APLICACIONES

ELIMINACIN DE CALOR INTERMEDIO

L 1, 0+ D
QD
L 1, 0

A1 = D + R
A 1z A = D x D + R x R
1

1
Q E1
L 1, 0 =

2
A2

3
QR

L 1, 0
D

Sector 1 o sector de enriquecimiento

s=o

s=o

L1,0 - S qPsPs +S qAsAs +

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs

yk+1,i+1 =
k

s=o

s=o

s=o

s=o

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

xk+1,i +

DxD + S PszPs - S AszAs

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

y1,i+1
=

L1,0
L1,0 + D

x1,i +

DxD
L1,0 + D

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs

Recta operativa

Sector 2
k
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 - S qPsPs +S qAsAs +

S Qes -QSE1QAs

s=o

yk+1,i+1 =

s=o

ll
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

s=o

s=o

xk+1,i +

S QesQ- E1S QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

DxD - S PszPs +S AszAs

k
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

y2,i+1
=

L1,0 +QE1/l
L1,0 + D +QE1/l

x1,i +

DxD
L1,0 + D +QE1/l

S QesQ- E1S QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

Recta operativa

Sector 3 o sector de agotamiento

k
k

s=o

s=o

+qA2
AA
L1,0 - S qPsPs +S
qAs
2s+

S Qes -QSE1QAs

s=o

yk+1,i+1 =

s=o

ll
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S
-(1(1- qqA2
)A2s +
As)A

s=o

s=o

xk+1,i +

S QesQ- E1S QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

DxD - S PszPs +S
-A2zAA2
szAs
k

L1,0

y2,i+1
=

s=o

s=o

qA2q)A
+ D + S (1-qPs)Ps-(1S (12 s+
As)A

L1,0+ qA2A2 +QE1/l

L1,0 + D -(1- qA2)A2+QE1/l

x1,i +

S Qes -QSE1QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

DxD-A2zA2
L1,0 + D -(1- qA2)A2+QE1/l

Cortes con la diagonal

Sector 321
k

s=o

s=o

AA
DxD + S PszPs -S
zAs
2zsA2
yk+1 = xk+1 =

s=o

s=o

D + S Ps A
-S
-S2 A
Ass

Sector 1 oSector
sector
Sector2de
3 enriquecimiento
DxDDx
AD2zA2
y2 =
y1x=2 =
x1 =
= x=D xR
DA
D2

Condensador intermedio

Q E1

Piso 1,NP1

V 1,0

L 1,NP

Q E1
V 2,1

L 2,0

Q E1

Piso 2,1

V 1,0= V 2,1

l
Q E1

L 2,0

= L 1,NP

Q E1
1

Recta operativa cambio de sector condensador intermedio

DE1=V2,1-L1,NP1
V2,1V
= 1,0
V=
+1,0
Q+D
1,0L
E1/l

V2,1V
-L2,1
-L1,NP1
= L1,0
= +D
V1,0++ Q
QE1
V/l
/l
-L1,NP1
1,NP1
E1
2,1-L
1,NP1

V2,1= L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

V2,1y2,1 = L1,NP1 x1,NP1 +D xD+

y2,1 =

L1,NP1
L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

QE1
l

yE1

D xD+

x1,NP1 +

QE1

yE1

l
L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

Interseccin con la recta operativa de enriquecimiento

y1,i+1
=

y2,1 =

L1,0

x1,i +

L1,0 + D

L1,NP1
L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

DxD
L1,0 + D

x1,NP1 +

QE1
D xD+
y
l E1
L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

(L1,0 + D)y1,i+1 =L1,0 x1,i+1 +DxD

(L1,0 + D + QE1/l)y1,i+1 =L1,0 x1,i+1 +D xD+

y= yE1

QE1
yE1
l

Interseccin con la recta operativa del sector 2

y2,i+1
=

y2,1 =

L1,0 +QE1/l

x1,i +

L1,0 + D +QE1/l

L1,NP1
L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

DxD

x1,NP1 +

L1,0 + D +QE1/l

QE1
D xD+
y
l E1
L1,NP1+D + QE1/l

(L1,0 + D +QE1/l)y1,i+1 =(L1,0 +QE1/l) x1,i+1 +DxD

(L1,0 + D + QE1/l)y1,i+1 =L1,0 x1,i+1 +D xD+

x= yE1

QE1
yE1
l

Diagrama de McCabe

L1,NP1

V1,0
V2,1

yQE1

D
1

DE1
V1,0 como lquido

L2,0 =L1,NP1 +V1,0 como lquido

xR

zA2

xQE1

xD

APLICACIONES
ELIMINACIN DE CALOR INTERMEDIO
L 1, 0+ D
QD
L 1, 0

A1 = D + R
A 1z A = D x D + R x R
1

1
QA1
L 1, 0 =

2
A2

3
QR

L 1, 0
D

Sector 1 o sector de enriquecimiento

s=o

s=o

L1,0 - S qPsPs +S qAsAs +

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs

yk+1,i+1 =
k

s=o

s=o

s=o

s=o

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

xk+1,i +

DxD + S PszPs - S AszAs

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

y1,i+1
=

L1,0
L1,0 + D

x1,i +

DxD
L1,0 + D

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs

Recta operativa

Sector 2
k
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 - S qPsPs +S qAsAs +

S Qes -QSA1QAs

s=o

yk+1,i+1 =

s=o

ll
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

s=o

s=o

xk+1,i +

S Qes Q
- AS1 QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

DxD - S PszPs +S AszAs

k
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S (1- qAs)As +

y2,i+1
=

L1,0 -QA1/l
L1,0 + D -QA1/l

x1,i +

DxD
L1,0 + D -Qa1/l

S QesQ- A1S QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

Recta operativa

Sector 3 o sector de agotamiento

k
k

s=o

s=o

+qA2
AA
L1,0 - S qPsPs +S
qAs
2s+

S Qes -QSA1QAs

s=o

yk+1,i+1 =

s=o

ll
k

s=o

s=o

L1,0 + D + S (1-qPs)Ps S
-(1(1- qqA2
)A2s +
As)A

s=o

s=o

xk+1,i +

S QesQ- A1S QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

DxD - S PszPs +S
-A2zAA2
szAs
k

L1,0

y2,i+1
=

s=o

s=o

qA2q)A
+ D + S (1-qPs)Ps-(1S (12 s+
As)A

L1,0+ qA2A2 -QA1/l

L1,0 + D -(1- qA2)A2-QE1/l

x1,i +

S Qes -QSA1QAs

s=o

s=o

ll

DxD-A2zA2
L1,0 + D -(1- qA2)A2-QA1/l

Cortes con la diagonal

Sector 321
k

s=o

s=o

AA
DxD + S PszPs -S
zAs
2zsA2
yk+1 = xk+1 =

s=o

s=o

D + S Ps A
-S
-S2 A
Ass

Sector 1 oSector
sector
Sector2de
3 enriquecimiento
DxDDx
AD2zA2
y2 =
y1x=2 =
x1 =
= x=D xR
DA
D2

Caldera intermedia

QA

Piso 1,NP1

V 1,0

L 1,NP

k1

QA
V 2,1

L 2,0

QA

Piso 2,1

V 1,0 = V 2,1

l
QA

L 2,0

= L 1,NP

QA
1

Recta operativa cambio de sector condensador intermedio

DE1=V2,1-L1,NP1
V2,1=VV1,01,0=- LQ1,0
/l
A1+D

V2,1V
-L2,1
-L1,NP1
= L1,0
= +D
V1,0-- Q
QA1
V/l
/l
-L
-L1,NP1
1,NP1
A1
2,1-L
1,NP1
1,NP1

V2,1= L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

QA1
V2,1y2,1 = L1,NP1 x1,NP1 +D xDxA1
l

y2,1 =

L1,NP1
L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

D xD-

x1,NP1 +

QA1

xA1

l
L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

Interseccin con la recta operativa de enriquecimiento

y1,i+1
=

y2,1 =

L1,0

x1,i +

L1,0 + D

L1,NP1
L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

DxD
L1,0 + D

x1,NP1 +

QA1
D xDx
l A1
L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

(L1,0 + D)y1,i+1 =L1,0 x1,i +DxD

(L1,0 + D - QA1/l)y1,i+1 =L1,0 x1,i +D xD-

y= xA1

QA1
xA1
l

Interseccin con la recta operativa del sector 2

y2,i+1
=

y2,1 =

L1,0 -QA1/l

x1,i +

L1,0 + D -QA1/l

L1,NP1
L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

DxD

x1,NP1 +

L1,0 + D -QA1/l

QA1
D xDx
l A1
L1,NP1+D - QA1/l

(L1,0 + D -QA1/l)y1,i+1 = (L1,0 -QA1/l) x1,i +DxD

(L1,0 + D + QE1/l)y1,i+1 =L1,0 x1,i +D xD-

x= xA1

QA1
xE1
l

Diagrama de McCabe

L1,NP1
L2,0

V1,0
V2,1=V1,0+L1,NP1 como vapor

DA1

xQA1

L1,NP1 como vapor

xR

zA2

xQA1

xD

Reflujo total
y1,i+1
=

L1,0

DxD

x1,i +

L1,0 + D

y1,i+1
=

D=0

L1,0 + D

x1,i

xR

zA1

xD

Condiciones de reflujo mnimo

Columna convencional supuestamente
trabajando a un reflujo inferior al mnimo
L 1, 0+ D
QD
L 1, 0

L1,0
D

L1,0
D

mnimo

A1

QR

xR

zA1

xD

Reflujo mnimo condicionado por el equilibrio

L1,0
D

mnimo

En el punto de tangencia

Reflujo mnimo
Dos alimentaciones

L 1, 0+ D
QD

L 1, 0

y
m1min=

L1,0

1
L1,0 + D

A1

L1,0+ qA1A1

mmin=Max(m1min,mm2min
2min=,m3min)

A2

L1,0 + D -(1- qA1A1)

3
m3min=

L1,0+ qA1A1+ qA2A2

L1,0 + D -(1- qA1A1) -(1- qA2A2) Q
R

xR =x3

zA2

zA1

xD =x1

x2

Relacin entre la pendiente en cada sector mk+1 y el

caudal de reflujo mnimo intrnseco de cada sector
(L1,0 )mink+1

(L1,0 )mink+1=
k

s=o

s=o

- S qPsPs +S qAsAs +
mk+1

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs
l

- D -Ss=o(1-qPs)Ps+Ss=o(1- qAs)As 1-

1
mk+1

s=o

s=o

S Qes - S QAs
l