERMITTED AXLE LOAD
(TONNES/AXLE)
ROAD 8.0
RAIL 25 - 30
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PASSENGER TRAINS

EMITS 10 TIMES LESS GREEN HOUSE
GASES THAN ROAD PASSENGER
VEHICLE

FREIGHT RAIL VEHICLE

EMITS 27 TIMES LESS GREEN HOUSE
GASES THAN ROAD VEHICLE




CONTINUED . . .
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
OF
RAILWAY SYSTEM
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
ROAD VEHICLE

CAN OFFER 110 120 KMPH
SPEED


HIGH SPEED TRAINS

OFFER MUCH FASTER SERVICE
THAN ROAD VEHICLE
HIGH SPEED
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
ENERGY EFFICIENT













ELECTRIC TRACTION IN INDIA
SYSTEM
VOLTAGE
SECTION INTRODUC
ED DURING
550 VOLTS DC CALCUTTA TRAMWAYS 1905
1500 VOLTS DC VICTORIA TERMINUS
KURLA HARBOUR LINE
03.02.1925
3000 VOLTS DC HOWRAH
SHEORAPHULI
14.12.1957
25 KV AC KENDPOSI
RAJKHARSAWAN
15.12.1959
2 X 25 KV AT BINA KATNI 16.01.1995
OVERHEAD CONDUCTOR SYSTEM
AS COMMISSIONED DURING EARLY
ELECTRIFICATION ON 15.12.1959
CATENARY WIRE: 65 sq. mm
(MESSENGER WIRE)

CONTACT WIRE: 107 sq. mm
(CONTACT LINE)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PRESENT SCENARIO
PRESENT STATUS OF ELECTRIFICATION
(UPTO 31.03.2012)
TOTAL ROUTE KILOMETRE : 67346
TOTAL ELECTRIFIED ROUTE KILOMETRE : 22,224
(33%)
FREIGHT TRAFFIC : 64.3%
PASSENGER SERVICES : 51%
ELECTRIC ENERGY BILL PAID : 38%
TRAFFIC CARRIED BY ELECTRIC TRACTION
(2011-12)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PERIOD TYPE OF WAGONS AXLE LOAD
(TONNES)
SPEED
(KMPH)
1950 4 WHEELER 16.25 65
1960 8 WHEELER
(VACCUM BREAK)
20.32 75
1980 8 WHEELER BOXN,
BCNA (AIR BREAK)
20.32 80/100
1996
1997
CONTAINER
WAGON
(BLCA/BLCB)
--- 100
2006 8 WHEELER
(BCNHL)
22.9 65
2006 8 WHEELER
(BOXNHL)
22.9 100
FUTURE
DEVELOPMENT
8 WHEELER
BOXNHL
25 110
IN FUTURE 32.5 110
DEVELOPMENT OF FREIGHT WAGONS
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
TAKING OFF
PERIOD
(FROM)
PERMISSIBLE
CARRYING
CAPACITY
(TONNES)
NUMBER
OF WAGONS
IN A RAKE
STANDARD
RAKE LOAD
(PAY LOAD)
(TONNES)
1975 CC 30 BOX ---
TRAIN LOAD INTRODUCED ON 01.01.1982
01.01.1982 - - 1500
01.05.1993 - - 3000
15.01.1997 CC+2 (60.8) 58 BOX N 3526
07.11.2004 CC+4 (62.8) 58 BOX N 3642
10.05.2005 CC+8 (66.8) 58 BOX N 3874
01.07.2007 67 58 BOX N 3886
2009 67 59 BOX N 3953
01.08.2011 68 59 BOX N 4012
INSTRUCTION FOR STANDARD RAKE LOAD (PAY LOAD)
ISSUED BY RAILWAY BOARD

EVOLUTION OF PAY LOAD FOR BOXN
PERFORMANCE: FREIGHT TRAFFIC
11
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PERIOD MAXIMUM
PERMISSIBLE
SPEED
(KMPH)
COACH
1955 96 IRS COACH
1965 105 ICF-ALL COIL
1971 130 RAJDHANI
INTRODUCED
1988 140 SHATABDI
INTRODUCED
2001 160 LHB COACH
SPEED POTENTIAL
OF
PASSENGER COACHES/TRAINS
PERFORMANCE: PASSENGER TRAFFIC
13
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
DEVELOPMENT OF TRACK TECHNOLOGY
Axle Load
20.3
22.9
25
32.5
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
1950 2005 2006 Future
A
x
l
e

L
o
a
d

(
t
o
n
n
e
s
)
26000 rkm
(41% of Total rkm)
4800 rkm
(7.6% of Total rkm)
Axle Load
Railway
(DFC)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PERIOD RAIL SECTION
EARLIER 74 UTS
50R, 60R, 75R, 890R
1961-62 IRS 52 Kg RAIL
SECTIONS DEVELOPED
1975-76 UIC 60 Kg RAIL
SECTION WAS
ADOPTED
2009 68 Kg RAIL SECTION
2001 160
ADOPTION OF HIGHER RAIL SECTIONS
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PERIOD RAIL SECTION
EARLIER 13 METRES RAIL
2004-05 65 m/78 m LONG RAIL
COMMENCED
2005-06 SUPPLY OF 130 m/ 260
m LONG RAIL
COMMENCED
2009 68 Kg RAIL SECTION
ADOPTING LONGER LENGTH
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
PERIOD SPEED
POTENTIAL
(KMPH)
HORSE
POWER
ELECTRIC
LOCOMOTIVE
TYPE
1960 80 2870 WAM1
1967 3150
1970 120 3400 WAM4
1983 130
105
3850 WAP1,
WAG5
1991 140
100
5000 WAP4,
WAG7
1993 100 6120 WAG9, WAP7
DFCCIL 100 9000
FUTURE 100 12000
INTRODUCTION OF HIGHER HORSE POWER
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRIC LOCOS
Electric Locomotive Horsepower
2900
3150
3400
4000
5000
6000
9000
12000
1000
3000
5000
7000
9000
11000
13000
1958 1967 1970 1983 1991 1993 DFC Future
H
o
r
s
e
p
o
w
e
r
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
OVERHEAD CONDUCTOR SYSTEM
AS ON 01.02.2012
(EVEN AFTER 53 YEARS OF COMMISSIONING)

CATENARY WIRE: 65 sq. mm
(MESSENGER WIRE)

CONTACT WIRE: 107 sq. mm
(CONTACT LINE)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
SECTION POWER DENSITY
DURING INITIAL
COMMISSIONING
(MVA/RKM)
PRESENT
POWER
DENSITY
(MVA/RKM)
HOWRAH-NEW DELHI 0.18 0.53/0.57*
NEW DELHI- IGATPURI-
MUMBAI CST
0.24 0.48/0.56*
NEW DELHI- KOTA-MUMBAI
CENTRAL
0.19 0.46/0.49*
HOWRAH-VISHAKHAPATNAM-
CHENNAI
0.32 0.46/0.63*
MUMBAI CST- PUNE-CHENNAI SECTION UNDER
ELECTRIFICATION.
HOWRAH-NAGPUR-MUMBAI
CST
0.28 0.51/0.66*
NEW DELHI-NAGPUR-CHENNAI 0.29 0.46/0.56*
EVOLUTION OF TRACTION POWER DENSITY
* TRACTION POWER DENSITY OF THE SECTION WHILE TRACTION
TRANSFORMERS ARE WORKING WITH OIL NATURAL AIR FORCED
COOLING CONDITION.
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
SUMMARY OF POPULATION OF TRACTION SUB-STATION
SECTION Route
(Km)
Traction Sub-Station (Nos.)
Initially
Constructed
Existing
Augmented
Additional
Constructed
Total
Howrah-New
Delhi
1447 21 26 18 39
New Delhi-
Igatpuri- Mumbai
CST
1544 27 22 9 36
Churchgate -
Mumbai Central-
New Delhi
1393 21 18 9 28
Howrah-
Vishakhapatnam-
Chennai
1662 31 15 4 35
Mumbai CST-
Pune-Chennai

1283 Electrification of complete section is in
progress
Howrah-Nagpur-
Mumbai CST
1968 40 20 13 53
New Delhi-
Nagpur-Chennai
2184 44 32 4 48
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
DEPENDING UPON THE TRACTION POWER
REQUIREMENT,
EITHER EXISTING TRACTION SUB-STATIONS HAS
BEEN AUGMENTED (FROM 10 MVA TO 21.6/30.24
MVA AND FURTHER TO 30/40 MVA)
OR
ADDITIONAL TRACTION SUB-STATION HAS BEEN
ADDED

SPACING BETWEEN TWO TRACTION SUB-STATION HAS
BEEN REDUCED FROM 70 KMS TO 20 KMS (APPROX.)

FURTHER REDUCTION OF TRACTION SUB-STATION
SPACING WILL HAVE ADVERSE EFFECT ON THE
PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE AND
THEREBY ON TRAIN OPERATION.





SPACING BETWEEN SUBSTATIONS
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
HIGH SPEED OHE
OF
INDIAN RAILWAYS
ISSUES
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION

ACCOMODATION OF HIGHER SPEED ON
EXISTING OVERHEAD INFRASTRUCTURES

MEETING POWER QUALITY NORMS WHILE
INCREASING TRANSFORMATION CAPACITY OF
TRACTION SUB-STATIONS

INCREASING FAILURE TOLERANCE OF
TRACTION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

ACHIEVING HIGHER SYSTEM RELIABILITY

REDUCING LAND REQUIREMENT FOR
HIGHER TRACTION POWER DELIVERY
HIGH SPEED OHE OF IR
ISSUES
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
HIGH SPEED OHE
OF
INDIAN RAILWAYS
CHALLENGES
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
1. FOR ONE/ TWO TRAINS

REPLACEMENT OF CONTACT WIRE
107 sq. mm 150 sq. mm

(WITH 1200 Kgf TENSION IN CATENARY &
CONTACT WIRE)

CHANGE OF DROPPER SCHEDULE
(WITH 50 mm PRE SAG)

MULTI ZONE PROTECTION SYSTEM

2. FOR REGULAR SERVICES

ADOPTION OF 2X25 kV AT SYSTEM






HIGH SPEED OHE OF IR
CHALLENGES (160 KMPH)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
1. ADOPTION OF 2X25 kV AT SYSTEM

2. ADOPTION OF LIGHT BRACKET ASSEMBLIES

3. ADJUST THE CONTACT WIRE GRADIENT
(FROM 3 mm TO 2 mm/meter ABSOLUTE)
(FROM 1.5 mm TO 1 mm/meter RELATIVE)

4. MAINTAIN MINIMUM DROPPER LENGTH
(500 mm)

VALIDATION OF OHE

BY EN-50317, EN-50318 & EN-50367

HIGH SPEED OHE OF IR
CHALLENGES (200 KMPH)
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
HIGH SPEED OHE
OF
INDIAN RAILWAYS
OPTIONS
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
TO INCREASE THROUGHPUT

TO MEET THE PUBLIC NEED

TO COPE UP WITH INCREASED GDP OF THE
COUNTRY

TO BOOST UP THE ECONOMY OF THE COUNTRY

FOR SURVIVAL OF IR IN THE TRANSPORT
SECTOR



CONTINUE . . .
HIGH SPEED OHE OF IR
OPTIONS CORPORATE IMPERATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION
ACTION POINTS

MAIL EXPRESS AT 160 KMPH
200 KMPH

PASSENGER SERVICES AT 100 KMPH
(MEMU 18 COACH RAKE)

GOODS SERVICES AT 100 KMPHS
(WITH HIGHER AXLE LOAD25 TONNES/32.5 TONNES)

INCREASE OF PAYLOAD TO TARE RATIO

INTRODUCTION OF LIGHT WEIGHT COACHES

HIGH SPEED OHE OF IR
OPTIONS CORPORATE IMPERATIVE
THE ETERNAL QUESTION
YAKSHA PRASHNA (THE ETERNAL QUESTION):
WHAT IS THE ULTIMATE SURPRISE?
YUDHISHTIR ANSWERED:
THE MOST IMPORTANT AND VALUABLE FACTORS
ARE MOST HIDDEN AND FORGOTTEN
WHAT WE SEE?
WE SEE AND APPRECIATE THE MODERN RAILWAYS BUT
NOT THE TECHNOLOGICAL EXCELLENCE.
WE SEE SUCCESS STORY OF ELECTRIC TRACTION
ON IR BUT NOT THE NEED TO CONTINUALLY
UPGRADE THE TRACTION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
RESEARCH DESIGNS AND STANDARDS ORGANISATION