TM TT D N NGHIN CU NGH tin s trong nhm NCMT

Tiu : Nhim HIV v cc yu t nguy c hnh vi gia ngi s dng tim chch ma ty tr H Ni,
Vit Nam.
Tn: S.M. Tanvir Ahmed
Bi cnh: tim chch s dng ma ty (IDU) l nhm c nguy c chim u th dch HIV ti Vit
Nam [1-3]. Trong nm 1993, sau khi s ly lan bng n u tin ca nhim trng trong nhm NCMT ti
min Nam Vit Nam, cc nhm nguy c khc c bit l mi dm (PNMD) N b nh hng v
nhim trng m rng min Bc Vit Nam [1] [3]. Bng chng cho thy rng khong 50% gi mi dm
thm tim chch ma tu v thng xuyn thng thc quan h tnh dc khng an ton [4, 5]. Bng
chng mi nht t \u200b\u200bgim st sinh hc v hnh vi tch hp (IBBS) (2009) cho thy c t l
cao hn ca HIV trong nhm NCMT hn so vi cc nhm dn c quan trng khc [6]. Cc lin kt
c thnh lp gia tim chch ma tu v gi mi dm nhn mnh cng tc phng chng quan trng cn
trnh quan h tnh dc khc gii truyn [4]. Mt t l cao ca tnh dc trn trong nhm NCMT tr l
ti liu, nng cao bo ng v truyn dn tnh dc khc gii [5]. Hn na, tim chch ma ty v tui tr
(di 25 tui) c kt hp c lp vi nhim HIV trong cng nhn tnh dc da trn ph [7]. T nm
2008, mc d dng nh c mt s suy gim trong t l nhim HIV trong nhm NCMT trong nhng
nm gn y, hai vn ngh cn phi thn trng: (1) cc vn ca ngi NCMT tr v (2) tnh
dc hiu qu trn ca ngi NCMT trong s dng c tim chch ma ty mng. Cc nghin cu hin ti
nhm mc ch iu tra cc yu t hnh vi nguy c trong nhm NCMT tr di 30 tui, vi trng
tm c bit v nhim HIV, cng nh m t m hnh pha trn ca mnh thng qua thuc v a ch
lin lc thng xuyn quan h tnh dc lin quan trong mng li tim chch ma ty.
Gi thuyt: l a ra gi thuyt rng ngi NCMT tr ang ng gp ng k cho vic truyn ti
nhanh chng ca HIV v do c mt cn phi kim tra c hay khng c kin \u200b\u200bthc, hnh
vi ca h, ma ty v quan h tnh dc / trn (thnh phn mng) c lin quan vi nhim HIV, sau nh
hng n cc m hnh hin ti ca nhim HIV.
Mc tiu: Cc mc tiu nghin cu sau y s c gii quyt:
a) c tnh t l nhim HIV trong nhm ngi NCMT tr trong cc trang web c la chn ti
H Ni, Vit Nam,
b) Kim tra cc yu t nguy c hnh vi trong nhm NCMT tr nh hng n ly truyn HIV
trong cc trang web c la chn ti H Ni, Vit Nam,
c) m t c im x hi v ma ty c lin quan n a ch lin lc ca ngi s dng ma ty
tim chch tr trong mng li ca h lm ni bt thnh phn mng v cc m hnh pha trn, v
d) Kin ngh nh hng tng lai chng trnh pht trin chng trnh tin tin (m rng gim
thiu tc hi) trong nhm NCMT tr ti H Ni, Vit Nam.
ngha: Nghin cu ny s l phng tin h tr s pht trin ca mt d n sng to cho ngi
NCMT tr, cng nh hng dn s cn thit phi m rng cc chng trnh gim tc hi [8] s dng
phng php tip cn sng to, da trn bng chng.
Phng php: Th nht, chng ti ngh tin hnh mt cuc iu tra dch t hc trong s nhng
ngi NCMT tr m s cho php nh gi thc hin nhng nguy c HIV, kt ni mng, s dng ma ty,
tham d trong phng tp bn, s hin din trong mng li khc ca thnh ph tim chch ma ty ln,
sn sng ... gy hi cho dch v gim Sau , mt cuc kho st mng ngn s c tin hnh m s bao
gm tp hp cc thng tin v bin lin quan n mng (thnh vin, tui tc, gii tnh, sc tc, a im,
thuc c la chn, ma ty v tnh dc lin lc lin quan.). iu ny s gip m t cc
charactersistics c bn ca thnh phn mng (trong iu khon ca cc nhn khu hc, dn tc, cc yu
t hnh vi ca cc thnh vin) v a ch lin lc (nghin ma tu v tnh dc lin quan trn) trong mng
ring bit ca ngi NCMT tr. T l hin nhim HIV cng s c nh gi bng cch thu thp nhng
git mu mao mch v s dng phng php nhanh chng btesting. n Driven ly mu (RDS) s
c s dng tuyn dng thnh vin trong mi trng cng ng.
Kt lun: Vit Nam c ca s ca c hi kt hp cc bi hc kinh nghim t i dch HIV cc
nc khc v bao gm trong cc chng trnh phng chng k hoch da trn bng chng cho gim v
n nh t l gia cc nhm dn c b nh hng v ngn nga dch bnh tng qut [9].

Page No. 1

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