Patricia Lin

Science 8H-3
11-30-2010
Ch. 2 Outline
Properties
Intrinsic
Cannot be changed
The atoms that make up a substance
Extrinsic
Can be changed
Shapes, sizes, colors
Shape
Size
Color
Causes objects to look alike and becomes hard to tell apart
Use chemical tests to determine objects
Special
Used to differentiate one thing from another
Color, odor, size, shape, texture, hardness
General
Describe similarities of two or more objects
Mass, weight, volume, density
Vocabulary
Mass
Measure of amount of matter that makes up solid, liquid, or gas
Matter
Anything that has mass and volume
Weight
The mass of the object
The mass of the planet
The distance of the center of the object to the center of the planet
Function of gravity
Mass vs. Weight
Objects may have same masses but different weights
Chemistry
Study of matter and the changes that it undergoes in the presence of new matter
Ruling Out
You dont know what it is, but you know what it isnt
Objective
To separate objects and classify the substance as either rock or shell
Crushed rock and shell looks alike; extrinsic properties are changed
Extrinsic properties were changed and it became hard to recognize which is which
Chemical properties do not change when the extrinsic property changes

 Lab
Rock
No reaction
Whole rock + HCl => no reaction
Crushed rock + HCl => no reaction
rock(whole or crushed)
HCl
Shell
Fizz
Whole shell + HCl => fizz
Crushed shell + HCl => fizz
shell(whole or crushed)
Why are the results same for whole and crushed?
They are same because NATURE IS CONSISTENT.
Conclusion
The intrinsic properties do not change; therefore, it allows us to compare the reaction of an
unknown substance to the reaction of a known substance. The substances that have similar
reactions must have similar atoms making them up, since nature is consistent.
If two substances do not react, you cannot say that they have similar atoms, you can only state
that they do not react and therefore, have different atoms. Stating that they have similar atoms
is an inference, but cannot be stated as a fact.