Unit 4 Review Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

_____ 1. Heterotrophs are organisms that

A. produce food from inorganic molecules
B. can survive without energy
C. must consume other organisms to get energy
D. produce food from sunlight
_____ 2. Most of the energy used by life on Earth comes from
A. the sun
B. the moon
C. the rotation of the Earth

D. none of the above

_____ 3. When cells break down food molecules, energy is

A. converted into sunlight
B. released entirely as body heat into the environment
C. temporarily stored in ATP molecules
D. destroyed
_____ 4. Many autotrophs obtain the energy they need for metabolism through
A. fermentation
B. hunting food
C. photosynthesis
D. eating food
_____ 5. Which of the following statements does not describe chemosynthetic autotrophs?
A. certain bacteria that live deep in the sea
B. prokaryotes that use chemical energy from inorganic compounds to make food
C. use sunlight to produce organic compounds
D. use chemicals flowing out of vents
_____ 6. ATP is called a cells energy currency because
A. ATP is stationary cannot be transported
B. ATP allows for one organelle to be exchanged for another between cells
C. glucose is made of ATP
D. ATP delivers energy whenever energy is needed within the cell
_____ 7. Energy is required for a variety of life processes including
A. growth and reproduction
B. movement
C. transport of materials across cell membranes
D. all of the above
_____ 8. Which of the following equations shows energy being released from ATP?
A. ADP + P + ENERGY ATP + H2O
B. ATP + H2O ADP + P + ENERGY
C. ADP + ATP ENERGY
D. ADP + ATP H2O + P + ENERGY
_____ 9. The major atmospheric by-product of photosynthesis is
A. nitrogen
B. water
C. carbon dioxide

D. oxygen

_____ 10. Energy flows from the sun through the living world when
A. plants capture sunlight and produce carbohydrates.
B. animals eat plants.
C. animals eat other animals that have eaten plants.
D. All of the above.
_____ 11. Light energy is converted to chemical energy through the process of
A. cellular respiration
B. photosynthesis
C. fermentation
_____ 12. ATP stands for
A. Adenosine tryptophan
B. Adenoid triglyceride

D. glycolysis

C. Adenotriptophosphorus
D. Adenosine triphosphate

_____ 13. Which of the following choices is NOT a stage of photosynthesis?

A. glucose is broken down to pyruvate
B. sunlight energy is captured
C. light energy is converted to chemical energy
D. chemical energy is stored in organic compounds
_____14. Which of the following is the chemical formula for photosynthesis?
A. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O
C. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
B. 6O2 + 6CO2 6H2O + C6H12O6
D. 6H2O + C6H12O6 6O2 + 6CO2
_____ 15. When a phosphate group is removed from an ATP molecule,
A. energy is released
C. energy is stored
B. an enzyme is formed
D. fermentation occurs
_____ 16. Energy released from ATP
A. contains five phosphate groups
B. drives most of a cells activities
C. is found only in bacteria
D. all of the above
_____ 17. Which of the following choices correctly identifies the products of the first stage of photosynthesis?
A. light and water
B. excited electrons, H+, and O2 ()
C. ATP and FADH2
D. Light energy and chemical energy
_____ 18. In the first stage of photosynthesis, what are the series of molecules through which the excited
electrons move?
A. metabolic pathway
B. Calvin cycle C. electro-magnetic spectrum
D. electron transport chain
_____19. At the end of the ETC, most of the light energy is now chemical energy that is temporarily stored in
which molecules?
A. ATP and NADPH
C. CO2 and O2
B. H2O and FADH2
D. C6H12O6 and ADP

_____ 20. In the final stage of photosynthesis, the series of reactions that create carbohydrates needed for
energy and growth is called
A. the Calvin cycle
B. the electron transport chain
C. the Krebs cycle
D. glycolysis
_____ 21. Which molecule supplies the replacement electrons for the chlorophyll?
A. carbon dioxide
B. oxygen
C. glucose
D. water
_____ 22. Which of the following statements is true about chlorophyll?
A. pigment that reflects mostly blue and red light
B. pigment that reflects mostly green light
C. pigment that reflects mostly yellow and orange light
D. pigment that absorbs every color light
_____ 23. The source of oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes from
A. carbon dioxide
B. the air
C. water

D. glucose

_____ 24. During the final stage of photosynthesis, which molecule supplies the carbon atoms to make sugar?
A. ADP
B. CO2
C. glucose
D. C6H12O6
_____ 25. Photosynthesis : oxygen ::
A. oxygen : carbon dioxide
B. cellular respiration : carbon dioxide

C. cellular respiration : oxygen

D. cellular respiration : enzymes

_____ 26. Which of the following is NOT part of cellular respiration?

A. electron transport chain
C. Krebs cycle
B. glycolysis
D. Calvin cycle
_____ 27. Cellular respiration takes place in the two stages of
A. first fermentation, then glycolysis
B. first electron transport chain, then fermentation
C. first glycolysis, then aerobic(oxidative) respiration
D. first Krebs cycle, then glycolysis
_____ 28. The name of the process that takes place when organic compounds are broken down in the absence
of oxygen is
A. respiration
B. fermentation
C.oxidation
D. all of the above

_____ 29. When glycolysis occurs,

A. a molecule of glucose is split
B. two pyruvates are made

C. some ATP is produced

D. all of the above

_____ 30. Cellular respiration begins in the cytoplasm and ends in the
A. cytoplasm
B. endoplasmic reticulum
C. mitochondria

D. cell membrane

_____ 31. The process of cellular respiration

A. is performed only by organisms that are incapable of photosynthesis
B. breaks down food molecules to release stored energy
C. occurs before plants are able to carry out photosynthesis
D. occurs only in animals
_____ 32. Which of the following is the chemical formula for cellular respiration?
A. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O
C. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
B. 6O2 + 6CO2 6H2O + C6H12O6
D. 6H2O + C6H12O6 6O2 + 6CO2
_____ 33. Which correctly identifies the products of alcoholic fermentation?
A. Ethyl Alcohol and O2
C. H2O and O2
B. Ethyl Alcohol and CO2
D. lactic acid
_____ 34. If oxygen is absent during the second stage of cellular respiration,
A. fermentation will occur
B. the Krebs cycle begins
C. the electron transport chain works more efficiently
D. photosynthesis stops
_____35. Which of the following statement does not describe alcoholic fermentation?
A. ethanol concentration is usually not greater than 12%
B. occurs in muscles cells after strenuous exercise
C. produces beer and wine
D. CO2 produced causes bread to rise
_____ 36. The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is
A. water
B. NADPH
C. ATP

D. oxygen

_____ 37. Cells produce ATP most efficiently in the presence of

A. water
B. oxygen
C. carbon dioxide

D. lactic acid

_____ 38. Water is an end product of cellular respiration in

A. lactic acid fermentation
C. the Krebs cycle
B. alcoholic fermentation
D. the electron transport chain
_____ 39. Which of the following statements best describes oxidative respiration?
A. glucose is broken down into pyruvate, NADH, and a small amount of ATP
B. makes a large amount of ATP
C. takes place in the cytoplasm of Eukaryotes
D. pyruvate is converted to lactate or ethanol and CO2
_____ 40. Fermentation enables glycolysis to continue under
A. anaerobic conditions
C. photosynthesis
B. aerobic conditions
D. oxidative conditions
_____ 41. Which of the following compounds is produced during the Krebs cycle?
A. O2
B. H20
C. CO2
D. C6H12O6

Use the following diagram to answer questions 47. and 48.

X
Y
Z

_____ 42. What is the net ATP production at site X?

A. 2
B. 4
C. 34
D. 36
_____ 43. What is the net ATP at site Z ?
A. 4
B. 34
C. 36

D. 38

_____ 44. Refer to the illustration above. Graph A demonstrates that the rate of photosynthesis:
A. Decreases in response to increasing light intensity.
B. Increases indefinitely in response to increasing light intensity.
C. Increases in response to increasing light intensity, but only to a certain point.
D. Is unaffected by changes in light intensity
_____ 45. Refer to the illustration above. Graph B shows that the rate of photosynthesis works best
A. At 0oC & at 47oC
B. At around 23oC
C. At all temperatures between 0oC & at 47oC
D. Temperature has no effect on the rate of photosynthesis

ESSAY QUESTIONS:
1. The relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is usually described as a cycle. Explain.

2. Explain why cells of plant roots generally lack color and why leaves appear green.

3. How might the folding of the inner mitochondrial membrane affect the rate of aerobic respiration?