Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
1. Introducere*
O constatare ntlnit n cvasi-totalitatea studiilor dedicate democraiei parti*
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minile cetenilor), pn la forme semireprezentative (liderii sau consiliile comunitii au avut puterea de decizie). Cabannes i
structureaz concluziile sale n fapt,
subiecte de cercetare pe mai departe i
ntrebri fundamentale n 19 teme
cuprinse n cinci dimensiuni. Aceste
dimensiuni sunt participativ, financiar,
teritorial, regulativ/legal i politic. n ceea
ce privete dimensiunea participativ, ca
s lum numai un exemplu, ea ridic
urmtoarele probleme (Cabannes, 2004:
42-43): 1) cine are puterea de a lua decizia
n legtur cu implementarea bugetelor?;
2) care sunt obiectivele care subntind
bugetele participative?; 3) cine controleaz
implementarea deciziilor i execuia lucrrilor?; 4) participare direct sau reprezentare a cetenilor?; 5) care este rolul organizaiilor profesionale (ONG-uri, universiti, parteneri externi etc.)?; 6) n ce
proporie i n ce modaliti particip
persoanele marginalizate?; 7) care sunt
instrumentele municipale de monitorizare
i evaluare?; 8) care sunt modalitile de
training pentru personalul implicat?
Cabannes ofer un foarte preios
suport empiric observaiei c toate aceste
cinci dimensiuni sunt implicate n redefinirea constant a cmpului i a experienelor specifice bugetelor participative.
Nu e acelai lucru s participi direct sau
prin reprezentani, nu e acelai lucru s te
poi folosi de 1%, de 15% sau de 100%
din bugetul oraului, nu e acelai lucru s
utilizezi instrumentul bugetului participativ la nivel de cartier sau de ora, exist
o diferen sensibil ntre opiunea pentru
standardizarea i formalizarea procedurilor
(influenarea se manifest de sus n jos) i
opiunea experimentrii neconstrnse (influenarea se manifest de jos n sus), la fel
cum exist o diferen semnificativ ntre
utilizarea normal a instrumentului i
acapararea lui de ctre o elit politic, care
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