A.P.

Psychology
Unit 8: Chapters 11 & 15
Personality and Intelligence

Chapter 15 Study Guide

Big Questions: What defines an intelligent person? How can we make personality/intelligence
testing a constructive endeavor? Which theory of personality best describes who we are? Are
personality and intelligence stable over a lifespan?
Unit 8 Objectives:
After you have read the chapters and taken notes, you should be able to do the following:
Chapter 15
Describe Freuds view of personality structure
Outline and describe Freuds psychosexual stages of personality development
Explain how defense mechanisms operate
Discuss the major ideas of the neo-Freudians and todays psychodynamic issues
Explain how projective tests are used to assess personality and describe research findings regarding their
validity and reliability
Discuss trait theories of personality
Identify the Big Five personality factors
Discuss the basic ideas of Maslow and Rogers
Evaluate the humanistic perspective
Describe the social-cognitive perspective and define reciprocal determinism

Chapter 15: Personality

1. personality
2. free association
3. psychoanalysis
4. unconscious
5. id
6. ego
7. superego
8. fixation
9. defense mechanisms
10. repression

11. regression
12. reaction formation
13. projection
14. rationalization
15. displacement
16. projective test
17. terror-management theory
18. collective unconscious
19. self-actualization
20. unconditional positive regard
21. reciprocal determinism
22. learned helplessness
23. external locus of control
24. internal locus of control

Personality Unit Study Guide Chapter 15

The Psychoanalytic Perspective
1. Describe how Freuds search for the psychological roots of nervous disorders led to his
study of the unconscious and explain psychoanalysis.

2. Describe and illustrate Freuds views of personality structure.

3. Outline and describe Freuds psychosexual stages of personality development.

4. Explain Freuds view of maladaptive behavior and describe how defense mechanisms
operate.

5. Discuss the major ideas of the neo-Freudians and todays psychoanalytic theorists.

6. Explain how projective tests are used to assess personality and describe research
findings regarding their validity and reliability.

The Humanistic Perspective

7. Describe the humanistic perspective on personality and discuss the basic ideas of
Maslow and Rogers.

8. Discuss how culture affects ones sense of self, including research findings on
stigmatized groups and differences between individualist and collective cultures.

The Trait Perspective

9. Discuss trait theories of personality and trace their history.

10. Identify the Big Five personality factors and describe the assessment techniques
associated with trait perspective.

11. Evaluate trait perspective on personality and describe research findings regarding the
consistency of behavior over time and across situations.

The Social-Cognitive Perspective

12. Describe the social-cognitive perspective and define reciprocal determinism, giving two
examples.

13. Discuss research findings on personal control.