1 Heart Disease

...or how your e!orts now will pay o! big time in the future!
...or what do jumbo jets have to do with it?
2 Where in the U.S. do we nd the highest incidence of heart disease? Why?
West?
South?
Northwest?
Northeast?
Midwest?
3 Anatomy of heart
Coronary arteries
Right
Left anterior descending and circumex
4 Coronary Artery Disease (Atherosclerosis)
Coronary arteries become blocked with plaque
Accumulated plaque restricts ow of blood
5
6 Atherosclerosis, cont.
Thrombus is a formed clot
Embolus is a moving clot
7 Potential result? Heart attack!
Symptoms:
Crushing pain/tightness in chest
Radiating pain
Nausea
Cold sweat
Light headedness
Shortness of breath
Shortness of breath
8 Stroke!
Symptoms
Sudden numbness or weakness in face, arm, leg (especially one side of body)
Sudden confusion
Sudden slurred speech
Sudden trouble hearing or seeing
Severe headache
Loss of consciousness or decreased consciousness
9 Stroke: Save a life with Star
Ask the person to:
Smile
Tongue: stick out your tongue (look to see if victim cant stick it straight out from mouth)
Audio (repeat a simple sentence)
Raise both arms
10 Which risk factors cannot be changed from this list?
Family history
Blood pressure
Smoking
Gender
Cholesterol
Age
Ethnicity
11 Risk factors: Big Four
that cannot be changed
Family history
Age
Gender (women-4% from cancer; 50% from heart disease
Ethnicity (African-American, Latino, Asian)
12 Risk factors that can be changed!
Big Four:
Smoking
Big Four:
Smoking
Blood pressure
Cholesterol
Physical inactivity
13 Smoking
Damages lining of arteries
Decreases HDL (good cholesterol) and increases LDL (bad cholesterol)
Decreases oxygen carrying capacity of blood
Nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure
Increases strain on heart, but decreases bloods ability to handle strain
14 Blood Pressure
Measure of the force of blood against the arterial wall
When force is too great, damage occurs
Damage allows for more plaque to accumulate, leading to heart disease and potential of stroke
Optimal is 120/80
15 Cholesterol
Good: High density lipoprotein (HDL)
Bad: Low density lipoprotein (LDL)
160 is optimal for total cholesterol
Diet makes a di!erence!
Exercise makes a di!erence!
16 Physical Inactivity
More people at risk from inactivity than any of the other Big 4 risk factors
Exercise is the closest thing we have to a magic bullet against heart disease
Why? Inuences all other controllable factors
17
18 Why is exercise a
magic bullet?
Lowers blood pressure
Lowers LDL
Raises HDL
Lowers LDL
Raises HDL
Helps to maintain proper weight
Improves function of the heart
Helps to reduce responses to stress
19 Another risk factor?
Hostility assessment
If stuck in a long line at the express checkout at the grocery store, I often count the items in the cart of the
people ahead of me
I am often irritated with other peoples incompetence
If a cashier gives me the wrong change, I assume he or she is trying to cheat me.
Ive been so angry that I have thrown things or slam doors
20 Hostility assessment, cont.
If someone is late, I plan ahead the angry words I am going to say
I tend to remember irritating incidents and get mad all over again
If someone cuts me o! in tra"c, I honk my horn, ash my lights, pound the steering wheel or shout or worse
Little annoyances have a way of adding up during the day, leaving me frustrated and impatient
21 Hostility assessment, cont.
If the person who cuts my hair trims o! more than I wanted, I fume about it for days
When I get into an argument, I feel my jaw clench and my heart rate and breathing skyrocketing
If someone mistreats me, I look for an opportunity to pay them back
I nd myself often getting annoyed at the little things my roommate or friends do
22 How did you score?
Score of 3 or less=generally cool head
Score of 4-8=your level of hostility could be increasing your risk for heart disease
Score of 9 or more=high enough to endanger your heart and certainly your relationships
23 Images
http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_heart_disease.htm
http://www.kidney-hypertension.com/9124.jpg
http://uvahealth.com/Plone/ebsco_images/2546.jpg
http://www.j24worldchampionship2009.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Bad-Cholesterol-Diet.jpg
http://www.diethealthycare.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Cholesterol-Nutritionist.jpg
http://www.j24worldchampionship2009.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Bad-Cholesterol-Diet.jpg
http://www.diethealthycare.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Cholesterol-Nutritionist.jpg