Drug Chloramphenicol Clindamycin Quinopristin/Dalfopristin Linezolid

Intro Chloramphenicol is
either bactericidal or
bacteriostatic
depending upon type of
organism.*

It is a mixture of two
streptogramins in a ratio of
thirty to seventy respectively.
They are derived from
streptomycete and then
chemically modified.*
Linezolid is a totally synthetic
oxazolidinone.*
M.O.A Drug binds to bacterial
50S ribosomal subunit*
Inhibits protein
synthesis at the
peptidyl transferases
reaction*
Inhibit protein
synthesis*

Drug binds to 30S
subunit of bacterial
ribosome*
Blocking access of aa-
tRNA to the mRNA-
ribosome complex*
Inhibits the protein
synthesis*
Drugs binds to separate sites on
50S bacterial ribosome*
Forming a stable ternary
complex (ribosome + mRNA +
tRNA)*
Interrupting protein synthesis.*
Drug binds with 50S subunit*
Inhibits the formation of
initiation complex (ribosome +
mRNA + tRNA)*
Inhibits protein synthesis*
Resistance Presence of R factor*
Decreased affinity for
drug*
Presence of efflux
pump*
Decreased affinity for
drug *
Plasmid-mediated
resistance*

Presence of efflux pump*
Decreased affinity for drug *
Plasmid-mediated resistance*
Decreased affinity fo0r drug*
Pharmaco
kinetics
Administered IV or
orally*
Distribute well into
body tissues, readily to
CSF*
Metabolized by liver*
Excreted through renal
tubule and breast milk*
Administered via oral
route
Distribute well into
body fluids but not to
CSF*
Metabolized by liver*
Excreted through bile
and urine*
Injected I.V in 5% Dextrose
soln. (Saline medium is not
compatible). *
This combination penetrated
the macrophages and
polymorphonucleocytes*
Both compounds are
metabolised by liver.*
Eliminated/excreted via the
bile into feces. Urinary
Absorbed on oral administration. I/V
prep is also present.*
Widely distributed throughout the
body*
Two metabolites that are oxidation
products are identified, one of which
has antimicrobial activity.CYP450 is
not involved in the metabolism.*
Excreted by the renal and non-renal
routes, major excretion relies on
kidney.*

excretion is secondary.*