Genetics Study Guide 2014

Zoology
Name: _____________________ Period: ___________
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Vocabulary
Gene:
Chromosome:
Mutation:
Mitosis:
Meiosis:
Genetics:
Gamete:
Fertilization:
Homozygous:
Heterozygous:
Phenotype:
Genotype:
F1:
F2:
Dominant:
Recessive:

17. Some characteristics that are determined by genes.

a. _________________
b. _________________
c. _________________
d. _________________
e. _________________
f. _________________
18. Polled is a condition in cattle where.
19. Being polled is a _______________ trait
20. Some characteristics are highly heritable, some are not
a. Length of hog _____________________
b. Litter size is ________________________
c. Polled is __________________________
21. We learned that having droopy ears is a DOMINANT trait for pigs. Cross a
heterozygous male with a heterozygous female and determine the potential genotypes
and phenotypes of the offspring in the F1.
22.

In the animal world, darker colors are usually dominant over lighter colors. Lets cross
a pair of rats. The female has brown eyes but carries a pink gene (heterozygous) and
the male has pink eyes. This means he has to be homozygous for the recessive trait.
Create a cross and tell the genotype and phenotype of the F1 generation.

23. In dragons, the ability to breathe fire is a dominant trait. Cross a homozygous fire
breathing female to a homozygous water breathing male. Show the F1 and F2 and tell
the phenotypes and genotypes.
24. How many pairs of chromosomes do the following species have?
Cattle
Humans
Horses
Chickens
25. In ________________ inheritance, several pairs of genes determine the inheritance traits.
Examples are meat and milk production and growth rate

26. You get exactly _____________ of your genetic information (genes) from each parent.
27. The gamete that determines the gender of the offspring is the _____________.
28. Cross a pure, polled (HH) bull with horned(hh) cows
a. What is the genotype of the offspring?
b. What is the phenotype of the offspring
Cross the F1 males (Hh) with the F1 females (Hh)
a. What is the genotype ratio?
b. What is the phenotype ratio?
29. In pigs, black skin is dominant over white skin. Droopy ears are also dominant over erect
ears. Breed a homozygous dominant sow to a homozygous recessive boar. After
completing that mating, cross the F1 offspring which will result in a 16 box (F2) punett
square.
30. Farmer Joe has a homozygous white Shorthorn bull. He recently purchased a homozygous
red Shorthorn heifer to breed with his bull. Create a cross using the punnett squares and
tell what the phenotype of the offspring will be. Show the F1 and F2 and tell the
phenotype and genotypes of each. This is an example of what special genetic
situation? ___________________________
31. Define the following words:
Homozygous:
Heterozygous:
Dominant:
Recessive:
32. All eggs are what chromosome? ________ Sperm are what chromosomes? ____________
A female has which chromosomes? ________ A male has which chromosomes?
____________
33. Cross a red pea plant with a white pea plant. Show your key! Show an F1 and F2 and tell
the phenotype of both generations. Also, what type of special genetic situation is this
an example of? ________________________