Engineering Mechanics

2
ENGINEERING MECHANICS
YEAR 2012 TWO MARKS
Common DaIa !or Q.1 and 2
Jvo siccl iruss ncnocrs, unu C !C , cuch hu\ng cross sccionul urcu o
1OO nn
2
, urc suo|ccicu io u horzoniul orcc us shovn n gurc. ll ihc |onis
urc hngcu.
MCQ 2.1 I 1 kN ! , ihc nugniuuc o ihc \cricul rcucion orcc uc\clo|cu ui ihc |oni
! n kN s
() O.b8 (B) O.82
(C) 1.2b (D) 1.4b
MCQ 2.2 Jhc nunun orcc s kN ihui cun oc u||lcu ui C such ihui ihc uul sircss
n uny o ihc iruss ncnocrs DOlS NOJ ccccu 1OO Mlu s
() 8.11 (B) 11.15
(C) 14.14 (D) 22.8O
YEAR 2011 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.3 Jhc cocccni o rcsiiuion o u |crccily |lusic n|uci s
() O (B) 1
(C) 2 (D)
MCQ 2.4 sionc vih nuss o O.1 kg s cuiu|ulicu us shovn n ihc gurc. Jhc ioiul orcc
!
x
(n N) ccricu oy ihc ruoocr ounu us u uncion o usiuncc x (n m) s g\cn
oy ! x 8OO
x
2
. I ihc sionc s us|luccu oy O.1 n ron ihc unsircichcu |osion
( ) x O o ihc ruoocr ounu, ihc cncrgy siorcu n ihc ruoocr ounu s
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() O.O1 3 (B) O.1 3
(C) 1 3 (D) 1O 3
YEAR 2011 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.5 1 kg olock s rcsing on u surucc vih cocccni o rcion O.1. orcc o
O.8 N s u||lcu io ihc olock us shovn n ihc gurc. Jhc rcion orcc s
() O (B) O.8 N
(C) O.08 N (D) 1.2 N
YEAR 2009 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.6 olock vcghng 081 N s rcsing on u horzoniul surucc. Jhc cocccni o rcion
ocivccn ihc olock unu ihc horzoniul surucc s O.2. \cricul cuolc uiiuchcu
io ihc olock |ro\ucs |uriul su||ori us shovn. nun cun |ull horzoniully vih
u orcc o 1OO N. Vhui vll oc ihc icnson, (n N) n ihc cuolc ihc nun s |usi
uolc io no\c ihc olock io ihc rghi ?
() 11b.2 (B) 10b.O
(C) 481.O (D) 081.O
YEAR 2009 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.7 unorn rgu rou o nuss ` unu lcngih ! s hngcu ui onc cnu us shovn n ihc
uu|uccni gurc. orcc ! s u||lcu ui u usiuncc o / ! 2 8 ron ihc hngc so ihui
ihc rou svngs io ihc rghi. Jhc rcucion ui ihc hngc s
() ! (B) O
(C) / ! 8 (D) / ! 2 8
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YEAR 2008 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.8 sirughi rou lcngih ( ) ! I , hngcu ui onc cnu rccly cicnsolc ui ihc oihcr cnu,
roiuics ihrough un unglc ( ) I uooui ihc hngc. i inc I , ( ) 1 ! I n, ( ) 1 ! I
n/s, ( ) I
4
ruu unu ( ) 1 I
ruu/s. Jhc nugniuuc o ihc \clociy ui ihc oihcr

cnu o ihc rou s
() 1 n/s (B) 2 n/s
(C) 8 n/s (D) 2 n/s
YEAR 2008 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.9 crculur usk o ruuus ! rolls vihoui sl||ng ui u \clociy \. Jhc nugniuuc
o ihc \clociy ui |oni l (scc gurc) s
() \ 8 (B) /2 \ 8
(C) /2 \ (D) 2 / \ 8
MCQ 2.10 Consucr u iruss !(! louucu ui l vih u orcc ! us shovn n ihc gurc
Jhc icnson n ihc ncnocr (! s
() O.5 l (B) O.b8 l
(C) O.18 l (D) O.81 l
YEAR 2007 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.11 Durng nclusic collson o ivo |uriclcs, vhch onc o ihc ollovng s conscr\cu
?
() Joiul lncur noncniun only
(B) Joiul kncic cncrgy only
(C) Boih lncur noncniun unu kncic cncrgy
(D) Ncihcr lncur noncniun nor kncic cncrgy
YEAR 2007 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.12 olock o nuss ` s rclcuscu ron |oni l on u rough nclncu |lunc vih
nclnuion unglc , shovn n ihc gurc oclov. Jhc cocccni o rcion s
I iun , ihcn ihc inc iukcn oy ihc olock io rcuch unoihcr |oni on ihc
nclncu |lunc, vhcrc !( : , s
()
( ) cos iun
: 2
(B)
( ) cos iun
: 2
(C)
( ) sn iun
: 2
(D)
( ) sn iun
: 2
YEAR 2006 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.13 I u sysicn s n cqulorun unu ihc |osion o ihc sysicn uc|cnus u|on nuny
nuc|cnucni \uruolcs, ihc |rnc|lcs o \riuul vork siuics ihui ihc |uriul
ucr\ui\cs o is ioiul |oicniul cncrgy vih rcs|cci io cuch o ihc nuc|cnucni
\uruolc nusi oc
() 1.O (B) O
(C) 1.O (D)
MCQ 2.14 I |oni s n cqulorun unucr ihc ucion o ihc u||lcu orccs, ihc \ulucs o
icnsons
B
unu
C
urc rcs|cci\cly
() 52O N unu 8OO N (B) 8OO N unu 52O N
(C) 45O N unu 15O N (D) 15O N unu 45O N
YEAR 2005 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.15 Jhc inc \uruion o ihc |osion o u |uriclc n rccilncur noion s g\cn oy
2 2 x I I I
8 2
. I + s ihc \clociy unu a s ihc uccclcruion o ihc |uriclc n
conssicni unis, ihc noion siuricu vih
() O, O + a (B) O, 2 + a
(C) 2, O + a (D) 2, 2 + a
MCQ 2.16 sn|lc |cnuulun o lcngih o 5 n, vih u ooo o nuss 1 kg, s n sn|lc
hurnonc noion. s i |usscs ihrough is ncun |osion, ihc ooo hus u s|ccu o
5 n/s. Jhc nci orcc on ihc ooo ui ihc ncun |osion s
() zcro (B) 2.5 N
(C) 5 N (D) 25 N
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YEAR 2005 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.17 Jvo oooks o nuss 1 kg cuch urc kc|i on u iuolc, onc o\cr ihc oihcr. Jhc
cocccni o rcion on c\cry |ur o coniucing suruccs s O.8. Jhc lovcr oook s
|ullcu vih u horzoniul orcc !. Jhc nnnun \uluc o ! or vhch sl| occurs
ocivccn ihc ivo oooks s
() zcro (B) 1.Ob N
(C) 5.14 N (D) 8.88 N
MCQ 2.18 shcll s rcu ron u cunnon. i ihc nsiuni ihc shcll s |usi uooui io lcu\c ihc
ourrcl, is \clociy rclui\c io ihc ourrcl s 8 n/s, vhlc ihc ourrcl s svngng
u|vurus vih u consiuni ungulur \clociy o 2 ruu/s. Jhc nugniuuc o ihc
uosoluic \clociy o ihc shcll s
() 8 n/s (B) 4 n/s
(C) 5 n/s (D) 1 n/s
MCQ 2.19 n clc\uior (li) conssis o ihc clc\uior cugc unu u counicr vcghi, o nuss m
cuch. Jhc cugc unu ihc counicrvcghi urc connccicu oy chun ihui |usscs o\cr
u |ullcy. Jhc |ullcy s cou|lcu io u noior. Ii s ucsrcu ihui ihc clc\uior shoulu
hu\c u nunun sio||ng inc o I scconus ron u |cuk s|ccu +. I ihc ncrius
o ihc |ullcy unu ihc chun urc ncglccicu, ihc nnnun |ovcr ihui ihc noior
nusi hu\c s
() m\
2
1 2
(B)
I
m\
2
2
(C)
I
m\
2
(D)
I
m\ 2
2
MCQ 2.20 1 kg nuss o cluy, no\ng vih u \clociy o 1O n/s, sirkcs u siuionury
vhccl unu sicks io i. Jhc solu vhccl hus u nuss o 2O kg unu u ruuus o 1 n.
ssunng ihui ihc vhccl s sci nio |urc rollng noion, ihc ungulur \clociy o
ihc vhccl nncuuicly uicr ihc n|uci s u||ronuicly
() zcro (B)
8
1
ruu/s
(C)
8
1O
ruu/s (D)
8
1O
ruu/s
YEAR 2004 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.21 Jhc gurc shovs u |n|onicu |lunc iruss louucu ui ihc |oni M oy hungng u
nuss o 1OO kg. Jhc ncnocr lN o ihc iruss s suo|ccicu io u louu o
() O Ncvion (B) 40O Ncvions n con|rcsson
(C) 081 Ncvions n con|rcsson (D) 081 Ncvions n icnson
YEAR 2004 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.22 n c|ccior ncchunsn conssis o u hclcul con|rcsson s|rng hu\ng u s|rng
consiuni o 081 1O ! N/n
8
. Ii s |rccon|rcsscu oy 1OO nn ron is rcc

siuic. I i s uscu io c|cci u nuss o 1OO kg hclu on i, ihc nuss vll no\c u|
ihrough u usiuncc o
() 1OO nn (B) 5OO nn
(C) 581 nn (D) 1OOO nn
MCQ 2.23 rgu oouy shovn n ihc gurc (u) hus u nuss o 1O kg. Ii roiuics vih u unorn
ungulur \clociy ` `. ouluncng nuss o 2O kg s uiiuchcu us shovn n gurc (o).
Jhc |crccniugc ncrcusc n nuss noncni o ncriu us u rcsuli o ihs uuuion s
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() 25' (B) 5O'
(C) 1OO' (D) 2OO'
MCQ 2.24 Jhc gurc shovs u |ur o |n|onicu gr||criongs holung un oo|cci vcghing
2OOO N. Jhc cocccni o rcion ( ) ui ihc gr||ng surucc s O.1 XX s ihc lnc
o ucion o ihc n|ui orcc unu YY s ihc lnc o u||lcuion o gr||ng orcc. I
ihc |n|oni s ussuncu io oc rcionlcss, ihc nugniuuc o orcc ! rcqurcu io
holu ihc vcghi s
() 1OOO N (B) 2OOO N
(C) 25OO N (D) 5OOO N
YEAR 2003 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.25 iruss conssis o horzoniul ncnocrs (C,CD, DB unu ll) unu \cricul
ncnocrs (Cl unu Dl) hu\ng lcngih I cuch. Jhc ncnocrs l, Dl unu Bl urc
nclncu ui 45 io ihc horzoniul. lor ihc unornly usirouicu louu `` |cr uni
lcngih on ihc ncnocr ll o ihc iruss shovn n gurc g\cn oclov, ihc orcc n
ihc ncnocr CD s
()
I
2
(B) I
(C) O (D)
I
8
2
MCQ 2.26 oullci o nuss `m` iru\cls ui u \cry hgh \clociy + (us shovn n ihc gurc)
unu gcis cnocuucu nsuc ihc olock o nuss ``` niully ui rcsi on u rough
horzoniul loor. Jhc olock vih ihc oullci s sccn io no\c u usiuncc `: ` ulong
ihc loor. ssunng io oc ihc cocccni o kncic rcion ocivccn ihc olock
unu ihc loor unu ` ` ihc uccclcruion uuc io gru\iy vhui s ihc \clociy + o
ihc oullci ?
()
m
` m
: 2 (B)
m
` m
: 2
(C)
( )
m
` m
: 2 (D)
m
`
: 2
YEAR 2003 TWO MARKS
Common DaIa !or Q.DaIa Ior Q. 27 & 28 are given beow. Sove Ihe
probems and choose correcI answers.
rccl o nuss `m` unu ruuus o gyruion `! ` s rollng uovn snooihly ron
rcsi vih onc cnu o ihc ihrcuu vounu on i hclu n ihc cclng us uc|cuicu n
ihc gurc. Consucr ihc ihckncss o ihrcuu unu is nuss ncglgolc n con|ur
son vih ihc ruuus `: ` o ihc huo unu ihc rccl nuss `m`. Synool ` ` rc|rc
scnis ihc uccclcruion uuc io gru\iy.
MCQ 2.27 Jhc lncur uccclcruion o ihc rccl s
()
( ) : !
:
2 2
2
(B)
( ) : !
!
2 2
2
(C)
( ) : !
:!
2 2
(D)
( ) : !
m:
2 2
2
MCQ 2.28 Jhc icnson n ihc ihrcuu s
()
( ) : !
m:
2 2
2
(B)
( ) : !
m:!
2 2
(C)
( ) : !
m!
2 2
2
(D)
( ) : !
m
2 2
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YEAR 2001 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.29 |uriclc ! s |ro|ccicu ron ihc curih surucc ui luiiuuc 45 vih cscu|c
\clociy 11.10 / kn s + . Jhc \clociy urccion nukcs un unglc vih ihc locul
\cricul. Jhc |uriclc vll cscu|c ihc curih`s gru\iuionul clu
() only vhcn O (B) only vhcn 45
(C) only vhcn 0O (D) rrcs|cci\c o ihc \uluc o
MCQ 2.30 Jhc urcu noncni o ncriu o u squurc o szc 1 uni uooui is uugonul s
()
8
1
(B)
4
1
(C)
12
1
(D)
b
1
YEAR 2001 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.31 lor ihc louung on iruss shovn n ihc gurc, ihc orcc n ncnocr C! s
() zcro (B) 1 kN
(C) kN 2 (D)
2
kN
1
MCQ 2.32 Boucs 1 unu 2 shovn n ihc gurc hu\c cquul nuss m. ll suruccs urc snooih.
Jhc \uluc o orcc ! rcqurcu io |rc\cni slung o oouy 2 on oouy 1 s
() 2 ng ! (B) ng ! 2
(C) 2 ng ! 2 (D) ! m
MCQ 2.33 Muss ` slucs n u rcionlcss sloi n ihc horzoniul urccion unu ihc ooo o
nuss m s hngcu io nuss ` ui C, ihrough u rgu nusslcss rou. Jhs sysicn
s rclcuscu ron rcsi vih 8O. i ihc nsiuni vhcn O, ihc \clocics o
m unu ` cun oc ucicrnncu usng ihc uci ihui, or ihc sysicn (.c., m unu `
iogcihcr)
() ihc lncur noncniun n x unu , urccions urc conscr\cu oui ihc cncrgy s
noi conscr\cu.
(B) ihc lncur noncniun n x unu , urccions urc conscr\cu unu ihc cncrgy s
ulso conscr\cu.
(C) ihc lncur noncniun n x urccion s conscr\cu unu ihc cncrgy s ulso con
scr\cu.
(D) ihc lncur noncniun n , urccion s conscr\cu unu ihc cncrgy s ulso con
scr\cu.
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SOLUTION
SOL 2.1 O|ion () s corrcci.
lron uoo\c gurc. Jhrcc orccs urc ucing on u connon |oni. Hcncc oy lun`s
Jhcorcn.
( ) sn
!
1O5 sn sn

12O 185
2 1

sn
185
1
sn sn
!
1O5 1O5
1

1
O.182O kN
Hcncc \cricul rcucion ui !,
!
A1
cos 8O
1
. cos O 182O5 8O
O.b84 kN
SOL 2.2 O|ion (B) s corrcci.
lron lrc\ous qucsion
sn
!
1O5 sn
12O
2
2
.
sn
sn
! !
185
12O
O 80b5
unu
1
( . )! O 182O5
2

1
1OO Mlu (g\cn)
s vc knov !
1
!
nu

nu 1
2
1OO 1OO
. ! O 80b5 1OO 1OO
!
.
11154.5 N
O 80b5
1OO 1OO
11.15 kN
lron ihc Ncvion`s luv o collson o llusic ooucs.
\clociy o sc|uruion
\clociy o u||rouch
( ) \ \
2 1
( ) ! !
1 2
Vhcrc s u consiuni o |ro|orionuliy 8 i s cullcu ihc cocccni o rcsiiuion
unu is \uluc lcs ocivccn O io 1. Jhc cocccni o rcsiiuion o u |crccily
|lusic n|uci s zcro, occuusc ull ihc !.l. vll oc uosorocu uurng |crccily
|lusic n|uci.
C\cn . !
x
x 8OO
2
, losion o x s, x O io . x O 1
Jhc cncrgy siorcu n ihc ruoocr ounu s cquul io vork uonc oy ihc sionc.
Hcncc c! ! cx
x
Inicgruing ooih ihc sucs 8 |ui ihc \uluc o ! 8 lnis
c!
!
O
x cx 8OO
.
2
O
O 1
!
x
8OO
8
. 8
O
O 1

8OO
( . )
O.1 3oulc
8
O 1
8

C\cn . 1 kg m , . O 1, lron lBD . !
A
m
Nov siuic rcion orcc,
I
5
! m
A
O.1 1 0.8 O.08 N

||lcu orcc ! O.8 N s lcss ihcn, ihc siuic rcion O.08 N I
5
! I
5
So, vc cun suy ihui ihc rcion uc\clo|cu vll cquul io ihc u||lcu orcc
! O.8 N
SOL 2.6 O|ion (C) s corrcci.
C\cn . 081 N 1 , O.2
lrsi o ull vc hu\c io nukc u lBD o ihc olock
Hcrc, !
A
Nornul rcucion orcc
Jcnson n sirng
Usng ihc ouluncng o orccs, vc hu\c
O !
x
. !
A
1OO N
!
A
.
5OO N
1OO
O 2
1OO
unu O !
,
or uovnvuru orccs u|vuru orccs
1 !
A
1 !
A
081 5OO 48 N 1
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Vhcn rou svngs io ihc rghi, lncur uccclcruion a unu ungulur uccclcruion
concs n ucion. Ccnirc o gru\iy () ucing ui ihc nu|oni o ihc rou. lci !
oc ihc rcucion ui ihc hngc.
lncur uccclcruion a . :
!
2
!
a 2
...()
unu uooui |oni , or roiuionul noion
1

!
!
!
!
2 b

`!
!
a
12
2
2

lron cquuion ()
!
!
8
`a
8
a
`
!
`
! 8
...()
By cqulorun o orccs n nornul urccion io ihc rou
!
m
O . ! ! `a `
`
!
`
! 8

lron cquuion ()
! ! ! ! 8
! O So, rcucion ui ihc hngc s zcro.
SOL 2.8 O|ion (D) s corrcci.
lci . \
I
Jungcniul \clociy
\
:
lclui\c \clociy
\ lcsuliuni \clociy
lci rou o lcngih ( ) ! I ncrcuscs oy un unouni ( ) ! I .
C\cn ( ) ! I 1 n, ( ) ! I
1 n/scc, ( ) I
4
ruu, ( ) I
1 ruu/scc
Jnc iukcn oy ihc rou io iurn
4
ruu s,
I
( )
( )
iun
\clociy
us cc
I
I
/
1
4
4
scc
So, ncrcusc n lcngih o ihc rou uurng ihs inc vll oc
( ) ! I ( ) ! I I
4
1
4
ncicr
lou iurn
4
ruuun. So, ncrcuscu lcngih uicr
4
scc, (Ncv lcngih)
. 1
4
1 185

n
Nov, iungcniul \clociy,
\
I
. ! . . 1 185 1 1 185
n/scc ( ) I
luuul \clociy, \
:
( ) ! I
1 n/scc
Jhcrcorc, ihc rcsuliuni \clociy vll oc
\
!
\ \
I :
2 2
( . ) ( ) 2.O4 2 /scc n 1 185 1
2 2

Vhcn usc rollng ulong u sirughi |uih, vihoui sl||ng. Jhc ccnirc o ihc vhccl
O no\cs vih sonc lncur \clociy unu cuch |uriclc on ihc vhccl roiuics vih
sonc ungulur \clociy.
Jhus, ihc noion o uny |uriculur on ihc |cr|hcry o ihc vhccl s u cononuion
o lncur unu ungulur \clociy.
lci vhccl roiuics vih ungulur \clociy ruu/scc.
So,
!
\
....()
\clociy ui |oni ! s, \
!
!(
...()
lron irunglc O!( !( ( ) ( ) 2 ( ) cos O( O! O( O! !O(
2 2

( ) ( ) 2 12O cos ! ! !!
2 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ! ! !
2 2 2
! 8 ...()
lron cquuion (), () unu ()
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\
!
!
\
! 8
\ 8
Jhc orccs vhch urc ucing on ihc iruss !(! s shovn n gurc.
Vc uruv u |cr|cnuculur ron ihc |oni !, ihui nicrsccis (! ui |oni 5 .
lci !5 (5 a
!
(
8 !
!
urc ihc rcucions ucing ui |oni ( 8 ! rcs|cci\cly.
Nov ron ihc irunglc !!5
iun8O
5!
!5
5! 1.18
iun
!5 a
a a
8O
8
8
1
Jukng ihc noncni uooui |oni !,

( . ) ! a a 1 18
(
. ! a 1 18
!
(
.
.
.
.
.
l l
l
a
a
2 18
1 18
2 18
1 18
O b84
lron cqulorun o ihc orccs, vc hu\c
! !
! (
!
!
!
O.b84 l ! ! !
(
O.8bb l
Jo nu icnson n (! vc hu\c io usc ihc ncihou o |oni ui |oni (, unu ! O
,
sn ! 45
(!
!
(
!
(!
O.b84
O.80bb
l
l
2
1
unu, O !
x
cos ! 45
(!
!
(!
!
(!
O.80bb O.b84 O.b8 l l l
2
1

In ooih clusic 8 n nclusic collson ioiul lncur noncniun rcnuns con
scr\cu. In ihc nclusic collson loss n kncic cncrgy occurs occuusc ihc coc
ccni o rcsiiuion s lcss ihun onc unu loss n kncic cncrgy s g\cn oy ihc
rcluion,
. . ! !
( )
( ) ( )
m m
m m
u u
2
1
1 2
1 2
1 2
2 2
lrsi o ull vc rcsol\c ull ihc orcc vhch urc ucing on ihc olock.
C\cn . !( : vhcrc A Nornul rucion orcc
iun
Nov ron Ncvion`s scconu luv,
! ma
sn m A ma ccclcruion o olock a
sn cos m m ma cos A m
sn cos a
a cos
cos
sn

( ) cos iun ...()
lron ihc Ncvion,s scconu luv o Moion,
: uI aI
2
1 2
( ) cos iun I O
2
1 2
u O
I
( ) cos iun
: 2
I u sysicn o orccs ucing on u oouy or sysicn o ooucs oc n cqulorun unu
ihc sysicn hus io unucrgo u snull us|luccncni conssicni vih ihc gconcircul
conuions, ihcn ihc ulgcoruc sun o ihc \riuul vorks uonc oy ull ihc orccs
o ihc sysicn s zcro unu ioiul |oicniul cncrgy vih rcs|cci io cuch o ihc
nuc|cnucni \uruolc nusi oc cquul io zcro.
lrsi vc sol\c ihs |roolcn ron lun`s ihcorcn. Hcrc ihrcc orccs urc g\cn.
Nov vc hu\c io nu ihc unglc ocivccn ihcsc orccs
||lyng lun`s ihcorcn, vc hu\c
sn
!
0O sn sn

12O 15O
! C

1
bOO
/
/

8 2
1 2
! C
!
bOO 8OO 52O N
2
8
8
C
8OO N
2
bOO
join the community
AIernaIive :
Nov vc usng ihc lcsoluion o orccs.
lcsol\c ihc
!
8
C
n x 8 , urccion (horzoniul 8 \cricul con|oncnis)
Vc usc ihc lcsoluion o orccs n x 8 , urccion
O !
x
, cos bO
!
cos 8O
C

C
!
2
8
1
2
8
...()
O !
,
, sn sn bO 8O
! C
bOO N

2
8
2
1
! C
N bOO
8
! C
12OO N

8
C
!
lron cquuion ()
Nov,

8
8
!
!
12OO N
4
!
12OO 8
!
52O N
4
12OO 8
unu
C
8OO N
8 8
52O
!
C\cn , x I I I 2 2
8 2
Vc knov ihui,
+
cI
cx
( )
cI
c
I I I 2 2
8 2
I I b 2 2
2
...()
Vc hu\c io nu ihc \clociy 8 uccclcruion o |uriclc, vhcn noion siurcu, So
ui I O, + 2
gun ucrcniuic cquuion () v.r.i. I
a 12 2
cI
c+
cI
c x
I
2
2
i I O, a 2
Vc hu\c io nukc ihc uugrun o sn|lc |cnuulun
Hcrc, Vc cun scc cusly ron ihc gurc ihui icnson n ihc sirng s oulunccu oy
ihc vcghi o ihc ooo unu nci orcc ui ihc ncun |osion s ulvuys zcro.
C\cn . m m
1 2
1 kg, . O 8
Jhc lBD o ihc sysicn s shovn oclov .
lor Book (1) O !
,
!
A1
m ...()
Jhcn, lrcion lorcc !
A1
! m
A1
lron lBD o oook scconu,
O !
x
, ! ! !
A A 1 2
O !
,
, !
A2
2 ng ! m m m
A1
...()
lor sl| occurs ocivccn ihc oooks vhcn
! ! !
A A 1 2
2 ng m

! (8 ) ng . ( . ) O 8 8 1 0 8

. 8 82
Ii ncuns ihc \uluc o ! s ulvuys grcuicr or cquul io ihc 8.82, or vhch sl|
occurs ocivccn ivo oooks.
So, ! 8.88 N
C\cn . 2 /scc ruu , : 2 n
join the community
Jungcniul \clociy o ourrcl, \
I
: 2 2
4 /scc n
\ \
: I
8 4
lcsuliuni \clociy o shcll, ( ) ( ) 8 4
2 2
5 /scc n 25
C\cn . Muss o cugc 8 counicr vcghi m kg cuch
lcuk s|ccu \
Iniul \clociy o ooih ihc cugc unu counicr vcghi.
\
1
/scc n \
lnul \clociy o ooih oo|ccis
\
2
O
Iniul kncic lncrgy, !
1
m\ m\ m\
2
1
2
1 2 2 2
lnul kncic lncrgy !
2
( ) ( ) m m
2
1
O
2
1
O O
2 2
Nov, lovcr luic o chungc o !.l.
I
! !
1 2
I
m\
2
C\cn . m
1
1 kg, 1O /scc n \
1
, m
2
2O kg, \
2
\clociy uicr sirkng ihc
vhccl 1 : ncicr
||lyng ihc |rnc|ul o lncur noncniun on ihc sysicn
cI
c!
O ! consiuni
Iniul Moncniun lnul Moncniun
m \
1 1
( ) m m \
1 2 2
\
2
( ) m m
m \
1 2O
1 1O
21
1O
1 2
1 1
Nov uicr ihc collson ihc vhccl rollng vih ungulur \clociy .
So, \
2
: O.41b
:
\
21 1
1O
2
Ii s ncurly cquul io / 1 8.
lrsi o ull vc consucr ull ihc orccs, vhch urc ucing ui |oni !.
Nov sun ull ihc orccs vhch urc ucing ulong x urccion,
!
!!
!
!`
Boih urc ucing n o||osic urccion
lso sunnuion o ull ihc orccs, vhch urc ucing ulong ,urccion.
!
!A
O Only onc orccs ucing n ,urccion
So ihc ncnocr !A s suo|ccicu io zcro louu.
C\cn . 081 1O !
8
N/n, x 1OO
1
nnO.1 n, m 1OO kg
lci, vhcn nuss m 1OO kg s |ui on ihc s|rng ihcn s|rng con|rcsscu oy x
nn. lron ihc conscr\uion o cncrgy .
lncrgy siorcu n rcc siuic lncrgy siorcu uicr ihc nuss s uiiuch.
( . .) ! l
1
( . .) ( . .) ! l l l
I I
!x
2
1
1
2
( O.1) !x m x
2
1 2
!x
1
2
2 ( O.1) !x m x
2
Suosiiuic ihc \ulucs, vc gci
( . ) 081 1O O 1
8 2

(081 1O ) [2 1OO 0.81 ( O.1)} x x
8 2

1O 1O
8 2
( . ) x x 1O 2 O 1
8 2
1O . x x 1OOO 2 O 2
2
. x x 1OOO 2 0 8
2
O
Sol\ng uoo\c cquuion, vc gci
x
( ) ( . )
2 1OOO
2 2 4 1OOO 0 8
2

2OOO
2 4 802OO
2OOO
2 108
On iukng \c sgn, vc gci
x
2OOO
2 108
1O
1
, 1OO nn m
(\c sgn shovs ihc con|rcsson o ihc s|rng)
C\cn . lrsi Muss, m
1
1O kg
Buluncng Muss, m
2
kg 2O
Vc knov ihc nuss noncni o ncriu, 1 m!
2
Vhcrc, ! luuus o gyruion
Case (I) : Vhcn nuss o 1O kg s roiuics vih unorn ungulur \clociy ` `
1
1
m !
1 1
2
1O (O.2)
2
1O O.O4 O.4 kg n
2
O.2 n !
1
Case (II) : Vhcn ouluncng nuss o 2O kg s uiiuchcu ihcn noncni o ncriu
1
2
( . ) ( . ) 1O O 2 2O O 1
2 2

. . . O 4 O 2 O b Hcrc O.2 n !
1
unu O.1 n !
2
lcrccni ncrcusc n nuss noncni o ncriu,
1 1OO
.
. .
1OO
1
1 1
O 4
O b O 4
1
2 1

1OO 5O'
2
1

C\cn . Vcghi o oo|cci 1 2OOO N
Cocccni o lrcion O.1
lrsi o ull vc hu\c io nukc ihc lBD o ihc sysicn.
Hcrc, !
A
Nornul rcucion orcc ucing oy ihc |n |oni.
! !
A
lrcion orcc
join the community
In cqulorun conuion o ull ihc orccs vhch urc ucing n , urccion.
! !
A A
2OOO N
!
A
1OOO N
!
A
.
1OOOO N
O 1
1OOO
. O 1
Jukng ihc noncni uooui ihc |n, vc gci
1OOOO 15O
! 8OO
! 5OOO N
C\cn . C C! !! !! C! !! I
i ihc ncnocr !! unorn usirouicu louu s ucing, ihc U.D.l. s g\cn us `
` |cr uni lcngih.
So, ihc ioiul louu ucing on ihc clcncni !! o lcngih I
loru |cr uni lcngih
Joiul lcngih o clcncni

I I
Jhs orcc ucing ui ihc nu |oni o !!. lron ihc lBD vc gci ihui ui unu
! rcucions urc ucing occuusc o ihc rollcr su||oris, n ihc u|vuru urccion. In
cqulorun conuion,
U|vuru orcc Dovnvuru orccs
! !
a |
I ...()
nu iukc ihc noncni uooui |oni ,
I I
I
2

( ) ! I I I
|
I I
2
8
! I 8
|
!
|
I
2
Suosiiuic ihc \uluc o !
|
n cquuion (), vc gci
!
I
2
a
I
!
a
I
I I
2 2
!
I
2
|
i |oni vc usc ihc |rnc|ul o rcsoluion o orccs n ihc ,urccion,
! O
, . sn ! 45
!
!
I
2
a
!
!
sn
I I I
2 45
1
2
2
2

nu !
C
45 cos !
I I
2 2
1
2
!

i C, No cicrnul orcc s ucing. So,
!
C
I
!
2
C!
C\cn . Muss o oullci m
Muss o olock `
\clociy o oullci +
Cocccni o !ncnuic rcion
lci, \clociy o sysicn (Block oullci) uicr sirkng ihc oullci u
Vc hu\c io nukc ihc lBD o ihc oo uicr ihc oullci sirkcs,
lrcion lorcc (lciuruuion) !
:
||lyng |rnc|ul o conscr\uion o lncur noncniun,
cI
c!
O or ! m\ . iun cons i
So, m+ ( ) ` m u
u
` m
m+
...()
nu, ron ihc lBD ihc \cricul orcc (rcucion orcc),
!
A
( ) ` m
!
:
( ) ! ` m
A
lrcionul rciuruuion a
( )
( )
m `
!
` m
` m
:
...()
Ncgui\c sgn shov ihc rciuruuion o ihc sysicn (uccclcruion n o||osic
urccion). lron ihc Ncvion`s ihru luv o noion,
\
I
2
2 u a:
2
\
I
lnul \clociy o sysicn (olock oullci) O
2 u a:
2
O
u
2
a: 2 ( ) : 2

: 2 lron cquuion ()
Suosiiuic ihc \uluc o u ron cquuion (), vc gci
` m
m+
2

: 2
( ) ` m
m +
2
2 2
: 2
+
2
( )
m
: ` m 2
2
2
+ :
m
` m
2

m
` m
: 2
C\cn . Muss o rcul m
luuus o gyruion !
join the community
Vc hu\c io nukc lBD o ihc sysicn,
Vhcrc, Jcnson n ihc ihrcuu
m Vcghi o ihc sysicn
lcul s rollng uovn. So ngulur uccclcruion ( ) concs n ihc ucion
lron lBD, lor \cricul irunsluion noion,
m ma ...()
unu or roiuionul noion,
`
m!
:
a 2
1 m!
2
, / a :
:
m!
a
2
2
...()
lron cquuion () 8 () Suosiiuic ihc \uluc o n cquuion (), vc gci
m
:
m!
a
2
2
ma
m a
:
m!
m
2
2

a
! :
:
2 2
2
...()
lron |rc\ous qucsion, m ma
Suosiiuic ihc \uluc o a ron cquuion (), vc gci
( )
m m
! :
:
2 2
2
( )
( )
! :
m ! : m:
2 2
2 2 2
! :
m!
2 2
2
Vc knov ihui u |uriclc rcqurcs ihc \clociy o 11.2 / kn s or cscu|c i ron ihc
curih`s gru\iuionul clu. Jhc unglc uocs noi ccci on i.
Jhc !! s ihc uugonul o ihc squurc !C! unu C!! 45.
lron ihc !C! sn45
!C
C!
C! 1 45 sn
2
1
uni
vhcrc C! s ihc hcghi o ihc irunglc !C! .
Nov, ihc urcu noncni o ncriu o u irunglc uooui is ousc !! s
|!
12
8
vhcrc | ousc o irunglc 8 ! hcghi o irunglc
So, ihc irunglc !! urc sunc unu rcqurcu noncni o ncriu o ihc squurc
!C! uooui is uugonul s,
1
1
( ) ( ) !! C! 2
12
8

b
1
2
2
1
12
1
8

uni
Jhc rcucions ui ihc hngcu su||ori vll oc n only \cricul urccion us cicrnul
louus urc \cricul.
Nov, consucr ihc !!! o cnirc iruss. In cqulorun o orccs.
! !
a I
1 1 2 kN ...()
Jukng noncni uooui |oni , vc gci
! ! 8
I
1 1 2 8 ! ! !

!
I
1 kN
lron cquuion (), !
a
2 1 1 kN
lrsi consucr ihc !!! o |oni vih ihc urccion o orccs ussuncu n ihc
gurc.
lcsol\ng orcc \cricully, vc gci
!
a
sn ! 45
!

!
!
sn
kN
45
1
2
(Con|rcsson)
lcsol\ng orccs horzoniully
!
C
cos ! 45
!
1 kN 2
2
1
(Jcnson)
join the community
Consucr ihc !!! o |oni ! vih knovn \uluc o orcc !
!
n ncnocr !
lcsol\ng orccs \cricully,
!
!C
cos ! 45
!
1 kN 2
2
1
(Jcnson)
lcsol\ng orccs horzoniully,
!
!!
sn ! 45
!
1 kN 2
2
1
(Con|rcsson)
Consucr ihc !!! o |oni C vih knovn \uluc o orcc !
!C
unu !
C
lcsol\ng orccs \cricully,
1 sn ! ! 45
!C C!

1 sn ! ! 1 45 O
C! C!

lron ihc !!! o ihc sysicn.
!
A
cos m 45
ll suruccs urc snooih, so ihcrc s no rcionul orcc ui ihc suruccs.
Jhc uovnvuru orcc sn m 45 s oulunccu oy cos ! 45.
sn m 45 cos ! 45
m
2
1
!
2
1
! m
In ihs cusc ihc noion o nuss m s only n x urccion. So, ihc lncur noncniun
s only n x urccion 8 i rcnuns conscr\cu.
lso ron lncrgy conscr\uion luv ihc cncrgy rcnuns consiuni .c. cncrgy s ulso
conscr\cu.

Engineering Mechanics

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Engineering Mechanics

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2

ruu/s. Jhc nugniuuc o ihc \clociy ui ihc oihcr

. Ii s |rccon|rcsscu oy 1OO nn ron is rcc

. ! O 80b5 1OO 1OO

SOL 2.9 O|ion () s corrcci.

Jukng ihc noncni uooui |oni !,

SOL 2.11 O|ion () s corrcci.

SOL 2.24 O|ion (D) s corrcci.

Joiul lcngih o clcncni

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