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Features

IIS Application Routing Request


(ARR)

Pre- Authentication

Web Application Proxy (WAP)

Prerequisites

IIS 8.0, IIS 7.0, IIS 6.0

Windows 2012 R2

Dependency

None

ADFS has to be set up

Load Balancing

Inbuilt functionality

Requires a Load Balancer

OWA

Outlook

ActiveSync

ECP

IIS ARR

URL Rewrite
(Reverse Proxy)

Web Farm properties


(Load Balancing)

URL Rewrite Module


URL Filtering
Allow/Deny URL

Web Farm Framework Module


Load Balancing
Health Check

URL Rewrite
(Reverse Proxy)

Web Farm properties


(Load Balancing)

URLs
https://

mail.sir8.at

/OWA

https://

mail.sir8.at

/ECP

https://

mail.sir8.at

/OAB

https://

mail.sir8.at

/EWS/Exchange.asmx

https://

mail.sir8.at *

https://autodiscover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/Autodiscover.xml

IIS ARR
URL Rewrite rule:

https://mail.contoso.com/*
https://autodiscover.contoso.com/*
https://autodiscover.contoso.com/*

autodiscover.contoso.com (Web Farm)

Health Check:
https://autodiscover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/HealthCheck.htm

Load Balancing:
Least Current Requests

Affinity: No

mail.contoso.com (Web Farm)

Health Check:
https://mail.contoso.com/OWA/HealthCheck.htm

Load Balancing:
Least Current Requests

Affinity: No

IIS ARR
URL Rewrite rule:

https://mail.contoso.com/*
https://mail.contoso.com/*
https://autodiscover.contoso.com/*

autodiscover.contoso.com (Web Farm)

Health Check:
https://autodiscover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/HealthCheck.htm

Load Balancing:
Least Current Requests

Affinity: No

mail.contoso.com (Web Farm)

Health Check:
https://mail.contoso.com/OWA/HealthCheck.htm

Load Balancing:
Least Current Requests

Affinity: No

IIS ARR
URL Rewrite rule:

https://mail.contoso.com/*
https://mail.contoso.com/*

https://autodiscover.contoso.com/*

autodiscover.contoso.com (Web Farm)

Health Check:
https://autodiscover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/HealthCheck.htm

Load Balancing:
Least Current Requests

Affinity: No

mail.contoso.com (Web Farm)

Health Check:
https://mail.contoso.com/OWA/HealthCheck.htm

Load Balancing:
Least Current Requests

Affinity: No

CAS 1

https://mail.contoso.com/OAB
https://mail.contoso.com/EWS/Exchange.asmx

IIS ARR
(Reverse Proxy & Load Balancer)

CAS 1

https://mail.contoso.com/OAB
https://mail.contoso.com/EWS/Exchange.asmx

IIS ARR
(Reverse Proxy & Load Balancer)

CAS 2

IIS ARR

User

mail.contoso.com
ecp.contoso.com
ews.contoso.com
eas.contoso.com
oab.contoso.com
oa.contoso.com

https://autodicover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/
Autodiscover.xml

URL Rewrite

Server Farm

mail.contoso.com

OWA
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/OWA/HealthCheck.htm

ecp.contoso.com

ECP
Web Farm

https://ecp.contoso.com/ECP/HealthCheck.htm

ews.contoso.com

EWS
Web Farm

https://ews.contoso.com/EWS/HealthCheck.htm

eas.contoso.com

EAS
Web Farm

oab.contoso.com

OAB
Web Farm

https://oab.contoso.com/OAB/HealthCheck.htm

oa.contoso.com

OA
Web Farm

https://oa.contoso.com/RPC/HealthCheck.htm

autodiscover.contoso.
com

AutoDiscover

CAS

https://eas.contoso.com/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync/HealthCheck.htm

https://autodicover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/HealthCheck.htm

Web Farm

Performing per-protocol Health


Check

Exchange Virtual Directories:


mail.contoso.com,ECP.contoso.com, EWS.contoso.com,
EAS.contoso.com, OAB.contoso.com, OA.contoso.com
AutoDiscover.contoso.com

Solution

Option 1

Option 2

True distribution of traffic


destined for multiple CAS
servers

Load Balancing of traffic


destined for multiple CAS
servers

Exchange Virtual Directories


(OWA, ECP, OAB etc)
[except AutoDiscover]

No per-protocol Health
Check
(Server Availability)

Yes*

Share a common namespace

Per-protocol Health Check


(Service Availability)

Yes

Certificate & DNS

Minimal (mail.tailspintoys.com and


autodiscover.tailspintoys.com)

mail.tailspintoys.com

Namespace for each protocol

Certificate entry for each protocol


(mail.tailspintoys.com,
EWS.tailspintoys.com,
EAS.tailspintoys.com,
OAB.tailspintoys.com etc.) or one
Wildcard certificate (*.tailspintoys.com)

Multiple additional DNS entries

mail.tailspintoys.com
EWS.tailspintoys.com
EAS.tailspintoys.com
OAB.tailspintoys.com etc

Solution

Option 1

Option 2
3

High Availability of traffic


destined for multiple CAS
servers

Load Balancing of traffic


destined for multiple CAS
servers

Exchange Virtual Directories


(OWA, ECP, OAB etc)
[except AutoDiscover]

No per-protocol Health
Check
(Server Availability)

Yes*

Share a common namespace

Per-protocol Health Check


(Service Availability)

Yes

Certificate & DNS

Minimal (mail.tailspintoys.com and


autodiscover.tailspintoys.com)

mail.tailspintoys.com
Namespace
Share a common
for each
namespace
protocol

Certificate
Minimal (mail.tailspintoys.com
entry for each protocol
and
(mail.tailspintoys.com,
autodiscover.tailspintoys.com)
EWS.tailspintoys.com,
EAS.tailspintoys.com,
OAB.tailspintoys.com etc.) or one
Wildcard certificate (*.tailspintoys.com)

Multiple additional DNS entries

mail.tailspintoys.com
EWS.tailspintoys.com
EAS.tailspintoys.com
OAB.tailspintoys.com etc

Solution

Option 1

Option 3

High Availability of traffic


destined for multiple CAS
servers

Load Balancing of traffic


destined for multiple CAS
servers

Exchange Virtual Directories


(OWA, ECP, OAB etc)
[except AutoDiscover]

No per-protocol Health
Check
(Server Availability)

Yes

Share a common namespace

Per-protocol Health Check


(Service Availability)

Yes

Certificate & DNS

Minimal (mail.tailspintoys.com and


autodiscover.tailspintoys.com)

mail.tailspintoys.com

Share a common namespace

Minimal (mail.tailspintoys.com and


autodiscover.tailspintoys.com)

mail.tailspintoys.com

Option 2

Per-protocol Health Check


(Service Availability)

Yes

Namespace for each protocol

Certificate entry for each protocol


(mail.tailspintoys.com,
EWS.tailspintoys.com,
EAS.tailspintoys.com,
OAB.tailspintoys.com etc.) or one
Wildcard certificate (*.tailspintoys.com)

Multiple additional DNS entries

mail.tailspintoys.com
EWS.tailspintoys.com
EAS.tailspintoys.com
OAB.tailspintoys.com etc

URL Rewrite

User

IIS ARR

Server Farm

CAS

/OWA*

OWA
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/OWA/HealthCheck.htm

/ECP*

ECP
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/ECP/HealthCheck.htm

/EWS*

EWS
Web Farm

/EAS*
/OAB*

mail.contoso.com
autodiscover.contoso.com

https://mail.contoso.com/OWA

/RPC*

/AutoDiscover*

EAS
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/EWS/HealthCheck.htm
https://mail.contoso.com/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync/HealthCheck.htm

OAB
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/OAB/HealthCheck.htm

OA
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/RPC/HealthCheck.htm

AutoDiscover

Web Farm

Performing per-protocol Health


Check

https://autodicover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/HealthCheck.htm

Exchange Virtual Directories:


mail.contoso.com
AutoDiscover.contoso.com

URL Rewrite

User

IIS ARR

Server Farm

CAS

/OWA*

OWA
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/OWA/HealthCheck.htm

/ECP*

ECP
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/ECP/HealthCheck.htm

/EWS*

EWS
Web Farm

/EAS*

/OAB*

mail.contoso.com
autodiscover.contoso.com

https://mail.contoso.com/EWS/Exchange.asmx

/RPC*

/AutoDiscover*

EAS
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/EWS/HealthCheck.htm
https://mail.contoso.com/Microsoft-Server-ActiveSync/HealthCheck.htm

OAB
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/OAB/HealthCheck.htm

OA
Web Farm

https://mail.contoso.com/RPC/HealthCheck.htm

AutoDiscover

Web Farm

Performing per-protocol Health


Check

https://autodicover.contoso.com/Autodiscover/HealthCheck.htm

Exchange Virtual Directories:


mail.contoso.com
AutoDiscover.contoso.com

configure

OWA

Outlook

ActiveSync

IIS ARR

URL Rewrite
(Reverse Proxy)

Web Farm properties


(Load Balancing)

ECP

OWA

Outlook

ActiveSync

IIS ARR

URL Rewrite
(Reverse Proxy)

Web Farm properties


(Load Balancing)

ECP

External User

External Firewall

IIS ARR
Reverse Proxy + Load Balancer

Internal Firewall

Internal User

External User

External Firewall

IIS ARR
Reverse Proxy

Internal Firewall

IIS ARR
Load Balancer

Internal User

External User

External Firewall

IIS ARR
Reverse Proxy

Internal Firewall

IIS ARR
Internal Load Balancer

Internal User

IIS ARR
External Load Balancer

IIS ARR
(Reverse Proxy + L7 Load Balancer)

DMZ

O365 Mailbox
OnPremise Mailbox

ADFS Proxy

ADFS

INTRANET

INTERNET

O365 Exchange Online Hybrid Configuration

OnPremise Mailbox

O365 Mailbox

AD FS
AuthN
Web UI

AD FS Proxy
Web
Application
Proxy

Firewall

Load Balancer

Firewall

(browser,
Office client
or modern
app)

Config. API
over HTTPS

HTTP

HTTP/S
Claims, IWA or
pass-through
AuthN

Internet

DMZ

Load Balancer

Client

Config.
Store

AuthN

Active Directory
Domain
Controller
Obtain KCD
ticket for IWA
AuthN

Backend
Server
Backend
BackendServer
Server

Corporate Network

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

GET

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

GET
https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

POST
https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

302 FOUND
https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa
MSISAuth
(session cookie)

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

GET
307 Redirect
https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa
MSISAuth
(session cookie)

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

301 moved
permanetly
https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa
MSISAuth
(session cookie

EdgeAccessCookie
(session cookie)

GET /w AuthToken!

KCD for
Principal
Name

Shows ticket
issued for
SPN https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

GET
https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

Shows ticket
issued for
SPN https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

Actual OWA
logon!

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

401
Unauthorized

401
Unauthorized

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh831477.aspx

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://sts.contoso.com

https://sts.fabrikam.com

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

https://mail.fabrikam.com/owa

and after a while of not using it, it stops working


WAP uses a short-lifed certificate (15 days) to authenticate to ADFS.
If you dont use your WAP lab for 15 days, WAP will be essentially stranded as the expired
certificate will be rejected by ADFS.
You can either re-install WAP (the config will remain as it is stored in ADFS), or rerun the
configuration wizard via the Remote Access UI (preferred)

For the Remote Access UI, to let you run through the wizard again, change
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\ADFS\ProxyConfigurationStatus to 1 (meaning not configured)
instead of 2 (configured). Reopen the UI. No reboot required.

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