Naveen Patel

Naveen Patel
Issues in Single area OSPF
As the size of the network increases there will be large number of
LSAs flooded in the network, which is a overhead to the
Routers.
The routing table will become extremely large.
Naveen Patel
Advantage of Multiple-Area
Extensive control of routing updates.
Defining areas reduce routing overhead.
Speedup convergence.
Confines network instability to one area.
Improves performance.

Naveen Patel
OSPF - Network Diagram
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24
E0
192.168.1.1/24
E0
192.168.2.1/24
E0
192.168.3.1/24
10.0.0.1/8
S0
S1
10.0.0.2/8
11.0.0.1/8
S0
S1
11.0.0.2/8
Area 0
Area 1 Area 2
HYD
CHE BAN
Naveen Patel
Naveen Patel
exit Hyderabad(config-if)#
Hyderabad(config)#
telnet 192.168.1.1
================================
Welcome to Hyderabad Router
================================
User Access Verification
password :
****
****
enable
configure terminal
interface serial 0
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
no shut
clockrate 64000
encapsulation hdlc
Hyderabad>
password :
Hyderabad#
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Hyderabad(config)#
Hyderabad(config-if)#
Hyderabad(config-if)#
Hyderabad(config-if)#
Hyderabad(config-if)#
Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195]
(C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp.
C:\>
Connecting .....
Directly Connected Networks on
HYDERABAD Router
192.168.1.0
10.0.0.0
Naveen Patel
Hyderabad(config)#
router ospf 1
Hyderabad(config-router)#
Hyderabad(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Hyderabad(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
no ip routing Hyderabad(config)#
Hyderabad(config)#
ip routing
Configuring OSPF
Router(config)# router ospf <pid>
Router(config-router)# network <Network ID>
<wildcard mask> area <area id>
Naveen Patel
show ip route Hyderabad#
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0
O IA 11.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:03, Serial0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
O IA 192.168.2.0/24 [110/74] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:03, Serial0
O IA 192.168.3.0/24 [110/138] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:13, Serial0
Hyderabad#

^
Z
O IA for OSPF
Inter Area routes
110 is nothing but
Administrative Distance
Metric of OSPF
Cost
Hyderabad(config)#
router ospf 1
Hyderabad(config-router)#
Hyderabad(config-router)# network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Hyderabad(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
no ip routing Hyderabad(config)#
Hyderabad(config)#
ip routing
Naveen Patel
show ip ospf database Hyderabad#

OSPF Router with ID (192.168.1.1) (Process ID 1)


Router Link States (Area 1)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 272 0x80000003 0xA163 3
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 273 0x80000002 0xBACC 2

Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
11.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 273 0x80000001 0xDA15
192.168.2.0 192.168.2.1 273 0x80000001 0x8441
192.168.3.0 192.168.2.1 208 0x80000001 0xFB88
Hyderabad# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address
192.168.2.1 1 FULL/ - 00:00:32 10.0.0.2
Hyderabad#
Naveen Patel
Chennai(config-if)#
Chennai(config-if)#
================================
Welcome to Chennai Router
================================
User Access Verification
password :
****
****
enable
configure terminal
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
no shut
encapsulation hdlc
interface serial 0
Chennai>
password :
Chennai#
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Chennai(config)#
Chennai(config-if)#
Chennai(config-if)#
Chennai(config-if)#
Chennai(config-if)#
Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195]
(C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp.
C:\>
Connecting .....
Chennai(config-if)#
telnet 192.168.2.1
interface serial 1
ip address 11.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
no shut
encapsulation hdlc
Directly Connected Networks on
CHENNAI Router
192.168.2.0
10.0.0.0
11.0.0.0
Naveen Patel
Chennai(config)#
router ospf 2
Chennai(config-router)#
Chennai(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Chennai(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
no ip routing Chennai(config)#
Chennai(config)#
ip routing
network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 2
Chennai(config-router)#
Configuring OSPF
Router(config)# router ospf <pid>
Router(config-router)# network <Network ID>
<wildcard mask> area <area id>
Naveen Patel
show ip route Chennai#
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1
C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial0
O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/74] via 10.0.0.1, 00:01:04, Serial1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/74] via 11.0.0.2, 00:00:09, Serial0
Chennai#

^
Z
O for OSPF routes
110 is nothing but
Administrative Distance
Metric of OSPF
Cost
Chennai(config)#
router ospf 2
Chennai(config-router)#
Chennai(config-router)# network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Chennai(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 1
no ip routing Chennai(config)#
Chennai(config)#
ip routing
network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 2
Chennai(config-router)#
Naveen Patel
show ip ospf database Chennai#

OSPF Router with ID (192.168.2.1) (Process ID 2)


Router Link States (Area 0)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 472 0x80000002 0xEFC7 1

Summary Net Link States (Area 0)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 462 0x80000001 0xE709
11.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 472 0x80000001 0xDA15
192.168.1.0 192.168.2.1 452 0x80000001 0x1274
192.168.3.0 192.168.2.1 396 0x80000001 0xFB88

Router Link States (Area 1)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.1 463 0x80000003 0xA163 3
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 462 0x80000002 0xBACC 2
--More-
Naveen Patel
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
11.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 462 0x80000001 0xDA15
192.168.2.0 192.168.2.1 465 0x80000001 0x8441
192.168.3.0 192.168.2.1 400 0x80000001 0xFB88

Router Link States (Area 2)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 415 0x80000003 0xDAA8 2
192.168.3.1 192.168.3.150 416 0x80000003 0xD328 3

Summary Net Link States (Area 2)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 465 0x80000001 0xE709
192.168.1.0 192.168.2.1 455 0x80000001 0x1274
192.168.2.0 192.168.2.1 475 0x80000001 0x8441
Chennai# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address
192.168.3.1 1 FULL/ - 00:00:35 11.0.0.2
192.168.1.1 1 FULL/ - 00:00:32 10.0.0.1
Chennai#
Naveen Patel
exit Banglore(config-if)#
Banglore(config)#
================================
Welcome to Banglore Router
================================
User Access Verification
password :
****
****
enable
configure terminal
ip address 11.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
no shut
clockrate 64000
encapsulation hdlc
Banglore>
password :
Banglore#
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Banglore(config)#
Banglore(config-if)#
Banglore(config-if)#
Banglore(config-if)#
Banglore(config-if)#
Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195]
(C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp.
C:\>
Connecting .....
telnet 192.168.3.1
interface serial 1
Directly Connected Networks on
Banglore Router
192.168.3.0
11.0.0.0
Naveen Patel
Banglore(config)#
router ospf 1
Banglore(config-router)#
Banglore(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
Banglore(config-router)#
no ip routing Banglore(config)#
Banglore(config)#
ip routing
network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 2
Configuring OSPF
Router(config)# router ospf <pid>
Router(config-router)# network <Network ID>
<wildcard mask> area <area id>
Naveen Patel
show ip route Banglore#
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i- IS-IS, L1-IS-IS level-1, L2-IS-IS level-2,*- candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is not set

O IA 10.0.0.0/8 [110/128] via 11.0.0.1, 00:02:26, Serial1
C 11.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial1
O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/138] via 11.0.0.1, 00:02:26, Serial1
O IA 192.168.2.0/24 [110/74] via 11.0.0.1, 00:02:26, Serial1
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
Banglore#

^
Z
O IA for OSPF
Inter Area routes
110 is nothing but
Administrative Distance
Metric of OSPF
Cost
Banglore(config)#
router ospf 1
Banglore(config-router)#
Banglore(config-router)# network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
Banglore(config-router)#
no ip routing Banglore(config)#
Banglore(config)#
ip routing
network 11.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 2
Naveen Patel
show ip ospf database Banglore#

OSPF Router with ID (192.168.3.150) (Process ID 1)


Router Link States (Area 2)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link
192.168.2.1 192.168.2.1 935 0x80000003 0xDAA8 2
192.168.3.1 192.168.3.1 934 0x80000003 0xD328 3

Summary Net Link States (Area 2)

Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
10.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 985 0x80000001 0xE709
192.168.1.0 192.168.2.1 975 0x80000001 0x1274
192.168.2.0 192.168.2.1 995 0x80000001 0x8441
Banglore# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address
192.168.2.1 1 FULL/ - 00:00:36 11.0.0.1
Banglore#
Naveen Patel
ping 192.168.3.10 Hyderabad#
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Hyderabad#
!!!!!
ping 192.168.2.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Hyderabad#
!!!!!
Naveen Patel
ping 192.168.1.10 Chennai#
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Chennai#
!!!!!
ping 192.168.3.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Chennai#
!!!!!
Naveen Patel
ping 192.168.1.10 Banglore#
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Banglore#
!!!!!
ping 192.168.2.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/43/44 ms
Banglore#
!!!!!