APPENDIX -1: GLOSSARY OF OSTEOLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY

Elevations and Projections

auricular - ear shaped
facet - smooth area often covered
with articular hyaline cartilage
lamina - thin plate
spine - elongated projection
squamous - thin, flat, scale-like
trochlea - pulley-shaped surface
tuberosity - large rounded elevation
condyle - rounded elevation
lip - margin of groove, crest, line
apophysis - prominence formed on bone
ridge - rough, narrow elevation

boss - bump or protuberance

crest - sharp edge
hamulus - hook-like projection
line - low, narrow ridge
process - localized projection
trochanter - large., rounded elevation
tubercle - small, rounded elevation
glenoid - socket-like
capitulum - small rounded articular end
head - large, rounded & stalked condyle
promontary - any projecting part
capitate - head

Holes and Depressions

canal - bony tunnel
fissure - narrow slit
groove - uncovered passage
meatus - narrow passage
cavity - open enclosed area
incisure - knotch

foreman - hole
fossa - wide depression
notch - large groove
sulcus - groove or furrow
fovea - pit or cup-like depression
sinus - mucus membrane-lined cavity

Prefixes
supra - above
inter - between

demi - half
epi - above
below
intra - within

infra -

sub - below

Descriptive
anterior - towards the front
dorsal - at the back
distal - away from the truck
lateral - towards the sides
external - outside
inferior - below
costal - associated with the ribs
cranial - towards the head
ala - wing-like
conoid - cone shaped
diploy - lattice-like structure
axillary - towards the armpit
carpus - wrist
chondral - assoc. w/ cartilage

posterior - towards the back

ventral - at the front
proximal - towards the trunk
medial - toward the midline
internal - inside
superior - above
vertex - top or highest point
superficial - near the surface
styloid - needle-like
coronoid - crows-beak shaped
corpus - body
plantar - sole of the foot
cervical - neck
concha - shell shaped

Teeth Terms
buccal/labial - adjacent to the libs/cheek
cusps - rounded projections
occlusal - biting edge

lingual/palatal - next to the tongue

mesial - towards front/midline mouth
dens - teeth