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• Transfer Efficiency %
• NEP Removal Efficiency.
• 3) Fiber Arrangement in Sliver
The cylinder load consists of two parts viz-basic load and working load. The
basic load represents the fibres, which get absorbed into the cylinder
foundation over a period of time. And the working load represents fibre load
on surface from which fibre get transferred to the doffer. In the metallic cards
fibres on the surface constitute the cylinder load. A high cylinder load is
naturally determined to good carding. Since it enter fares with fibre
separation and individualization in cylinder flat region.
When ordinary card clothing is used the Transfer Efficiency is about 5%. Now
a day with metallic wires being introduced, the Transfer Efficiency is
enhanced up to 25%. This is because the loading and unloading
characteristics of the card vary with the flexible wire and metallic wire.
Simpson's Analysis:
The doffer collecting fraction i.e. the proportion of fibre transferred to doffer
depends upon the following ratio of wire angles i.e.
R = (Sin β 2 + Cos β 2)/ (Sin β 1 + Cos β 1)
β 1 = inclination angle of cylinder wire point.
β 2 = inclination angle of doffer wire point.
This ratio reaches its maximum value 1.414 when β 1 =90° and β 2=45°.
However, since a cylinder wire point angle of 90° would not given a good
carding action, angle of 88° for cylinder and 45° for doffer are suggested.
Keeping production rate constant, if doffer speed is enhanced with a
proportionate reduction in sliver hank the load on cylinder decreases
and Transfer Efficiency increases. It means at the same production rate
a combination of faster doffer and lighter sliver improves carding.
In the first case, in order to keep the production rate constant, the
doffer speed needs to be adjusted according to sliver linear density.
This however changes cylinder doffer surface speed ratio since cylinder
speed remains unaltered.
In the Second Case, to keep the cylinder doffer surface speed ratio
constant, the cylinder speed is also changed in proportion to change in
doffer speed. From above discussion it can be concluded that heavier
sliver increases loading and decreases transfer efficiency. It had been
also observed the load to be more for heavier sliver than the lighter
one irrespective of production rate. Transfer efficiency was always
higher for lighter sliver.
Change in production rate (from 6.1 lb/hr to 18.1 lb/hr) through (gr/yd)
increases loading and decreases Transfer Efficiency.