Troubleshooting

C7 Engine for Caterpillar Built Machines

Engine Speed/Timing Sensor - Calibrate
SMCS - 1912-524
System Operation Description:
Use this procedure if the diagnostic code in Table 2 is active.
The ECM has the ability to compensate for mechanical differences between the Top Center (TC) of the
flywheel and the TC of the timing gear on the camshaft.
An "Engine Timing Calibration Not Performed" code is activated if a timing calibration is required.
TC of the Flywheel - The ECM determines the TC of the flywheel via a signal from a magnetic transducer.
The transducer is installed into the side of the engine block. The transducer creates a signal as a notch on a
crankshaft counterweight rotates past the transducer.
TC of the Timing Gear - The ECM determines the TC of the timing gear by signals from the engine
speed/timing sensors.
Any offset between the TC of the flywheel and the TC of the timing gear is stored into the memory of the
ECM.
Shutdown SIS

Previous Screen
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Configuration: NO EQUIPMENT SELECTED
Media Number -RENR9319-00 Publication Date -01/10/2005 Date Updated -27/10/2005

i02708320
Table 1
Diagnostic Codes Table
Description Conditions which Generate this Code
System
Response

22-13 "Engine
Timing Calibration
Not Performed"
A timing calibration is required for a new engine. A timing
calibration is also required after a repair to the front gear train, the
camshaft, or the crankshaft has been completed. The code may also
become active after replacing an Electronic Control Module (ECM)
that fails to communicate.
The code is
logged.
261-13 Engine
Timing Calibration
calibration required

261-11 Engine
Timing Offset fault

The wiring to the sensors may have the wrong polarity. There may
be a mechanical problem with the front gear train.
The code is
logged.
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Note: A timing calibration will not increase the available engine power.
Table 3 lists the special tools that are required in order to perform this procedure.
Test Step 1. Install the Transducer Adapter
A. Remove the electrical power from the ECM.
B. Use the appropriate engine turning tool to put either the No. 1 piston or the No. 6 piston at top center.
Refer to the Systems Operation/Testing and Adjusting.
C. Refer to Table 4. After the top center position has been located, rotate the crankshaft for the number of
degrees that is applicable to your engine model. Be sure to rotate the crankshaft in the direction of
rotation that is specified in the Table.
D. Refer to Table 5. Locate the engine's timing calibration port.
Table 2
Required Special Tools
Part Number Description
7X-1171 Transducer Adapter
6V-2197 Transducer
7X-1695 Cable As
170-3519 Harness
(1)

( 1 )
This item is not required if the engine harness has a connector for timing calibration.
Table 3
Crankshaft Rotation
Engine Model Number of Degrees Direction of Rotation
C7 100 Normal Rotation
C-9 85 Normal Rotation
C-10 60 Opposite Normal Rotation
C11 75 Normal Rotation
C-12 60 Opposite Normal Rotation
C13 75 Normal Rotation
C-15 60 Opposite Normal Rotation
C15 60 Opposite Normal Rotation
C-16 60 Opposite Normal Rotation
C18 30 Opposite Normal Rotation
Table 4
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E. Remove the plug from the timing calibration port.
F. Thread the transducer adapter into the port.
Results:
Continue to the next test step.
Test Step 2. Install the Transducer
A. Apply clean engine oil to a 2D-6392 O-Ring Seal . Install the O-ring seal on the end of the 6V-2197
Transducer .
B. Push the transducer through the transducer adapter until the transducer contacts the crankshaft
counterweight.
C. Withdraw the transducer 1.0 mm (0.04 inch) and hand tighten the nut on the adapter sleeve in order to
secure the transducer. Move the O-ring seal against the adapter.
Results:
Continue to the next test step.
Test Step 3. Connect the 7X-1695 Cable As
A. If the engine harness is equipped with a connector for timing calibration, connect the 7X-1695 Cable
As to the connector for timing calibration and to the transducer.
Location of the Timing Calibration Port
Engine Model Crankshaft Counterweight Engine Location
C7 3 Left Side
C-9 3 Left Side
C-10 8 Right Side
C11 8 Left Side
C-12 8 Right Side
C13 8 Left Side
C-15 2 Left Side
C15 2 Left Side
C-16 2 Left Side
C18 2 Left Side
NOTICE
If the crankshaft is not in the correct position when the transducer is
installed, the transducer will be damaged when the engine is started.

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Illustration 1 g01345358
Connecting the 7X-1695 Cable As to an ADEM III ECM

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B. If the engine harness is not equipped with a connector for timing calibration, perform the following
procedure:
Note: Refer to Illustration 1 or 2. The 170-3519 Harness can be connected to the P1 connector or to the
P2 connector. Select the connector with the easiest access.
a.
b. Refer to Table 6. Remove the sealing plugs from the appropriate terminals. Do not discard the
sealing plugs. The sealing plugs may be reinstalled when the timing calibration is complete.

Illustration 2 g01345359
Connecting the 7X-1695 Cable As to an ADEM IV ECM
Table 5
Locations for Connection of the 170-3519 Harness
Wire
Color
Locations on the 70-pin
P2 Connector
Locations on the 120-pin
P2 Connector
Locations on the P1
Connector
White 22 26 24
Yellow 23 36 25
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c. Disregard the pin-outs on the label of the harness. Install the white wire of the 170-3519 Harness
into the appropriate location.
d. Install the yellow wire of the 170-3519 Harness into the appropriate location.
Note: Ensure that each wire is installed into the correct location. The timing calibration will not
be successful if the wires are installed incorrectly.
e. Connect the 7X-1695 Cable As to the connector for timing calibration and to the transducer.
Results:
Continue to the next test step.
Test Step 4. Start the Engine and Check for Diagnostic Codes
A. Connect Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) to the service tool connector. Refer to
Troubleshooting, "Electronic Service Tools".
B. Start the engine and run the engine until the engine is at the normal operating temperature.
C. Check for active diagnostic codes. Wait at least 30 seconds in order for the codes to become active.
The engine must not have any active diagnostic codes during the timing calibration except for a 261-13
Engine Timing Calibration required.
Expected Result:
There are no active diagnostic codes or there is only a code for timing calibration that is active at this time.
Results:
OK - There are no active diagnostic codes or there is only a code that is active for timing calibration at
this time. Proceed to Test Step 5.
Not OK - There is at least one active code that is not a code for timing calibration.
Repair: Troubleshoot and repair any active diagnostic codes before you continue with this procedure.
STOP
Test Step 5. Calibrate the Engine Speed/Timing Sensor
A. Set the engine speed to 1100 50 rpm. The engine speed must be steady within this rpm range in order
for the calibration to be successful.
B. After the engine has warmed up, access the "Timing Calibration" screen on the Cat ET. Access the
following display screens in order:
Service
Calibrations
Timing Calibration
C. To calibrate the timing, select "Continue" on Cat ET. Wait until Cat ET indicates that the timing is
calibrated.
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Expected Result:
Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated.
Results:
OK - Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated.
Repair: Perform the following procedure:
1. Set the engine speed to low idle.
Note: Disconnect the 7X-1695 Cable As before you exit the "Timing Calibration" screen.
Otherwise, diagnostic codes may be activated.
2. Disconnect the 7X-1695 Cable As .
3. Exit the "Timing Calibration" screen on Cat ET.
4. Remove the electrical power from the ECM.
5. Remove the transducer and remove the adapter.
6. Install the plug into the timing calibration port.
7. If you installed a 170-3519 Harness , you may remove the harness or you may permanently
install the harness for future use. If you remove the harness, install the sealing plugs into the
unused cavities of the ECM connector. Otherwise, moisture and debris will enter the connector.
If you choose to permanently install the harness, fasten the harness to the existing engine wiring
harness with cable ties. Also, install a 3E-3364 Receptacle and two 8T-8737 Seal Plugs on the 2-
pin connector in order to prevent moisture and debris from entering the connector.
8. Return the engine to service.
STOP
Not OK - The timing calibration was unsuccessful.
Repair: The following conditions can cause the timing calibration to fail:
If the crankshaft and camshaft gears have been reassembled incorrectly, the timing will not
calibrate.
Verify that the timing calibration probe is installed correctly.
Verify that the engine speed is correct and that the engine speed is stable. If the engine speed is
unstable, refer to troubleshooting without a diagnostic code Troubleshooting, "Engine Misfires,
Runs Rough or Is Unstable".
There may be a problem with the transducer or with the cables. Obtain a new transducer and/or a
new cable and repeat the timing calibration.
STOP

Copyright 1993 - 2007 Caterpillar Inc.
Fri Apr 27 12:04:18 EST 2007
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