meine alent Orbiting Soudontongeave ‘ Sekar © OSes +. 5 : 1. Introduction u Placement and Resource: 2.1. Requirements... 2.2 Possible locations. 2.3. Taking resources into account. 2.4. How to exploit resources (Scouts and Transporters) 2.5 A quick look at the future.. I, Key components. 3.1 Construction methods.. 3.2 Infrastructure... 3.2.1. AMOS's layout. 3.2.2 Residential area structure 3.2.3. House dimensions and displacement... 17 3.2.4 The “elevators”. 3.2.5 Air and water 3.2.6 Transport. 3.3 Living conditions. 3.4 Agriculture. 3.4.1 Plant: 3.4.2 Animals 3.5. Recyclin 3.6 Anti radiations shield. IV. Energy... 4.1 Nuclear fusion reactor.. 4.2 Solar energy. Vv. Human resources. 5.1 People’s opinion about space settlements... 5.2 About the settlement inhabitants. 5.3 Education. 45 5.4 Politic: 5.4.1 Guilds.. wyvaun 10 33 38 ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon: biting Settlement Page 2vl vil. vill. xl. xi. 5.4.2 Settlement’s Center Council 5.4.3 The Xenon Project. 5.4.4 Ordinary people and politics. 5.4.5. Justice of ordinary people. 5.5 Recreational activitie Gravitation. 6.1 Motivation. 6.2 Butterflies in Space ... 6.3 Explanation of the shape.. 6.4 Consequences of the circular shape.. Research. 7.1 Experiments inside AMOS. 7.2 LISA-inspired interferometer... Artificial intelligence. 8.1 The Mega computer 8.1.1 Security. 8.1.2 Applications 8.1.3 Communications system. 8.2 Robots. Tourism. 9.3. The Japanese garden. Costs. Future development. References... Settlement 51 55 57 65 71 73 75 Page 3SE PES raneseeaiat ‘of Computer ience 1 Introduction Space exploration has always been one of the most interesting subjects of research. Many great discoveries have been made by the scientists from NASA, but the best way to find out more interesting things is to be closer to them. AMOS- Advance Moon Orbiting Settlement is a settlement made to explore the surrounding area of the natural satellite of Earth. People from almost all fields of activities will be brought to compose this big community of 5700 inhabitants. Engineers, doctors, journalists, scientists, teachers and many others will take part in this “adventure” of living into space. Because of the global economical crisis, our settlement was made in the most economical way possible and in a smaller scale than the previous settlements. We also approached the challenge s ically, starting from the calculations and science facts, like our calculation of the gravity and also of the distance to which one can see. The placement was thought so that it won't be too far from Earth, so that the costs won't be very high and people could return on our planet in case of emergency. ‘Also, the area near the Moon gives us many opportunities for research. A great idea was ig the black holes, a modern subject which has raised many controversies. AMOS was design so that it would assure all the necessary comfort for our people. They will have everything they need, even a “virtual window” which will show them images from Earth is case they become home sick. The layout of the settlement has been designed in order that the people won't feel the gravity difference. Also, the differences of g will help us in research and in tourism. Nature won't be neglected. Inhabitants will benefit of environmental friendly surroundings. The Japanese Garden will beautify the settlement. Alimentation, nut will be organized by the special application. Most of the food will be made as own production thanks to the agriculture and the animal growth. Artificial intelligence will be a plus to AMOS. Everything will be controlled by a Mega Computer, which will have under its order hundreds of robots, for each job. Life will get in this way much easier because the chores are made by these virtual helpers, leaving humans to work on their tasks. The educational system will be well developed. In this way, the future generation will be well trained to take the tasks of the previous ones, making further research. a ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 4il. Placement and Resources 2.1 Requirements One of the hardest issues that we have come ac our settlement. Because practicality is cru y_long timed journeys, fact that won't be orbit would be pointless (due to ven Vaso omen ross was deciding where to locate cial, a placement beyond our Moon's solved in the near future).That being said, we will stick to our planet's “surroundings”. 2.2 Possible locations On this base, we have analyzed several locations: -Low Earth Orbit (LEO) would be a very good choice because it is very close to Earth and AMOS will take advantage of microgravity, as used on the International Space _ Station. Although, this placement is not very stable and energy will be consumed on solving this situation. -Geostationary Orbit (GEO) is more stable and even if it is 35,000 km above sea level, it still remains relatively close to Earth. -Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO) is an elliptical orbit that varies ‘'AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page Seee | Coa ren Tenn beuaeenteoy ‘yeaa between a low-altitude perigee and a high altitude apogee. This drew our attention because of its unusual “eight” shape, but even though it is interesting, a placement on it won't be stable and accidents can occur very easy. (Sirius Radio Satellite uses this orbit) -Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) is located between 2, 000 and 35,000 km above sea level and offers an “environment” similar to that on the GEO. Some of these possibilities seem relevant, but the problem is that they are very crowded and putting another spaceshig there is nat the answer. So, let’s go on to the Lagrange [i Fic 2.2.3—Medium Earth Orbit Points (L4 and LS). In 1722, Joseph-Louis Lagrange proved that a relatively small object forming an equilateral triangle with the Earth and the Moon, will remain in the same place in regard to the Moon, and follow it on its “journey” around Earth’s orbit. This idea should solve our problems. It is very stable if you can achieve the exact point, but if you don’t, it would be a disaster. Moreover, itis very far from both Moon and Earth. 2.3 Taking resources into account So far, we can’t really say that we are satisfied with these choices, but | think we are missing a very important point: resources. The most important thing is to use very little materials from Earth, because the last thing to do in these times is pushing our planet to its limits. On the other hand, Earth has the answer too. In fact, a very big and unexploited one: The Moon. It’s certain that we can use Mars too, but what's the point when we have the solution 200 times closer. The lunar surface is composed of “Maria” or “seas” in Latin, formed by ancient volcanic eruptions. The name was given by the first astronomers that had actually mistaken them with seas. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 6eee as contents ES anconeal ‘of Computer The Highlands is the name given to the light-colored surface of the Moon, because they are higher than most Maria. The lunar soil contains lots of elements similar to those from Earth: Elements Composition of Maria(%) | Composition of Highlands (%) ‘Alumina (Al;03) 149 24.0 Iron oxide (FeO) 14.1 59 Magnesia (MgO) 92 75 Titanium dioxide (Ti0;) 39 06 Silica (SiO;) 45.4 45.5 ‘Sodium oxide (Na;0) 06 06 ‘We will use each of these elements at the highest rate possible, so we won't take from Earth more than is vital. The main structure and actually 95% of AMOS will be made of Aluminum and Iron. As for the isolations, Glass Fiber will be used. Earth’s soil is very important for human beings and it will be copied using the vast amount of Silica from Moon's surface. Moreover, NASA’s project using Hubble to scan the lunar surface for materials will lead us exactly to our searching points. 2.4 How to exploit resources (Scouts and Transporters) Until now, everything looks perfect. We have the ingredients right there, on the Moon. It should be easy ..Well, not exactly. The biggest problem is actually the lack of atmosphere on our planet's satellite. In consequence, we can’t extract for example Aluminum from Alumina without heat. Heat is generated by fire, and fire can’t exist ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 7e OS itional High School eon ose without oxygen. Therefore, we need more preparations. Let’s start with the beginning. Before transforming elements, we have to acquire them. This process will be similar to that known on Earth as mining. A couple of years before the construction phase begin, a few teams (consisting of people and robots) will be sent to different locations on the lunar surface. Each ‘team will have a goal of achieving one type of material for the future space settlement. For example: team 5’s mission will be extracting. Alumina. After doing so, they will convert it attached to their spaceship. This factory “Scouts”, due to their preconstruction purpose. Fie 2.4.2—Scout ito Aluminum using an Aluminum factory I be relatively small, so preparation phase won't cost very much. The spaceships on which the teams will be sent are called Fig 2.4.3 ~ Transporter ( Rear View ) | Fig 2.4.4—Transporter ( Front View ) Moon’s orbit will ensue rapidly. After 5 years, the first step will be finished. A signal will be sent to Earth, informing us that the materials are ready. From this moment, we will send other spaceships, called “Transporters”, that are practically Meant to carry the vital parts from Earth (including the skeleton and the computer system). AMOS is thought on the “LEGO” idea and therefore, the “Transporters” won't be excessively big. Moreover, the assembling on the ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 8SCO Seni ea uansoneal yeti urcemsstanes oti 2.5 A quick look at the future Using this idea, we will be able to construct our space settlement on the Moon without exhausting Earth’s resources and in the end, the take off will be nearly costless due to the lack of gravity. Finally, AMOS will orbit around the Moon, being at the same time home for lots of people, and because of its laboratories and space development center, the first step of a journey to the unknown ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 9BER REE EEE ERE Cr aE SPSS Pao Siena eaaeaes Ill Key components 3.1 Construction method Motivation We will have in mind the construction of the settlement in the most efficient way (cost- effective), but also safe for the people involved. The craft should offer a hospitable place, in order to establish a nice atmosphere, necessary for life. Modern and best quality materials will be used, providing comfort and efficiency. ‘We will combine the useful with the aesthetic. The construction of the settlement on Earth would involve major problems when leaving its atmosphere. That is why we chose as construction point the nearest celestial body, the moon. Because of the big expenses of transporting the materials into space, we decided to extract the raw material, like iron ore, from the moon. Also, oxygen is found in abundance, in titanium and iron oxides. The rest of the necessary materials will be sent from Earth or, later, from other places of the Solar System. Meth. First, we will install a temporary settlement on the moon. It will have a personal of maximum 20 qualified and well trained workers. The effective work will be done by robots. They will install the first_mining modules, prefabricated on Earth, Actual mining operation is described in the section devoted to mining. Storage dedicated sectors, metal processing and assembly plants will be ‘AMO: Page 10Seren Putting on orbit In order to be able to reach the Moon, ‘our spacecraft must pass from the initial orbit to a tangent one, and then to the final orbit. After launching the spaceship, it will follow (and circle) Earth's orbit. For this we will accelerate it until it reaches the first cosmically speed. Next it will continue by passing on a tangent elliptic one. After completing this one as well, it will follow it's journey's final orbit, the Moon's. Fie 3.1.2— ort To get to the orbit around the moon, we will accelerate the settlement with a tangential speed to the celestial body, equal to its first cosmically speed. We know g, 62/2 and R=1,738 km. Therefore, V=\/go * R=1,68*™/, Corea nEnREPvREEnITETUiEEeTIEI EEE ane ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 11ceva orb ereeseaay OTe aesetees aos 3.2 Infrastructure 3.2.1 AMOS’s layout Our space station will be divided in three parts: Fie 3.2.1 — Station lavout Residential zone: Touristic ea ~ scleral area Main ting ares ( Aaruitural reo Fig 3.2.2~ Cylinder Structure coe ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Pageloans OSS Tal Cree cassettes The residential zone will have a cylinder form, with the raze of 300m and the height of 79 m. It will be divided in: The mi 2176755 m? ing zone with a surface of 148,836 m?, height of 15m and a total volume of The agriculture zone with a surface of 141,394 m? , height of 30 m and a volume of 4018620 m?, The touristic zone with a surface of 126,510 m’ 6207625m 3 » height of 55m and a volume of The scientific zone with a surface of 99,224 m? and a volume of 9,922,400 m 3, Totally we have a 515964 m? surface and a 22,325,400 m 3 volume. We will also add the sphere situated ,”above”, the au: and water. ry zone for stocking oxygen The transfer zone will have a 20m height and a 250m raze. Sector Residential main living auxiliary Subsector] _area__| agricultural | touristic | scientific| _ storage Height 15 30 55 200 40 Surface | 148836 | 141394 | 126510 | 99224 | 282600 Volume | 2176755 | 4018620 [6207625 | 9922400 | 5652000 Page 13,nc oaVenne OSE ranbsenaay Industrial area Metal proces a ght nds | | | Fig 3.2.3 ~ Industrial and Storage Area The industrial zone will be represented by a regulated hexagon with the diagonals of 800m and the height of 90m, having 6 extensions with the latitude of 50m. The total surface of the settlement will be 240,000m. In the center of the industrial zone will be the fusion reactor .A triangular sector will have a volume of 5542562m? and an auxiliary sector with a 1300000 m® volume .We will divide the hexagon in the following six parts: 2 parts dedicated to the processing of the metals on the Moon or on other sites. 2 parts dedicated to the storage of different objects 1 part dedicated to the ship building ss —_— ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 14Soave OE SSE Dicom ateaeene 1 part dedicated to the light industry, producing all kinds of goods, but also Producing aliments and repairing all the defect objects of the people on the station. The auxiliary zones will be divided in: 1 spatial port, operating different destinations and another one in the shipbuilding sector. 4 zone of auxiliary stocking dedicated to the respective sectors. Sector Industrial aux Subsector | Processing | shipbuilding | storage _| storage | industry | spaceports Height in m 80 80 80 50 80 50 Surface inm?_| 138564 69282 __| 138564 | 80000 | 69282 | 40000 Volume inm3 | 11085120 | _5542560_| 11085120 | 5200000 | 5542560 2600000 3.2.2 Residential area structure When we designed the AMOS city plan we had in mind space effectiveness. Therefore, the plan resembles the one of New York, not so spectacular, but very effective. Even though it is just a small settlement, it’s structure looks like a little town. AMOS's city is 74,418 square meters, equivalent of 25 soccer fields. The central area is 126m by 79 m and contains a central square, a hospital, the politic and administrative building, the mall, the park, the school and a social center. In the central square are located the elevators that transport people and materials from this level to superior level and vice-versa, and also a statue of the station made from recycled materials, to remind them of the importance of their mission for the future of humanity. AMO: ing Settlement Page 15 \dvanced Moon:Seaver TPT Panicertryt Cromer ing we find the workspace for the administrators and politicians of the station. Here we also find the mega computer. Because the commercial system is based on the home-order system, the Mall is like a showroom of goods and objects. The normal gravitation game room, the cinema and other recreation rooms are located in the Mall. The Park is just a relaxation zone, a place for a chilling walk before work. For this reason, we placed several speakers around the park, to play relaxing music. This park is just a small one, because we want to save space for homes. The big park is located in the touristic level and it's called the Japanese Gardens. The residential area is 816 meters by 79 meters. There are 5 “horizontal” streets and 31 vertical streets. Every street is 3 meters wide. It is so narrow in order to save space. It will only allow for the circulation of the movement robots. ‘That configuration creates 120 groups of houses. Every group is 24m by 16 m and each ‘one of them containing 6 houses on the first level and another 6 houses on the second level. 408m 126m 408m | 79 161 24m 942m 126m ——tt_: - 55| eC ma | |70 an Fig 3.2.4~ Resider \dvanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 16aeons & SE arbsenteay . ONES re 3.2.3 House dimensions and displacement Concept Radieede a —— — Pig 2 soda eee Fig 3.2.5 ~ Hose Components and Dimensions The houses from AMOS will be built in order to use the space in the most efficient way we can, but also to insure its inhabitants with the necessary comfort. We will build them based on the idea of making people to spend less time on the chores. Thereby, for ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 17TERRE eee eee “oan Boerne Cea ancasetntes example, the time wasted on shopping will be saved. The green tube contains pipes for electrical energy, water and gazes, but also a special pipe which delivers the food, drinks and clothes which had been ordered previously from the special computer built in each home, using the soft MyOrder. Using the red tube, litter and used water will be thrown out of the building, being sorted and transported each in the recycling system. Also, from the same tube, clothes and dirty objects, which travel to the nearest laundry cleaner, and are sent back after through the green tube. Most importantly, the house cleans itself, through the air filters located near the floor and the walls, working similar to vacuum cleaners. Every family has allocated a nuithber-of points (some sort of money), based on which they can order food and other assets, necessary for life. Also, the computer has in it a nutrition program, named MyDiet, which based on the order given by each family, provides graphics and diagrams with the food items from the nutrition. It shows lack or excess of aliments, giving even tips for a Htalthy living. The time spent when washing will be now two times more useful because in the shower is built a very complex radiography device. It will scan the body and cerebral capacities, detecting the signs of any disease, or even of fatigue, developing as well graphics and giving advice, using the program MyHealth. Medical issues are classified automatically: ALFA code for minor problems (caused by the environment or by nutrition); BETA code for exclusive body issues (cuts or muscle problems); GAMA code for easy mental disorders (exhaustion, stress); DELTA code for minor , but which can worsen in time; EPSILON code for major physic issues (broken legs or bones); ZETA code for diseases which need urgent medical interventions; ETA code for major psychic issues (amnesia, madness); THETA code for infectious diseases, case in which the quarantine state triggers automatically. Based on the diagnosis given, the program can order by itself the necessary drugs or can alert the health system on the settlement, using the numbers of cases registered and the gravity of the issue. This way, with the study of diseases people suffer, we can figure out the minuses of the settlement and we can improve it. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 18PEEP Ee ground | 2,5m fig. 2. 1st floor 2,5™M | Fie3.2.6~ House Interior oc Oa gennyares & OE TaRSe ay Cremer if someone wants to cook using the food received, he can do it simply using the recipes projected on the wall and the vocal guide which can be activated through the MyRecipie program. Another important quality of the houses is the bonding they can settle, at visual level only, with mother Earth. In this way, the windows can be set to remain normal, transparent so that the inhabitants can see what is happening in their “neighborhood”, or they can pass to “virtual window” mode, to show different places from Earth in digital format. Even the sound from that place can be faked by some speakers. This way, residents can be relieved of the stress of not being on Earth. In the images shown by the windows, people can modify the angle, the contrast, the colors, and even the weather (they can add more sun, rain, snow}, using the MyVirtualWorld, The house can remind you of the daily important business you have to handle, if you have stored your personal information in MyReminder and is announced by the same application if an important news happens on the settlement. Of course, the communication between the members of the settlement is very important. Using the program MyFriends, between any two or more houses it is made a video- conference in real time. Virtual date can be sent, like photos, documents and even graphics of health and diet. Also, through the green tube you can send objects, like in a real mail-system. The temperature and humidity can be changed using vocal command or the MyHouse applic ——— ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement ‘Page 20SAS 3.2.4 “Elevators” Barat En enon For making the connection between the part where people live and the industrial zone we developed elevators. The elevators will have a low horizontal speed of 1m/s .The height of the separation zone will be 20m. The elevators will be 2 meters tall (or more for the elevators that transport materials). So, the elevator will make the hole distance in an 18 seconds time. So we will use propellant based on gases left from the industry so that the elevators will reach the station rotate speed. The rotate speed is w. Let V be the rotating speed of the cylinder in the point from where we launch the elevator and r the distance from this point to the rotation axis. For reaching or breaking from this speed we will accelerate or break with an acceleration a v We have: w=, so V= w*r For r=100, w= 0.19, so the speed V=19 ""/s Because of the uniform variation of the speed, oe, we have V=a"t, a= 7=1.05 1/2. From Newton's second law we have: Our computers will measure the weight of the elevator and apply the necessary force in each case. For example, for m=200 kg, F= 210 N. a, We also have to maintain the circular trajectory. This requires a normal acceleration, perpendicular on the direction of movement, so that it won't modify the module value of the ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Ih Fig 3.2.9 ~ Elevators orooulsion method Page 21Nf} Cf. Sa eri & TOSS aS Oceonancaseeate speed. The rotation movement requires an acceleration, a ,. We know that @, = -w* +7, ora, = *1=3.61™/o2 From Newton's second law we have m + a,, = F,. Again, for m= 200 kg, F=722 N. The propulsion method In order to apply on the elevators the two required forces we will use spherical tanks containing high-pressured CO;, a waste product of our station. The tank will have two. holes. Before the valves are opened, the constant pressure P inside the confinement is formed due to the perfect elastically collisions between the molecules of the gas and the walls of the tank. Due to the nature of those collisions, in every point of the wall of the tank will act a force: Fae Let S; and S) be the areas of the holes. After the opening of the valves, on the opposite side will appear on the wall two forces, perpendicular on the radius of the sphere, F: and Fa: if we make the holes small and the pressure big, we can considerate P constant during the travel of the elevator. The pressure inside the tank can be calculated using the Clapeyron Mendeleev perfect gas equation: Page 22See eee eee ee “cade SPI Teneo) Pyemmaeaseeaes sensors which will check the quality of the air (the optimal concentration of oxygen), placed both in public areas and in each house. The first possible solution for producing oxygen is planting trees in the greenhouse areas of our settlement. A.10' tall spruce with a leaf area of 128 sq ft with 20% humidity can lose 20-30 gallons of water/day. Sealed room survival studies show it takes "17.5 trees per person" to produce oxygen however 20 trees per person are needed to consume the CO2 per person according to NASA. This way, we will need 103 680 trees for producing a sufficient quantity of oxygen and 115 200 for getting rid of carbon dioxide released by breathing. For developing in a normal way, this trees would need 1 612 800 square meters. Because we don’t have this space, we figured out another solution. On Earth 75% our breaths come from oxygen produced by marine algae, 20% from tropical rainforests, 5% all other sources. Cyanobacteria originally made most the oxygen, but large seaweeds and giant kelp produce the most now. There are several thousand species of algae. One liter of water with algae will produce 100 | of oxygen per day and will consume 120 liters of carbon dioxide. This way, we need 25 459 liters of water with algae for assuring the necessary oxygen. Anyway, we have to consider the used oxygen too for creating water, meaning 7 160 839 liters per day. So we need 9 706 759 | per day. The total amount of necessary water with algae will be 97 066 |. Another problem is the quantity of oxygen necessary for beginning this cycle. We decided to bring the volume of the cylinder (5 581 350 000 I) + the oxygen volume in ‘emergency case (the necessary volume for the survival of the people for 100 days ,254 592 000 |). Totally 5 835 942 000 L. Because the construction of the station will take place in space it will be difficult to bring such a quantity from earth. We will take carbon dioxide from the moon’s atmosphere and we will transform it into oxygen with the help of the planets. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 24acon Rims rans ‘of Computer Sci Net es Vis the volume of the tank, 31) / role .K (universal gas constant), m=the mass of the carbon dioxide in the tank, digo, = the molar mass of the carbon dioxide, and T = temperature of the gas. 3.2.5 Air and water Another important part of our project is the cycle of oxygen and water. We surely know that air and water are the vital for anyone. Without them, we wouldn’t live. But it is almost impossible to bring these two from Earth monthly, so we figured out that it will be necessary to create them. In normal conditions, an adult uses approximately 300 cm3 oxygen per minute, which represents 442 liters in 24 hours. This quantity is taken by breathing from the atmospheric air, in which the oxygen is found blended with other gazes (nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc). Normally, during the process of breathing, approximately % liters of air reach the breathing system and are eliminated. Considering that a healthy adult person breathes 416 times per minute, we can calculate that that in 24 hours 12000 liters of air are carried through the lungs. (On our settlement, there are approximately 5760 persons, each consuming daily 442 liters of oxygen, so every day 2 545 920 liters must be procured. This will be stored, compressed in some tanks, and will be constantly released in different areas of the settlement, varying on the consumption in that area. The settlement will feature some a T ———_-Sr CAE © National High School Tonnes For reaching the initial quantity of oxygen we need 7 003 130 400 | of carbon dioxide. This process, helped by the water volume calculated above will last 721 days, almost 2 years. Another important problem is the cycle of water. The process of combining oxygen and hydrogen is not simple at all. Basically, there is an energy barrier which has to be overcome in order for the H2 and 02 molecules to break apart and form H20. This energy barrier can be overcome by adding a little energy to get things started, i.e. ,a spark...this will "kick" a couple of molecules over the barrier, generating heat, which will “kick" over a couple more, etc... But we also have an explosion and ~ if our experiment was big enough, a deadly one. The ill-fated blimp, the Hindenburg, was filled with hydrogen to keep it afloat. As it approached New Jersey on May 6, 1937, to land after a trans-Atlantic voyage, static electricity (or an act of sabotage, according to some) caused the hydrogen to spark. When mixed with the ambient oxygen in the air, the hydrogen exploded, enveloping the \denburg in a ball of fire that completely destroyed the ship within half a minute. ‘There was, however, also a lot of water created by this explosion. But if we can control that amount of energy, it will be a double-benefit operation: we could create water, and energy. Now let's focus on how much water do we need. Because we want to save as much water as possible, the water used in home related purpose will be harvested and recycled. So the only water volume which is consumed is the drunken one. A person has to drink about 21 of water a day. So we need 115201 of water a day. Now let’s calculate how much oxygen we need to create this quantity of water. The atomic weight of water is 18g per mol and the atomic weight of the oxygen is 16g per mol. So we need 10240 kilos of oxygen a day. Because the oxygen has the density of 1.43g/I we need 7 160 839 | of oxygen per day. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 25,Rainn SSE renee » esata entray co" The Cycle of Oxveen and Water 3.2.6 Transport Transport on AMOS will be ensured by robots. Because the settlement isn’t extremely big, we need some small devices, which won't occupy too much space. They are named Segrobots and can be used by children too. The Mega Computer will command them, so they will be drove automatically. Safety is in this way something sure for inhabitants. The computer will know all the routes using the SPS (Settlement Positioning System) system, which is vocally commanded. There will also be traffic rules, and the timetable made by the computer will help avoiding traffic jams. These machines will be eco-friendly and won't pollute the surrounding environment. They are fed with electrical energy, so the costs won't be very high. There are 500 Segrobots, and they will each be ordered like in a usual taxi system, but driver. The users will drive the machines themselves. — ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 26SCA Ey National High School Olesen 3.3 Living conditions Temperature and humidity are a component of a human's comfort, which is very important for us. In terms of heat, the human body has a fundamental requirement: to maintain a very stable internal temperature, measuring 37 + 0,5°C, even though it produces constant heat, as it results from the metabolically activity. As a consequence, the body must give that amount of heat to the environment: no more, otherwise its internal temperature decreases, and no less, otherwise it would grow. With the help of our mega computer, we will control the temperature and humidity of each level. At level 1, where people live, the thermometer measures 23°C. At level 2, where the agriculture is held, temperature and humidity is kept variable, depending on the necessity of each plant. The warm air contains more moisture than cold air. If the warm and cold air contains the same amount of moisture, warm air will have a lower relative humidity. Cold surfaces contain free cold points which reduce the amount of moisture, increasing relative humidity. When producing water vapor, they contribute to increasing relative humidity. Because humidity has a very important role in human life, the special computer on ... will have a hygrometer to monitories the moisture. It is advisable to have a relative humidity at around 50%. All lower values indicate more dry air, while higher values indicate the excess of water in the air, which can lead to condensation. Too high or too low air humidity can adversely influence the human body, especially the respiratory system. Inspired air is heated by the upper airways through the strongly vascularized walls. They are lined with mucus that is kept moist in normal conditions. This not only heats the air, but gets wet, having a bad effect if it gets in contact with the surface of the lungs. Mucosa lining the airways possess an essential function of the air filter all types of contamination, but in particular those of biological nature (viruses). The bronchus is lined with ciliated mucosa, aimed to retain impurities. When air shows a too low humidity, it appears the risk to intense evaporation of the mucous membranes, thereby contributing to their drying, leading to the loss of filtration capacity. Pathogens that are ——— ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 27= emma eee eee eee eo Oa eri ational High School SS STSSeTS ita in the air then easily penetrate the body through the upper airway. To prevent this phenomenon, it is necessary having a constant temperature, hot enough not to create moisture. Health risk is increased if the relative humidity falls below 30%. 3.4 Agriculture 3.4.1 Plants Plants and animals will be very important on AMOS. They will ensure more than half percent of the monthly consummation, helping us with the expenses. Even though it will be needed a big starting investment, this creatures will make us to save lots of money. Plants have long been known for their ability to remove carbon dioxide from the air. At level 2, AMOS will have a little and efficient agriculture zone. It will serve for people's alimentation with healthy and nutritive food. We will develop greenhouses, in which we will grow with the help of artificial light exotically fruits, like oranges or pineapple. We will have one greenhouse for each type of climate. We will choose efficient plants, which will give enough fruitage for the space they occupy. Also, plants which don’t need too much soil will be necessary because we don’t have enough. For example, we won't ever raise potatoes, which develop inside the soil and are also polluting the atmosphere which surrounds them, The mega computer will control a special watering program which will take care of each fruit and vegetable. It will work through automatically sprinklers, in time intervals especially established for each type of plant and each of its necessities. The harvesting will also be automatically, made by robots, which will deliver the goods through a pipe tothe storage area. The weather and the special conditions necessary for growing the plants will be under the assignment of the computer, which based on the descriptions of each type of specie, will assure the necessary temperature and humidity. These gardens will be built on terraces, on different levels. We chose the starting level 2 because of the lower gravity (g=9, 5). AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 28Sh ave National High School We will choose to plant space-e grapes and apples, which don’t have many life requirements To save space, we will use for strawberries a stand like a pyramid, or ring as it Is sometimes called, which allows makes an attractive display. Prefabricated aluminum pyramids with sprinklers and protective coverings were designed. They consist of three rings, each progressively smaller, hold about 50 to 75 plants, and come equipped with their own sprinkler, connected to the Mega Computer. ‘As vegetables, we chose eggplants, zucchini, and radish because they are not pretentious and they don’t need too much soil. 3.4.2 Animals ‘Animals are also important on AMOS, in order to insure the production of a big percent of the alimentation. Meat contains in its muscle tissue protein and essential amino acids, It is also a source of zinc, vitamin Bz, selenium, phosphorus, niacin, vitamin Bs, choline, riboflavin and iron. The animal raising area will also be at the level 2, near the agriculture zone. We will try to find creatures which develop in small places and don’t need big costs. 1k good example can be the chicken. It provides eggs and meat, giving good nutritional content. However, due to a significant inclusion of cholesterol (as in most meats) it should be avoided in excess. Chicken generally includes low fat in the meat itself, but the fat is concentrated on its skin. Eggs are also good in alimentation, providing a good ratio between the calories and the space occupied. Unfortunately, we don’t have enough space to grow the chickens ecologically. They will be grown in special batteries. Even though it is said that these batteries give “stress” to the animals, there are also advantages: the birds can be easily observed. Cages will measure 1 meter length and 0,84 meters height, the battery system being made of 3 rows of cages. In the same way other birds will be raised. Beef is a good source of minerals, such as zinc, selenium, phosphorus and iron, and B vitamins, Red meat is the most significant dietary source of carnitine and, like any other meat (pork, fish, veal, lamb etc.) is a source of creatine. Unfortunately, itis too difficult ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 29SO eit (ORS raSo rte Cease ‘to grow bovines such as cows, bulls, heifers or steers because they need too much feeding and it is almost impossible to transport this kind of big animals from earth. Another type of animal will be pigs. They are grown easily and have a good nutritional value. The inside of the shelter will be composed of the batteries and dejection removing tubes. The batteries will be divided into these areas: the rest zone, the eating and drinking zone and the dejection zone, with a grill. All the animals will be tidied by robots, which will take care of all the duties: feeding, cleaning and other jobs. 3.5 Recycling For a space settlement is very important to recycle as much as possible, in order to have the highest efficiency possible. This term is used frequently, but not many know it finition: Recycling is processing used materials into new products to prevent the waste of potentially useful things. The Air Air will be recycled using plants from agriculture and also with the usage of Chlorella a € b a single-celled green algae, belonging to the phylum Chlorophyta. Chlorella could serve as a potential source of food and energy because its photosynthetic efficiency can, in theory, reach 8%, comparable with other highly efficient crops such as sugar cane. It is also an attractive food source because is high in protein and other essential nutrients; when dried, it is about 45% protein, 20% fat, 20% carbohydrate, 5% fiber, and 10% minerals and vitamins. Fie 35.1 Chlorella The advantage is that through photosynthesis it multiplies rapidly requiring only carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and a small amount of minerals to reproduce The water biting Settlement Page 30Bos SOE National Hig! hool Scena As the NASA scientists are saying, sometimes it's better not to think about where your next glass of water is coming from! On Earth, water that passes through animals' bodies is made fresh again by natural processes. We will refresh the water in a three-step process, inspired by the Process on the ISS: The first step is a filter that removes particles and debris. After that the water passes through the "multiiltration beds," which contain substances that remove organic and inorganic impurities. Finally, the "catalytic oxidation reactor" removes volatile organic compounds and kills bacteria and viruses. Fusion torch We will use the high-temperature plasma of the fusion reactor to break solid waste materials and convert them into a few reusable elements. The basic concept is to impinge the plasma leaking from fusion reactor onto solids or liquids, vaporizing, dissociating and ionizing the materials, then separating the resulting elements into separate bins for collection. This will be done in the industrial area, not like the two processes before that will take place in the main living area. 3.6 Anti-radiation shield In order to protect our inhabitants from dangerous radiations we will use a magnetic field similar to that of the Earth. Earth's magnetic field is approximately a magnetic dipole, with the magnetic field S pole near the Earth's geographic North Pole and the other magnetic field N pole near the Earth's geographic South Pole. Our planet is largely Protected from the solar wind, a stream of energetic charged particles emanating from the Sun, by this field, which deflects most of the charged particles. In order to replicate this field we will use a powerful electromagnet. The basic idea behind an electromagnet is extremely simple: By running electric current through a wire, we can create a magnetic field. This electromagnet will not be harmful to the inhabitants, due to the fact that the human body can withstand relatively powerful magnetic fields. AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 31Bere Vi rane OS USES TSS Ps a The geomagnetic field vector, B, is described by the orthogonal components X (northerly intensity), Y (easterly intensity), and Z (vertical intensity, positive downwards); total intensity F; horizontal intensity H; inclination (or dip) | (the angle between the horizontal plane and the field vector, measured Positive downwards); and declination (or magnetic variation) D (the horizontal angle between true north and the field vector, measured positive eastwards). Declination, inclination, and total intensity can be computed from the orthogonal components using the following equations: D =aret uM = arctany i t a arctan F =H? +Z?, where H is given by ie 3.6.1— Magnetic SI F= Xx? +y? The International System of Units (SI) unit of magnetic field intensity, strictly flux density, most commonly used in geomagnetism is the Tesla. At Earth’s surface the total intensity varies from 24 000 nanotesla (nT) to 66 000 nT. Other units likely to be encountered are the Gauss (1 Gauss = 100 000 nT), the gamma (1 gamma = 1 nT), and the Orsted (1 rsted = (103/4n) A m-1),SCO A VEN National High School Science IV Energy 4.1 Nuclear fusion In order to have a big quantity of energy at our permanent disposal, we decided to use a fusion reactor, based on the model of the ITER reactor. Although this kind of technology is not currently available, there have been major progresses in this field, so it is probable that it will take more to gather the money and the political support for the project then to develop this technology. We will describe the basic principles of the nuclear fusion. The process is based on the following reaction: When deuterium and tritium fuse, two nuclei come together to form a helium nucleus (an alpha-particle), and a high-energy neutron. 2D + 3T + $He + jn + 17.6 MeV The vacuum vessel is the central part of the machine: a double walled steel container in which the plasma is contained by means of magnetic fields. High temperatures give the nuclei enough energy to overcome their electrostatic repulsion. The plasma is heated to a high temperature. At such high temperatures, particles have a vast kinetic energy, and hence velocity. A charged particle moving through a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to the direction of travel, resulting in centripetal acceleration, thereby confining it to move in a circle. A charged particle moving through @ magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to the direction of travel, resulting in centripetal acceleration, thereby confining it to move in a circle. Also, amount of radioactive waste produced be hundreds of times less than that of a fission reactor.ae National High (0 SOU CSSESe tates 4.2 Solar energy Solar energy is electricity obtained using sunlight. This type of renewable energy is clean and it doesn’t run out, the supply can be maintained. The electrical generation is made by photovoltaic and heat engines. In order to obtain the solar energy, the most ordinary way is to use solar panels. We will use solar energy until the fusion reactor will be ready. Also, it is useful in case of damage into the system of electrical alimentation. ri ners Solar power represents the conversion of sunlight into electricity, using Photovoltaic or concentrated solar power(CSP). CSP systems are focusing a large area of sunlight into a small beam, using lenses or mirrors. PV produces electric current using the photoelectric effect. Solar chemics Solar energy is also used to create chemical reactions. These processes can change solar energy into transportable and storable fuels. Chemical reactions produced by the sun are divided into photochemical and thermo chemical. At high temperatures (around 2400°C) concentrators can be used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. By concentrating sunlight along with a zirconium/ferrite catalyst we can break down carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and oxygen. Energy storage metho In order to provide the continuous availa issue because solar energy is not available at night. 'y of energy, storage is an important Using molten salts, solar energy can be stored at high temperatures. This method effective due to the low-cost of the salts and to the high heat capacity. Rechargeable batteries are used to store excess electricity produced by off-grid PV systems. The excess of electricity can be sent to the grid when the systems are grid- tied. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Ort ine Settionsney' coca By rvs rammsee neat yes unearned Asolar panel is an assembly of solar cells, also called photovoltaic cells. Solar panels can be used in a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply electricity. Fig 4.2.1 ~ Solar Cells, Solar cells produce direct current electricity from sun light, which can be used to power equipment or to recharge a battery. Most of the photovoltaic modules are connected toa grid so they are used for grid connected power generation. An inverter is required to convert the DC to AC. An energy loss of 4— 12% is resulted. Photovoltaic effect The photovoltaic effect is the process in which photons of light knock electrons into a higher state of energy to create electricity. It is represented by the creation of a voltage in a material upon exposure to light, Trackers Assolar tracker is a system that helps solar panels harvest the biggest amount of energy by moving after the Sun. The amount can be substantially improved by this system. Page 35.ay NTT nga iecaraaetee st of elect ut The cost of generating electricity is including initial capital, fuel, the costs of continuous operation, as well as the return on investment and maintenance. The price is normally measured in cents/kilowatt/hour for small numbers, or dollars/megawatt/hour for larger quantities. Cost factors While calculating costs, several internal cost factors have to be considered: Capital costs- high for solar energy Operating and maintenance costs — low for solar energy Fuel costs - very low for solar energy To evaluate the total cost of production of electricity, the streams of costs are converted to a net present value using the time value of money. These costs are all brought together using discounted cash flow here. Calculations Levelized energy cost (LEC) is the price in order for the generated electricity to break even. It is an economic estimation of the cost of the systems that produce energy including all the costs during its lifetime and it is very good in calculating the costs of generation from many sources. It can be defined in a single formula as: nba, Dee Gt LEC = = x ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 36oan Tansey Crem acd LEC = Average lifetime levelized electricity generation cost 1, = Investment expenditures in the year t M,= Operations and maintenance expenditures in the year t F, = Fuel expenditures in the year t E,= Electricity generation in the year t r= Discount rate n= Life of the system The average lifetime is around 30 years and the calculations are given in currency units/kilowatt/hour. a For our nuclear and solar energy based system we will obtain a relatively small LEC, around 70 USD/MWh. —_— ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 37Cae National High Sc ‘of Computer V. Human resources 5.1 People’s opinion about space settlements It is very important to know what possible candidates think about living on AMOS. For this, we made a special survey, asking 10 simple questions. The questions were to our classmates, being received with very much enthusiasm, They answered sincerely, qiving us ideas on how to manage the settlement better. People’s ‘opinion counts the most for us and insuring them the necessary comfort is vital. 1. What do you think about the future of the space stations? A) Is very far away 16 B) is very close ” C) It is a utopia a2 | 10 Answers: ' ‘ ADS : ] B>15 a C32 2 Isvery far away is very close itis an: 2. Besides the possible dangers would you still live on a space station? # A) Yes 2 B) No 10 C) I don't care ‘Answers: AD15 B53 yes ro don't care C4 ———— ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 38A). b)2 Q2 D)o ea FO @)s Ha ya 9 Final result: 7.1 4. You would like the space station to have: A) Green spaces 8) Gyms C) Reading rooms Answers: Aga 87 co sreen spaces evs ‘reading rooms AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 39Caen << SOietapssney > eoianeassteg 5s, Are you conscious that on a space station 12 may be some unpleasant surprises? 10 A) Yes . B) Hope it won't 6 | €) I don't care : Answers: ' ° AQT yes hope it won't Idon't care 8911 on 6, The most important founds should be directed to: A) Security systems 8) Search appliances C) Entertainment places Answers: Aci BOS C36 security search entertainment 7. You would like the space station placed: "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Ort ing Settlement Page 40A) Nearby the earth, to go back home from time to time B) Very far away(to explore many important planets) ) It doesn’t matter Answers: A>10 87 5 8. It is important that on the space station live: A) Only scientists B) A diverse population as age, race and occupation C) Only robots Answers: ADB B>18 co 9. Where would you like the education of the children occur: A) Home B) Ina special place ) Both of them Answers: AP B34 e312 "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement eonnusuevaed Fo 16 ‘nearby the earth scientists ae Sa Sed Nicaaiter very faraway atschool sane nly robors both of them Page 41Toa Oe tanssncal ‘of Computer Science 10. Which profession shall predominate on a space station: AA) Science men 8) Medics C) Journalists D) Engineers E) Psychologists Answers: Ad9 B25 33 p34 e1 5.2 About the settlement inhabitants Human - the term comes from Latin, meaning “wise man”. This is true. Humans are the only living species in the Homo genus of bipedal primates in Hominidae, the great ape family. They have a highly developed brain, capable of abstract reasoning, lanquage, introspection, and problem solving and are the reason of our effort of assuring them the best comfort. ‘Amos will only host a maximum amount of approximate 5 700 people. Because the number is small in comparison with Earth's population, we need to choose the inhabitants very carefully. Being in space is a delicate situation and so, we can’t afford having any problems from the inside. Therefore, we have made the following requirements list: -Passing psychological exams that prove not having any mental diseases or behavior problems ——_— ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 424 j Seer tional High School eer esata “High emotional intelligence, so anyone can act properly in critical situations -On average, having an over medium IQ -Having a clean record -Not having serious health problems such as terminal diseases, because even if we will adapt the environment to that on Earth, outer space is not Earth. -Being able to pass physical tests adapted to those meant to train astronauts _Humans must be married and finally have two children, so the space allocated for living will be used at maximum rate ‘Also, because of the relatively small population we need to calculate precisely the jobs of the inhabitants. In 2002, in USA, there were 2.3 Physicians per 1,000 people. That means that we need 13 Physicians for our space settlement with a population of 5700. They will all have different specializations and they will be assisted by specialized medical robots. We also need psychologists. In 2008, in USA there were 0.31 psychologists per capita. We will need 2 psychologists. In order to maintain the safety of the settlement we have to have 10 police officers, to coordinate the activity of the security robots. ‘Also, we will have around 20 teachers, to assure the education of the young: ones. In the USA there are in average of 0.6 dentists per 1000 inhabitants. That means that we need 3 dentists. ‘Around 10% of the population, 570 inhabitants will have management activities. Another 10% will be the scientist. Knowledge is power, so we need journalists, around 10. "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 43oan Ve aoa ‘of Computer Science 250 residents will work in tourism-related activities, such as waiters. The rest of the population will consist of engineers. The working population of the station is around 2850 persons. Job Nrof people | percent of total population Physicians 13 0.456140351 psychologists 2 0070175439 police officers 10 0.350877193 teachers 20 0.701754386 dentists 3 0.105263158 journalists 10 0.350877193 management activities 570 20 engineers 2222 77.96491228 total 2850 100 "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlementeaters 5.3 Education Education is important for the development of the new generation of space scientist. From an early age, children must be trained on every subject, in order to develop properly and to have a good general culture. This will be realized in an organized way, using a timetable After the polls, at the question “What system of education would you like for the youngsters on the space station: face to face, computerized or combined, an important majority had the answered "combined" .So we will create an adequate system for the development of the intellectual and social abilities of the youngsters on the space s! The advantages of computerized learning are the competent examples and the simulations which will make the fixation of the knowledge easier. So the theoretical part will be accustomed with the help of special software and wlators. Children will learn equally sciences, mathematics, grammar, medi astronomy and many other useful things on the settlement. It is an important disadvantage of this type of education is the communication. So twice 2 week children will gather in groups that will always change for the diversity of ‘communication in the amphitheaters in school having a program all day long, Hour ‘Activity ‘9 AM- 10 AM exchange of ideas between the students 10:15 AM - 12:15 AM the speech in front of the students sustained by a specialist in a certain domain 12:30 AM - 2:00 PM team sports in the park 2:00 PM - 3:30 PM lunch break 3:30 PM - 4:30 PM classes 4:45 PM - 6:00 PM visiting the telescope room/science laboratories/the Og zone One day a week the children have to register different volunteering activities for stimulation of the civic sense of the children. lene @Acc2ne’ hiaan.fwhieine Gatthemenr oon aieoan National High School eters During the other two days they will learn the theoretical part on the computers placed jn the home working room. ‘The evaluation system has three parts: summing the points accumulated based on the questions asked by the computer after finishing the computerized lessons (20% of the final result), an oral evaluation in front of some teachers once in 2 months (40% of the nal result) and a written evaluation sustained in the school once in two months in the months without oral evaluation (also 40% of the final result). The students may choose the disciplines they want to follow in the next year and in their career on the space station, based on the points accumulated at each subject. 5.4 Politics and the justice system Civilization means rules. Whot would be a world without rules? Maybe a jungle...That_won’t happen on AMOS, thanks to the well settled Jaws system developed by our team. 5.4.16 Is politics and social life on AMOS is based on a strict set of rules, which cannot be” juggled”. This way, we won't need any lawyers. The political system is made for offering dynamism and for the development of the space settlement. Every groUuP of people from a certain activity field will be organized in a sort of a guild, which will have short meetings at the beginning of each month or at any other special occasion. Each guild ‘vil name a leader (official), who will represent them, at the SCC (Settlement’s Center Council). At the counci's meetings, budgets and working timetables for each field are cctablished, based on the reports brought by the guilds. These reports are made sutomatically based on the recordings of the discussions between people, using the computer, The reports are scanned by the SLP (System of Labor Protection), in order to detect possible issues in the activity. SLP is a super-computer which reunites data from the reports of each guild with a system of laws of AMOS. Minor discrepancy between the two will be followed by written warnings to the respective guild. Major discrepancy will be followed by a meeting, in which the guild's leader will be blamed in front of the whole SLP, in its headquarters and in front of the Labor and Justice Senators. The ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 46punishments for the guilty people can be from raising ‘the working timetable to ‘exclusion from the settlement (the major punishment). 5.4.2 Settlement’ Center Council Settlement’s Center Council is represented by 10 older people retired from their activity areas. After retirement you are chosen in the ssc during your career. ence In the council evaluate the ports and lead the activity of the guilds and senators. Extra, any major decision taken 60%" thru their hands. The advisers may propose laws OF decisions in some other activities: And the Jaw/decision in the incipient phase will be voted by the people on AMOS. But not all the mremnbers of the SCC may vote for all the decisions. They may have vote authorization for voting in the respective law's are2: ia education and progress, Health, Work, Research. ‘An adviser may have the right to vote in more areas {generally 3 or 4), but there area few cases when an adviser may vote in all areas. The vote authorizations are received once with the entrance of a man tothe SCC due to his activity on the space station you accumulated as few penalty points 5.4.3 The Xenon Project The Xenon project isin principle the automation of the politics. ‘A robot which has the actual law system on the space station registered in its memory ,on the decisions taken slong years by the SCC will learn to take decisions itself by scanning the law system. SO at a time we won't need any more the human experience in the SCC but only Xenon’s pragmatic thinking 5.4.4 Ordinary people and politics We believe that it makes no sense spending material and human resources for complicated political system. So We ‘count on the fact that the people brought on the station are capable enough and mY control on their own the political life. So, the laws and decisions taken by the SCC are sent to referendum and people m2¥ vote from come, by their own computer usin the, political software”. Simple and efficient.eas Se Ohare More, everyone may implement a petition which will be ‘automatically posted on the _ political software” and the social life which runs so on the home computers and the computer from SEG-robots(see robots) or from SHT's(Smart Holographic Tablets >see communications).{f 50% of the people on the space station vote for the petition then it is applied. Of course the SCC has veto only if they voted unanimously for the respective decision. 5.4.5tustice of Ordinary people Common people will have to respect the Rulebook on AMOS In case somebody breaks a rule the code brings against the felon a certain number of penalty points. These points sre never erased, even if the punishment is fulfilled. Punishments are usually represented by extra work hours and access denied to some of the entertainment ‘eciities on the ship for a limited period of time. If a person ever exceeds the 1000 penalty point limit, he has to give account to the Central Court and he may be excluded from the ship. Because it is too expensive to send him on Earth, he will be forced to workin hostile domains such as mining and some other operations that are usually done by robots. offences Penalty Point Deliberate sabotage of the settlement system "1000 points Sabatage of the settlement system by mprudence | 50-200 points ( depending oF the seriousness of the damages) ‘Murder with deliberation 1000 Murder by imprudence 200) ‘Murder by guilt 500 Stealing Scientific data for personal usage 100 ‘Stealing scientific data for spying usage 1000) Blackmailing 50-300 (depending on the people and the reason) Taking/Giving bribe 0-300(depending on the seriousness of the situation) Road irregularities 5:20 Road accidents, 5.200 [the superior limit is reached for murder) Breaking civicaly rules 5-20. hts. 5-100 Faking 50-100 False using 100-150 Destroying settlement’s properties 5-200 "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 48Ln AER Serta Sorted 5.5 Recreational activities It is important to take care of your body, if you want to stay in good shape. Studies show that exercise is the best way to ensure you stay fit and healthy. In order to ‘have a healthy life, people on... will receive all the help they need and the best conditions, including a gymnasium. To avoid stress and to be in a good phase, they will have a weekly exercise program, organized by Myfitness application. Combined with MyDiet, MyFitness helps inhabitants’ health, calculating the number of calories that need to be burnt, considering the food they ate. It determines in a balanced way, together with MyHealth, the muscle group or the part of the body with too many fat, which can endanger people's existence. Also, the program has like a virtual coach, personalized based on each individual's preference: he can choose the sex, the voice and even the appearance of his coach, being able to select a photo of a friend for example and obtaining a virtual clone. It appears like a hologram, encouraging when the person gets tired, making him go on to finish his daily program. Inhabitants can choose from Yoga, Lose weight or Cardio exercises, which vary for each muscle group, the difficulty grade being set by vocal command. The program will contain even medical gymnastics for recovery in case of an accident. At the gym built, everything will be organized on a strict timetable made by the super- computer so that it won't be necessary to occupy too much space with a big building. Everyone will have 3 days per week on their membership-pass. Each session will last from 30 minutes to 2 hours, based on the individual's necessities. According to AMOS’s laws, it will be forbidden to enter the gym on another day, unless you make a special appointment, and the place isn’t full, but they have to pay a fee. If someone misses one session, they can also reschedule it, but not more than three times a year. The ones who have enough time and to go to the gym more often, they can make appointments, paying an extra sum of money. The basic package of 3 sessions is free. YOGA- after a hard day at work, nothing is better than a relaxing session of yoga. With the help of their personal coach, AMOS will experience interesting positions, which will help stretching their muscles. In AMOS's Gym, there will be a special Yoga room, ET ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 49aa S Se fe ‘Teiiaiegsstanes ‘equipped with special walls, which show beginning with the start of the session nature clips, to offer a calm environment. Yoga classes will have between 5 and 10 participants. LOSE WEIGHT-Losing weight will be easy for people living on AMOS. With the help of their personal trainer and the best quality and most modern equipment, they will get thinner and thinner every day. CARDIO-Cardio exercises are the perfect choice for someone how doesn’t need to lose weight but wants to keep a good shape. MEDICAL GYMNASTICS: In case of serious injuries, medical gymnastics will be part of the recovery program. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting SettlementSU Oe fational High School OC eOU Et a Vi. Gravity insuring people a constant gravity, similar to that on Earth, has been a startins ‘int in our project. Experimentally, it has been observed that creatures don’ develop correctly anatomically in other conditions of gravity, different of those on ‘our Planet. 6.1 Motivation Last year, we took part in another of NASA’s projects for students, Butterflies in Space. We had to grow butterflies here, on Earth, and compare their characteristics to those of the butterflies grown on the ISS. We've made a short summary of that project. 6.2 Butterflies in Space The Painted Lady is widely distributed and has a normal life cycle on Earth of approximately one month. Our conclusion was that development of butterflies is affected by the limited and imponderable habitat. The time of passing from a phase to another is different. It took longer for the insects to transform from larva to pupa and then from pupa to butterfly in space than in our laboratory. In addition, according to our measurements, the butterflies from Earth are longer than the ones from space. The conditions in the special space habitat changed the development of the butterflies, but not essentially. On the outside, they have almost the same life cycle (they grow from an egg, to larva, transform into pupa and then get to fully maturity), but there are changes in the size of their bodies that we can’t see. They feed themselves often and are able to. survive in space. Even though, they seem to fly less and stay fixed to the box’s walls. Also, their color is alittle bit wiped. — ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 51Temperature ‘Atmospheric Humidity Pressure 24,5° C [1015.9 mm 55% 16" March 2010 Tuesday 5” day 20" March 2010 Saturday T* day 22" March 2010 Monday 10" day 2a" March 2010 Thursday 14" day Wings spam 28 March 2010 Monday 6.3 Explanation of the shape The easiest way to simulate gravity ts using rotation. Also, the 0 gravity conditions are more favorable for an automated industry Practically, these two ideas have suggested the settlement's form, For the rotating part, we chose a cylinder This will insure a constant apparent gravity On its lateral sides. We will calculate the angular velocity, depending on the radius R=300m and r=285m, in order to obtain 2 normal acceleration at the “floor” level dn equal with 107/,2 anda normal acceleration at the “sealing” level a as proximate as possible to ay, Se, Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 52Sn oavenny THe ranks reol pmputer Science We know that a,=w?*R. Then, w= |2%=0.197@4/.. For r=285m, ai, We notice that the value of the apparent gravitational acceleration from level 2, where plants and animals will be grown, is proximate to 9.75-9.85""/,2 too (the value of the apparent gravitational acceleration on Earth). Another possible form would be the torus form, but in this case r and R, the distances to the rotation axis are not constants. This would lead to variations of the apparent gravity perceived by people as variations on the right-left axis, possibly causing nausea. 6.4 Consequences of the circular shape In order to provide a constant distance to the rotation axis, the shape of the residential area must be a cylinder. Because of the circular form, the maximum view distance will be limited. The calculation of this distance is a simple geometry problem. Let D be the maximum view distance. R=300m is the radium of level one and r=285m the radium of level two. We know that the perpendicular line from the center of the circle to a chord intersects the chord in the middle. Therefore, from Pythagora’s theorem we have Fig 6.4.1~ Geometry of the Circular Shave ay? 4 BE ar Rear? 4 a ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon: Page 53=300m, r=285m thus, D=187m not being very smal. Yet, the traveller who will get by the view. This resault shows us the fact that life ent to that on Earth. The obteined distance is rezonable, here for the first time will be stunned con the space settlement can be sometimes very differ Page 54 ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlementay High Scho rel )ononatas vil Research portant scientifically esearch. ‘We will have experiments our station will also conduct im from many fields of science 7.1 Experiments inside AMOS f the rotating cylinder researchers will other planets. Astronauts of the future ns of low-eravity: They could the same in the scientifically area Of the low-gravity conditions of secommodate with the conditio tined for other locations in spacey reproducing For example, experiment on missions of exploration will a entire new colonies des test gravitational conditions: mals in lower eravity- ditions on earth: air Il be the lation of plant and anit imilar con¢ Also, biologists will test the accommodi ly difference will conditions. They will grow the plants and the animals ins! pressure, temperature, rourishments, and others. The OF changed gravitational co} interferometer nditions. 72 LisA-inspired i We will also conduct experiments in order to observe colisions of black holes in spare Our goal is to construct a device that acts 25 a” interferometer. interference in electromagnetic waves represents ves. the superposition of two or more M2) For incoherent waves, the interference factor is fe, such that for a time lapse vuificiently long compared to the CY" response to visible stimuli, its random variations give 2 O average. In any point, the intensity of the resulting wave is ee elt. “Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 55 \dvanced nowhere constant in tir“onl vansanaay fi DP a re interference of coherent waves results in the ‘apparition of minima and maxima zones (nodes and antinodes). This phenomenon C2 be used to measure gravitational svaves by using laser interferometry to monitor the fluctuations in the relative distances between three spacecraft, arranged in an equilateral triangle. previous searches for gravitational waves in space Were conducted for short periods by planetary missions that had other primary science objectives (such as Cassini-Huygens), using microwave Doppler tracking to Tnonitor fluctuations in the Earth-spacecraft distance. By contrast, NASA proposed The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission that will use laser interferometry to achieve & much higher sensitivity. LISA is 2 planned space mission to detect and accurately measure gravitational waves from astronomical sources Three spacecraft will be arranged in an equilateral triangle around the moon, forming an interferometer. The gravitational waves will perturb the space and the interferometer will register 2 displacement of the fringe width. We will have to use an array of 3 x 3 spaceships in order to detect gravitational waves. In this way they can decide whether they originate from black holes collisions [4], neutron stars, core collapses, or gravitational collapses of supernovas _into—black oles AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 56ora VErn “Sntasseay omega . Vill Artifi 8.1 The Mega Computer Even if we'll use as much materials as we can from the Moon, some needs can’t be substituted. One of those is the brain of AMOS. Because oUF space settlement has many complicated operations to full, it will be run by some ““mega-computers” They will take care of a big variety of tasks like setting the lights on in the morning and off in the evening (this being a very slight transition), keeping the electronic part of AMOS going (also monitoring the identities of inhabitants) and will ensure — the communication with Earth. Another situation comes from the system of working at home. Because all the inhabitants will operate from their very houses, they will need computers. These machines will be “surrogates” | i ss Re ate of the “mega-computers” and of they will work on holographic technology. Also, each house will be connected to internet wirelessly, achieving even better speed transfer than on our planet. the Moreover, all the robots will be under the computer's order. Every personalized application will be memorized on the computer and sent back to Earth. The location of AMOS’s brain will be in the zero-gravity part, beneath the rotating core. 8.1.1 Security To avoid someone unauthorized to mess with the data inside the computer, we will have a strong virtual security system. The soft will scan the person's eye and handprint, AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 57fe wants to enter infor four admini It tests, will ‘if he ‘on AMOS too. The chosen after difficul of the inhi ‘written in the set of menses: 8.1.2 Applications mation on the comput ‘abitants. If someone aro ei taesnae > foo ecco fr, This will happen on earth, 25 well as arth, two on AMOS), which will be rything, excepting private files he will be sanctioned as its jstrators (two on have access to almost evel tries to break the rule, — Description suyorder | People willbe now auto rete consuming act of Shopping. Now, they can ser ocaly wnat they wants bUY a8 Ee bject (s) wil be automatically sent through the red tube taypiet _caabitaris wi have a reat det using ne Faybiet application. suggests the nena eaten dally. ‘ayrealth -ayiatth wl show the possible heal A ‘paing used inthe shower. 1talso esmends the necessary dubs SPYING © special code for each illness cn | one rea tcal ines coach, who appears IKEA Trologram. He apes people the useful ess moves oF each one’s needs: sivRecipy | The problem of cooking oa raved: you wantto cook he aliments ordered they ress the recipe data ofthe application: 7 er oss he change ofthe temperature and humidity of the houses. TinFriends | Tisiea soci! amar art Those on Ea, used Tommunication between yeople on AMOS and between AMOS ‘and our planet. ayReminder “craminds peape ofthe special evens an anounces the important news: sairvarwvord | wyvirwalWonés 50 poration which fights withthe home Tek sentiment. features Miu window” wah the option of ‘choosing between seeing theif neighborhood oF images from Earth. L AMOS-Advanced Moon-O biting SettlementCON teat Gomputer Science 8.1.3 Communications system communication is vital. On AMOS, we will develop a very complex system of communication. Inhabitants will be able to talk inside AMOS or with relatives from Earth using a new generation device called SHT (Smart Holographic Tablet). This machine is like a special Smart phone, but with more benefits. Communication will be realized through holograms. In this way, people can see each other, using a new 4G system controlled by the Mega Computer. People can now keep in touch. Privacy s ensured by eye or finger scanning, the tablets being for personal usage only. Alco, this “phone” has special mobile applications, lke the one that shows all the news sbout AMOS. The expenses wor't by high. We chose an efficient but also fashionable design for the SHT: | Fig 8.1.2 - Smart Holoeranhve Tablet (SHT) "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 59aut Oana Tee 8.2 Robots AMOS represents the future. That’s why the environment on our settlement will be filled with electronic and virtual life. Robots will help humans. They will be quided by the mega computer or electronic programming, and are thus able to do tasks on their own. There will be robots that will take care of everything, from agriculture to cardiac- surgery. On this base, we have made the following robot categories: -house robots; -movement robots; -healthcare robots; -agriculture robots; -judge and security robots; -lunar mining and construction robots; House robots 1 These machines will be present in each house on AMOS, cleaning and ensuring a well organized habitat. They will look like small vacuum cleaners and they can be programmed by each one of the 4 inhabitants of the house. Also, these robots will coordinate the dish and cloth washers. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 60as Onn tease ete 2, Movement robots-SEG-robots Because moving from point A to B fast. is a very important thing anywhere on Earth, this will be priority on AMOS too. The difference comes in our solution for this problem. There will be robots that will solve this situation. They will be the equivalent of cars and they will work as a taxi company. There will be 500 of these machines, which will be coordinated by a central computer. Every human can call one, and the computer will calculate the most efficient route of displacement. ‘The idea for these robots came from the famous Segway (a two-wheeled electric machine that curves using Your balance). Our machines will be similar, but we will (there will be synapses seat on a chair and control the movement using our brain between our head and a computer ‘ordering movement at our wish). 3, Healthcare robots even if we have strict requirements for ‘AMOS inhabitants, we stil need @ well organized healthcare system. Therefore, we will have robots that will take care of performing very high level surgeries without the risk of making putting diagnostics and mistakes. Also, this is a big advantage compared to human surgeons, due to the smaller hould solve the problem, but we still need human beings incisions that are made. This st to program and operate them, so we will take young doctors, freshly out of the rsity, to widen their career. ut Page 61 GMOs Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement(Oa Abnabsote. Ty aucomsetared 4, Agriculture robots Working the fields to obtain, for example, strawberries or Pe AN corn will be a very important . supplier of life on AMOS. Therefore, we will have robots that will take care of this job. eo These machines will have the ability to harvest, but also to plow and plant. On this idea, they will have two “arms” that fulfill all the needed operations. i Fie 8.2.3 - Agriculture Robot will 5, Judge and security robots To avoid any conflicts and misunderstandings between human decisions, we will have judge robots that will analyze impartially any type of actions. Therefore, we won't need lawyers anymore because this system will lead to proper solutions without them. ‘Anyway, before someone reaches the court, he needs to be accused or caught by the police. On AMOS, the police is Fig 8.2.4 - Securitv Robot MOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 62represented by security robots. They will be featuring 2 teaser gun, so human beings won't be hurt, but immobilized, 6. Lunar mining and construction robots When the Transporters arrive with AMOS's skeleton, we will need robots to start constructing the settlement. In other words, they will use the materials mined until then to assemble our settlement. These robots will also be able to operate the Scouts and mine further, because after AMOS takes-off and is sent into space, it stil needs supplies. Therefore, they'll always remain on the Moon to provide future needed materials. This operation will also be a type of punishment for the guilty declared inhabitants. They will be sent on the Moon to mine with the machines. amc Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement. Page 63aw WS aS te SSS ROBOT NAME CHARACTERISTICS House robot Dimension: 50 em x 30 cm x 30 em Number: one per house (1440 in total) ‘Autonomy: 10h SEG-robot ‘Dimension: 100 em x 100 em x 180 em Number: 500 ‘Autonomy: 15h Top speed: 30 km/h (restricted 15km/h if kids are riding) Healthcare robots Dimension: depends on use Number: 10 Agriculture robots Dimension: 150 em x 100 em x 100 cm Number: 20 Autonomy: 15h Top speed: 10 km/h Security robots Dimension: 100 em x 100 em x 200 em Number: 100 ‘Autonomy: 20h Top speed: 50 km/h Lunar mining and construction robots imension:200 cm x 200 em x 300 em Number: 2,000 ‘Autonomy: 24h Top speed: there is no top speed because this kind of robots operate in space ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement1X Tourism 9.1 The Hotel In order for us to recover the costs of building the ship, we decided to create a villa that works like a hotel for the very rich people on Earth that are interested to see how is the life in space. The duration of the stay is around 2 weeks depending on the wishes of the visitor and the costs excepting the transport are around 80.000 $ / night, transport not included. The transport costs around 25-30 million $.The price includes everything like food, drinks, internet, but also trips to the moon, presentations of the activity and some other activities in low gravity. Due to the people that afford visiting the station, we considered that the villa needs to be pretty big, very modern and with a lot of facilities After a short research we have some ideas regarding the look of the villa so we made some drawings: =>. Fie 9.1.1 - Outside view of the Hotel AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 65Fie 9.1.2- Hotel We imagined what the program of the tourists will be: Hour ‘Activity (08:00 am “Awakening. (09:00 am Breakfast 10:00 am The visitors are instructed for the day 10:30 am. “The visitors are appropriately equipped for the day, 11:00 am The visitors are taken to the Moon where they are taught about its exploitation (01:30 pm ‘The visitors are taken back to the settlement (02.00 pm Lunch (03:00 pm Courses about space (05.00 pm Tow gravity activities such as floating, sports or driving cars (06:00 pm Rest (08:00 pm ‘Common activities such as fitness or watching movies 10:00 pm Dinner 12:00 pm Bed Time ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 66TO rena Computer Science ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlementoa oy oneesstaeg Tourism will be very important on AMOS for recovering the money invested. This new type of travelling will be breath taking. Everyone will want to visit space, qa new component in the modern way of living. It is maybe a once ina of lack of gravit) 9.2. The AMOS theme park inorder to attract people on our settlement, we developed some new sports with lower gravity on the top levels. People will be accommodated in our special luxury hotel. ‘These new ideas of leisure activities have a big potential in impressing people, offering them a once in a lifetime thrill. AMOS sports center will contain many of them, from team to individual sports. Team sports Trying to imagine 3-dimensional American football or 3-dimensional soccer is an interesting test for the imagination. Moving will not require continuing effort, the movement being different from that on Earth. A sport which is likely to become popular in space could be American football. Inventing new tactics will be essential, making it an interesting time spending way. The balls will need to be bigger ‘Another loved and impressive sport is slam ball (a form of basketball played with 4 trampolines in front of each net. It is played “full contact” and has boards around the court), In space, slam ball won't need trampolines anymore, because we will use the lack of gravity. Slam dunks will be now a ,piece of cake” for anyone who loves playing this new sport. Volleyball will be much easier on AMOS. This team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net will become more interesting. Each team tries to store points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. Fortunately, ro ball wil stay fora longer petiod inthe air, giving the players the opportunity to think nore about their moves and to anticipate the points scored. Being able to score 2 point will be more difficult, and the playing periods could extend to more time. Individual Sports Bodybuilding is a spectacular sport. It consists in exercises that build muscles through tension, Anyway, bodybuilding will be different in space. Dumb-bells will have to be heavier because of the action of the lack of gravity in order that the individual would "AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 68ludor Vianu es ional High School eee feel the weight. Tourist would enjoy lifting weights that only professional body-builders can lift, having the opportunity to take photos and show them back on Earth. Amusement park (AMOS Park) In space, flying is possible if the individual has the proper equipment. A pos this advantage would be creating sports such as races over different distances both speed and slalom, and "synchronized fiying", similar to synchronized swimming. The instructors will be robots, which will train people properly to use each opportunity. Also, everything will be very safe. Also, we will build a typical amusement park rides, like wheels or Fear-Houses. This park can be used as an educative method too: we will have a dinosaur area, where special robots will teach children the history of evolution. Daily, other robots dressed in cartoon stars will come to entertain the guests, idea inspired from Disney Land. In the center of the park, it will be built a virtual waterfall, with a decorative role, 9.3 The Japanese garden According to our polls, most of the people want a natural place for relaxing. We decided to create a small Japanese garden due to the harmony it presents and also because of it’s beauty. We considered that an optimal size for this garden would be somewhere around 2500 square meters. ‘The Japanese gardens are represented by stones, water and plants, each having their own meanings as the following article says: “Though often thought of as tranquil sanctuaries that allow individuals to escape from the stresses of daily life, Japanese gardens are designed for a variety of purposes. Some gardens invite quiet contemplation, but may have also been intended for recreation, the display of rare plant specimens, or the exhibition of unusual rocks.” In order to fully appreciate the beauty of the garden the observer must walk through it on a particular path. Uneven surfaces are placed in specific spaces to prompt people to look down at particular points. This type of design is known as the Japanese landscape principle of "hide and reveal" We will use stone to construct the garden's paths, bridges, and walkways. Stones can also represent a geological presence where actual mountains are not — ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 69Bis Ses viewable or present. They are sometimes placed in odd numbers and a majority of the groupings reflect triangular shapes, which often are the mountains of Earth. ‘We will build man-made streams with curves and irregularities to create a serene and natural appearance. Lanterns are often placed beside some of the most prominent water basins (either a pond or a stream) in a garden. In some gardens one will find a dry pond or stream. Dry ponds and streams have as much impact as do the ones filled with water. Various types of plants are another element of Japanese gardens. Japanese traditions prefer subtle green tones, but flowering trees and shrubs will be also used. We also considered that it would be nice to place in our project some pictures with a Japanese garden, similar to the one we want to have on our ship. We made the following drowit Fie 9.3.1 - Jananese Garden ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon: Page 70High School In order to roughly approximate the costs of the construction we will first start with the estimation of the costs of the materials. The walls of the station will be 10 cm thick and made of steel. The surface of the cylinder’s walls is 798564 m2. Therefore, we will need 79856.4 m3 of steel. The density of steel is 7.8 tons per m3. We approximate the cost of steel at 1500$ per metric ton, two times bigger than the price on Earth. The cost of steel will be 117008 per m3. The total cost of the cylinder’s structure will be 934,319,880 $. With the cost of the assembly, the total will reach 1,121,183,856S. The surface of the walls of the rest of the structure, the industrial area and the transfer area is 1346408 m2. The cost for this part of the structure will be 1,575,297,3608, plus 20% the assembly cost, 1,890,356,8325. In total, the cost of the structural elements will be 3,011,540,6885 We will send in space materials weighting about 1,000 tons consisting mainly from the structure walls and of different supplies and devices needed, like the robots. The shipment cost will be approximated at 15,000$ per kg. The total cost of shipping will be around 15,000,000,000$. Another 5,000,000,000$ will be spend on the mining operations on the moon, mainly on building the scouts and the transporters. ‘Also, we will require around 1,200,000,000 $ for the interior buildings and facilities. 100,000,000 will be spend on the preliminary phase, for development of necessary software, choosing of the inhabitants and all the necessary arrangements. We also estimate the cost of the robots at 42,720,000 $. ig SettlementRobot Name idor Vianu” OTe Sateal iputer Science ‘Approximate costs. House robot One robot 9500 § Total of 1440-3720,0005 SEG-robot One robot 53,0005 Total of 500->1,500,000 $ Healthcare robot ‘One surgeon robot->2,000,000 Total of 3 surgeon robots->6,000,000 $ One diagnostic robot->500,000 $ Total of 7 diagnostic robots->3,500,000 § Total: 9,500,000 $ ‘Agriculture robot One robot950,000 § Total of 20->1,000,000 $ Security robot ‘One robot100,000 § Total of 100-> 10,000,000 $ Judge robots Total of 4-5200,0005 Lunar mining robots and construction robots Cost of robots to operate Scouts, also used In the ‘onstruction of the 20,000,000$ (see Scouts costs) We calculated the final cost to be aroun: in such a large project probably the budget will structure] shipment Total cost of robots: 42,720,000 § ot be exceeded. facilities mining [preliminary] robots 'd 23,000,000,000, although we now that total | ‘cost(USD) 1,121, 183,856 ieueeae| ereae| eo] 95,900,000 2.720000 23,154, 260,688 AMOS-Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlementoan & nal High School Ae # Computer Science Xi, Future developrnent The future looks good for science on our settlement! in time, we hope to develop AMOS into a better community for our people. This is a bold ambition that will lead to some of the most coherent information about subjects as black holes. In the next years, it will become autonomous, insuring the costs and the resources by itself. Amos will open incredible closed gates to great discoveries. Its ships will be sent through all space, so that in maximum 20 years, we will extend our settlement to places which now seem impossible. We are attracted by Mars, the red planet, which raised hundreds of questions since its discovery. AMOS, with its new ships that will spread into space (making maybe new colonies), will be able to answer to questions such as: Is there life AMOS- Advanced Moon-Orbiting Settlement Page 73on other planets? With our mining facilities, we will be able to continue extracting materials from the moon and construct a bigger ship in the proximity of moon's surface. The new ship will be based on the same ideas that were used in the construction of AMOS. Once ready, the ship will enter the moon’s orbit, then change it for an external orbit, her journey finally ending when reaching Mars’s orbit. But now, we will focus on the present, on AMOS-Advanced Moon Orbiting Settlement, the main factor of all the good things which will follow. ‘AMOS-Advanced Moon- Orbiting Settlement Page 74XIl__ References (in order of usage) 1. www.nasa.gov 2. Kaku, M., Physics of The Imposible, Anchor Books, A Division of Random House, INC., New York, 2009 3. www.wikipedia.org 4. “Extraterrestrial Civilizations” by Isaac Asimov 5. Greene, B., The Elegant Universe, Vintage Books, A Division of Random House, INC., New York, 2003 www.spacefuture.com Kaku, M., Hyperspace, Anchor Books, A Division of Random House, INC., New York, 1994 Chaikin, A, Man On The Moon, Penguin Classics, New York, 2007 www.ellos.org http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov http://science.howstuffworks.com www.statemaster.com www.nationmaster.com www.decoratiuni-gradina.comObieoms t Pacim earth olecisrens borg ws NUxt-50 cuatro, the \ S 5 Eerpertact a en Mee rrhi a wi c TF yoe are relg:/ Yet eet = 2 else ULM} Happen. Cones typher