11.8 Section Eleven TABLE 11.1.11 General Effect of Voltage Variations on Induction Motor Characteristics Voltage Variation Function of 90% not Characteratic Voltage Vottsie Voltage Starting and maximum ; ‘running torque (Voltage) Decrease 19% Increase 21% Synchronous speed Constant No change No change, Percent lip Li(Voliagey? ——Incvewe 23% Decrease 17% Pulload speed Synchronous ——-Decreate 1.5% Increase 1% ‘ently Bifieteney Poll oad - Decrease 2% Increase 05 9 1% iowa = Practically Practically no change no change lon - sncreae 110 2% Decreata Ito 2% Power factor Full fond ~ Increase 1% Decrease 29 Rion = Increase 2 109% Decrease 4% load = Increase 4 298% Decrease 5 to 6% Fulload current e Increase 11% Decrease 7 Starting current Voltage Decrease 10 v0 12% Inerease 10 to 12% ‘Temperature rie, full 1oad ~ Increase 6 07°C Decreave Ite 2°C Maximum overload capecity (Voltage)? Decrease 10% Inereaee 215 Magnetic noize no load = Decree air Tnrease slighty ‘mn particular (From TERE Sud. 241-1900. Copyright 1990 IEEE. Al rights reserved.) 11.1.13 Voltage-Drop Tables ‘These tables, reading directly in volts, give values for the voltage drop found in aluminum and copper cables under various circumstances, 1. In magnetic conduit, ac a. 70 percent power factor (PF) b. 80 percent power factor ¢. 90 percent power factor d. 95 percent power factor e. 100 percent power factor 2, In nonmagnetic conduit, ac a. 70 percent power factor (PF) b. 80 percent power factor c. 90 percent power factor d. 95 percent power factor e. 100 percent power factor 3. In direct current (de) circuits All voltage drops are calculated at 60 Hz and 60°C. This temperature represents a typical conductor temperature encountered in service. No error of practical signifi- cance is involved in using the table for any conductor temperature of 75°C or less. Space limitations make it necessary to prepare the following pages with the “Ampere Feet” column in abbreviated form. For example, reference to the proper table will show that the voltage drop encountered in a 253,000 A-ft circuit using 1000 Kemil aluminum cable would be (for 80 percent power factor, magnetic conduit)