Name _Anthony Medeiros

Period # 1st

Date _12-15-14

Acid Rain in the U.S.

Air Pollution Virtual Lab
Objectives: Define acid rain and describe its causes. Test the pH of rainwater samples and plot the
information on a map of the United States. Describe the relationship between the occurrences of acid rain
and sulfur dioxide emissions in the United States.
Procedure:
1. Access the following link:
http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/CT11/CT11.html
2. Read the information on the left of the screen to answer the Prelab questions below.
3. Now that you know more about acid rain, you are ready to collect some data! Click a Test Tube Holder to
select a set of test tubes to test. Click a Test Tube to test the pH of the water sample.
4. Enter the state's pH value into the map. To do this, click a state, then click the color in the legend that
corresponds to the state's pH value. If you do not have a printer, record the pH values and SO2 values for each
state on the attached map. (Use the color key on the right side of the map to identify the pH of states that have
already been tested. There is no data for Alaska or Hawaii.)
5. Repeat steps 1-3 for all the states' rainwater samples then use your data to answer questions #7-12 below.
Prelab Questions:
1. What is acid rain? Acid rain is any rain that has a pH lower than 5.6.

2. How is it formed? Acid rain is form when pollutants rise and mix with the water vapor.

3. How does acid rain affect the environment? Acid rain can harm vegetation and aquatic life.

4. Besides the effect on the environment, does acid rain has any other harmful effects? It can be harmful
to the surface of buildings and statues that humans have built.

5. What two air pollutants are associated with the formation of acid rain? Nitrogen oxides and sulfur
dioxides are associated with the formation of acid rain.

6. What are the sources of these air pollutants? The sources of these air pollutants can be industrial
factories and volcanoes.

Data Analysis:
7. According to your pH test result, where in the U.S. is acid rain most severe? Ohio, Vermont and New
Jersey is where the acid rain is most severe.

8. Sulfur dioxide is the main air pollutant associated with acid rain. Yes? (:

9. Which state in the U.S. release the most sulfur dioxide annually? Ohio releases the most sulfur dioxide
annually.

Conclusion:
10. Based on your analysis, is there a relationship between a state's sulfur dioxide emissions and the
average pH of its rain water? Yes, the higher the states sulfur dioxide emissions, the higher the average
pH.

11. How might you explain the fact that Vermont and New Hampshire, states with very low sulfur dioxide
emission, experience acid levels that are among the most severe in the country? Wind can carry sulfur
dioxide, creating acid rain in the states.

12. Discuss at least three possible ways to reduce acid rain. Lower emissions, reduce sulfur dioxide, and use
less energy.