iz a FRACTURE SAMPLE Fabricated Steel I Section 154mm deep x 938mm wide flanges. 12mm tk plate 4 Fillet Welds Note that the fracture position is coincident with the ends of the flanges. The fillet welds had not been returned around the end of the flanges. Section has been subjected to a cyclic tensile load. Mode of Fracture Started from Lack of Fusion 1 and Crack 2 in fillet weld. Progressed by Fatigue Fracture (area 3) denoted by smooth fracture surface. Finally into failure by Ductile Tearing (area 4) denoted by the Shear Lips and Thinning.FRACTURE SAMPLE NE2 Piece of Steel Plate 1 " thick x 4" wide (cut off at 1 "length) Loaded in Cyclic Tension or Bending. Mode of Failure Started from position 1. Although no visible defects on surface, tacks or arc strikes could be a possible cause. Progressed by Fatigue mode - 2 denoted by smooth fracture face to boundary -3 where it changed to a Brittle Fracture - 4. This is evidence by the flat rough surface with no shear tips present. 2 small subsidiary fatigue fractures have started from opposite edge - position -5.FRACTURE SAMPLE NF3 Steel Plate 200mm wide x 12mm thick loaded in cyclic tension is Started from burn in from plate surface at position 1. Progressed by Fatigue area -2 denoted by smooth flat fracture to Beach mark -3, Propogation then progressed by Ductile Tearing area 4 denoted by shear tips up to 45° and Thinning of plate. Note: Plate lamination 5FRACTURE SAMPLE NF4 Steel Plate 240 mm wide x 13mm thick loaded in Cyclic Tension. pie 2, 2: A ae ae VR am ies Danced Hoes Sau Cur tees Started from Circular Saw cut -1 between the two drilled holes. Progressed by Fatigue denoted by the smooth flat fracture surfaces -2 and -3 to ‘Beach Marks’ at position -3. Fracture then progressed to failure by Ductile Tearing 5 denoted by the large 45° Shear Tips and plate thinning.FRACTURE SAMPLE NES Steel Sample 150mm wide x 24mm thick Loaded in cyclic tension. [ / os e Faeeh I Started at 4 Tack Welds/Arc Strikes on surfaces -1, 2, 3, 4 Progress by Fatigue Failure 5 & 6 denoted by smooth fracture surface. Then to Ductile Tearing denoted by large Shear Tips 45° and thinning of 7 & 8FRACTURE SAMPLE NEG Joint Type:— Cruciform - Fillet Welded Through Member 24mm tk Wing Plate 10mm tk Note that the fillet welds have not been applied around ends of wing plates. Loading in Cyclic Tension L fe Mode of Failure Fracture started at lack of Fusion defect at Fillet Weld ends - 1, 2, 3, 4. Progressed by Fatigue - denoted by the smooth fracture surfaces on three fronts - 5, 6, 7 to Beach Mark 8. Final fracture occurred by Ductile Tearing - 9, 10 denoted by thinning of material and large 45° Shear Tips.FRACTURE SPECIMEN NEZ Joint Type - Cruciform - Fillet Welded Material - Steel Plate Through Plate 150mm x 12mm tk Wing Plates 100mm x 40mm x 10mm tk The Wing Plates are non-load bearing. Loading has been cyclic in Tension. [ore efs7 se Thinning, Started from Crack at Toe of the weld at a Stop/Start position - 1. Progressed by Fatigue denoted by the smooth fracture surface, area -2 to Beach Mark -3. Final failure by Ductile Tearing denoted by the large shear tips (up to 45° angle) and ‘some plate thinning, area -5,FRACTURE SAMPLE NFS Steel Plate 150mm wide x 24mm thick. Loaded in Cyclic Tension. cae ss Mode of Failure Crack started at Tack Welds - 1, 2, 3, 4 Progressed initially by Fatigue, denoted by the smooth fracture surfaces, on 3 crack fronts - 5, 6, 7 which joined up at -8. Final failure by Ductile Tearing -9, 10 denoted by the 45° Shear Lips and material thinning,FRACTURE SAMPLE NEQ Joint Type - Cruciform 120mm long, with two single level welds. Through Plate 20mm tk Wing Plate 25mm tk Loading Cyclic Tension or Bending of Wing Plates | i CeAcn | 1 \ Welding by the Submerged Arc Method. Mode of Failure Crack propagated from the Weld Root through the Weld Metal from lack of Fusion defect 75mm long -1. Propagated by Fatigue denoted by the smooth fracture faces, area -2. Final failure by Ductile Tearing - some small shear tips present - area 3.FRACTURE SAMPLE NF10 Double Tee Fabrication in 12mm steel plate Through Plate 200mm wide Flange Plates 85mm square Joined by Single Pass Fillet Welds down sides only - No welding around ends Leaded in Cyclic Tension Fracture initiated from the ends of the Fillet Welds attaching the end flanges to the through plate. This is a point of stress concentrations. Progressed by Fatigue -1, denoted by the smooth fracture surface. Further progression by Ductile Tearing -2, denoted by the large shear lips, up to 45°.ERACTURE SAMPLE. NEI Steel Block 35mm tk x 75mm wide. Loaded in Cyclic Tension. Laetie, Mode of Failure Fracture started from central lamination -1. Progressed by Fatigue, denoted by smooth fracture with elliptical boundaries - area-2, Final Failure by Ductile Tearing denoted by Shear Lips - area-3. Note number of other defects, - laminations etc, in plate. Examination of the specimen edges would indicate some welding had been carried out ‘on the sample but requires further polishing and etching to be able to comment further.FRACTURE SAMPLE NFi2 Steel Plate 150mm wide x 37mm tk. Loaded In Cyclic Tension or Bending. Mode Of Failure Fracture started on a broad front -1, from plate surface. There Is no obvious crack starter present - but could have been from the toe of a weld on the mating piece. Progressed by Fatigue, area-2, denoted by the smooth fracture surface to the Beach Marks -3. Final fracture is of a Brittle nature, area -4, denoted by the level, crystalline surface, Area 5 appears to be a root bead which hasn't penetrated the whole plate thickness. Or possibly ductile tearing with some mechanical damage.FRACTURE SAMPLE NFI3 Steel Plate Sample 100mm wide x 37mm tk. Loaded in Cyclic Tension. ! x a ree A] Initiation from Tack Welds (or Arc Strikes?) on surface of the plate -1. Progressed by a Fatigue mode on 3 fronts in area -2 to position -3. Fatigue mode denoted by the smooth fracture surface. Fracture then changed to a Brittle Mode, area -4 denoted by the crystalline appearance of the surface. Finally failure occurred by Ductile Tearing area -5 and area -6, Note possible crack at area -6 and remains of tack at -7.FRACTURE SAMPLE NFI4 Cruciform Joint in 12mm tk Steel Plate. Through Plate 140mm wide Wing Plate 115mm wide (non load bearing) Fillet Welded — Toes of Fillet Welds on through plate having TIG blending runs at toes. Loaded by Cyclic Tension. tN Mode Of Failure Fracture started on a broad front from the Toe of one of the fillet welds -area-1. Progressed by Fatigue area-2, denoted by the smooth fracture surface to position -3, Further progression by Brittle Failure, area -4 denoted by flat crystalline surface. Ss Then Ductile Tearing down to fusion line of lower TIG weld, area -6,