ARTH Notes Aug 27

Monument Sheet
Page 16ish - Map of Italy: dotted line identifies part of Italy controlled by papacy
All dates included, helpful for papers
Cf. means compared with
c. or ca. means circa, about/around
fl. means time of flowering (no birth or death date, but active during this time)

Paper: name in header, identifier such as "Paper 1," can be in first person or in Hall's terms

Barocci, The Stigmatization of St. Francis - Pic

Caravaggio, The Stigmatization of St. Francis - Pic
Pontormo, Entombment (1526-1528) - Pic
Bronzino, Lamentation (1552) - Pic

From Previous Class:

Religious art shifts toward Naturalism after Reformation
Broadened the audience so Catholicism was more accessible
The sacred image has two masters - art and the church
Breach in relationship between the two - value of art exceeds the content and
doctrine represented
Mannerist: importance placed on manner in which the art was created
Martin Luther and 95 Theses: did not explicitly condemn religious images, but followers interpreted
luxurious spending of pope as Catholic idolatry
Council of Trent is delayed response to Luther
Italian city of Trent: chosen with hope that Germans, French, and Spanish would
come to investigate, but only cardinals showed up
The Work of the Council of Trent

Administrative actions: tightened central control of the Church, reaffirmed the role of the pope and
Cardinals, reformed religious offices and orders of the Church

Doctrinal Actions: reaffirmed the right of the Church to interpret the Bible, reaffirmed the validity
of all seven Sacraments, reaffirmed the role of the Virgin and all of the Saints, established a new role
for preaching and the role of work in the practice of faith

Pronouncements on Art (Dec 3-4, 1563 during last session)

The work of art must not deceive or confuse the viewer
The work of art must teach the audience about the story depicted
Those images that are not narrative should incite devotion
The purpose of art is to direct and confirm faith
Worship is not directed at the icons themselves, rather the deity they represent
Archbishops and bishops tasked with interpreting Pronouncements and approving art

Carlo Borromeo
Simone Peterzano

For Friday: p. 24-25 in book - interpretation of Pronouncements as a contract

"A thing is beautiful in proportion as it is clear and evident." - Gilio da Fabriano (1564)
The work of art should "incite devotion and sting the heart." - Gabrielle Paleotti (1582)