Introduction

In this report I will be talking about the history of filming and editing in the development
of
technology, the purpose of filming and cinema is to
entertain peoples everyday life and to promote actors skills in different types of genres of
films And the I will be talking about other creations to the media industry like the Magic
lantern.

Magic Lanterns
The magic lantern was created in 1820 by two men but it was never agreed who would
take the achievement for creating this masterpiece, the magic lantern provided the
uneducated masses with the brief respite from the arduous lives.
The magic lanterns contained principle elements that were later found in film projectors
that was a source of illumination, a mechanism that made a moving frame and image
through a light proof casing.
The magic lantern has another name for its self which is Spanish which is called the
Laterna Magica, and as well the magic lantern was not only a direct ancestor of the
motion picture projector, but it could itself be used to project moving images, which was
achieved by the use of various types of mechanical slides.
Typically two glass slides, one with the stationary part of the picture and the other with
the part that was to move, would be placed one on top of the other and projected
together, then the moving slide would be hand-operated, either directly or by means of a
lever or other mechanism.
Chromotrope slides which produced eye-dazzling displays of continuously cycling abstract
geometrical patterns and colors, were operated by means of a small crank and pulley
wheel that rotated a glass disc.
The Thaumatrope
The Thaumatrope was invented in 1825, Depending on the source, the invention is
credited to three different people: Peter Roget, also the creator of Roget's Thesaurus, Dr.
John Ayton of Paris, and Dr. Fitton of London.
The Thaumatrope is a simple device with two different images, one on the front and one
on the back. A piece of string is attached to each side. By quickly rolling the string between
your fingers, the two images appear to blend together making one image."

The Zoetrope

The Zoetrope was invented by William George Horner (1786-1837) and patented in 1834.
It was an early form of motion picture display that consisted of a drum containing a set of
still images that was turned in a circular fashion in order to create the illusion of motion.
Horner originally called it the Daedatelum, but Pierre Desvinges, a French inventor,
renamed his version of it the Zoetrope (from Greek word root zoo for animal life and
trope for "things that turn.")
A Zoetrope is relatively easy to build. It can be turned at a variable rate to create slowmotion or speeded-up effects. Like other motion simulation devices, the Zoetrope
depends on the fact that the human retina retains an image for about a tenth-of-a-second
so that if a new image appears in that time, the sequence was seem to be uninterrupted
and continuous. It also depends on what is referred to as the Phi phenomenon, which
observes that we try to make sense out of any sequence of impressions, continuously
relating them to each other.
The visual effect created by a Zoetrope is still used today to create animated GIFs and
video display technologies such as streaming video, which essentially create an effect of
motion by presenting discrete but closely-related images one after the other."
The Praxinoscope
The Praxinoscope, invented in 1877 by Frenchman Charles Reynaud, was the first device to
overcome the picture distortion caused by viewing through moving slots. The image produced was
more brilliant than other devices and it quickly replaced the zoetrope in popularity. A band of
pictures is placed inside an outer cylinder and each picture is reflected by the inner set of mirrors.
The number of mirrors is equal to the number of pictures. When the cylinder rotates, the reflected
pictures gives the illusion of motion.
The Praxinoscope improved on the zoetrope by replacing its narrow viewing slits with an inner circle of
mirrors, placed so that the reflections of the pictures appeared more or less stationary in position as
the wheel turned. Someone looking in the mirrors would therefore see a rapid succession of images
producing the illusion of motion, with a brighter and less distorted picture than the zoetrope offered.
The Masstransiscope
MASSTRANSISCOPE is considered an important work in the history of public art. It won a prestigious
certificate of merit from the Municipal Arts Society and it still resonates as an important piece of New
York City history. Based on the principle of the zoetrope (a 19th century toy),
The Masstransiscope consists of a series of 30 high images housed inside a long wood and steel
structure with narrow slits, through which the images are seen.

The Lumire Brothers

The Lumire brothers were born in Besancon France and moved to Lyon in 1870, where
both attended La Martiniere, the largest technical school in Lyon.
On 28 December 1895 the Lumire Brothers gave their first public showing of the
Cinmatographe at the Grand Cafe Boulevard des Capucines, Paris. The Lumire apparatus
consisted of a single camera used for both photographing and projecting at 16 frames per
second.

The Lumires presented the first newsreal, a film of the French Photographic Society
Conference, and the first documentaries, four films about the Lyon fire department.
Beginning in 1896 they sent a trained crew of innovative cameraman-projectionists to
cities throughout the world to show films and shoot new material.
The next project that the brothers worked on collaboratively was a device known as the
HDR or Hyper Dimensional Resonator. With this device, the brothers began to bend the
time space continuum to suit their needs throughout the years.
The Thaumatrope is a simple device with two different images, one on the front and one
on the back. A piece of string is attached to each side. By quickly rolling the string between
your fingers, the two images appear to blend together making one image."