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Soil stresses under a polygonal area uniformly loaded
Efforts du sol sous un polygon uniformément chargé
J. DAMY R,, Professor of Civil Engineering, National University, Mexico
C.CASALES G, Cons. Eng, Bufete Industrial; Assist. Prof, National University, Mexico
inpRopucrioy
the s0i1 stresses produced by superficsal
Joading. This is accomplished using the
formulas for the normal vertical stress o, at
a point, caused by a vertical coticentrated load
Applied’ at the surface. The ost widely used
fommulas are given below.
(1) nowssinesg’s esuation
ops we [ae urn] ay
(10) Neatergaarata equation
og BS [we ert]
(itt) FaBhldonte equation
7 eet}
sera es eae peor,
Q's "vertical concentrated load
F = horizontal projection of the
Gistance between the load Q and
fhe point P where the stress i
evaluated
2 = Gapth of point P
1-20
xe [bay
Poisson's ratio of the soil
parameter with values 2, 3 or 4
Observe that when X= 3, in Frohlich’
Squation, one obtains the Bovssinesq’ =
‘equation:
In order to determine the normal stress o,
caused by a uniforn vertical load, it is
becessary to integrate the expression given by
the formulas (1), (2) or (3) over the area
where the load i diseributed.
an exact solution, is know for the stross
Gnder the corner Sf a rectangular area
uilformly loaded (Fadun) and sone approxinate
solutions are known for the cage of an area of
inesg's, Westergaard's and FrShlich's equations for normal stress o, are
integrated over @ triangle, The integration ie generalized for any polygonal ar
any shape, such as those proposed by Hl. G.
Poulos in'1374 who used the so called. sector
Rethod, as well ae the popular chart by N. M.
Newmark (1982).
‘There is no known solution for an area of any
polygonal shape. ‘This paper presents a method
Conducive to an exact sovution:
DATEGRATION OF THE STRESS UNDER A VERTEX OF A
ONEPORMLY LOADED ‘TRIANGULAR AREA
The strest o, { obtained by integration unde
the center Pof a circular sector (Fig. 1)
with radius Rand central angle 0, loaded with
Duniformly distrsbuted vertical load q. The
Various solutions are
(4) Bouseinesg's equation
og fp [a+wo}re} a
(18) Nostergaard's equation
opt aft - xe + va] aan
(114) Feantente oguation
@fr- [ae oar]
Fig. 1
cércular Sector
)
)
)
73318/8
Using the results given in (4), (5) or (6) 4
is possible to obtain o, inder'a vertex P of
any triangle, In Fig. 2'a differential
Sireular sector whose central angle is a0 is
Considered: The Qistance Kis a function of 0
Se shown in the figure:
= height of
the trdangle
Fig. 2 Tefangular Area
‘The following solutions are obtained
seeatfh feel cae"
integrating we obtain
cefpeomee [=
i af _tano
wnere a is the ratio 2/H and H is the
height of the triangle
I .
/
(58) Westorgeara's equation
es
-af [2 -w [or + scctsfan
integrating we obtain
aed a :
where b ie the ratio 2/H multiplied
by the constant Ke
734
(663) FrBnLich's equation
-af [:-
Integrating with x
at + aecto]™*} ao
2, we obtain
Integrating with X= 4, we obtain
The process of integration vas, in general,
Binple. However’ in the case of the Soussingsg’s
Squation the integration was rather complicated,
INTEGRATION FOR AN AREA OF ANY POLYGONAL SHAPE
Since a polygon can be subdivided in triangular
areas (Pig. 3), St {a possible to apply the
Integration formulas obtained above: in
Sequential form to all the Feaulting triangles.
3 (earys)
2 Geavys)
Orin) 4 F
2 Gn yw
P (agr¥p)
Polygonal Uniformly Loaded
In Pig. 3, the triangles P12, P23 and P34 give
a positive contribution to the o,-values under
P while the triangles P45 and P51 contribute
hogatively. Note that the nusbering of the
‘The formulas for @ polygon of n vertices will
be obtained applying reiteratedly the equations
(yy (Bly (3) or (10) at the n-tviangles formed
bythe point P and two consecutive vertices &
ana tel"- Dy foscoucen [oxs]eeen” [ova]
specie el} on
: Eifrrcucar pana te} an
(444) PrBhiich's equation
with x= 2
tL ale (524)-t20"* (eu
sna =f on)
whe
ig = tan? Cus
cg = [eh Obs ep + rpoh - ep] ay
Ces [Ader her AD the des - )]
en
weep
Yin * Yan = ap
apy fp * coordinates of point P
= coordinates of vertex £
am
Kies yyy 7 coorasnates Of vertex t+!
Fy = ge Hn
fev
ts [Bin
a, = Skt
Ks
five
vee
gg = eee
a+ al + chy
= kt
i ==
Teal
lval+a,
(et, 2)
3 (re, 2)
(41,2)
conczusrons
With the proposed formulas (11), (12), (13) oF
(14) will be easy #9 caloulate the normal
stress 0, at any point P within a soil loaded
by a uniform vertical load distributed over a
polygonal area. in fact one of the author (C.
Gasales G.) has written a conputer-progran for
She determination of o, in a HP-4icy computer:
FINAL COMMENT AND ACKNOMLEDGMENT
Roth authors obtained the sane results
presented in this paper working independently.
‘the suthors wish to express their gratitude to
Profs Arturo Arias and Hr. David Borizon Ch,
iho, ‘working independently, obtained the
Solution for the indefinive integral in the
Boussineag’s equation.
REFERENCES
inesg, J. (1885). application dee
Potentials a 1'icude de 1'equtlibre et
Ge Nouvenent dea Solides Elastique:
Gauthier-villars, Paris.
Westergaard, H. M. (1939). A Problen of
Elasticity suggested by a Problem in
Soil Nechanies: soft Material
Reinforced ‘by Nuserous Strong Horizontal
Sheets. sixtieth Anniversary Volume of
5. Tinoshenko, Contributions of
Méchanics of Solids, MacMillan Pub. Co.,
New fork.
FrBhiich, 0.x. (1934). Druckverteilung in
Baugrande. (Distribution of Pressures
in Solis) springer Verlag, Berlin.
Poulos, H.G. and Davis E.. (1974). Elastic
Solutions for ofl and Rock Mechanics.
Sohn Wiley & Sons, New York.
Mownark, NM. (2947). Influence charts for
‘Computation of Vertical Displacements
Sn'Elastie Foundations. Univ. of 111
Eng. Expt. Stney Bull, No. 367.
Padun, RE. (1948) Influence Values for
Estimating Stresses in Elastic
Foundations. Proc: 2nd. Int. Conf. Soils
Meche. Bran. Enge; Vol. 3, pp 77-84.
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