Al-nUr Al-muhMmdI Aqy pMjwbI sU&I swihq AiDAYn

minMdr isMG jy.Awr.AYP.

pMjwb tYknIkl XUnIvristI

pUrv pRo. gulvMq isMG pMjwbI sU&I swihq AiDAYn dw

mu`Flw JukwA sU&IAW nUM ieslwm dy bwgIAW vjoN dyKx v`l hI irhw[ pRo. gulvMq isMG
ny AwpxI smIiKAw iv`c sU&Imq nUM ieslwm nwl joV ky iesdy is`DWqW nUM aujwgr
kIqw[ ieh pihlw Xqn sI jd sU&Imq nUM pMjwbI BwSwc iesdy mUl sroqW dI
roSnI zrIey dyiKAw igAw[ pRo. Swihb ny qkrIbn swry pRmu`K sU&I is`DWqW nUM AwpxI
pusqk ieslwm Aqy sU&Ivwd Aqy ku`J lyKW iv`c pirBwiSq kIqw hY[ Awp ny jo
Xogdwn pMjwbI sU&I swihq AiDAYn dy Kyqr iv`c pwieAw auh v`fmu`lw hY, pr
Awpdy Akwl clwxy qoN bwAd G`t hI ivdvwnW v`loN sU&I is`DWqW dIAW jVHW v`l
jwx dI koiSS kIqI geI[ Aijhy is`DWqW iv`coN ie`k hY Al-nUr Al-muhMmdI dw
is`DWq, ijs nUM nUr-ey-muhMmdI jW hkIkq-ey-muhMmdI vI ikhw jWdw hY[ ieh is`DWq
m`uFly rUpc hzrq muhMmd dy Akwl-clwxy qoN bwAd SIAw smudwie iv`c pRcilq
hoieAw[ bwAdc iesnMU kurwn au~pr ADwirq drSwieAw jwx l`gw[
SIAw smudwie iv`c ivSvws sI ik sMswr dI isrjxw qoN
pihlW ie`k AlOikk nUr mOjUd sI, ijsnUM ^udw ny Awpxy nUr qoN pYdw kIqw sI, iehI
Al-nUr Al-muhMmdI sI[ ieh nUr dUjy pYgMbrW qoN cldw hoieAw hzrq muhMmd qoN
bwAd SIAw iemwmW iv`c pirivSt hoieAw[ ieh nUr pYgMbrW Aqy iemwmW nUM pwpW
qoN bcwauNdw, mwsUm bxwauNdw Aqy AlOikk rh`sW dw igAwn pRdwn krdw hY[ jo
ienswn r`bI igAwn hwisl krnw cwhuMdw hY, auh pYgMbr dI pYrokwrI A^iqAwr kry
Aqy iemwmW dy zrIey ielwhI nUr nwl juVy[1
sU&IAW iv`c ieh is`DWq husYn ibn mnsUr Al h`lwj nwl
joiVAw jWdw hY[ h`lwj ny nUr-ey-muhMmdI dw ibAwn rh`swqmk kwivmeI AMdwz
iv`c AwpxI ikqwb Al-qvwsIn iv`c kIqw hY[ ies ikqwb dw pihlw AiDAwie
qwsIn Al-isrwj iesy is`DWq nwl sMbMiDq hY[ hzrq muhMmd swihb nUM kurwn
iv`c isrwj munIrw2 kihky A`lwh v`loN sMboiDq kIqw igAw hY, ijsdw ArQ hY
roSn icrwg[ auhnw nUM AYsw icrwg ikhw igAw hY jo A`lwh dy hukm nwl dunIAW nUM

A`lwh dI qr& bulwaux vwlw hY[ h`lwj ny hzrq muhMmd swihb dI S^sIAq dy do
p`K aujwgr kIqy hn[ iek sMswr dI pYdwieS qoN pihlW dw pwrlOikk srUp hY, jo
A`lwh dw nUr hY Aqy Ajr Amr hY[ dUjw ieslwm dy bwnI rsUl A`lwh hzrq
muhMmd dw hY[ pr rsUl dy ienswnI jwmy AMdr vI nUr-ey-muhMmdI nUM drSwieAw
igAw hY[
h`lwj ny hzrq muhMmd nUM AlOikk pRkwS qoN pRkwiSq
dIpk ikhw hY, jo bwr bwr pRkt hoieAw[ auh AYsw dIpk bixAw jo s`B dIpkW qoN
bulMd ho igAw[3 Bwv s`B pYgMbrW qoN sRySt bx igAw[ h`lwj kihMdw hY ik duinAw
iv`c ijMny vI pYgMbrI nUr Awey swry muhMmd dy nUr qoN pYdw hoey Aqy muhMmd dw nUr
A`lwh dy nUr qoN pYdw hoieAw[ ieMJ h`lwj muhMmd nUM A`lwh duAwrw pYdw kIqI pRQm
isrjxw sQwipq krdw hY Aqy A`lwh qoN bwAd dUsrI mwxXog hsqI[ kurwn iv`c
vI iek jgHw AwieAw hY: ijsny rsUl dI ieqwXq kIqI ausny A`lwh dI ieqwXq
kIqI[4 h`lwj hzrq muhMmd dy igAwn A`gy sMswr dy sm`sq igAwn nMU ie`k bUMd
smwn kihMdw hY Aqy iesdw mUl somw vI pYgMbr dy igAwn nUM kihMdw hY[ koeI
ivdvwn auhnw dy igAwn q`k nhI phuMc sikAw[ sMswr dy zMjwl iv`coN inklx leI
kyvl muhMmd dI XukqI hI mdd kr skdI hY, ausqoN ibnW koeI h`l nhI[
h`lwj muhMmd swihb dI ienswnI hsqI dI mhwnqw
drSwauNdw kihMdw hY ik Awpdy ihrdy nUM KolH id`qw igAw[ auhnw dy swhmxy ijhVI
vsqU pRkt hoeI ausnUM auhnw dUijAW swhmxy pRkt kr id`qw[5 ie`Qy ieSwrw myrwj
Aqy r`bI vhI v`l hY[ h`lwj kihMdw hY ik ausdI ihMmq s`B ihMmqW qoN A`gy hY[
ausqoN v`Dky koeI ijAwdw SrI&, mShUr, inAweI, ikrpwlU Aqy ^udw qoN frn vwlw
nhI hY[ auh sMswr iv`c srvsRyST hY, ijsdw nwm Ahmd Aqy muhMmd hY[ ausdI
AwigAw SkqISwlI hY, dwn dyx iv`c ausdw h`Q Ku`lHw hY[ mhwnqw ausdw gux hY Aqy
auh AQwh swhsI hY[6
h`lwj duAwrw kIqI ieh ivAwiKAw muhMmd swihb dI
ieqwXq nUM prwsrIrk bxw idMdI hY[ ijs nwl Al-nUr Al-muhMmdI vI ^udw vWg
bMdZI Xog Aqy srbSkqImwn ho jWdw hY, ijs zrIey A`lwh ny bwkI kwienwq dI
rcnw kIqI[ sU&IAW dw ivSvws hY ik A`lwh ny kwienwq nUM hzrq muhMmd dI
muh`bq iv`c isrijAw, jykr muhMmd nw huMdy qW sMswr dI rcnw nw huMdI Aqy auhI
jwnW dI jwn hn ijhnw zrIey ^udw bMidAW nwl hmklwm huMdw hY[ iehI nUr sdW
qoN r`b vloN pYgMbrW iv`c DrqI qy auqwirAw igAw Aqy Aw^rI rsUl hzrq muhMmd
qoN bwAd iemwmW Aqy vlIAW iv`c prvyS kIqw[ ienswn dy r`b nwl imlwp iv`c

ieh nUr ivcoly dw kMm krdw hY[ ies leI ies nwl qwAluk sQwipq krnw sU&I
swDnw dw ie`k ih`sw mMinAw jWdw hY[ iehnw mwnqwvW kwrn prMprwvwdI musilm
aulymw mnsUr ijhy sU&IAW qoN nwrwj sn[
Al-nUr Al-muhMmdI dw ieh isDWq qs`vu& dw iek
^ws isDWq bx igAw, ijsnUM dunIAW dy mhwn sU&I swihqkwrW Aqy &ls&IAW ny
Awpxy swihq Aqy &ls&y iv`c sQwn id`qw[ Sy^ Al-ieSrwk ShwbudIn XwhIAw
Al-suhrwvrdI ny nUrI &ls&y au`pr AwDwirq ieSrwkI &ls&y dI sQwpnw kIqI[
Sy^ Al-Akbr iebnul ArbI ny vI nUr Al-muhMmdI nUM mwnqw id`qI[ pMjwbI sU&I
kvI ikauN jo ieslwm Aqy sU&Imq dI mu`K Dwrw nwl juVy hoey sn, ies leI auhnW
vI ies isDWq nUM gRihx kIqw Awpxy klwm iv`c ibAwn kIqw[
pMjwbI sU&I kwiv iv`c ivSyS kr ^vwzw Zulwm &rId
AYsy hn ik ijhnW dy klwm iv`c sU&I isDWq pRq`K idRStIgocr hMudy hn[ Awpdy
klwm dI mhwnqw do p`KW qoN hY, ie`k pwsy qW Awpdw klwm ieSk dI msqI qy
ibrho dy zMnMUn dI h`d t`pdw hY Aqy dUjy pwsy qs`vu& dy &ls&I isDWqW dI pRq`K
pySkwrI krdw hY[ Awpdy klwm iv`c nUr Al-muhMmdI dw izkr hI nhIN blik
iesdI kwivmeI AMdwz iv`c ivAwiKAw kIqI geI hY[ AwpdIAW ku`J kw&IAW
mukMml qor qy iesy isDWq au`pr AwDwirq hn[ ^vwzw swihb ie`k kw&I7 iv`c
hzrq muhMmd nUM AzlI husn dw iezhwr kihMdy hn[ nbI krIm ijs AlOikk dyS
qoN DrqI qy A`lwh dI hkIkq dy rwz Kohlx Awey, auh s`q dw dyS hY, auh ieMnw
au~cw-su`cw hY ijsnUM mn`uK dI b`uDI smJ nhI skdI[ au~Qy qwlb mqlUb Swhd ShUd
dI koeI QW nhI rihMdI[ au~Qy AhdIXq hI AhdIXq hY[ iesy kw&I iv`c ^vwzw
swihb ny nUrI islisly dw izkr kIqw hY ik auh AzlI luq& zhUr krdw pYgMbrW,
iemwmW Aqy hor Sy^W qoN huMdw hoieAw, auhnw dy murSd hzrq &^r jhW q`k
phMuicAw[ ijhnW nUM auh gur pUrw kihMdy hn[ ijsdy imilAW idl nUM krwr
AwigAw hY Aqy s`B S`k SuBy im`t gey hn[
iesy qrHW bwbw bu`lHy Swh dy klwm dw AiDAYn qoN
ieh pqw cldw hY ik Awp nUr Al-muhMmdI nwl pUrI qrHW sihmq hn[ pr sU&I
isDWqW nUM ^vwzw Zulwm &rId vWg Al`g qoN ivSyS kw&IAW dI rcnw krky pyS nhI
krdy[ blik iehnw nUM Awpxy sMpUrn sU&I AnuBv iv`c Awqmswq krky klwm dI
gihrweI iv`c rmjW vjoN ibAwn krdy hn[ Awp iek kw&I iv`c kihMdy hn :
Ahd iv`coN Aihmd hoieAw, iv`coN mIm inkwlI E Xwr[8

bwbw bu`lHy Swh ie`Qy Ahd ^udw, Aihmd muhMmd

swihb Aqy mIm AzlI nUr dy zhUr nMU kih rhy hn[ Awp nUr Al-muhMmdI dy
islislyvwr AgWh c`ldy rihx dy SIAw isDWq nUM vI mwnqw idMdy hn, Awpdw kOl
hY :
pYgMbr qoN nUr aupwieau, nwm iemwm husYn Drwieau[
JUlw jbrwiel Julwieau, i&r ipAwsw glw ktwiedw[9
mYN vihsW jogI dy nwl10 kw&I iv`c Awpny ies
nUr nUM Awpxy murSd iv`c pirivSt mMnky aus leI jogI Aqy mwhI l&z vrqy hn[
Awp nUr Al-muhMmdI dI lgwqwrqw v`l ieSwrw krdy hoey kdy iesnUM mUsw kdy
muhMmd Aqy kdy murSd dy rUp iv`c Awaux vwlw kihMdy hn[ iek Awm S^s dw
ies nUr nwl sMbMD sQwipq krnw nw-mumikn qW nhI pr muSikl bhuq hY[ bwbw
bu`lHy Swh Anuswr jo bMdw rwqW nUM jwg ky iebwdq kry, rwih-slUk qy c`ly qW aus
au~pr nbI dw nUr brsx lgdw hY[11 ies nUr dw sU&I dy ihrdy iv`c zwhr hox qoN
bwAd iesdw CuipAw rihxw vI Awswn nhI[ pr iesnUM dunIAW qoN Cupw ky r`Kxw
bhuq zrUrI hY, nhI qW dunIAW mnsUr vWg sUlI cVHw idMdI hY[12
ieMJ Al-nUr Al-muhMmdI vWg hor vI isDWq hn ijhnW nUM
SIAw smudwie qoN sU&IAW ny is`Dw gRihx kIqw Aqy aus nUM AgWh qoirAw[ pMjwb
iv`c rihx vwly sU&I ikauN jo Awpxy ipCokV nwl pUrI qrHW juVy hoey sn ies leI
auhnw dIAW rcnwvW iv`c iehnw isDWqW dw Awauxw suBwivk sI[ pMjwbI sU&I
swihq dw gMBIr AiDAYn krn leI ies dIAW jVHW kurwn, hdIs, SIAw iemwmW dy
^uqibAW, ilKqW Aqy ArbI &rsI BwSw iv`c ilKIAW sU&I sMqW qy ivdvwnW dIAW
pusqkW dw AiDAYn krnw zrUrI hY[ qW hI pMjwbI sU&I swihq dy AiDAYn pRiq ie`k
shI nzrIAw bx skdw hY[

hvwly
1. Sayyed Hossein Nasr, Shiism : Doctrine, Thought and Spirituality, State University
of New York Press, 1998,Page 106.
2. Awswn qrzumw kurwin mjId, hwi&z nzr Aihmd, AMfrstYNf kurwn AkYfmI,
hYdrwbwd ieMfIAw, 1987, pMnw 425. (Al-kurwn, sUrq 33 AwXq 46)
3. qvwsIn : Asl ArbI mqn v ruzbIhwn bklI kI &wrsI Srhw v aurdU qrzmw v
qSrIhwq, qhkIk v qrzumw- AqIk Alrihmwn AshwnI, qus`vu& &waunfySn, lwhor,
2008, pMnw 93.
4. Awswn qrzumw kurwin mjId, hwi&z nzr Aihmd, AMfrstYNf kurwn AkYfmI,
hYdrwbwd ieMfIAw, 1987, pMnw 79. (sUrq 4 Awieq 8)
5. qvwsIn : Asl ArbI mqn v ruzbIhwn bklI kI &wrsI Srhw v aurdU qrzmw v
qSrIhwq, qhkIk v qrzumw- AqIk Alrihmwn AshwnI, qus`vu& &waunfySn, lwhor,
2008, pMnw 94.
6. auhI pMnw 95-96.
7. fw. kwlw isMG bydI (sMpw.), kw&IAW ^vwzw Zulwm &rId, pMjwbI XUnIvristI,
pitAwlw, 1997, pMnw 31-32.
8. fw. &kIr muhMmd &kIr, kuilAwq bu`lHy Swh, Awzwd bu`k fIpU, AMimRqsr, 2013, pMnw
61.
9. fw. Jgqwr, bu`lHy Swh jIvn qy rcnw, lokgIq pRkwSn, cMfIgVH, 2008, pMnw 81.
10. auhI pMnw 162.
11. fw. &kIr muhMmd &kIr, kuilAwq bu`lHy Swh, Awzwd bu`k fIpU, AMimRqsr, 2013, pMnw
48.
12. auhI pMnw 112.