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CARD

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4. TYPE OF OIUERVATIOH

3. OATETIME GROUP
Local

12- COHCLUSIOHS

2- LOCATION

1. DATE

0631
2 3/ 1 4 312

o
a

x Q Ground.Vi suol

GMT
S. PHOTOS

6.

AI .. Vi sual
SOURCE

GroundRadar
Airlntereept Radar

CY . .
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x O No

7. LENGTH OP OBSERVATION

20
IQ. BRIEF

.
Illl. nu ~es

'CV

NUMBER Of' OBJECTS

SUMIo4A~Y

U,,t a

OUi'

o~

0
0

nor t \1

Was Ai rcroft

Pro babl y Ai reraft

Possibly Aireroft

a
disc like obj e ct s ob s vl'ved from
,
c1 :Lsta nc e of 50 feet for about 20 llllll ute ;.",. When source aPPl' o? <.: l1ed obj e cts ,
they rose and slowly d~. snpp e ar e d behind
neal'by low hills with all al most unb ea rr
e
port
e
dl
y
ts
<tble hummin g, sound. Obj ec
,
l e ft s m' 11 l mprC's",lon s 111 tl e samd wher '
1 3. nding g ear had app a ra nt ly r es ted.

Was Astronomi col

P robabl y Astronomi cal

Possibly Astronomical

Oth.r T)s." ( ~h~"1 o ,rr i ("':J 1

In sufficient Data for Evaluation
Unknown

Ev" lt<ateci a s opti <.:a l illu$ion

, ...ea k en id e ntit y o f conven or InlS
tion'~l craf t or d ue to l'o:1 d
fatigll,>
l'o
a
d
hy
pnos
is
8.:. e xist,
lu g c o ndj. tions .- h alf li gh t of
,
d aw n
flat country wIth g ood
reflect i ve qualiti es .
sy c ho lo [.': i
c . 1 implic::ltions . Pos i b le hO ~l X

ATtC FORM 329 (;UV

SEP 52)

11. COMMENTS

OF SIGHTING

FOlll'

9. COURSe

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Was Balloon
Probably Balloon
Possibly Balloon

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HE1vlO FOR FILE - T~p~ 23 Nov

58 Incident
I

SUBJECT:

1.

Long-Distance Call to State Highway Department of Nevada,

Carson City, Nevada
Called Nevada Highway Department as to the estimated traffic that
~

'Would be on the road US

96

and , US

5,

between Tomopek, Nevada and pOints

east and north, at around 5:00 to 6:30 in the morning, particularly around
Nov~mber

2.

23rd.
Following infolmation given by a l-Ir. lvlcNeill'r(or McNulty or r.1cPhall,

T r"ansmission bad):
a.

Always some traffic on that road from and to Northern Nevada

and Calii'ornia.
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b.

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When asked for specific estimates said "about 25 to 301\ per hour".

"

3. Was asked if anything unusual such as any odd airborne object 'IoIas
reported to the llevada State Highway Patrol or Highway Department on that date
by any motorist on ,or about 23 November.

Replied in the negative.

I

GEORGE T. GREGORY
CAPT., USAF

22 January 1958

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RE"ERS TO

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AF~IN-4E4

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REQUEST D.~TE JOSEPH F. LONG, l/LT AO 302~" COlolPloRTED USAF

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ADVANCED SURVIVAL SCHOOL COURSE, AND SPECIFIC TnlIE AND DATE THIS
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OFFICER SIGNED OUT.

1951.

f,

BEl'! e:VED COMPLETED COURSE 0/A 22

nlMEDIATE REPLY REQUESTED.

RI:e'ER TO AFCIN-4E4

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COORDINATION

AFCIN-4E4 '='

Dr. H.

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USAF '

Adjutant

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WHIC:t WILl. IiR US.O UNTIL

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UNCLAS FROM T 18/58

YOUR MESSAGE AFCIN-4E4. lLT JOSEPH F LONG AO 3028640 COMPLETED USAF

ADVANCED SURVIVAL TRAINING COURSE 22 NOVEMBER 195'7. SUBJECT

OFFICER SIGNED OUT THIS STATION 0930 HOURS ,22 NOVEMBER 1957

8T

25/00302 JAN RJWPNL

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RE QUEST Al lY IID."ORMATION 1{J!X}ARDING ANY TEST AIRCRA

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HELICO?I'E:R OPERATIONS OR PNY OTHER ACTIVITIES m nC H

COULD ACCOUNT

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FOR AT,I.F.G'ED CLAL.'l BY USAF OFFICER OF FOUR UNUSUAL DI

SC-SHAPED

VEHICLES OBSERVED ON NOR1'UNG OF 23 NOVEMBER

Tim e ~~:;:~
Cliee k:='e'j B'f- 0:.:::"

57, APPROXD,lATELY

30 H tI ,ES WEST OF 'roNOPAH. ( ALSO REQUEST CHECK BE HA

DE OF KNOWN
RADAR MID OTHER mITTS IN 'I'FlAT AREA, IF AI.'T'l'I'B triG UNUS
UAL REPORTED
GENE.~

AT THAT

TI NE .

IN REPLY

RE:~'ER

TO AF CI N- 4E 4.

COORDINATION

AF CI N- 4E 4

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II FebruAry 1958
UFO Case File - Incident, 23 Hov 57 - Tonopah, Nevada
Principal - lst Lt Joseph F. Long - AO 3028640

Ana1yat I s Co
nts Regarding Possible ' Reasons for Source Hanu:facturing
story (Rei" lB*, p. 12, of IR)

Officer has reserve status.

near f'Utwe.
1.

Will be el.igihle

discharge in

1'01'

2. His aCaOemi c training and education appears to be speech, dra."lJ8,tics,

etc. for TV 'Work.

II

3. It is assumed that upon completion of his prescribed "Reserve Tour"

.\.- . lie w11l" associate bimaelf with 'tv work - either as a ~iter, editor,

, etc.

4. If he has kept his thumb on TV's pulse, he knows the great public
interest in "flying saucers" and "UFOs" - And the nUJ1l.ber of TV presentations

on this subject.

,
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5.

Interrogation brought out that he is f'am i ] iar vith names of

prominent "saucer" and science fiction writers, authors which tha average
reader would not know. The arguments that Bo"rce gave on pase 11 of lR
are almost word "tor word argtaent given by a nWllber of these authors regarding "flying saucers" or their attempts to prove that they are not
ea .. th-made
vehicles

6.

is theref'ore not considered to be unaware of' the lUel'ative

opportunity and the sensatioDlu interest in his GuddenlY' appearing on a
TV presentation AS a cO!liiuentator or observer (a. la Kenneth Arnold), as a

writer of a. "flying saucer" eye-witness first person story, or as guest

lecturer or star for Keyhoe, Davidson I s or other TV programs. He cannot
be tot,]] y unaware that there would be no better waY' to enter his chosen
civilian profes.ion than with the drs"tic announceJllent that he is the only
unixcpeecht.lble,
ly reliable person, a.
if'ied observer, an Air
Foree pilot I to ha.ve seen and made an actual] y near contact with rlying.
saucers - recently discila:rsed :from the service, et. etc.---"

7.

Therefore there may be other motives for SOUa:S

such, , . .
astor,., ':lut on the buis of the above kcown facts, this is one
;tha-c':
cannot be disregarded. Inve8tigators broD a. cardi nal rule in bandl:Lng this
caae (see
10, of IR): although they went to great length and pains to
interrogate source and obtain detailed
and opinions, not a single
check was made of aD lcx:al facilities to dete,,'I,line 11' any aircraft or
operatlOZls vere in the area at that time, as prescribed b,. par 5, MB 200-2.

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GREllORY

rw. 0''2'

Captain, USAF
4 February 1958

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T , e u ':::..l t t hat a t'oviow and ~mll l:; s 1s, f!' o;n t 1" ) 9~:rc :.o loi;lco.l P01:l';;
cI' v l"J~"~ ce tf'l de or Ui:'Q data and stutements att:.c!:wd l;e rs7ilth.
It t:J
dS:J i l'eu chat thia be o ccomp ll !l had 'i:;Lrou ;:;h the rJ 'J t , o Ush,d fl1dJ.~_ tle3
01' P::'oject S t ork, !ltd a re p ')rt of t h~ result3 b d l -Jr'I 3. rd~d to t h 13
o~flce os expadltlallsly as pb331bla.
1.

st r on;'i:t re c ():nThied t!:~ t [ 1:' .

'w]
' . F ltt::l ~ ': ep art :;~()n-:; oC
? YC1-.o1o.;;r of O11.i:> ,3t ate Uni;re rslty) ~ e r1().(" :! t;;l'd );'n([u L _
" ed revic-;, ~:'
t!no.l:rs1s. Dr. Flttn l1US \'i l do ex pe ri e!1Ca In t his P!l!'t lc 1l l a r l'l e:Ld,
ita-lins fJe r,;:' or~e d 2 12 poyc holo ...,ic a l ",nu l . se s 01' u~, J Sljlt ir~g 3. U 3 -:Je ll
[IS .h.<tv:l.n6 prepared a s:,:: eci ~\l r epo 't on t ' le ..:,ubj e ct fo r t2::le iii!:' l '')r'ca .
2.

It

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1" 01" t:i.1e :la ke of eXt'''3dlency, u.'\d in ~_c~o.l."do.n ce wit h y O\u' suS, 63 ti ons inl.'ormally discus~ed. oo t \'IC:;6n your nfl'ice r.d CH ) tain Gre c oX'"J,
it iD r8co::".rr.eI~eci that tl!e attacbed letter' o f r~'q ue !:l t '\;l) r.I'. F i tta
be hsnd-c Grricd to ?roj e c t ~-:' toll'.: d uring the courier !'uns to (: olu::1bud,
Ohlo.

I
I

Funding for the pro pos ed c onsultati on eerv:(;~~ shull be obt~l lr.ed
f l'o~ Contrgct ri o. pes 251' and :l.t 1 s not cDn te:nplateL1 th~t the c0 n t.ract
~1ervlceB will exceed ei Ent ~ou rs of 'N ork.
4.

rfr.e r.l3tt <:! r will require d 13cl'f}et h!:md lin3 . 'i'he.I sct thai; a n
iiI' F orce p ilot insisting 8 ':.1d o ffl d.ally t 63 t lfy1n5 that he walked up
a
to, p',nd observad 1\ feu:, f lylng-s a ucers nt clo 36-h am!1 J. o ll owtng
l :n:mdlntely O;'l the heela of a naUon-wide 'I'V nre ,'entHt i o n to t -~e effect
tha t after a d~c6de o,t: searchin,;, th.,. Air F orce haa y~t to prove t he
existence 01' or:e, ;Iould, if umvlt 'tl..ns l j releas ed to c l'1':~ p r~~3 ') :' r ublic,
urD.oubtedly result 1n i m:r.adill::e and vi o lent; repercl.lSSi0:13 to t ~~e e l f'lbarrassmer:t of the Air F ')rc::a. It 1s f IJI't h i 3 r e a!3on that 2.11 o.ven uas
ond !:lOpeC~3 be explored, b efore snch dra st ic: measur ' 3 ' '1 ' ; l i e - det e ct or
5.

tes t

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CO l"lJ 1:iertlt~

on.

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P. eq ue at fo r Ps yc ho lc gi ;a l
Si gh til lg by USAF P il ot

_~cm-4133

4 Feb:ruazoy 58

t fr . 1-/hltc be r

M"I'N:

1.J70

.A na l)' 31 3 -

G .T . Cr eg ar Y/ lft Il

69216

1.

l'l aq ,.a t th at a. re vi ew an d an al :tS is , f'r tJ ll th e p8ycholo

gics~ po in t of
-l ia w , be ro de or woo da ta an d st at em en ts at ta ch ed he rev1. t.h
It iu de81r~d th at
tl1 s be
t.~ es ta bl 13 he d f' ac il it ie ' of ' Pr oj ec t tlh
1t
e St or k,
an d a
o~ th e l'e eU lta be 1'0 1 na de c1 to "t hi s of
ri co 3iS e.l Cl lec 11 tio ua ly as

I
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po sa lb le .

2.

It 113 et l'o ilg l" 1 re c

nd ed th at D r. Pa ul M. :U~ta ,
of
Ps yc ho lo gy o~ O bi o st at e UniVl-..1's1ty,
th e xe q" ir ed re 'r1 av an d an al ys 1s .
P it t. ha a vi de e: <p cr ia nc :e in th is pa rt ic ul ar :f ie ld ,
pa ri" or n: ed 21 2
an al ys e. of UFO e1 gh t 1nga , vs ve U as ha vi ng l'Z'~~ S .
sp ec ia l
on th e

SUOJ~

"fo r th e A il'

3.

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FO l' th e sa ke of

, an d in
~r1th yoUI'
yo ur of fi ce en d
GregG'( y, it 18
nd ed
tb at th e at ta cb eG le tt er of :,s Cj Ue et to Dzt. F it ts be ha n dC8 1' l'i ed to F: -o Je et til lit e
St er k <1.... tn S tll e co ur ie r X'1 m a to Columbus, O hl o

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f:s r "th e pr op os ed co na ul ta tl au el 'v ic es sh al l be ob ta i Do

d fro m
PeS I~ ... 25 , an d 1t is no t
th at th e co n !;t ac t
"W
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ei gh t
of ut 4k .

w il l re q\ A1 re

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AFCI N-4E4 IC-4~ 327, DTD 20 MAR 56. CHEC KS WITH RA DAR UfJITS I N THI S
AREA

MET WITH NEGATIVE RESULTS. THIS I NS TALLATIO N HAS NO

FUTHER I NFORr1 ATlO N, THEREFO RE WE ARE CLOSI NC OUT OUR RECORDS I N

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TO ':i\PT. G. GREGORY 4E4/THRU L. G. WHITCHER 483

S. SHlPSotl, JR.
FR Oll 4B4/G.
,
.

R/19/1805Z ..

G-:~21_

/ .U
- N, C L A S S I F I E D I
,

..

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,

, >

I FINALLY CONTACTED DR. P. FI'rTS AT 12.45 P.M. TODAY. HE AGREES TO

COnE OVER TO TAKE A LOQK NEXT WEEK, POSSIBLY TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 25.
HILL ADVISE AFTER HIS FIRST VISIT AND REvn:w tfHAT HE INTENDS DOING.
,

IN THE 1'1EANTIME, lyE ARE PREP MUNG LETTER

ALL LINED UP.

HENCE, lvE ARE

,

END

FB 19/1937Z1AH
,

..
1

ITD-I ' 8.

,
,

CA-PT GREGORY AS1<ED ME TO PASS ON THE FOLLOBING INFORMATIO

N
,
TO YOU.
\

A. REQUEST YOUR DISCREET INTERCESSICN

RE FI1' TS ANALYSIS OF A UFO PSYCIIO CASE

I~ ATIC,S
SUB~IITTED

AG O.

BEHALF
TO HII~ 6 WEEKS

REO,UEST REPEATED CONTACTS vJITH HU1 OR HIS PHIVATE SECR

ET
AR
Y
FOR THE tr1ST T10)0 HEE1<S GIVE US UIPRESSION OF "RUN-AHOUN
D".

B.

C. t1ATTER NO~l HAS REQCHED XXXX REACHED INTEREST OF HIGH

LE
VE
L
HASHINGTON G?OUPS.

D. FIRST CONTACT WITH FITTS - 4 WEI:XXX WEEKS AGO - STAT

vl0ULD BE BUSY AND IN CONFERENCES FOR THO HEEKS. IN VIE ED HE
H
OF
FACT THAT IT WAS UNDESIRABLE TO FIND SO~:EONF. ELSE, CONS
ID
ER
ED
Q}{AY TO LOSE THE TiW vTEEI<S.
E~
LAST WEEK CALLED EVERY DAY WITH ASSURANCES THAT }!E "F IT
T
S"
{,10ULD GIVE US AN ORP,L REPORT THE NEXT DAY AND HE HOULD
Cm
-n
"A
CT
US. YE1' NO ATTEMPT MADE TO CONTACT THE CENTER. WE HAD
TO
CA
LL
HI~ NEAR THE END OF THE WORKING DAY
WIT}! THE SAME ANSWER "SORRY,
E T C ., ETC., WILL GIVE YOU A CALL".

,
(

F . AS A REPRESENTATIVE OF THE INSTITUTE, COULD YOU CONT

AC
T
HI
M
AGAIN AND FIND OUT WHETHER OR NOT HE OR ANY OF HIS COLL
EA
GU
ES
CAN DO IT . IF THE ANSWER IS "NO", DO YOU HAVE ' SOMEONE
W
IT
}!
IN
THE ORGANIZATION UHO COULD HANDLE THIS FOR US
,

TH e? IT

IJ~S

THE op'>T::r;!A'Hm B2r;"pJ{H1C.

SET

1~

SU H I YR 'lillO

AND DO

R eA D n Il S

II

Oi~AY

GA .
~

IS THIS

Ti l .....

BY C P R '
,

T0

et"23~

.
,

'l~

NINh P1.3

V"

CL 2& 5'

K
,4}l~D~NOU

>,

RD

FI N k.

m~'

K.

GO'1 <U N E

F".-;;-trAS'I WO?'B

~1AS

Fo n

,,

,
H/W bX?'::: FOtJR AG?J.

THE ORGANIZATION vlHO COULD HANDLE THIS FOR US. HE HAVI

TO
GE
T
SOl-lE REPLY INTO t-IASHINGTON TOMOP-ROt&! TO OUR HEADQ,UAP.TER
S.

,.'
/

GA Tf! CAPT IS HERE

'

/.
. I
~

O [~

HOLD ON ONE MIN PLS.

GUS IS
FIRE WilEN READY THEN GA

.
. 1'

HIS WAY frERE.

-,

THIS IS GUS

TO GREGORY CAPT

GEO RGE THAT IS

REVIEl-IING THE LOCAL NEUSPAPER I NOTICED A STATEt1ENT THAT DR FITTS

IS PLANNING TO LEAVE THE COUNTRY C VACATION I THHl!( ON APRIL
4 TH. I AM STILL HOLDING THE SENSI'rIVE DOCUI1ENT A~:D HAVE
HEARD NO HORD FRor'j FITTS AS YET THIS UEE:{
SUGGEST THERF.FORE
T:iAT IF YOU ~ETAIN ANY HOPES AT ALL OF GETTING HIS REV lEO THAT
YOU CALL HII-; AND TELL HHl YOU \HLL SHOH UP AT EITHER HIS OFFICE OR
HO ~jE llITH THi: DOCur-IENT
AND JUST ASi{ HHI TO NAt'IE THE DAY AND HOUR

(
,

IF THIS SEEIolS SOUND I HILL RETURN THE DocmlENT HI THE POUCH TODAY SO
THAT NO NEED FOR YOU TO STOP HERE TO GET IT GAPLS
GUS

n~on

CAPT GREGORY.

HAVE CONTACTED PROF FIJT,S OFFICE EVERY DAY FOR TIlE LAST
THO HEEKs. YF.:STERDAY I RECEIVED ASSURANCE FRot-l HIS SECRETARY
THAT HE HOULD AT LEAST REV I Ell] THE DOCUI1ENT SmlETH1E TODAY.
SOil BACKGROUND REG.lIRiHNG THIS
.
SUGGESTED TO HIS SECRETARY THAT SHE PLACE THE DOCUMENT I N HIS
1tAi'lDS AND THAT HE f1ERELY TAKE A "PEEK" AT IT. APPARENTLY EITHER
THE SECRETARY OR FITTS THINKS THIS IS A VOLUMINOUS DOCUMENT ~IHICH
I:JILL REQUIRE SOME TIME. ACTUALLY ONLY THREE PAGES. BELIEVE HE
CAN DO IT IN A HALF HOUR. HAS UNDER THE HlPRESS lotI THAT THE
DOCUMENT WAS I N FITT,S OFFICE. IF WI{AT YOU SAY IS TRUE, REGARDING
DOC, HE HAS NEVER SEEN IT. THEREFORE, RECOMMEND IT BE HAND CARRIED
TO HIS OFFICE AN D DEl1AND RPT DEHAND THAT IT BE PLACED I NTO HIS
}IANDS ASAP. LETS TRY THIS BAY, GUS.
/AND SEE ~IHAT HAPPENS/

Gp.

FiWri A S ECURITY VIEHPOl dT

HE HAVE HELD THIS DOCUHENT HERE AND HAVE

j;ADE [10 EFFORT TO DELIVER IT TO FITTS BECAUSE OF THE DISCREET HANDLING

SITUATION PLUS THA THE FACT IT IS NARKED CONFIDEN TIAL AND
;~ I 'll\ LLY SIC
SHICE HE HAVE NO , IDEA OF HIS CAPABILITY TO STORZ IT

J UST CAt'n FmD IT ItJ BY SOUL TO DErlA m P.l iYTHUIG OF FITTS 1\11 L::: A::Y
THP.T HE HOU LD HlFoml ~iE TO DROP DEAD ALSO SI NCE TillS HAS BECor;S
SO ['!ESSY m: AS THE H!STITUTE lIA:.:T TO BE SuRE IE I P.R IT ATE ~IEITJ[;:!1 '{OU
. ;OR FITTS BU T BOY HE r\~:.: I N r~ ID DLE AS I I\n SURE U ARZ

1-., . . . SUSPEC
T
T1U\l'
mon
Ijll
OVERA
LL
STfl.
i.JDPOEI
T
HIe
LtJ:::JItlG
., a"J' _ . ........ - _ ........ .... _ .._
-.

T~:I'.. rst!ISS

10;1 TUIS

S cX: ALL Y
,

'

,(

HlWC: NO POSITI0t'1 TO DEI'IAND A DARt! TllIil G

GflPLS
OKAY CUSS , YOUR PO liHS ARC: '..IELL T I\:(N . I!OT;JEVZP. , CAN YOU HELP
t';E OUT I N THIS RESPECT - UILL YOU CmrrACT HIS OFFICE PII:J A~RANGS
FOR A TUIE AND PLACE FOR HE TO SEE Hm . REASOn - I S THA T YOU
UOULD PROBABLY GET FURTHER FRot'! A PROTOCOL VI E ~'IPO I NT TH AN I
SINCE I HAVE BEEN WRITING }[I5 XXXXXXX BEE~1 RIDI NG }IIS OR H~R
BA CK FOR THREE HE1(XXX HEEKS. I F sot'!E FIRt1 DATE IS SST UP OR
AGREED TO, TH EN snJD TH E DOCUlt!:NT BII.Cl(. HOI.'/EVF.R , I f POSs IB LE
I N SOME HAY TO GET HIli TO COME DOWN TO YOUE PLACE TO TAKE A PEEle
AT IT, I AM SU RE WE CAN GET AN ANSBER ON THE SPOT.
T}[ I S IS JUST A SUGGESTIOI~
GA

DOHT LET O[~ I KN01;l YOU }I.WE CALLED

AND I \'lotH TEL L HHl
I HILL 11A1< A ROL'THlE FOLJ.otJ UP llASED ON THE
NZHSPAPER ARTICLE SO HE 1:10m FEEL w m:f.,D IN
HILL ADVIS [ U
SOOi'J AS I G2T P.i'lYTHING
Sot';ETWE THIS GUY IS AS H/l.r~D TO GST AHOLD
07 BY FOME AS A SPUT~JIC ;t OR A SAUCER
CLEJ:.R ON TELECOll AND THA[~K S GEORGE U HAVE NY CotIPLETE

SYl'IPATHY
GAPL S

tELL GIV2 IT ANOTHER TRY

OK

,
,

oun SINCE REST THANKS IN BEHALF OF NYSELF AND THE CEmER HEP.l;~
UOULD 1'1 0T HAVE YR JOB FOR ALL l'EXXX THE H01-lF:Y IN T1:'" HOR LD
I\PPRECI ATE ANYTHIKG It OUR BSHALF 1'HfI.T YOU C,~ N DO
CLEI\;~ THECO;'l Hi::RE
OUT OR GA UITH TRAFFIC

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THE

lVERSITY
NOVICE

G.

FAwla :::IT,

Pruidult

COLUMBUS 10
CO LLecE OP EDUC'.ATION
D III' AITI'U~T

o. l'n-clloI.OGY

3 April 1958

u,

LA SOIAfOIl'(
A\' IATIO~
P$YeIlUwG\,

:IS!) NATATOalUW

r-'=.

Hmlard Cross
B::..ttelle Nemorial Institute
50S King Avenue
Columbus, Ohio
Dear Hr. Cross,
I have examined thG Tonopah, Nevada Incident of 23 Novembe r 1957,
involving 1st. Lt. Jos eph F. Long.

This is indeed an unusual report. Hi th one impor tant exception, it

has many of the characteristics of the de liberate hoax8 s and reports of
psychopathological cases; this exception is that it "las made by an Air
Force officer, a pilot t..ho presumably should be amos t compe tent obs e rv~ r.
On the basis of the evidence in the folder I can only offer conje ctures regarding the nature of this incident. These conjectures may be
he lpful, however, in the collection of addition~l evide nce.
First, there is alway~/the possibility of a delibe rate hoax, even
in an Air Force offi::er. / In orde r to checl-t on this possibili ty, I uould
recommend a discrete investigation of the officer's personal background-the kind of investig a tion that is conducted before granting a security
clearance. Specifically, do friends, neighbors, e tc., kno .. of any evidence in the officer'S background that ,~ould suggest the possibility of
a hoax?
.

Second, and what I consider the most like ly conjecture, it is possible

that the officer was suffering from a te1aporary condi tion such as has sometimes been called "road hypnosis,1I brought. on by excessive fatI gue and
loss of sleep. The re are t~el1 documented cases of truck drivers, for
e x:!..:.)le, who hava driven off the road in order to avoid (entirely imag ined )
hous z s, busses, etc., ahead of them on the road. This is most lilte ly to
o c~~r on long desert roads, espe ci a lly at night.
(Note: Dr. Ross McFarland, School of Public Health, Harva r d Univ~r
sity should be consulted on this point. He has made studies of road
hypnos is. He has also s e rved wi th me on an J.\.i r Force Sci e nti f ic Advisory
Board study group and is an au thority in aviation psychology.)
/"1 recOi~~lle nd that a complete hour -by-hour ana lys i s be made of Lt.

Long' s activitles during the 72-hour period pre ced ing the reported si ghting. vIas he subjected to unusua l phys ical or psychol og ica l s t r e::;ses
during the latter phases of the survival c ourse ? Exactly hOH much sl eep
had he had during this 72-hour pe riod ? Had he been taking any drugs ,
stimulants or alcohol during the ni ght 's ddve . If so , what a nd how r.lUch ?
.
.
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,

~..

Mr. Howard Cross - pag e

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2 ' Jn .."J , ,,'~' 1.

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3 Apr il 1958

(Note: This investIgation should be made through an intervi e':T .1ith

Lt. Long by a competent Flight Surgeon, and by means of a che c!t-up 1-1ith
Survival Course personne l at Stead AF Base.)
,

Third, there is a possibility that this may conform to the pa ttern

of many previous "flying saucer" reports. As I pointed out some nine
years ago in my first analysis, practically all reports are character ized
by cO.ltplet~ lack ot.: observation of sp e ci~ic. detai,ls of the obj.~ct observe d.
( W'n ere these details are observed, the object is all-lays identifi ed.) Note
here that the object its elf .las not clearly seen; it appeared to " . .
g10'.-1 brightly" and it " emitted light." Also, the object a nd all observed components (the "transluce nt dome " as l'lell a s the "hemispheral"
land ing gears) of the object were without specific stuctllre. This appe arance of roundness, lack of clear corners, edges, structural detail, etc.,
usually occurs because the object is not seen clearly; the observer is
actually seeing a strong light reflected from a surface or actually a
light source, or else his eye s are out of focus, or else the object is
much farther a1'1ay than assumed. Lt. Long's account is clearly inconsistent .Ii th his statement that. he was wi thin 50 feet of the object. At 50
feet he should have been able to observe small structural details, such
as antenna, trade name on the tires, etc.
If conjectt.:re thre e should be true, I cannot specu18,t e as to Hhat
was acblally s een. Hotfever, I do recomme nd that a thorough check be made
for possible helicopter or other activities in the area.
I am at a loss to account for the high intensit.y noise togethe r with
absence of heat, s moke, or gust effects. Hy only conjecture here is that

the objects may have been much farther away than assumed.
farther than heat or air blast.

Sound travels

As to the "several small impre SSions" in the sand I shall leave it

to others to judge the importance of this evi dence.
In s~~mary, I strongly feel that this is just another case of mistake n identi ty or confus i on in perception under unusual circumstances.
Tnis opinion, I must confess, is based primarily on comparison of this
\,lith the thousands of previous reports. As I have pointed out before,
fr o~ a scientific viewpoint, it is impossible to disprove in each case
tha t t.(-o.e thing observed. was not a vehicle from outer spac e it is not
Po,)-s ibl e to prove the null r..ypothes is. HO\Olever, in viel'; of the nOlf
existing massIve amount of negative data, my own inclination is to r e main highly skeptical and certainly to take no action beyond that already underway in the absence of incontrovertible evidence of a positive
nature. I do not consider the present evidence at all conclusive .

,
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Paul H. Fi Us

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AI R TE'C~ (N (CAL ' I ~lTELLIG ENCE CEN TER

UN ITE D ST AT ES AIR rO RCE
WR IGHT 'PA TT ER SO N AIR rO RCE BASE
OH IO

, AFCIN-4-E4

SUS.JECT:

(C ) R eq ue st fo r Sp ec ia l. In ve st ig at io n - 1s t L t Jo se ph
F.
Lo ng , M-30286 llo

TO:

D is tr ic t
5t h D is tr ic t O ff ic e of ' Sp ec ia l In ve st ig at io ns
ATl'i'f: Lt C ol on el P. M. N ol d
W rig llt Pa tt er so n A ir Fo rc e Ba ile , Ohio

~.
Cell '~r

In ac co rd an ce w ith pr es cr ib ed di re ct iv es of AFR 20
0- 2, th is

ha s re ce nt ly COmpleted al l
ve in ve st ig at io n an d en a1 ys ia
of a UFO in ci de nt th at a' ] eg ed ly to ok pl ac e ne ar To no
pa h, Ne va da
ea rl y in th e m or ni ng of 23
1957. (U nc l)

2.

III br ie f', th e in ci de nt in vo lv es su bj ec t of fi ce r 'Who

to ha ve made cl os e co nt ac t w ith w ha t is CO tllh lO nly re f'e
rr ed to as
"F ly in g
." A tO llU al in ve st ig at io n re qu es te d. by th is C en te r
di sc lo se d. th at su bj ec t of fi ce r le :f' t i !iu ed ia te ly up on co
m pl et in g th e
USAF Sm vl va l. Schoo~ at St ea d AFBj tr av el ed al l ni gh t
en l'o ut e to
l A S V eg as , an d en co un te le d th e al le ge
d ob je ct s th e f'0 1l 0w in 3 <lay.
In th is re sp ec t, th e ca se
be co ns id er ed
tlD pr ec ec le nt ed :
th e of f'1 ce r is a f'i gl 1t er pi lo t who is aa s1 11111!d to be fa
m il ia r w ith
bo tD cn ne nt an d pr oj ec te d ai rc ra -r t;, m is si le and he li co
pt er de Si gn s,
as w el l as ae ri al . phellOlllena th at . is of te n m is ta ke n to r
'ln u. lu a1 or
un co nv en tio na l &1 rb oz 'n e ob je ct s, ye t in si st in g in o tf ic
ia
l
te
sti
lll
OO
Y
to ha -l in g III8de th e co nt ac t ill qu es ti on . ( Co nt )
,

3.

Tb e m at te r ha a be en COIIIPleted v i th i n th is C en te r I IS sc op
e
ot
bi li ty , W ic h em br ac es on ly th e te ch ni ca l. an d sc ie nt i1
'1
c
s~ tln d an al 3' se a of th e in ci de nt .
As su ch , it ha s no t be en re so lv ed .
to '-:a e sa ti st ac ti on of th e A ir Fo rc e. Th is i3 conc""z!
!(]. w i to by a
con~t.ant, Dr. F it ts , Pr es id en t of th
e D ep sl 'b lle nt of Ps yc ho lo gy ,
O hi o St at e U ni ve rs it y, to 'Which th e ca se 'WaS re fe rr ed
i'o r hi s re vi e"
an d 'eV 3. l.l la tio n. R ef er en ce is
to pe rt in en t m at er ia l in at ta ch ed
ca se fi le . Dr. F it ts ha s
, an al y3 es , fr om th e ps yc ho lo gi ca l,
po in t of ' vi ew , on a o\n:aber of co m pl ex UFO ca se s fo r th
e A ir Fo rc e. (C on t)

4.

The ca se is now
to fa ll 'W ith in th e re qu ir em en ts
fo r a sp ec ia l. in ve st ig at io n, i f it is to be ca rd ed to
it s ul ti m at a
an d l.o gi ca l co nc l.u si on . It is th er ef or e re qn es te d th a:t
re ti oll be
in it ia te d to ac co m pl is h th e fo llO w in g, sp ec i1 '1 ca ll; y:
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a.

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A di sc re et in ve at ig at io n of th e of fi ce r' s ba c1<gl'o
un
d,
W
ith
B

l.e ad aM in di ca ti on a th at w ou ld
or po as ib i 11ty of ' a ho ax .

an y te nd en cy to w ar ds

b. k l ho ur -o r- ho ur ac c: ou nt ab 1. l1 ty of th e 72 ho ur pe ri
od pr ecs di ng th e a 1 le ge d Si gh ti ng , w ith fu ll co na id er at io n gi ve
n to th os e
po in ts . sp ec i1 'lc a. U ,y reCOlllllended in D r. F it ts ' re po rt ,
c,

Co nt ac t

~th

bo th th e F lig h t Su rg eo n
pe rt in en t
ot th e Su rv iv al Sc bo ol at St ea d AYB, to de te z ld ne
th e na.t\Ue o f th e co ur se , it s po B llb le ef te ct s on tr :r ln ee
s,
en d an y
in f'0 ::m at 1o n re ga rd in g su bj ec t of fi ce r' s co nd uc t,
en d in cl ud in g
hi s :p hy 3i ca l. aD d m en ta l co nd it io n du dn g eo nd at th e co
m pl et io n of tb1zs
ri gi d co ur se .
(CONi')
SD d

5. Tb 1s m at te r is co ns id er ed ur ge nt fo r th e m an if ol d re as on s fo un
d
in th e at ta ch ec 1 ca se fi le ,
pa rt 1c ul .a rl y if su bj ec t of fi ce r cO

lil
pl
et as
hi s to ur ot ' du ty , or ot he rw is e se ve rs bi s re la ti on a w
ith th e A ir Fo rc e
be f'o re in ve at lg at io D J to
th e s.c tu aJ t'a ct s ha ve be en
(C O D ')

6.

~e

cu e ti le 8~uld pr ov id e yo u vi th va lu ab le gu id an ce and
in pu rs l1 al lc e of ' th is m at ta r. (UNCL)

as s

1 :I nc l
UFO Case F il e - 1s t L t
, To no pa h,

JO D G .
C ol on el , USAF
D ep ut y 0

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24 April 1958

1.

Colonel Eriksen, .t\FCUl-4Xl

Mr. Arcier

HEllORAlUIJM FOR

SUBJECl':

Special Investiga.tion - 1st Lt J. F. Long, AO-30286.40

I do not feel that the proposed OSI investigation is

necessa~y

for the

following I'easons:

a.

If the OSI detend nes that the subJect's ba.ckgrovnd does not

suggest any tendencies toward exaggerations or hoaxes l our present conclusions

the sighting are neither strengthened nor "lfeakened.
b. If the OS! determines that the subJect's ba.ckground does contain
indication which would suggest a definite tendency toward exaggerations or h01:' xes,
ATIC is then bC)lIDd to take some :follow-up action. Such action would be detrimenta."
to the individt1aJ concel'ned, and 'Would not pos~t1vely disppove the a1) eged sighting.

, I

c. The final pao1agraph of the report by Dr. Fitts seems to me to be

I recommend that this
an entirely acceptable conclusion in regard to this case.
conclusion be accepted and that the case be closed.

Inc1
Ltr to Dist CuK1r, 5th D1st Of:f
of Special Investigation

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H. K. GIIJ3~:RT
Colonel, USAF

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ME:',iQRANDmll FOR FIIE:

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Final Di3po8it.t.on'" ,, ~ .. tJFU Incident, Tonopah, Nevada, 23 Nov 57,

Source, 1st Lt ,J. F'. Long, AO-702,864U

SUBJECT:

1. PURPOSE: This memoran.1.1,lJD was prepa.red to summar1.ze the details

of the background and events of subj ect incident; and to provide an
official record of the developments and reasons leading to the uclosin gtl
of the case.
GF.N~"R AL

...

"

= .

BACKGROUND AND PERri'I NT"N T EVEN 'I' S:

a. Fit'st report of incident was received by MIG b y priority( F lash)

message, SWSIA-l1-517-57, T-57-31735. Telephonic request made to
He adquarte rs, AISS for a full-scale Investigati on because of the unusual
aSl~cts and circumstances.
b. Results of AISS invest1.gation received 22 January 1958 on
r
Air Intelllgence Informatlon Report - UFUB- /79-57, Detachment 10, 1006th
AISS.
'

c. A careful review and analysis of all inforillation and data

from Investi gators reports resulted in advanc1ng ~ the following probabi11ties and/or hY90the ses:
Opl;lcal I 1l,~si~n/Mis taken Identl,tz:

(1)

Source was extremely fatigue d; had just completed one

,
of the Air Force's most difficult courses, with its
known physical and mental demands; had travelled all
night w1th very little or no rest; and observed the
phenomena at a locatlon, time and. under condItions kno.vn
to pI'Oduce optical r:rrusions "or mistaldng co'nventfonal
things and phenomena for unusual Objects: flat desert
country, half-light of dawn, sun rising in fivnt of him;
ment ally and physically fatigued observer, his statement
to the contraI'Y not\vithstandlng. (InterrogatioIll conducted
on similar-type cases invariably show that observers
always state' that they "--felt fine - wide awake - not
tired -- It when questioned as to their physical condition.
Under no circumstances will they admit otherwiso.!)
A Deliberate ~oax: ,Justification for considering this

(2)

hypothesiS is supported by the following facts, based on

th..~ inv estigations and cal'efully corrlucted interrogations,
(a)

t 11

.
,

Incident happened only a few d ays after the nowll

famous "Levelland UFO Case which tri g:~, ered off ov er
400 almost similarly described UF O reports in three

week~~
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(c )

F am il ia r w it h sc ie nc e fi et lo n ,
"UFO" w ri te rs .

(d )

M ou th ed sa m e tl: 1. .re ad -w or n st at e me n ts us ed by
m aj or it y of ps eu do -s ci en ti B ts an d. "f ly ing sa u ce t
r
autho~s, i. e . no t of th is ea rt h
- pr op ul si on by
el ec tr o- m ag ne ti c fo rc es - b el ie v e th ey w er e sp
ac e
sh ip s.

(e )

Ba ck gr ou nd ch ec ks d is cl o se d so u rc e:
(1 )
(2 )
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(: ; )

.
.
.. . . . .
E xc ep t .f or
"c o n ta ct' as p ec ts , L t Lo ng ! s
d es cr ip ti on of th e in ci d e n t pa ra ll e ls th e" L '3 ve
ll an d
ca se ."
N ot e: sp ee di ng 80 m ph , i gn it lo n s ud d e n ly
st op s, he ar s hi gh -p it ch ed w hi ne , n o ti ce s oh je c
ts ,
ob je ct s em i t a lu m in ou s g lo w .
l . ...

(b )

_-

It

:f ly in r sa uc er " an d

A la es er ve O ff ic er - w i th pr ob ab i li ty of r e le as
e
u po n te r!ai.n a ti o n of h is cu rr en t to u r.
H ls ac ad em ic tr ai n in g an d ed uc at io n w as to
pr ep ar e hi m fo r TV a,,'"1.d re la te d w or k.
(C om m en t: So ur ce ca nn ot be co ns id er ed un aw ar e
of th e se n sa ti o n al in t e re s t an d lu cr at iv e
o p p o rt u n it ie s hi s st o ry w ou ld cr ea te in TV,
rru::l.io an i p re ss . Se e "A na ly st s co m m en ts "i n
ca se n 1 e re ga rd in g fJ l" e' Ja bl e m ot iv es fo r s t or y,
if ho ax .)
r n :.,:. , \ , \ ~( kr~

A ct u,9 .l" U nk no w n" C ra .f t: A lt ho ug h it ca nn ot be

co n cl u si v el y
pr ov ed th at ' tn e ob.io'c ts ob s er ve d w er e no t so m e
he
l'e
t
of
o
re
ll
"u nl m ow n c ra ft , th e i'o ll ow in.; t en d to in d ic at
e ot he 1" 1I 13 e:
",

(a )

(b )

(c )

...

f!

C he cks d is
e UFOs or an yt hi ng un us ua .l re p o rt ed
fr om an y: . ~~
ra d ar u rd ts th at sc an th e a ir
sp ac e ov er th e U .S . 24 ho ur s a da y fo r th at d at
e,
an d de :l !n .it el y n o t fr om th a t ar ea .
5"'/) J ': " d.A., ,.tr.'v
/
H i gh ly im ob ab e th at th re e (r e p or te d) so li d
O bj ec ts cu ld tr av er ;. s. U .S . a ir ap ac e w it ho ut
be in g pi ck ed up s' rJ a" tc ul -r en t ra d ar ca p ab il it i e s
ex te nd up to 3uOO m il e .'.).
No re-;> O l't s of an yt hi ng un us ua l :fr om m il l ta ry an
d
ci v l1 :. fl i g h ts , o p er at io n s, an d o the r a ct iv 1. t: l.e
s
in th e al 'e s, .
I

(d )

...' -

.N o re p o rt s fr om an y p er so ns o r d ri v er s in th at
ar e a
an d g en er al ti m e.
(C al l m ad e to Ne va da st a te Hi gr., ;ra y
D ep ar tm l 3n t w hi ch s ta te d th at th er e i3 al w ay s so
;n"::!
tr a ff ic on U .S . h le ;hw<1Y 96 an d 5 h ,h e r e t he in c:
l.de n t
to ok pl a. ce ) ; an d th at no on e 1'e po rt ed an y th tn ,
t~nu._uul
i'r om e it h e r th at s pe c if ic p la ce or an :! P9. l" t of
. A ri zp na th at d ay .)
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(l )

U nd er si gn ed o ff ic e r co ns id er ed it to th e b es t
in te re st s
of a ll co nc er ne d to ha ve th e en ti re :l nc id en t,
an d th e
re su lt s of th e
A ir F or ce ls in v es 'ti ga ti on s, a. na ly se s
an d co m m en ts (u p to th at po in t) be r e vi ew ed
an d
ev al ua te d fr om a ps yc ho lo gi ca l p o in t o f vi ew be
fo
re
m ak in g an y d ef in i te co nc lu si on s or re co m men di n
g fu rt h e r
ac ti o n s.

(2 )

A v is -a -v is ps yc ho lo gi ca l e;.:.am l n at lo n o f th e s
ou rc e,
co nc ur re nt w 1t h h is re po rt w as no t co n1 :li de re d
ad vl sH bl e.

(3 )

D r. P au l M . F it ts , D ep ar tm en t of .P sy ch ol og y, Oh
io S ta te
U ni ve rs it y vi as co nt ac te d an d th e C 8 se fi le tu rn
ed
ov
er
to hi m fo r p er ti n en t c o!a.rnents an d re co m men d st io
n s.

(4 )

(5 )

D r. F it ts w as se le ct ed fo r th is re vi ew on th e ba sl s of
h is
ex pe rl en ce w it h ill 'O ca se s, ha vi n g p re v io u sl y
pe rf or m ed 21 2 an al ys es of UFO ca se s .1' or th e A ir ' F or ce
.
e.
~ J.,..1,."",
Su m m ar y of D r. F 1 tt s' Co m m en ts an d Recomm~ndati
ons:

(a )

Th e re p o rt ha s m an y of th e ch ar ac te ri st ic s of
d el ib er at e ho ax es an d p y h o -p at h o lo g ic al ca se s.

(b )

T he re 1s co m pl et e la ck of ob se rv a ti o n o f sp ec l1
'lc
\'l as ve l'' '''
J
hi s
st a te m e n ts .

(c )

M os t li k e ly co nj ec tu re : ro ad hy pn os is du e to
ex ce ss Iv e fa ti g u e an d lo ss o f sl ee p w ho im ag in
e
se ei ng ob j ac ts ah ea d 0 f th em .
(M an y w el .l do cu m en te d
ca se s, an d is m os t ll k el y to oc cu r on lo ng d es
er t
ro ad s, an i es p ec ia ll y at n ig h t. )

(d )

C on cl us io ns : M is ta ke n id en ti ty or co nf us io n in
p e rc ep ti o n ; pr es en t ev id en ce no t co ns id er ed
co nc lu si ve j an d hi gh ly sk ep ti ca l (o f th e ac tu sl
in ci de nt ).

(e )

R ec om m en da t :i .o ns : An ho ur -b y- ho ur in v es ti g at io n
an d
an al ys ls of L t L on g' s a c ti v it ie s d u ri n g th e 72
-h ou r
pe ri od pr ec ed in g th e re p o rt ed si g ht in go

RECO ,

DE D COUR SE S OF ACTT ON, .AND PU SS I BL E CO NS EQ UE NC

:::;S
OF
EA
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.
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U po n r? "i c w o f D r. Fl tt: !J ~ l:'ep o rt th e ,f,ol lo v/ in
c
ou
rs
es
01
' ac ti o n w er e
o
in fo rm al ly o u tl in ed dUL':l.ng a , co nf er -e nc e/ he ld
w it h :C r. Mil e y , C hi ef , Ai r
S ci en ce D iv ls io n , ar i!. l.i r. 1. 1" 'c ie r, S ci e n ti fi c A
dv ls or , N rI C ,
,
/J,~ffiID; th e po sR ib Ie co ns eq ue nc es o<'~'~rlp'JCific
ac ti o n ta ke n;
a
recol'i~!l endation th at th e ca se b e re
vi ew ed by Ge n er a l Wa ts on an d h is st a ff ,
o r H ea dq ua rt er s USAF fo r a co m m an d de c1 31 on :
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Cons eque n~e:'H I

t e st would definitely eotabU s h if s ub ject was lyin g or waa dlsposed
towards exs.g[,erat l e, n or hoaxe3. I f he a,= tual1y be liGved h e s aw t he three
atr ang e objects ( b ecause of f ati g ue, r09.d hypnos1.s , e tc.) t he cas e
woul d r emaln ine-onclus:t v e , with t he obs e rve rfs story bei n g s tren i'; t hened ,
wi t h the probability of anger and r esentme nt t o'lrard s t he Air F orce on
the part of subject.
b. / Cl03e/ the cas e with the stronge r 01' the two hypothesiS
"
\'
adv anced i ndepe ndently by A'l'I C and Dr. Fitts as the co nclu si on : Mistaken
identity caused by fatigue, road b..,yIlllosis, etc. ( See 2c(1) ani 2d(5 ).
Gon se quen.::eo: Future reviewers cit F,""!. ,j~,~l;o .NjJ JTl.l g ht con sider the Ai r
F orce's cor-elusions totally unac eeptable l and qu e stion the l'e a son for not
following-up Sio!i" support of . t he conclusions.
',1'

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cl;s .~i"o"..A

c. Bequest a discreet, full-scale OSI inve ati t";atl on of Lt Long 's

actl " ns, where abouts, t e rxieneles, am physic a l a.nd mel'ltal condition llrd
other aspe cts for the per:i.od pr e c e ding his s:lghtJ.lI2; , to provid e the Ail'
For-ce with further, factual or confirming infor ma t ion nec essa ry to form
more valid conclusions> COll se quences:
(1) If t he investlg ation supports
the "fatigue-l'oad hypnosis-bpblca1 illusion\) hypotheses, the officer
woLtld prob ably accept t he findings, and the Air F orce cm clusi ons would
be streng thened. (2)
If inv e sti gations di sc lo s e deliberate atte mpt s
at hoaxes, exaggerations or publ1elty seeki ng for personal g ain at a
later dat e , le g al aetton against the officer :nig r,t be necessary, with
pJ:'obahle adverse public ity to the Ai r B'orce, as well as an opportunity
for "UPO Clubs! desiring to ex ploit the 8i tuatlon.

SiJW,ffiRY - OP
INCIDZNT
A!ID DECISION : .
'
,
. .FOR GENT<RAL WA'l' SON
.
---

4.

a. Based on conversations b e tween Col Eriksen and Mr. Arcier, a

brief summary of the case was requested by Mr. Areier to b e submit t e d to
General wa tson for~eview, upon which to base a. decision.
~;...

_-

viewed by Col Eriksen, Deputy Coml:aroer,

direct
0
investigation.,.Pr't "",,,,,,,-,.

_...... b.,
General Watson's absenc

. ..

C .~..oUgh draft of

inve~;ti g ati

on reque 3ted by

Mr. Arc 1e ;'.

d. :t::raft fOJ:' uSI in'esti g ation re .v:L.ewe(l ~ ~ nd informally u ~prov e d

by Col Eril::3en on DD Form 95, 15 il.pril 1958 , with instructlons to prepare
fin a l letter.
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FINAL ACTIO,,; AND DIS p uSITlml :

5.

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a.

Final letter to OS1 for full-scale investi g ation 3ubml tt; ed

throu gh channels for coordination and f in al appro'Jal on 2 1 Aprll 19 58
, ~ 11:"> \,, ~ <to -,'b. Non-concu r'renee to proposed OSI o;C'r TJr:oh mad e by Co l Gilber t,
with memoran du,lT1 to col Eriksen outlinlng r e asons for the nonc onc tlr re!1ce ,
with r e commer.ilations re g a r ding disposition of cuse o

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c. D is cu ss i on s he ld
-' Mr." 'A rc ne r 3 m C ol E ri ks en , an d
su bs eq ue nt ly w it h C ol G il b er t re ga rd in g th e m at
te r on 25 A pr il 19 58
.-:,at
s ta ch ed . to -- ATI'C- 'le t be'r to e9 r} ' (

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d: "C on fe re nc e' :. w it h D r. M il ey an d Ca pt G re g or y,
m
or
ni ng 1 May
19 58 , in fo rm al ly no t1 .f 1e d , th a t pr op os ed in v es ti
g
at
io
n
w
as
g
iv
en
re c on si d er at io n , an i th at th e ca se be cl os ed w it h A TI C
an d D r. F it ts ' o ri g in al
co ro lu si en s.
. ,t l i ~l\.(lll ' ;"A'

e. U SI le tt e r, A FC IN -4 E m em or an du m to D ep ut y Comm an
de r, 'a nd DD
FO I'I il 95 c on fi rm in g it em d. ab ov e, w it h ad de
d re co m m en da

ti
on th at an
o ff ic ia l re c. or d be m ad e I?f th e ;!U lt, te r fl r p o ss
ib
le
fu tu re u se , re ce iv ed
7 May 19 58 . (~ I) I> r: ~', "i ., / 1Yl .c( . '~"Jl--tt::. cl..v,

f. C as e cl os ed w it h co py of th is m em or an du m in
th
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GEOR GE T . GREGORY
C ap ta in ,
USAF
A ir S C Ie nc es D iv is io n

R ev ie w ed :
,

1.

2.

.: A . rill
AF C IN -4 E4

D at e .:2 0
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SmMARY OF TONOPAH, NEV.,mA. UFO nrCIDENT

FOR

WAXSON

G~'ER6I,

,
,

l.. Priority report received on 24

1957 that an Air Force
pilot haA encountered four (4) SO-C'illc:d "tl.y1ng saucers" early in tbe
n:ol"n1 ng 0'[ the preceding d:A\I, Wes t of Tonopah, Neys'tlll,j had obDerved it
closely; in fact, a~r')8ched within 50 feet of the object berOIe it
ascende<l and dis appe '\ , ed.
,

2. Nunieroua UFO reports frolll pilots

aircre."s du-dOO the 11.\3t
ten (l.0) yeal's observed in the air, but no instance
of any
"contact" by ot.hervise qual-iried mi11t81'Y personnel.
AlX:
~raa reqU6.ted to
1>Qiiladiate ful.l-dresa 1nvestig~\;ion, and report to
ATIC in detail.

3.

of 'tal3 report

A revie'll and

ind1ca:~d

the follOYing:

a.

Officer bad a bac:kgc"o\!Dd and a't.uMes in Speech, and

related subjects tor TV work.

b.

Waa :tAl." liar vith names of Y:!ll-lmo'IID sci-nee-fiction

and "flying :J.aucllr" vritera.

c.

the
cl s a8ic arguments of "saucer" bel.ienrs
that the obj!:cts vere space sbips, i.e., did. not resClible
any dea:l.gg
to bim, etc.

d.

Ha is a

e.

He J"st
the very rigid mAF SUl'vlval. Course at
Stead AF
the day
; left
, and drO'l"C
all night en i oute to Laa Veg....

officer, with the pos3ibil.1ty that be may

cOl!lplete biB tour of duty with the Air Force in the very
near fUtncc, and waul.d probab~ enter into T'I work.
res~lYC

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Chaco sbow no UFO'. or Any leport of ,musual objects froll

radar, GOC, trllltary and civil. flight and other operations frcta that tuea.
no reports l"'!"QF any other persona in the l.oca l j ty.

1-

5.

A'!'.lC evaluation: (a) ", 'P robabl.y mistook conventional. objecta

becauae of fatigue f'x0iA driving all. night and the mental strain f"rOIl the
recently eoriipleted survi val course, coup19d~, th the hal f -ligat. of claW'll
w1cls orten play weird. tricks on the eyes, or (b) Do dellcer",ta hOl\X.

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of Tonopah, Nevada UFO Incident For' General Wa.tson (Continued)

6.

III either event, the COnC1U31on s were conBidered oatlsf'actory.

,

7. The case file

waa
to a vell-known p'a ychologist
UFO slghtings. His cO/IIII8nts pars l l eled those
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\/bo had
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gated with yieY of obtaining certain pertinent infolU""tlon to resolve
the cue.. ibis ww.d requiJ: e the services of' the OSl.

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and
to the Air Force would be
incal.culllble, if, this off'1.cer a1 1 led
with the boat of Ii flying
vriteX'S, expert., and others who barrage the A:l.r Force with
conntl.ea. charge. end accusations. In thia instance, as matters now
the Air Force would have no effect!ve rebuttal, or evidence to
charges.
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(S6CURITY INI'ORl'tfAT10H

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Colonel. USAF

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FORM 112

_ _ __ _- ,_ __ __ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ _

I;:;S;,:m.0B-7;9-57 '.,

3
RT ONE_
- LPA
_ _____
PAG O

D.. tac ilD"'''t. 10, lc06th JUSS .

LID1(}...UFOB-2-57
__________ : _ _",
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,
I . SOURC~I Jos~p~F. Long, lst _Lt, USA?, AO 3 028640

__ _
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Addl"88S1

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321st Fightel ,Int.erceptor Squadron, ADC
Paine Air F'o'C'O .. 'a'''I~
E-rarett, ;1a3hington

' .

( N" t .. ; SCURC::: '.-rill be at above address atter 18 Jan 58 . He is pres ent.ly

I on d t'tlay .'nrout e 3~a~U8 during a permanent change of st.ation f!'Ol1I Na"ca :!ltls
County Ail'por-t. Hi""ingtcn, Dd. where his t OHler unit, th03 97th Fighter.
Int''1'c,,.,tor Sq , """3 de acti .. ated.)

Oc cu!)A tion :

lst Lt, USA?, Interceptor Pilot

Education: 8 Yrs g rad. s chool tr 1 1'S high Bchoo 1, 4 3 1 "

colla.~ .. bc I ud1ng OO '!'C. SOUR~ studied 3pe .. C" and rtllated. subjectJ"for "ubs equent. 'lion at TV
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All-we ather ins t rument. s chool, f Iling

t raining , qualifie d in F-94 and 1-33.

II

II , RELI."'-l!!lIT'l': SGUlICE a ppeared intellig en t , and h .. '''as f rie ndly and

coo p;orat1va. Initially he appeared somewhat. nervous, but. it is belie ved
t :,at t h h wae du .. to hia uncertaint y a 3 to how hi3 information ..ould be 1 ,,c ~hed.
i,lIi!1n it baca_ anpaMn~_
to hi:n ~,hat the inter'li" " .. r received . his

i nCo~Ation with unbiased L~terest., his nelvousnaS5 left hL~, and he p!ee~ntad
hi;) a c connt of the incident without hesitation. He ans"e t 3d a ll follo ...-up
que:5-tions wiJiingly. One ttd.."\or L"lconeistancy occurs in thIS l"!t)XIrt.: SOUP.cE
d ."w (.\ s:<etch of t he top view of on .. of the object~. Hhile he probAbly
","anr. t his to be a top Tiew of the objects a s he i.1Iagined it (r.n"r act.ually
harl.."~ 39"n the object. frolll the top), it ,:cald efH'II' WOf8 logical ' bad h" .
d r!l"fl ' '1 bottom viel<', since he did sea t he objects pa~elng a)oosti dil""Jctl:T
a'oo~ hUl (SO it). During the lat.ter part of the intervhw, while working
on SQUtlC!<'s narrat.1"., d.scription of the incid!Jftt, hi;, cODiliandL"lg oat car and
his adjutant.-- wele preaent in the room. Bot.h s poke favorabl;r or' SOURCE's
:.'oilit;r as a righter pilot. and of hie c narae'ter . His- C.O. passed "",ark" '
to the 8~reet that he, for one. belie,ed SOURCE. althougb he hi'3el! had
n dfft'r' " a de atr) lJFC9 tJightings.
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PART ONE

th at Ilp pe are d he mi sp he ric al: ' in sh ap e, ab ou t tllO . (2 )

fe et in di am ete
da rk l!I atl !lr ial .
es.t 1m ta d th e he ig ht ot th e ob jec t.s
I f,v el to th e to p C'fI,.the dome t.o be ab ou t te n (10 )' tofit te en (IS )
Th e oh je ct 3 "'! Ire eq ui pp ed wi th " , rin g ar ou nd th e ou tsl
d! l th at '''' s
tr. &I1 th e re st of th e cr at t an d was ap pa re nt l,. ro tat i.t
'lg . \,h en
'ri th L" l fi lt y (5 0) fo et 01 th! l ne an st ob je ct , th e hU
lll, wh ich ha d be
th e ai r e~er si nc e he fi ls t ob se rv ed th e ob jec t.s , in
creas~d in pi
de~~e "h er e i t al1llost. hu rt hi s ea rs ,
an d th e ob ja ct s li lt ed of f .},
Th e pr ot! 'tl di ng g" ,ar s we re re tn ct ed ili dll ed lat .. ly af te
r ta ke of t, tb e
t~3e nb ou t fi rt 7 (;0 ) fse~ in to th e ai r and
, proc~eded slo~ly (a bo ut
~o th e no rth , ac ro ss th e hi gl n, ay , co nt
ou re d OV l'lt' some sm al l hi lls
a ha lt (~) m ila aw ay , an d di sa pp ea re d be hi nd t.h os e hi ll
s. As th e
pa aa..d di re ct lj 07 "r SOURCE, he obseM<!td no eviden
c~ of an y sm ok e,
t. ,a il,. he at , dls~ur'oance t.o th e gr ou nd or te :-r ai n,
or an y vi 3i bl e
oZ- la nd in g ge ar dO OM , or an ;r ot he r ou tli ne s or op en in gs on
th
e
bo t.
Th e to ta l ti: ue o~ si gh tin s la st ed ab ou t. t"''!lllt.y (2 0)
mi l1 ut es . Af te r
jJ et s di ss P9 8a re d, SOURCE ~xamined th e pl ac e wh ere he ha d
fi rs i
th e gl' Ou nd . Th er e '~aa no ev id en ce tha i;. an y he at
ha d be en pi 63 en t 1
th e g ro un d ha d be<m distllY"~d in an y ot .h er wa y ot he r
th an s ev er al
lm p t .~seions L" th e sa nd wh er e t.h e la nd in g ge ar s ha
d ob vio ul! Ily re
i:np!. 50551on3 we re ve ry sh al .lo v a.nd bo~l-shaped, tri an
gu la r- in
,~r, u~lly aid ed tri an gl !l) .
SOURCE di d no t measwi:'s th e di sta nc e be
imp!. e~"ionl!l, bu t es tim at. ed it. to ~ ,-,Dout ei gh t (a )
to te n (1 0)
hi s in ve st ig at io n ot th e im pr es sio ns , SOURC~ re tu rn ed to
hi s ca r,
en Bi n .. s ta rte d ill1f:tddiate1.T an d ra n pe rf ec tly . The ea
r SO URCE '''l~
-..as a 1956 Ch lW l"O let , an d he ha d no t e.q.. er ie nc ed a troubl
~ of s
b .. fo re or ot te r t.h e in ci de nt . At t he ti.' !:8 ot 3i gh tin
g, SOURCE ta d
[ro m RZNO , Ne'7 . to th e po in t of si gh tin s du rin ll; th e
ni gh t an d ha d
fo r a M ut two (2 ) ho ur s in hi s ca r be tw ee n 24 CO hr1J
aOl d 02 00 hl'll
!lO IS da y.
SOU:tCZ ha d ha d no in to xi ca nt a or no y sl ee p- re ta rd in
z
dc sc~bed hi s ph~ical co nd iti on at tim
e ot sightL~g as ex ce lle nt .
ci 3h tin g, SOmtCE pr oc ee de d to INDIAN SPP.INCS AFll, Ne
T. , ..,hel"5 he re
3i~ htil1g to' th e Ba se Se cu rit y O fti ce r.
'
Th e til lle s of da y re fe rr ed to ab ov e ar e gi ,", n in Pa c1
!io
.\t. t.1:ne of si gh tin g it _ . da yl ig ht , bu t: th e su n
was st il l be hi nd
'r., ,. Sl1 n, _ s ,ab ou t to ri .e :tn, fr on t 01 .SOURCE. Th ere
we re . no ' st ar s
T~el G I<f&S no 0., e1 c:a st.
Th e we ath er wa s d1 7', ra~her co ld , an d t
' rin d. Th er e ~G", no ot- he r w1 tn en es to th e ob~~rvat
1on to th e
;:no ...le dg s.

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