Modal perfect biasanya dipakai untuk mengungkapkan kejadian pada masa lampau.

Modal perfect
dipakai dalam kondisi yang berbeda-bada sesuai dengan bentuk modal awalnya apakah menggunakan
modal : Can/could (ability), may/might (possibility),dll.
SUMMARY
MODALS
1. Modal Present (M1) : Can, may, shall, will, dll.
2. Modal Past (M2) : could, might, should, would, dll
3. Modal Perfect (M3) : could have V3, might/may have V3, should have V3, would have V3.

MODAL PERFECT
a. MUST HAVE V3
Kita menggunakan modal perfect Must Have V3 untuk menggungkapkan kesimpulan akan kejadian yang
telah terjadi di masa lampau. Sebuah kesimpulan berarti kita yakin 95% bahwa sesuatu itu PASTI
Contoh:
When we came home, we found the door of my house was open and broken
Oh, there must have been thieves stealing in your house
b. MIGHT HAVE V3
Kita menggunakan modal perfect Might Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan kemungkinan akan sebuah
kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau. Kemungkinan di sini berarti masih fifty-fifty bahwa seseuatu itu
MUNGKIN
ontoh:
I called him several times yesterday but there was no answer
He might have been out of town.

c. SHOULD /OUGHT TO HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect perfect Should Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan sebuah saran yang
seharusnya dilakukan oleh seseorang di masa lampau namun saran tersebut pasti tidak dilakukan.
Modal perfect jenis ini lebih cendrung pada sebuah penyesalan. Kita mengungkapkan dalam bahasa


FLASHLIGHT
Indonesia SEHARUSNYA.namun

Contoh:
Does Anto know that Myrna had an accident yesterday?
I dont think so. We should have told him.

d. COULD HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect Could Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan kemampuan seseorang
melakukan sesuatu di masa lampau, namun tidak dilakukan. Bisa kita analogikan dengan
Dapat.namun.

Contoh:
Rita didnt come to my party. Actually, he could have come to my party.




PROBLEM SET

01. I could not find the museum you told me about.
01. I could not find the museum you told me about.
I ..the wrong bus.
(A) Must have taken
(B) Should have taken
(C) Should take
(D) Would have taken
(E) Ought to take

02. I did not know there was a test yesterday. Youme about it.
(A) Would have told
(B) Should tell
(C) Might have told
(D) Could tell
(E) Should have told

03. I am sorry, I was not able to finish typing your paper.
Well, it was my fault, Iyou with so much work
(A) Might not have burdened
(B) Had not burdened
(C) Should not have burdened
(D) Would not burden
(E) Could not have burdened

04. Was Jhon accepted at Astra?
He might have been. I havent seen him around for some time. The underlined words mean
that he
(A) Refuses to work for Astra
(B) Is not working for Astra
(C) Is still unemployed
(D) Was certainly accepted
(E) Was probably accepted

05. I have heard that Alex was fined $100 for littering when he was in Singapore.
Really? He that there is law against littering in public places.
(A) Might have known
(B) Could have known
(C) Ought to have known
(D) Should not have known
(E) Must not have known

06. I cant find my hand phone in my bag!
Well, youin the car. Lets take a look!
(A) May have to leave it
(B) Had to leave it
(C) Should have left
(D) May have left it
(E) Must leave it

07. I finally bought a computer but Im not satisfied with it.
Thats too bad. YouDarno, our computer technician, for advice.
(A) Should have asked
(B) May have asked
(C) Ought to ask
(D) Must have asked
(E) Would ask

08. "When I arrived at this office at 3.00, Indra was not there.
Well, he.early.
(A) Should go home
(B) Must have gone home
(C) Might go home
(D) Would have gone home
(E) had better go home

09. Ive lost a lot of money by investing it in your friends business.
I am sorry, youabout his business.
(A) Had better consult me
(B) Should have consulted me
(C) Would rather consult me
(D) Must have consulted me
(E) Ought to consult me

10. It was a long and tiring flight from London.
Well, let me show you to your room then; youby now.
(A) Can be exhausted
(B) Must be exhausted
(C) Would be exhausted
(D) Could have been exhausted
(E) Might

11. This is the last flight from Jakarta, but I dont see my daughter among the passengers.
She .the flight.
(A) Must miss
(B) Must have missed
(C) Should miss
(D) Should have missed
(E) Ought to have missed

12. 'I am tired of watching that movie; there is too much violence.
I agree; .the channel?
(A) I should change
(B) Would we rather change
(C) I must change
(D) Shall I change
(E) Had I better change

13. 'I remember when we were children, Robertwith a big smile that one day he would be
famous.
(A) Had to stay
(B) Would rather have said
(C) Might have said
(D) Used to stay
(E) Ought to have said

14. Theres a letter stating that Ina has to leave for the U.S. next week.
Well, shethe news right away then.
(A) Should tell
(B) Should have told
(C) Should be telling
(D) Should be told
(E) Should be telling it

15. 'I tried to call Tina on her mobile phone yesterday, but I only got her mailbox.
She.to bring her phone, she often does that.
(A) Had to forget
(B) Should have forgotten
(C) Must forget
(D) Must have forgotten
(E) Ought to forget


Modal perfect biasanya dipakai untuk mengungkapkan kejadian pada masa lampau. Modal perfect
dipakai dalam kondisi yang berbeda-bada sesuai dengan bentuk modal awalnya apakah menggunakan
modal : Can/could (ability), may/might (possibility),dll.
SUMMARY
MODALS
1. Modal Present (M1) : Can, may, shall, will, dll.
2. Modal Past (M2) : could, might, should, would, dll
3. Modal Perfect (M3) : could have V3, might/may have V3, should have V3, would have V3.

MODAL PERFECT
a. MUST HAVE V3
Kita menggunakan modal perfect Must Have V3 untuk menggungkapkan kesimpulan akan kejadian yang
telah terjadi di masa lampau. Sebuah kesimpulan berarti kita yakin 95% bahwa sesuatu itu PASTI
Contoh:
When we came home, we found the door of my house was open and broken
Oh, there must have been thieves stealing in your house
b. MIGHT HAVE V3
Kita menggunakan modal perfect Might Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan kemungkinan akan sebuah
kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau. Kemungkinan di sini berarti masih fifty-fifty bahwa seseuatu itu
MUNGKIN
ontoh:
I called him several times yesterday but there was no answer
He might have been out of town.

c. SHOULD /OUGHT TO HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect perfect Should Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan sebuah saran yang
seharusnya dilakukan oleh seseorang di masa lampau namun saran tersebut pasti tidak dilakukan.
Modal perfect jenis ini lebih cendrung pada sebuah penyesalan. Kita mengungkapkan dalam bahasa


FLASHLIGHT
Indonesia SEHARUSNYA.namun

Contoh:
Does Anto know that Myrna had an accident yesterday?
I dont think so. We should have told him.

d. COULD HAVE V3

Kita menggunakan modal perfect Could Have V3 untuk mengungkapkan kemampuan seseorang
melakukan sesuatu di masa lampau, namun tidak dilakukan. Bisa kita analogikan dengan
Dapat.namun.

Contoh:
Rita didnt come to my party. Actually, he could have come to my party.




PROBLEM SET

01. I could not find the museum you told me about.
01. I could not find the museum you told me about.
I ..the wrong bus.
(A) Must have taken
(B) Should have taken
(C) Should take
(D) Would have taken
(E) Ought to take

02. I did not know there was a test yesterday. Youme about it.
(A) Would have told
(B) Should tell
(C) Might have told
(D) Could tell
(E) Should have told

03. I am sorry, I was not able to finish typing your paper.
Well, it was my fault, Iyou with so much work
(A) Might not have burdened
(B) Had not burdened
(C) Should not have burdened
(D) Would not burden
(E) Could not have burdened

04. Was Jhon accepted at Astra?
He might have been. I havent seen him around for some time. The underlined words mean
that he
(A) Refuses to work for Astra
(B) Is not working for Astra
(C) Is still unemployed
(D) Was certainly accepted
(E) Was probably accepted

05. I have heard that Alex was fined $100 for littering when he was in Singapore.
Really? He that there is law against littering in public places.
(A) Might have known
(B) Could have known
(C) Ought to have known
(D) Should not have known
(E) Must not have known

06. I cant find my hand phone in my bag!
Well, youin the car. Lets take a look!
(A) May have to leave it
(B) Had to leave it
(C) Should have left
(D) May have left it
(E) Must leave it

07. I finally bought a computer but Im not satisfied with it.
Thats too bad. YouDarno, our computer technician, for advice.
(A) Should have asked
(B) May have asked
(C) Ought to ask
(D) Must have asked
(E) Would ask

08. "When I arrived at this office at 3.00, Indra was not there.
Well, he.early.
(A) Should go home
(B) Must have gone home
(C) Might go home
(D) Would have gone home
(E) had better go home

09. Ive lost a lot of money by investing it in your friends business.
I am sorry, youabout his business.
(A) Had better consult me
(B) Should have consulted me
(C) Would rather consult me
(D) Must have consulted me
(E) Ought to consult me

10. It was a long and tiring flight from London.
Well, let me show you to your room then; youby now.
(A) Can be exhausted
(B) Must be exhausted
(C) Would be exhausted
(D) Could have been exhausted
(E) Might

11. This is the last flight from Jakarta, but I dont see my daughter among the passengers.
She .the flight.
(A) Must miss
(B) Must have missed
(C) Should miss
(D) Should have missed
(E) Ought to have missed

12. 'I am tired of watching that movie; there is too much violence.
I agree; .the channel?
(A) I should change
(B) Would we rather change
(C) I must change
(D) Shall I change
(E) Had I better change

13. 'I remember when we were children, Robertwith a big smile that one day he would be
famous.
(A) Had to stay
(B) Would rather have said
(C) Might have said
(D) Used to stay
(E) Ought to have said

14. Theres a letter stating that Ina has to leave for the U.S. next week.
Well, shethe news right away then.
(A) Should tell
(B) Should have told
(C) Should be telling
(D) Should be told
(E) Should be telling it

15. 'I tried to call Tina on her mobile phone yesterday, but I only got her mailbox.
She.to bring her phone, she often does that.
(A) Had to forget
(B) Should have forgotten
(C) Must forget
(D) Must have forgotten
(E) Ought to forget