Pssive 2 (be done / been done /being done)

A. Study the following active and passive forms:

nfinitive
Active: (to) do/clean/see etc
Somebody will clean the room later
Passive: (to) be ! done/cleaned/seen etc
The room will be cleaned later
"he situation is serious. Something must be done before it#s too late
A mystery is something that can#t be e$plained
"he music was very loud and could be heard from a long way away
A new supermar%et is going to be built ne$t year
Please go away. want to be left alone
&
Perfect infinitive
Active: (to) have ! done/cleaned/seen etc.
Somebody should have cleaned the room
Passive: (to) have been ! done/cleaned/seen etc.
The room should have been cleaned
haven#t received the letter yet. t might have been sent to the wrong address
f you hadn#t left the car unloc%ed' it wouldn#t have been stolen
"here were some problems at first' buy they seem to have been solved
C.
Present perfect
Active: have/has ! done etc
"he room loo%s nice. Somebody has cleaned it
Passive: (ave / has been ! done etc
The room looks nice. It have been cleaned
(ave you heard) "he concert has been cancelled
(ave you ever been bitten by a dog)
Are you going to the party) *o' haven#t been invited
Past perfect
Active: had ! done etc
"he room loo%ed nice. Somebody had cleaned it
Passive: (ad been ! done etc
"he room loo%ed nice. t had been cleaned
"he vegetables didn#t taste very good. "hey had been coo%ed too long
"he car was tree years old but hadn#t been used very much

Present continuous
Active: am/is/are ! (do)ing
Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment
Passive: am/is/are ! being (done)
The room is being cleaned at the moment
"here#s somebody wal%ing behind us. thin% we are being followed
(n a shop) can help you) *o' than% you. am being served
Past continuous
Active: was/were ! (do)ing
Somebody was cleaning the room when arrived
Passive: was/were ! being (done)
"he room was being cleaned when arrived
there was somebody wal%ing behind us. +e were being followed

,*" --. Passive .

A. was offered / / we were given ..' etc
Some verbs can have two ob0ects. 1or e$ample' give:
Somebody gave the police the information. (2 somebody gave me the information
to the police)
So it is possible to ma%e two passive sentences:
the police were given the information
the information was given to the police
3ther verbs which can have two ob0ects are:
As% offer pay show teach tell
+hen we use these verbs in the passive' most often we begin with the person:
was offered the 0ob' but refused it. (2 they offered me the 0ob)
4ou will be given plenty of time to decide. (2 we will give you plenty of time )
(ave you been shown the new machine) (2 has anybody shown you))
"he men were paid 5-66 to do the wor%. (2 somebody paid the men 5-66)

,*" -7. t is said that / (e is said to / (e is supposed to /
A. study this e$ample situation:
(enry is very old. *obody %nows e$actly how old he is' but
t is said he is 869 years old or (e is said to be 869 years old
&oth these sentences mean: People say that he is 1! years old:
4ou can use these structures with a number of other verbs' especially:
Alleged believed considered e$pected %nown reported
thought understood
;ompare the two structures:
;athy wor%s very hard
t is said that she wor%s 8< hours a day or she is said to wor% 8< hours a day
"he police are loo%ing for a missing boy
t is believed that the boy is wearing a white pullover and blue 0eans or
"he boy is believed to be wearing a white pullover and blue 0eans
"he stri%e started three wee%s ago
t is e$pected that it will end soon or the stri%e is e$pected to end soon
A friend of mine has been arrested
t is alleged that he hit a policeman or (e is alleged to have hit a policeman
"he two houses belong to the same family.
t is said that there is a secret tunnel between them or there is said to be a secret
tunnel between them
"hese structures are often used in news reports. 1or e$ample' in a report about an
accident:

t is reported that two people were in0ured in the e$plosion or two people are
reported to have been in0ured in the e$plosion.
&. (&e) supposed to
Sometimes (it is) supposed to / 2 (it is) said to /:
want to see that film' t#s supposed to be good. (2 it is said to be good)
=ar% is supposed to have hit a policeman' but don#t believe it
&ut sometimes supposed to has a different meaning. +e use supposed to to say what
is intended' arranged or e$pected. 3ften this is different from the real situation:
"he plan is supposed to be a secret' buy everybody seems to %now about it.
(2 the plan is intended to be a secret)
+hat are you doing at wor%) 4ou#re supposed to be on holiday
(2 you arranged to be on holiday)
3ur guests were supposed to come at >..6' but they were late
?ane was supposed to phone me last night' but she didn#t
#d better hurry. #m supposed to be meeting ;hris in ten minutes

,*" -<. (ave something done
A. study this e$ample situation
the roof of @isa#s house was damaged in a storm. 4esterday a wor%man came and
repaired it.
@isa had the roof repaired yesterday