Module 9

MIMO
Motivations
Limitations of conventional systems
MIMO
Antenna Configurations
MIMO Model
MIMO Systems

Types
Diversity
Spatial Multiplexing

Deployment
Benefits
(PCC)
Agenda
Aspirations
High data rate wireless communications links with
transmission rates nearing 1 Gigabit/second


Provide high speed links that still offer good Quality
of Service (QoS).


Conventional Antenna
Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO)
Theoretically, the 1Gbps barrier can be achieved using this
configuration if you are allowed to use much power and
as much bandwidth(BW)
Extensive research has been done on SISO under power
and BW constraints. A combination of a smart
modulation, coding and multiplexing techniques have
yielded good results but far from the 1Gbps barrier
channel
Radio DSP Bits
TX
Radio DSP Bits
RX
MIMO Concept
User data stream
User data stream
.
.

1
2
MT
.
.
.
1
2
MR
.
.
.
.
.

Use multiple transmit and multiple receive antennas for a
single user
Now this system promises enormous data rates!
channel
MIMO Model
Multiple Antenna Arrangements
Single Input/Single Output
(SISO)
Multiple Input/Single Output
(MISO)
Single Input/Multiple Output
(SIMO)
Multiple Input/Multiple Output
(MIMO)
Design Criterion
MIMO Systems can provide two types of gain
Spatial Multiplexing Gain Diversity Gain
Maximize transmission rate
(optimistic approach)
Use rich scattering/fading to
your advantage
Minimize Packet
Error(conservative approach)
Go for Reliability / QoS etc
Combat fading
If only I could have both! As expected, there is a tradeoff
Scrambling
Modulation
mapper
Layer
mapper
Precoding
Resource element
mapper
OFDM signal
generation
Resource element
mapper
OFDM signal
generation
Scrambling
Modulation
mapper
layers antenna ports code words
Transmitter Overview
Split into several
streams if needed
Weighting data
streams for
transmission
Example of MIMO Usage


Thank you