1

Lecture No. : 7

What is Tall Buildings :

Sydney

Chicago

stories, 435 m height 110

Causes of Lateral Loads :

Wind
Earthquake

Approximate Methods of Analysis

of Tall Buildings under Lateral
Loads :
Portal Frame Method
Cantilever Method

Portal Frame
Method

Portal Frame
Method
F1

2F1

F1

F2

2F2

F2

Portal Frame
Method

Disadvantages of Portal Frame Method

Do not take the variation
in column section into
consideration

2A

Do not take the distance

between columns into
consideration

Cantilever
Method
9

F1

F2

F3

A1

A2

A3
3

2
10

Solution Steps :

A1

A2

CG+

A3

Ax
= xCG
A
11

Solution Steps :

F1

F2

A1

A2

F3
CG+

A3
3

F1
1 =
A

F2
2 =
A2

F3
3 =
A3

12

Example 1 :
Draw B.M, S.F & N.F.Ds for the shown frame

27.2 t
0.5A

3.5A

2A

0.5A

3.5A

2A

13.6 t

8
13

27.2 t
4

13.6 t

4
8

14

0.5A

3.5A

2A

O
8

Ax
= xCG
A
0.5A x 0 + 3.5A x 8 + 2A x 16

= xCG

0.5A+3.5A+2A

60 A
=
6A

= 10 m
15

CG+

F1
0.5A

F2
3.5A

F3
2A
3

1
F1
1 =
0.5A

2
F2
2 =
3.5A

F3
3 =
2A

16

CG+

F1

F2
8

F1
0.5A

F2
3.5A

F3
6

F3
2A

17

CG+

F1

F2
8

F1
0.5A
F2
3.5A
F1
0.5A

2
=
10

F2
3.5A
F2
3.5A

F1
2
=
10 0.5A

F3
6

F3
2A

F2 = 1.4 F1
18

CG+

F1

F2
8

F1
0.5A
F3
2A
F1
0.5A

6
=
10

F2
3.5A
F3
2A

F1
6
=
10 0.5A

F3
6

F3
2A

F3 = 2.4 F1
19

F1

CG+

F1 1.4
8

Mreaction = Maction

F1 2.4
2

About CG

=Mreaction 10xF1+ 2x1.4 F1+ 6x2.4F1

= 27.2 F1

20

27.2 t
4

13.6 t

4
8

21

27.2 t

13.6t

27.2 t
2

F1

F1 1.4

+CG
F1 2.4

Mreaction = Maction
27.2 F1 = 27.2 x 2
F1 = 2 t

22

27.2 t

13.6t

27.2 t

2.8

4.8

23

27.2 t

27.2 t

13.6 t

13.6

F1

F1 1.4

+CG
F1 2.4

Mreaction = Maction
27.2 F1 = 27.2 x 6 + 13.6 x 2
F1 = 7 t
24

27.2 t
13.6

9.8

16.8

25

27.2 t
2
2

2.8
2.8

4.8
4.8

13.6 t

7
7

9.8
9.8

16.8
16.8

26

27.2
2
13.6

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

4
27.2 t

F2

F3

2
F1
2

Fy = 0
F3 = 2 t

M@ = 0
4 F 3 = 2 F1

F1 = 4

Fx = 0

F2 = 23.2 t 27

27.2 t

27.2
2
13.6

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

23.2
2
4
2
28

27.2

23.2
2

4
2

4
2
23.2

27.2
2
13.6

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

9.6
4.8

2
13.6
2.8

Fx = 0

Fy = 0

M@ = 0
? x 2 = (2+4.8)x4
29

23.4

9.6
4.8
13.6

27.2
2
13.6

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

2.8
4.8
9.6

9.6
4.8

Fx = 0
30

27.2

23.2 23.2
4

4.8

9.6 9.6

4.8
13.6

9.6

4.8

2.8

27.2 t
4
2

13.6
2.8

9.6
4.8

31

27.2 t
4

13.6

2.8

27.2
9.6 2
13.6

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

4.8

13.6 a

Fy = 0

11.6
5
6

Fx = 0

M@ = 0
4

32

27.2 t
4

13.6

2
4

2.8

27.2
9.6 2
13.6

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

4.8
2.8
13.6

2
11.6

13.6
6

11.6

Fx = 0

4.8

12
20.4
9.8

Fy = 0

M@ = 0

33

27.2 t
4

13.6

2
4

2.8

4.8
13.6 2.8

2
11.6

13.6
6
7

27.2
2
9.613.6

11.6 5

4.8
20.4
9.8 4.8

12

2.8

4.8

9.8

16.8

9.6

4.8

12

Fx = 0

14.4
16.8

34

27.2

23.2 23.2

4.8

9.6 9.6

4.8
13.6

9.6

13.6
11.6 11.6

13.6
6
7

2.8

4.8

2.8

4.8

12

4.8
20.4
9.8

9.6

4.8
14.4

12
16.8

35

27.2

23.2 23.2

4.8

9.6 9.6

4.8
13.6

9.6

13.6
11.6 11.6

13.6
6

4.8

2.8

4.8

12

4.8

20.4
9.8

7
6

2.8

20.4

9.8

9.6

4.8
14.4

12
16.8

14.4 16.8

36

23.2 2

27.2
4

2
2

4
13.6

13.6 4.8

13.6
11.6 5

2.8

20.4
9.6

23.4

+
2.8

9.6

4.8
9.6
12
4.8
14.4
14.4

16.8

4.8

20.4 12
9.8

4.8

2+

9.6

11.6
9.8

4.8
16.8

NFD

37

23.2 2

27.2
4

4
13.6
6

2
2

9.6

13.6 4.8

13.6
11.6 5

2.8

20.4 12
9.8

20.4

13.6

20.4

14.4

16.8

+ 9.6

+
-

4.8
9.6
12
4.8
14.4

4.8

9.6

4.8

12

SFD

14.4

38

23.2 2

27.2
4

4
8

19.2

12

-+

27.2

20
12

2.8

27.2

20

-+

40.8

13.6
11.6 5

13.6 4.8

2
2

4
13.6

9.6

19.2

20.4 12
9.8

20.4
19.2

4.8
9.6

4.8
9.6
12
4.8
14.4
14.4

16.8

19.2

48

28.8

48
40.8

28.8

BMD

39

Summary
Solution Steps :

A1

A2

CG+

A3

Ax
= xCG
A
40

Summary
Solution Steps :

F1

F2

A1

A2

F3
CG+

A3
3

1
F1
1 =
A

2
F2
2 =
A

F3
3 =
A

41

Questions
42