Medieval Era

Gothic Armour
1200-1450
1
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.1 Body Armour
2
The Gothic era saw the most development and is seen as the epitome of armour
Plate armour became the popular form of armour and chain mail was slowly done
away with until the height of knights in full plated armour
Plate armour for the body (McDonald, 2012: online)
Brigandine is a cloth doublet worn over mail
The Cuirass formed the upper body armour and was either plainly designed or bore
engraved scenes of battle
Plackard and Faulds refers to additional pieces of plate armour to protect the belly and
waist/hips respectively
A Caulet is a plate armour piece attached to the back plate to protect the bum and lower
back
3
Figure 6.2.1.1 Upper Body Armour. [online image] available from:
http://www.brianbero.com/german_gothic_md.jpg [accessed 10 April 2014]
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.1 Body Armour
4
Plate armour for the Arms (McDonald, 2012: online)
Cowter: elbow joint
Spaulder: Shoulder and upper arm (when worn with a cuirass, the gap between the cuirass
arm opening and the Spaulder is exposed) this was later fixed and developed and known as
a Pauldron
Gardbrace: worn on top of the Pauldron to protect front of the shoulder
Besagew: Covered the armpit
Vambrace: forearm protection
Gauntlet: Metal gloves that protected the hands and wrists

5
Figure 6.2.1.2 Plated Armour for the Arms. [online image] Available from:
http://armstreet.com/catalogue/full/medieval-western-knights-armor-kit-the-kings-guard-
23.jpg [accessed 10 April 2014]
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.1 Body Armour
6
Plate armour for the legs (McDonald, 2012: online)
Chausses: mail leggings
Poleyn: Plate armour for the knee
Schynbald: protection for the shin, earlier development before fully plated armour
developed
Greaves and Cuisse: covered lower leg and thigh respectively
Sabaton/ Solleret: plate or mail armour for the foot
7
Figure 6.2.1.3 Plated Armour for the Legs. [online image] Available from:
http://armstreet.com/catalogue/full/full-paladin-leg-armour-with-greaves-etched-
stainless.jpg [accessed 10 April 2014]
8
Figure 6.2.1.4 Full plated armour and labels. [online image] Available from:
http://www.medievalwarfare.info/photos/parts.gif [accessed 10 April 2014-]
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.2 Helmets
9
(McDonald, 2012: online)
Pot helm/ Great helm/ Heaume
Fully covered the head, with a flat top
Slits were cut in front of the eyes to allow the knight to see, and breathing holes
incorporated
Bascinet
Conical in shape with a hinged visor that could be removed
Visor was also conical and gave the impression of a beak, this extended piece in front of the
face protected the knights face in case of impact on the helmet
Neck was protected by a Gorget (a piece of plate armour) or Aventail (chain mail neck
guard)

10
Figure 6.2.2.1 Pot Helm. [online image] Available from:
http://www.wulflund.com/image-service.php?id=4768&lang=en&img=img.jpg [accessed
11 April 2014]
11
Figure 6.2.2.2 Bascinet Helmet. [online image] Available from:
http://casiberia.com/img/prod/ab0423_1.jpg [accessed 11 April 2014]
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.2 Helmets
12
(McDonald, 2012: online)
Sallet
Round helmet that covers the entire head and eyes with a slit cut out for vision
Worn with a Gorget- a piece of plate armour that sat on the shoulders of the knight and
extended to protect the jaw
Closed helm
Round helmet covering the entire face, neck and shoulders
Visor is hinged at each sides and opens outwardly
Above are the iconic helmets, however the development of the helmet in the
gothic period was extensive and hence there are many variations on the helmet
design as the Gothic period progressed
13
Figure 6.2.2.3 Sallet. [online image] Available from: http://www.medieval-
weaponry.co.uk/acatalog/AB2731-1000.jpg [accessed 10 April 2014]
14
Figure 6.2.2.4 Closed Helm. [online image] Available from:
http://www.a2armory.com/images/med-helmets/white-knight-helmet.jpg [accessed 11
April 2014]
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.3 Shields
15
Refer to: 6.1.3 Medieval: Romanesque
6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.4 Weapons
16
Weapons were developed extensively during the Gothic era, many variations on
weapons were designed and this era shows the most extensive variety of weaponry
(McDonald, 2012: online)
Swords, also known as Falchion and Daggers
Clubs and maces, often made of metal with spikes protruding in all directions
Flails: a wooded shaft with a chain attached to a spiked metal ball
Pole arms: a long spear like pole with sharp metal weapons of different design in place of a
spear head
Lances, battle axes and war hammers
Crossbows: a tension based bow wound up and fired with a trigger
In addition to forged weapons, farming and blacksmith equipment were commonly
used as weapons

6.2 Medieval: Gothic 1200-1450
6.2.4 Weapons
17
First invention and introduction of Guns (McDonald, 2012: online)
Hand Cannon: a barrel that shoots metal balls/ stones/ spikes
Arquebus: an early firearm
Catapults and battering rams were also widely used and the design and functioning
continued to develop its technologies to become quite sophisticated
Petards were small bombs used to diminish city gates (McDonald, 2012: online]
Cannons/ Bombards were development with the introduction of gun powder
18
Figure 6.2.4.1 A Crossbow. [online image] Available from;
http://www.artfinding.com/images/lot/_240/peter_finer_gothic_south_german_crossbow_
12294168443492.jpg [accessed 11 April 2014]
19
Figure 6.2.4.2 Typical Gothic Era Weapons. [online image] Available from:
http://jsfiles.bnetwork.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/designious-
vector-medieval-weapons-1-large.jpg [accessed 11 April 2014]
Renaissance Armour
1480-1600
20
7. Renaissance: 1480-1600
7.1 Body Armour
21
Not only was body armour used in battle, but during the Medieval and renaissance
periods tournaments and parades and became popular and required armour
(Breiding, 2002: online]
Plate armour and chainmail for horses was popular during this period (Breiding,
2002: online)
Full bodied plate armour remained fashionable and the designs and styles became
more elaborate.


22
Figure 7.1.1 Renaissance Body Armour. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Dresden-Zwinger-Armoury-
Armor.JPG [accessed 12 April 2014]
23
Figure 7.1.2 Typical Renaissance Amour. [online image] Available from:
http://world4.eu/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Middle-Ages-Costume-Knight-002.jpg
[accessed 12 April 2014]
7. Renaissance: 1480-1600
7.2 Helmets
24
Helmets were predominantly the same as during the Medieval late Gothic era
The designs became more detailed, expensive and elaborate and the styles shifted
but generally remained covering the full face, with the use of a visor
25
Figure 7.2.1 Henry VIII Helmet during the 16
th
Century. [online image] Available from:
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WW-
u9kn_yi8/T9tpA3QJ8zI/AAAAAAAAAmA/TQmsr1c10fo/s1600/HAotIR_60_a_b.jpg
[accessed 12 April 2014]
26
Figure 7.2.2 Renaissance Typical Soldiers Helmet. [online image] Available from:
http://www.museum-joanneum.at/upload/file/Feldkuerisz10.jpg [accessed 12 April 2014]
7. Renaissance: 1480-1600
7.3 Shields
27
(Kelly, Brown, et al, 2003:Online)
As the development of armour reached its peak with full plated armour shields
became less necessary in battle
The Pavise, a rectangular large shield was still used by archers
The Rotella/ Rodella/ Target shield refers to a round shield of the Renaissance in
various regions
Bucklers from the Medieval period were still popular in civilian life , such as in
jousting and tourneys, due to its smallness and light weight

28
Figure 7.3.1 Renaissance Painted Pavise. [online image] Available from: http://media-
cache-ec0.pinimg.com/736x/f1/fd/1d/f1fd1d45bc2d31534cf2356060e28d8a.jpg [accessed
12 April 2014]
7. Renaissance: 1480-1600
7.4 Weapons
29
The use of early guns and gunpowder grew in popularity and its development during
this era was significant (Study Mode, 2013: online)
A Wheelock was invented during this period which improved the functioning and handling
of the guns (Lambert, 2012: online)
Most soldiers carried pistols which replaced the heavy lances which were popular in
the Gothic era
Because of the time it took to load and prepare the guns for firing, crossbows and
Pikes/spears were still used (Lambert, 2012: online)
Cannons with solid metal cannon balls were used in marine warfare to break enemy
ships, on land however cannons shot containers filled with sharp metal and stones
(Lambert, 2012: online)
The use of a mace was also extensive as well as sword
30
Figure 7.4.116
th
Century Cannon [online image] Avaiable from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Early_16th_century_Ottoma
n_volley_gun.jpg/220px-Early_16th_century_Ottoman_volley_gun.jpg [accessed 12
April 2014]
31
Figure 7.4.2 16
th
Century Wheelock Pistol [online image] Avalable from:
http://media.liveauctiongroup.net/i/8347/9751985_2.jpg?v=8CD1F0AA1C95BD0
[acessed 12 April 2014]
32
Figure 7.4.3 Renaissance Mace. [online image] Available from:
http://farm6.staticflickr.com/5450/7175684504_853d2e71c7_o.jpg [accessed 12 April
2014]
Elizabethan Armour
1560-1620
33
8. Elizabethan: 1560-1620
8.1 Body Armour
34
The Elizabethan era is the most popularly portrayed era of Knights and the code of
Chivalry associated with Knighthood
Typical Elizabethan armour consisted of the following (Alchin, 2012; online)
Linen under garments and wool stockings
Sabaton: Foot plated armour
Aketon: Armored doublet
Chainmail covering the arms
Rerebrace and Vambrace for the lower and upper arms
Leg protection same as Medieval and Renaissance
Breast and back plates, and hand armour
A surcoat with the knights coat of arms was worn aver the armour
Besagues: small round pieces protecting the armpits
35
Figure 8.1.1 Typical Elizabethan knight. [online image] Available from:
http://www2.springfield.k12.il.us/schools/springfield/eliz/images/LATERALZAK%201
[accessed 12 April 2014]
36
Figure 8.1.2 Knight on a Horse During a Tourney. [online image] Available from:
http://www.amazingpartythemes.com/photos/knights%20in%20battle.jpg [accessed 12
April 2014]
8. Elizabethan: 1560-1620
8.2 Helmets
37
Most popularly used was the Burgonet,
Round helmet
Peaked piece extending from the front of the head which connects to the visor
A thin metal crest/comb running across the head
Cheeks and neck was protected
The design was ornate and elaborate
8. Elizabethan: 1560-1620
8.3 Shields
38
Small round shields, or Bucklers with a metal spike in the centre was commonly
used both as a weapon and to deflect blows from a sword
The use of shields slowly started to diminish with the increased use and
development of the firearms
Shields depicted the coat of arms and sigils
The overall look of the knight continued to evolve in elaborateness
39
Figure 8.3.1 Elizabethan Sheils and Coat of Arms Relief. [online image] Available
from: http://sydney.edu.au/senate/images/arms/MH_MacLaurin_arms.JPG [accessed
13 April 2014]
8. Elizabethan: 1560-1620
8.4 Weapons
40
(Alchin, 2012: online)
Rapier: an elegant sword
Some weapons from the Medieval period were still in use, such as the mace, battle
axe, lance and daggers/ Basilard
Arbalests: Crossbows
In the early Elizabethan period all crossbows were replaced by muskets
Firearms saw much development and improvement, such as the Matchlock and
Flintlock
Cannons played a large role in warfare

41
Figure 8.4.1 Firearms became more extensively used. [online image] Available from:
http://www.gunsandammo.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/2/files/garry-james-10-favorite-
military-longarms/matchlock.jpg [accessed 13 April 2-14]
42
Figure 8.4.2 Elizabethan Rapier. [online image] Available from:
http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/weapons/images/joomgallery/originals/europe_4/arms_and_arm
our_-_europe_20101126_2093234143.jpg [accessed 13 April 2014]
43
Figure 8.4.3 Matchlock Musket 1600. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Matchlock_musket,_probably_Ger
many,_c._1600_-_Higgins_Armory_Museum_-_DSC05619.JPG [accessed 13 April
2014]
Baroque Armour
1620-1700
44
9. Baroque: 1620-1700
9.1 Body Armour & Helmets
45
The 17
th
Century saw a rapid decline in plate armour to favor more mobility in military
clothing as a result of the increased use of guns which limited the amount of hand to hand
combat
Commonly found soldiers in the 17
th
century were known as Harquebusiers named for
their firearms they carried (Royal Armories, n.d: online)
Lightly armored with a back and breast plate over a thick leather Buffcoat
A Three barred Pot/ Lobster tail pot helmet was most common, especially by Harquebusiers This
type of helmet covered the cheeks, ears and neck with a round shape
Full plated armour was worn during parades rather than during battle
Thick leather boots, military cassocks and sashes were common soldier dress
The Cuirass was still used however there was a favoring to less armour on the battlefield
Also popular was a plumes hat which soldiers fought in

46
Figure 9.1.1 Lobster Tailed Pot Helmet. [online image] Avavilable from:
http://media.vam.ac.uk/media/thira/collection_images/2006AM/2006AM5169.jpg [accessed 13 April
2014]
47
Figure 9.1.2 Harquebusiers Armour Variations. [online image] Available from:
http://farm3.staticflickr.com/2778/4209652163_4fe24f34d4_o.jpg [accessed 13
April 2014]
48
Figure 9.1.3 17
th
Century Soldier for the Queen. [online image] Available from:
http://www.soldiersofthequeen.com/images/ItalianCavalier2.jpg [accessed 13 April 2014]
9. Baroque: 1620-1700
9.2 Weapons
49
Matchlock Musket
Long war swords worn on a baldric on the hip
Pikes: Long spear like weapons, Pike men defended soldiers in hand to hand combat
while they were reloading their guns
Blunderbusses: a type of gun favored by seamen

50
Figure 9.2.1 17
th
Century Pikeman. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/17th_century_European_pike
man.gif [accessed 13 April 2014]
51
Figure 9.2.2 Baroque Blunderbuss. [online image] Available from:
http://th02.deviantart.net/fs70/PRE/f/2010/204/c/7/Blunderbuss_Shotgun_by_a1futu
re.jpg [Accessed 13 April 2014]
Rococo Armour
1700-1790
52
10. Rococo: 1700-1790
10.1 Uniforms
53
After the 17
th
century body armour was almost completely abandoned due to the
rapid development of firearms
Typical soldier dress was based more on fashion and style rather than comfort and
practicality/protection. It included (Chaztuck, 2012: online)
Breeches
High leather boots and gaiters
Three sided hat, often with plumes
Waistcoats and coats/jackets
The design of the uniforms varied according to the rank and regiment of the soldiers
(Chaztuck, 2012: online)
54
Figure 10.1.1 Typical 18
th
Century Soldiers in the Rococo Period. [online image]
Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/British_old_infantry_uniform
s.jpg [accessed 13 April 2014]
55
Figure 10.1.2 18
th
Century Battle Depiction. [online] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Battle_of_bunker_hill_by_per
cy_moran.jpg [accessed 13 April 2014]
10. Rococo: 1700-1790
10.2 Weapons
56
Breech loading magazine fed rifles: made kneeling to reload unnecessary (Stofft,
1992: online)
(Military Factory, 2012:online)
Blunderbuss: similar to a shotgun, best at close range shooting, small and easy to carry
Brown Bess: a Popular large Musket with a percussion cap firing system
Small swords were also carried but started to decline in popularity in favour of
firearms


57
Figure 10.2.1 18
th
18
th
Century Blunderbuss. [online image] Available from:
http://www.baytree-interiors.co.uk/_assets/img/site/products/giant/G1219L.jpg
[accessed 13 April 2014]
58
Figure 10.2.2 Brown Bess 1743. [online image] Available from:
http://media.liveauctiongroup.net/i/10975/11407157_1.jpg?v=8CE7EDEB5DFC840
[accessed 13 April 2014]
French Revolution Armour
1789-1815
59
11. French Revolution: 1798-1815
1.1 Uniforms
60
During the French Revolution the peasants fought against the ruling bourgeoisie and
hence the uniforms or physical appearance suing this time with regard to clothing is
both peasantry clothing or military uniforms
Served to identify political standing(Melzer & Norberk, 1998: 225-230)
Cockade: A rosette worn in significant colors portraying political standing
Sans Culottes: the lower class revolutionaries, named for their lack of uniform
worn by the Aristocrats (Wikipedia Sans Culottes, 2014: online)
Typical dress for soldiers is indicated in the figures below
61
Figure 11.1.1 Typical French Soldier during the Revolution. [online image] Available
from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Fusilier_R%C3%A9volution_fran
%C3%A7aise.jpg [accessed 14 April 2014]
62
Figure 11.1.1 Famour Painting of the People of the French Revolution. [online
image] Available from: http://www.col-lezay-marnesia-strasbourg.ac-
strasbourg.fr/files/Figures/delacroix.jpg [accessed 14 April 2014]
11. French Revolution: 1798-1815
1.2 Weapons
63
Infantry (Moore, 1999: online)
Musket: Mainly used by foot soldiers
Rifles: Improved accuracy from the Musket
Bayonet: A sharp dagger attached to the end of a long firearm
Swords
9ft Pikes
Calvary (Moore, 1999: online)
Lances
Saber: a curved blade sword
Revolutionaries used any weapons available to them, including swords, daggers and
pistols
64
Figure 11.2.1 Bayonet of the French Revolution. [online image] Available from:
http://i209.photobucket.com/albums/bb49/pdguru/The%20PdGuru%20Total%20War%20
Gallery/Napoleon%20Total%20War/Muster2.jpg [accessed 14 April 2014]
65
Figure 11.2.2 Bayonet of the French Revolution. [online image] Available from:
https://www.collegehillarsenal.com/shop/images/P/EWB-1438-Product.jpg [accessed 14
April 2014]
Victorian Armour
1840-1890
66
12. Victorian: 1840-1890
12.1 Uniforms
67
Uniforms for military men became standard and most countries had distinguishable
uniforms, with variations for each rank in order to identify the soldiers
No protective wear was used due to the extensive use of firearms and little or no
hand to hand combat situations
Ornamentation of the uniforms reached its peak in the 19
th
century, where the look,
style and design were of great importance, especially with high ranking officers and
commanders
In the figures below are examples of various 19
th
Century Victorian military dress

68
Figure 12.1.1 British Army Uniforms of the 19
th
Century. [online image] Available from:
http://mistercrew.com/files/2011/09/british_uniforms_03.jpg [accessed 15 April 2014]
69
Figure 12.1.2 High Ranking American Officer Military Uniform. [online image]
Available from: http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-
aTWLMC8IdhI/UJqXNmzV7JI/AAAAAAAACSQ/cjCqEJyKD_E/s1600/1898+Admiral
+Sampson.jpg [accessed 15 April 2014]
70
Figure 12.1.3 Late 19
th
Century German Navy Uniforms. [online image] Available from:
http://s3.amazonaws.com/magnoliasoft.imageweb/bridgeman/supersize/cht397997.jpg
[accessed 15 April 2014]
71
Figure 12.1.4 19
th
Century French Military Uniforms. [ online image] Available from:
http://i.dawn.com/primary/2013/10/5264e3dbbd8ba.jpg [accessed 15 April 2014]
12. Victorian: 1820-1840
12. Weapons
72
Pistols: (Saunders, 2011: online)
Derringer: hand sized, accurate
Flintlock: popular, fires either single or double shot, replaced the Musket
Pepperbox: Revolver with multiple barrels
Colt Peacemaker: 6 shot revolver (fairly modern for the era)
Rifles: (Saunders, 2011: online)
Blunderbuss: very common at the time, muzzle loaded
Spencer Repeating Rifle: fired round not shots (Fairly modern for the era)
Double Barreled Shotgun: (fairly modern for the era)
Mitrailleuse: an early machine gun
Cannons were still popular on ships
Weaponry started to develop quickly after the industrial revolution
73
Figure 12.2.1 19
th
century Pepperbox Gun. [online image] Available from:
http://media.liveauctiongroup.net/i/16520/16268906_4.jpg?v=8D02508A6369140
[accessed 15 April 2014]
74
Figure 12.2.2 19
th
Century Derringer [online image] Available from:
http://www.andrewbottomley.com/ekmps/shops/andrewbottomley/images/xxxx-sold-
xxxx-19th-century-remington-double-barrelled-.41-rimfire-derringer-over-under-pistol.-
ref-7069.-457-p.jpg [accessed 15 April 2014]
75
Figure 12.2.3 19
th
Century Spencer Repeater Rifle. [online image] Available from;
http://npsgnmp.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/gett-43387-rifle.jpg [accessed 15 April
2014]
76
Figure 12.2.4 Colt Peacemaker Digital Recreation. [online image] Available from:
https://lh6.ggpht.com/SkAz9S2rmJ_ZDZwMtzcu5zpFZK39Qapt4DQ0rrwPnj2hkxPLgX
GteYhUYTmnQYLy_Mg=h900 [accessed 15 April 2014]
77
Figure 12.2.5 Double Barrel Shotgun. [ online image] Available from:
http://www.nadeausauction.com/auctiondata/1066/images/121_1.JPG [accessed 15 April
2014]
78
Figure 12.2.6 19
th
Century Milrailleuse. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Mitrailleuse_at_the_Milit%C3%A
4rhistorisches_Museum_der_Bundeswehr.jpg [accessed 15 April 2014]
Edwardian Armour
World War I
1914-1918
79
13.1 Edwardian: WWI, 1914-1918
13.1.1 Uniforms
80
British (Reed, 2002: online)
The first introduction of camouflaged uniform (green khaki) A service uniform consisted of a
tunic and long pants, a stiff cap was worn as well as thick leather boots with a steel toe cap
French (Reed, 2002: online)
Blue cap, red long pants and a period style coat was the uniform worn by the French
Americans (History of American Wars, 2012: online)
Khaki and olive were the predominant colors, bar the chevrons and rank indications on the sleeves
The uniforms had no protective qualities, but were made for endurance and
uniformity/identification
The Helmet made a come back in 1917 and its use quickly spread through all troops
The badges indicating rank and service badges were sewn onto the sleeves of the uniform

81
Figure 13.1.1.1 British WWI Uniform. [online image] Available from:
http://www.mdnvisuals.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/130929_river_or_time_23-
820x1024.jpg [accessed 17 April 2014]
82
Figure 13.1.1.2 WWI American Uniform. [online image] Available from:
http://scharch.org/Ray_Baer/Doc%20WWI%20Army-Navy%20Booklet.JPG [accessed
17 April 2014]
83
Figure 13.1.1.3 French WWI Uniform. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/French_soldier_early_uniform
_WWI.JPG [Accessed 17 April 2014]
84
Figure 13.1.1.4 German WWI Uniform. [online image] Available from:
http://www.manofactionfigures.com/sites/default/files/imagecache/product_full/sites/defa
ult/files/1914.png [accessed 17 April 2014]
13.1 Edwardian: WWI, 1914-1918
13.1.2 Weapons
85
(Duffy, 1009: online)
Bayonets were still widely used
Flamer throwers were introduced by the German army (although not a new concept by any
means)
Grenades, torpedoes, machine guns, pistols and rifles
Poisonous gasses made an introduction in warfare during this time
Tanks made an appearance due to the rapid technological developments in warfare and equipment
post industrial revolution
Military planes were first seen in 1915
Zeppelin: an aircraft carrying bombs
Submarines and ships
86
Figure 13.1.2.1 Grenades from WWI. [online image] Available from:
http://www.fototime.com/DE7FC83F5F078D2/orig.jpg [accessed 17 April 2014]
87
Figure 13.1.2.3 WWI Zeppelin Aircraft. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/British_Mark_V-star_Tank.jpg
[accessed 17 April 2014]
88
Figure 13.1.2.4 WWI Plane and Torpedo. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Sopwith_Cuckoo.jpg Accessed 17
April 2014]
Edwardian Armour
World War II
1939-1945
89
13.2 Edwardian: WWII, 1939-1945
13.2.1 Uniforms
90
Various types of uniforms were used for each country and most of which had
uniform variations for rank and troops, uniforms were in the form of durable but non
protective materials
Body armour made a come back in 1941 by the British in the form of a jacket with
plates of manganese steel in padded pockets to protect vital organs
Worn either over or under traditional uniforms
SN-42 was a form of body armour used by the Soviets during WWII
(Wikipedia: Bulletproof Vests, WWIII, 2-14; online)
91
Figure 13.2.1.1 Soldier wearing a SN-42 Body armour [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Flak_jacket_1942.jpg [accessed 17
April 2014]
92
Figure 13.2.12 WWII German Officer Uniform. [online image] Available from:
http://www.militaryimages.net/photopost/data/908/S4-UniformsOfWWII-003-
Germany-LieutenantJagdgeschwader26-IIIGruppe.jpg [accessed 17 April 2014]
93
Figure 13.2.1.3 American WWII Uniform. [online image] Availablef rom:
http://www.militaryimages.net/photopost/data/908/S4-UniformsOfWWII-066-America-
US-Marine-1stMarineDefenseBattalion.jpg [accessed 17 April 2014}
13.2 Edwardian: WWII, 1939-1945
13.2.2 Weapons
94
(Armed Forces Museum, 2012: online)
Military tanks improved speed, armour, and some were even designed to be amphibious for
example the WWII DUKW
Ship became less used as military aircraft technology advanced
Semi automatic rifles
Assault rifles
Bombing became more popular war strategies and the atomic bomb was first created
Much of what was used in WWI was improved on and carried forward to WWII as technology
kept improving and developing
95
Figure 13.2.2.1 DUKW Tank. [online image] Available from:
http://images.hemmings.com/wp-content/uploads//2012/10/DUKW_01_1500.jpg
[accessed 17 April 2014]
96
Figure 13.2.2.2 WWII Fighter Planes. [online image] Available from:
http://www.dudes411.com/planesME109.jpg [accessed 17 April 2014]
97
Figure 13.2.2.3 WWII Assault Rifle. [online image] Available from: http://7f707af5cce54c2d5f77-
e3b87bed69e5e75268a1a04297bb727a.r98.cf2.rackcdn.com/catalog/product/cache/1/image/0aa9d397
65634cd6ff9e5b085da19619/o/n/on2267__1.jpg [accessed 17 April 2014]
98
Figure 13.2.2.4 WWII Bomb. [online image] Available from:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Ww_ii_4000_pound_bomb.jpg
[accessed 17 April 2014]
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