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Simulatio
n
Introduction
Reservoir simulation is the process of using computer models
heterogeneous reservoir
2. The only way to handle situation having a production
schedule.
3. How should the field be developed and produced in order to
Reservoir Simulator
Classification
The most common criteria for classifying reservoir
simulators are :
The type of reservoir and reservoir fluids to be
Reservoir Simulation
Applications
Modeling Methods
assumptions.
Not every question demands in-depth modeling detail.
KeyStepsinaSimulationStudy
Step1SetClearObjectives&Priorities
TypicalGoalsforNewFields
TypicalGoalsforMatureFields
Step2CharacterizetheReservoir
PetrophysicalModelThe petro physical model defines where the volumes
of oil, water and gas are located in the reservoir, as well as how fluids
behave in the presence of the rock.
Step3AspectsofModel
Step4SelecttheModel
DeterminetheDimensionality
Step5ConstructtheModel
Step6ValidatetheModel
Step7MakePredictions
Step8DocumenttheStudy
ReservoirRockPropertiesrequiredin
Simulationstudies
Porosity
Permeability
Homogeneous vs. heterogeneous systems
Isotropic and anisotropic systems
Porosity&Permeability
Rock matrix
Pore space
Homogeneousvs.heterogeneoussystems
Isotropicandanisotropicsystems
Flowinreservoirs
1. Type of fluids in the reservoir.
2. Flow regimes.
3. Reservoir geometry.
4. Number of flowing fluids in the reservoir.
BasicReservoirEngineeringConcepts:
a. Fluidpotential
b.DarcysLaw:forsinglephase1D:
c.Compressibility:
d.Capillarypressure:
Capillary pressure exists whenever pores are saturated with two or more
phases .
For water wet system :
e.Relativepermeability
DerivationoftheFluidflowequation
Lawofmassconservation
= mass rate in , the mass of the component entering the control volume from
the other part of the reservoir .
= mass rate out.
= Sink or Source
= rate of mass accumulated
Now
take the limit of each term as and approach zero the following equations
obtained :
Darcy's Law
Rectangularflowgeometry
One-dimensional flow
Two-dimensional flow
Three-dimensional flow
BoundaryandInitialConditions
Dirichlet
Neumann type
Availabilityofdata
Levelofinformationdesired
Qualityofinformationdesired
Flowcharacteristics
Complexityofthereservoir
Numberofwells
Explicit
Formulation
Implicit Formulation